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地幔动力学研究进展--地幔对流 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4
分类而且系统地回顾了地幔对流研究的进展情况.发现虽然静态地幔对流模型(没有考虑地球自转或差异旋转效应)在拟合某些地表观测如重力异常、大地水准面异常以及地下应力场时取得了较满意的结果,但是却对于某些全球尺度的地质特征如0°、180°半球的非对称性显得难以适应,因此建议性地提出了今后地幔对流的可能发展方向. 相似文献
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《CT理论与应用研究》2000,(1)
征集论文摘要与论文全文、征求合作办会者本会会标：右边为医学ＣＴ／ＭＲ扫描仪;左边为地震ＣＴ作出的地球的速度异常剖面。主办单位：中国体视学学会中国机械工程学会无损检测分会北京信息工程学院等资助单位：国家自然科学基金委员会（ＮＳＦＣ）中国地震局科技发展与... 相似文献
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利用GPS观测结果研究华北地区现今构造应力场 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
根据１９９２年和１９９５年两期ＧＰＳ测量结果所获得的位移场和应变场,结合丰富的地质资料,利用有限元方法对华北地区现今构造应力进行了模拟。计算结果表明;华北地区现今构造应力场主压应力方向为ＮＥＥ,其边界力除受ＮＥ５５°－ＳＷ２３５°方向的压应力作用外,同时还受到ＳＥ１２０°－ＮＷ３００°方向的拉张力作用,其中ＮＥ－ＳＷ的压应力量值较大,约为ＳＥ－ＮＷ向拉应力的两倍,这个结果与震源机制解所获得的应力场 相似文献
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1999年震情述评 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 全球地震活动概况据我国地震台网测定 ,1 999年全球发生 7级以上地震 2 1次 (表 1 ) ,最大地震为 8月 1 7日土耳其 7.8级地震 ,其次为 9月 1 6日台湾南投 7.6级和 1 0月 1日墨西哥南部沿海 7.6级地震 (图 1 )。 表 11999年全球 7级以上地震目录序号月日时 分 秒纬度经度地点 震级0 10 2 0 70 5 47 49.7 12 .1°Ｓ 16 7.0°Ｅ新赫布里底群岛北 7.20 2 0 30 82 0 2 5 48.45 2 .2°Ｎ 15 8.2°Ｅ堪察加 7.30 30 32 0 18 47 48.2 5 1.4°Ｎ 177.9°Ｗ阿留申 7.00 40 40 5 19 0 8 0 3.80 4.8°Ｓ 15 0 .7°Ｅ巴布亚几内亚 7.… 相似文献
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用联合反演三维速度结构与震源参数的方法确定日本西南部九州背弧层析图象。成像中使用的是从日本西部到中国东部广大区域内305个地震台记录的2736个地方震的初至到时资料。同时补充使用了357个远震的到时。在北纬30°～34°和东经128°～132°范围至少深达150km 范围内,我们得到了高分辨率的地幔顶层的 P 波层析图象。反演结果揭示出九州岛以西近海40～100km 深度范围内有一个大的强低速带。这种特征可能是由延展的冲绳海槽东北缘地区热地幔上涌产生的部分熔融引起的。 相似文献
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用高分辨率地震体波速度成像以及相关的地球物理资料,计算地幔垂直流动形式及流动速度,得到全球地幔流垂直运动模式.从全球尺度来看,地幔流基本可划分为以下几个区域：欧亚大陆—澳大利亚、北美洲—南美洲为两个大规模下降流区域,西印度洋—非洲及大西洋、中南太平洋及东太平洋为两个大规模地幔上升流区域.地幔上升流起源于核幔边界,主要表现在地幔中部和上地幔下部.地幔垂直流动速度约每年1～4cm.地幔流动对地表板块运动、海洋中脊和中隆、俯冲带和碰撞带的分布起着控制作用.地幔上升流与地表现代热点有密切关系.从东亚尺度看,地幔流大体分为三个区域：东亚边缘裂谷系和西太平洋边缘海为上升流、西伯利亚地幔深度表现为物质下降流、青藏高原—缅甸—印度尼西亚特提斯俯冲带地幔下降流,这三个区域地幔流动与地表的西太平洋构造域、亚洲构造域和特提斯构造域相吻合.勾勒出南海地区构造特征：从上到下的大体结构是上部呈“工"字型、中间为圆柱型、底部呈盾形的地幔上升流. 相似文献
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星球中的星球：地球内核的自转 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近期发现地球内核地震波速度的各向异性对称轴有１０°的倾斜，由此确定了内核相对于地幔的方位随时间的变化。以国际地震中心（ＩＳＣ）１９６４￣１９９２年２９年的资料为基础，两种分析射线穿过内核时走时变化的方法都揭示：内核的旋转每年比地幔快３°，１９６９￣１９７３年内核方位的异常变化在时间上与地磁场的突变一致。 相似文献
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A Preliminary Study on Geological and Seismogenic Structures in the Region of 1969 M 7.4 Bohai Sea Earthquake 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯｎＪｕｌｙ 1 8,1 969,ａＭＳ7.4ｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅＢｏｈａｉＳｅａａｒｅａｎｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔｏｆｔｈｅＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒＭｏｕｔｈｉｎＳｈａｎｄｏｎｇ (3 8°1 2′Ｎ ,1 1 9°2 4′Ｅ) .Ａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｎ ,ｓｏｍｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｙｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ,ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ ,ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ ,ｆｏｃａｌｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ ,ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｓｏｕｒｃｅｆａｕｌｔ,ｓｈａ… 相似文献
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使用位于松辽盆地内部的NECESSArray台阵连续两年背景噪声数据,通过波形互相关和多重滤波方法提取到2~14 s较短周期的Rayleigh波群速度和相速度频散曲线,基于快速行进（FMM）面波成像方法得到群速度和相速度成像结果,并采用最小二乘迭代线性方法反演获得了松辽盆地深至12 km的三维S波速度结构.本文成像结果显示：松辽盆地内部S波速度分布的横向不均匀性与该区域的构造单元呈现出良好的空间对应关系.从地表至下方的6 km深度,盆地北部比南部表现出更加强烈的低速异常,这一特征可能与盆地南北的沉积构造差异有关.中央坳陷区低速异常的边界与嫩江断裂走向相互平行,表明盆地基底断裂对盆地形成演化具有一定的控制作用.在垂直速度结构剖面中,2.9 km·s-1的S波速度等值线与地震反射剖面显示的盆地基底深度大致对应.基于S波速度模型和盆地基底速度（2.9 km·s-1）,我们获得精细的松辽盆地沉积层厚度模型,结果表明松辽盆地的沉积层厚度分布呈现出中间厚、四周薄的特征,中央坳陷区的沉积层厚度范围大约在3~6 km. 相似文献
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叠前深度偏移的成像效果对偏移速度场相当敏感，建立正确的偏移速度场是实现高质量叠前深度偏移成像的关键。首先应用成像精度高的波动方程法叠前深度偏移抽取共成像点道集；然后基于摄动法通过参数化速度函数和改进的剩余曲率分析建立偏移速度误差和成像深度误差的定量关系；最后采用单参数／多参数联合迭代反演实现偏移速度建模。对Marmousi模型的试算结果表明：该方法对复杂地质体具有较强的适应性和较好的建模和成像效果，一般只需分析和控制主要反射层，通过3－4次近代就可以满足精度要求。 相似文献
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Residual curvature migration velocity analysis for angle domain common imaging gathers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Pre-stack depth migration velocity analysis is one of the keys to influencing the imaging quality of pre-stack migration.
In this paper we cover a residual curvature velocity analysis method on angle-domain common image gathers (ADCIGs) which can
depict the relationship between incident angle and migration depth at imaging points and update the migration velocity. Differing
from offset-domain common image gathers (ODCIGs), ADCIGs are not disturbed by the multi-path problem which contributes to
imaging artifacts, thus influencing the velocity analysis. On the basis of horizontal layers, we derive the residual depth
equation and also propose a velocity analysis workflow for velocity scanning. The tests to synthetic and field data prove
the velocity analysis methods adopted in this paper are robust and valid. 相似文献
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地震定位对速度模型的依赖性很强。四川地区地形复杂,常规工作中可选取多种速度模型进行定位。川西龙门山断裂带为东南部四川盆地和西北部青藏高原东部山区的明显分界线,近年在此断裂带上发生多次较大地震。对发生在该断裂带附近的6个爆破事件和15个天然地震重新定位,并对比结果。研究表明,相同台站包围情况下,川滇3D速度模型稳定性最好,但对浅表爆破不太准确。相比HypoSat（一维速度模型）组合,台站分布对Hypo2000（一维速度模型）和Hypo2000（赵珠速度模型）组合的定位结果影响较大。 相似文献
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地震定位对速度模型的依赖性很强.四川地区地形复杂,常规工作中可选取多种速度模型进行定位.川西龙门山断裂带为东南部四川盆地和西北部青藏高原东部山区的明显分界线,近年在此断裂带上发生多次较大地震.对发生在该断裂带附近的6个爆破事件和15个天然地震重新定位,并对比结果.研究表明,相同台站包围情况下,川滇3D速度模型稳定性最好,但对浅表爆破不太准确.相比HypoSat(一维速度模型)组合,台站分布对Hypo2000(一维速度模型)和Hypo2000(赵珠速度模型)组合的定位结果影响较大. 相似文献
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Sequential imaging of the temporal changes inP-wave velocity offers a practical tool to monitor a rock mass. Using established correlations between the location of seismic events and velocity structure, the temporal seismic potential characteristics of the rock may be monitored. Furthermore, the temporal velocity differences isolate the time dependent factors effecting velocity such as stress, while cancelling static factors such as lithology. Various sequential imaging techniques were compared with respect to accuracy. Differences between successive velocity images were found to have relatively high associated error estimates. However, images of velocity differences calculated from measured travel time delays between successive velocity surveys were found to have lower error estimates. In particular, travel time delays measured using cross-correlation techniques resulted in the most accurate sequential image. Two 3D sequential imaging studies were carried out at Strathcona Mine in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Results of the average static images indicated an association between the location of induced microseismicity and a zone of both high velocity and high gradient. Additional examples are described from the global seismology literature which also show a similar correlation between seismicity and velocity structure. We attribute this association to an interrelated stress and strength effect. The Strathcona Mine sequential images show zones of significantly decreased velocity in regions of concentrated microseismic activity, which are postulated to be indications of localized destressing and relaxation of the clamping forces resulting in the microseismicity. The zones of decreased velocity corresponded to an increase in the velocity gradient. One of the case studies also shows an increase in velocity in a zone of high static velocity, which is later the site of am
N 2.5 mining-induced seismic tremor. The increase in velocity is believed to correspond to a region of stress concentration, resulting in the subsequent seismic tremor. 相似文献
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Crustal and uppermost mantle structure of SE Tibetan plateau from Rayleigh-wave group-velocity measurements 
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下载免费PDF全文 A shear-wave velocity model of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the SE Tibetan plateau was derived by inverting Rayleigh-wave group-velocity measurements of periods between 10 and 70 s. Rayleigh-wave group-velocity dispersions along more than 3,000 interstation paths were measured based on analysis of teleseismic waveform data recorded by temporary seismic stations. These observations were then utilized to construct 2D group-velocity maps in the period range of 10–70 s. The new group-velocity maps have an enhanced resolution compared with previous global and regional group-velocity models in this region because of the denser and more uniform data coverage. The lateral resolution across the region is about 0.5° for the periods used in this study. Local dispersion curves were then inverted for a 3D shear-wave velocity model of the region by applying a linear inversion scheme. Our 3D shear-wave model confirms the presence of low-velocity zones (LVZs) in the crust beneath the northern part of this region. Our imaging shows that the upper-middle crustal LVZ beneath the Tengchong region is isolated from these LVZs beneath the eastern and northern part of this region. The upper–middle crustal LVZ may be regarded as evidence of a magma chamber in the crust beneath the Tengchong Volcanoes. Our model also reveals a slow lithospheric structure beneath Tengchong and a fast shield-like mantle beneath the stable Yangtze block. 相似文献
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Bagus Jaya Santosa 《中国地震研究》2009,23(2):210-222
The S-wave velocity across the earth structure under Indonesia for Indonesia earthquakes has been investigated through seismogram analysis, simultaneously in the time domain and three Cartesian components. The data were recorded at DAV observational station, the Philippines. The main data set is the seismogram comparison between the measured and synthetic seismogram, instead of travel time data, as commonly used in other seismological research. The synthetic seismogram is calculated using the GEMINI method, which is equivalent to Mode Summation. The above seismogram comparison shows that the global earth mantle of PREMAN gives a deviating synthetic seismogram and has earlier arrival times than those of the measurement. The gradient of β_h in the upper mantle layers is altered into a positive, rather than negative slope as stated in the PREMAN model, and negative corrections are imposed to the zero order of the polynomials coefficients in all earth mantle layers. The excellent fitting, as well as travel time or waveform, is obtained from the surface waves of Love and Rayleigh, surface wave to the S and SS mantle waves as well as the core reflected waves. This result expresses that part of the earth mantle, due to a collision between India and Asia tectonic released zones, has a negative anomaly in S-wave velocity and vertical anisotropy in all of the earth mantle layers. 相似文献