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时间相依模型与泊松模型计算结果的对比分析——以道孚及炉霍潜源为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文分析了华北平原第四纪主要构造格局和强震活动特点,划分了主要强震构造带,并对其发震能力作了评价。认为坝县-束鹿-邯郸断裂带、唐山-河间-磁县断裂带和黄骅-德州-东明断裂带3条北东向右旋走滑断裂带为华北平原裂谷系从早第三纪伸展拉张作用进入晚第三纪-第四纪走滑剪切拉张作用的产物,这3条断裂带分别位于3个北东向坳陷带中部,并构成了第四纪沉降中心,与营口-潍坊断裂带一起构成华北平原内的主要强震构造。本文最后提出了华北平原区划分潜在震源区应注意的几点问题,进而针对第四代区划图中华北平原区潜在震源区划分综合方案提出了补充修改意见。 相似文献
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K. W. Campbell P. C. Thenhaus T. P. Barnhard D. B. Hampson 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):743-754
We developed a seismic hazard model for Taiwan that integrates all available tectonic, seismicity, and seismic hazard information in the region to provide risk managers and engineers with a model they can use to estimate earthquake losses and manage seismic risk in Taiwan. The seismic hazard model is composed of two major components: a seismotectonic model and a ground-shaking model. The seismotectonic model incorporates earthquakes that are expected to occur on the Ryukyu and Manila subduction zones, on the intermediate-depth Wadati-Benioff seismicity zones, on the active crustal faults, and within seismotectonic provinces. The active crustal faults include the Chelungpu fault zone, the source of the damaging MW 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake, and the Huangchi-Hsiaoyukeng fault zone that forms the western boundary of the Taipei Basin. The ground-shaking model uses both US, worldwide, and Taiwanese attenuation relations to provide robust estimates of peak ground acceleration and response spectral acceleration on a reference site condition for shallow crustal and subduction zone earthquakes. The ground shaking for other site conditions is obtained by applying a nonlinear soil-amplification factor defined in terms of the average shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m of the soil profile, consistent with the methodology used in the current US and proposed Taiwan building codes. 相似文献
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Based on the studies of earthquake activity, tectonic movement, crustal shortening rate, fault activity, local stress field and historical characteristics of strong earthquake activities in Xinjiang, we divide the south part of Xinjiang into 4 seismotectonic zones, namely, the eastern segment of south Tianshan seismic belt, the Kalpin block, the Kashi-Wuqia junction zone, and the west Kunlun Mountains seismic belt. Using earthquake catalogues from Xinjiang since 1900, and on the basis of integrity analysis of earthquake records in different magnitude ranges, the seismicity state of different seismotectonic zones is analyzed quantificationally by calculating the mean value of annual strain energy release, annual rate of earthquakes with different lower limits of magnitude, b-value, and the parameter m of accelerating strain release model. The characteristic indexes of seismicity state for each of the seismic tectonic zones are then determined, which provide a quantitative basis for earthquake tendency analysis and judgment. 相似文献
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Egill Hauksson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2010,167(8-9):979-997
We associate waveform-relocated background seismicity and aftershocks with the 3-D shapes of late Quaternary fault zones in southern California. Major earthquakes that can slip more than several meters, aftershocks, and near-fault background seismicity mostly rupture different surfaces within these fault zones. Major earthquakes rupture along the mapped traces of the late Quaternary faults, called the principal slip zones (PSZs). Aftershocks occur either on or in the immediate vicinity of the PSZs, typically within zones that are ??2-km wide. In contrast, the near-fault background seismicity is mostly accommodated on a secondary heterogeneous network of small slip surfaces, and forms spatially decaying distributions extending out to distances of ??10?km from the PSZs. We call the regions where the enhanced rate of background seismicity occurs, the seismic damage zones. One possible explanation for the presence of the seismic damage zones and associated seismicity is that the damage develops as faults accommodate bends and geometrical irregularities in the PSZs. The seismic damage zones mature and reach their finite width early in the history of a fault, during the first few kilometers of cumulative offset. Alternatively, the similarity in width of seismic damage zones suggests that most fault zones are of almost equal strength, although the amount of cumulative offset varies widely. It may also depend on the strength of the fault zone, the time since the last major earthquake as well as other parameters. In addition, the seismic productivity appears to be influenced by the crustal structure and heat flow, with more extensive fault networks in regions of thin crust and high heat flow. 相似文献
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ＴｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｎｔｈｅｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｏｆＮｉｎｇｂｏａｒｅａａｎｄｔｈｅＮｅｏｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔＪＩＡＧＥＮＧＣＨＥＮ１）（陈家庚）ＣＵＮＧＵＯＣＨＥＮ２）（陈存国）ＬＩＷＡＮＧ２）（王里）ＢＯ... 相似文献
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大凉山断裂带与安宁河-则木河断裂带的地震活动性分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对比分析,研究了大凉山断裂带和安宁河-则木河断裂带的地震活动性。认为在历史上安宁河-则木河断裂带的地震活动无论是频次还是强度都高于大凉山断裂带,这与活断层及古地震研究的结论是一致的。而且,地震活动性分段比较的结果显示,普格附近的空段2和冕宁附近的空段1发生强震的可能性最大,其次为西昌钝角交汇区．另外,需要注意强震前先发生中强震的可能性。 相似文献
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龙陵 -澜沧新生断裂带的地震活动具频度高、强度大、周期短等特征 ,并以双震或震群型为主。断裂带由多条次级新生断层组成 ,呈斜列或共轭式展布 ,根据结构、规模、地震活动差异等因素把断裂带划分为 4个一级段、13个二级段 ,其中有 4个二级段又可划分出 8个三级段。历史上发生过大震、强震并有地震断层伴生的断层段为地震破裂单元 ;断裂带上晚第四纪有活动并有古地震事件 ,但无历史地震记载的地段为断层闭锁单元 ;次级断层之间的阶区或连接点为障碍体单元。从地震破裂特征分析 ,断裂带由破裂、闭锁、障碍体单元组成 ,根据地震、古地震、活断层、断层阶区的活动规律 ,断裂带可划分出 9个破裂单元、8个闭锁单元、10个障碍体单元。三者之间呈迁移、触发和转换能量的关系。根据这些关系和地震构造标志 ,对断裂带上未来可能发生大震、强震、中强震的地区分别作了预测。预测的危险区有 9个 ,其中大震区 1个 (永康 -永德地区 ) ,强震区 3个 (马站、石灰窑、酒房-勐混 ) ,中强震区 5个 (下顺江、里仁、大岗山、南明 -澜沧、勐遮 相似文献
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Yu. O. Kuzmin 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2013,49(5):626-642
The results of analyzing the long (20–50 years) time series of geodetic observations carried out in the regions with enhanced seismotectonic activity (Kopet Dag, Kamchatka, and California) are presented. It is established that recent vertical and horizontal displacements in the fault zones estimated by instrumental geodetic observations with increased spatiotemporal resolution indicate that the deformations in the fault zones paradoxically deviate from the movements inherited from the previous geological epochs. The paradoxes of high and low deformation rates in recent geodynamics lie in the reliably established empirical fact that extremely high local deformation rates (up to 10?5 per annum and higher) exist in the fault zones in the setting of weak regional deformations, whose annual rates are by two to three orders of magnitude lower. Very low annual average rates of relative horizontal deformations, which only measure 3–5 amplitudes of tidal deformations of the solid Earth, are revealed in the seismically active regions of Kopet Dag and Kamchatka as well as in the San Andreas Fault Zone in northern California. The fault-block dilemma arising in the interpretation of the observations of recent fault geodynamics is formulated. Either the role of active element, which forms the present anomalous deformations, is played by a block, while a fault plays the role of the passive element, or the fault zone itself is a source of anomalous movements, while the blocks are passive elements (hosting medium). It is shown that paradoxes of low and high deformation rates vanish if we assume that the recent anomalous geodynamics is formed by parametric excitation of the deformation processes in the fault zones in the conditions of quasi-static loading. 相似文献
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地震构造带是地震地质研究最重要的内容之一.几十年来,许多研究者对我国所有已知的地震构造带进行了大量的调查研究,但这些都是老(先存)断层带新活动而导致地震的构造带.笔者通过多年的研究发现,还存在新构造时期(N-Q)才产生的断层带或地震构造带.揭示出唐山-河间-磁县、庙西北-黄河口和腾冲-耿马-澜沧等几条新生地震构造带.由... 相似文献
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Gianni Bressan Carla Barnaba Pierluigi Bragato Maurizio Ponton Andrea Restivo 《Journal of Seismology》2018,22(6):1563-1578
The study is focusing on the stress and strain inversions from focal mechanisms in a revised seismotectonic zonation of northeastern Italy and western Slovenia. The recent increase of monitoring capability of the local seismic network, the updated geological-structural model of the area, and the novelties emerged from studies on the spatial organization of the seismicity allowed a redefinition of the seismotectonic zones. The stress and strain tensors inversion is inferred from 203 focal mechanisms, corresponding to earthquakes occurred between 1984 and 2016 with coda-duration magnitude range from 2.0 to 5.6. The inverted stress domains reveal an articulated picture of the interaction of the Adria microplate with the Eurasian plate. A dominant strike-slip stress field characterizes the eastern part of the area, while the seismotectonic zones of the central part are undergoing to thrusting regime. The stress pattern inferred in the western part of the study area outlines a complex picture with prevailing strike-slip regime and dominant compression only in a seismotectonic zone. The comparison of stress and strain tensor orientations evidences a relative uniformity of the crustal strength in the eastern and northwestern zones of the study area. The central and western zones appear to be characterized by planes of mechanical weakness not favorably oriented for failure with respect to the stress tensor. 相似文献
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The seismotectonic characteristics of 1983–1984, 1993 and 2005 swarms in Andaman Sea are analysed. These swarms are characterised
by their typical pulsating nature, oval shaped geometry and higher b values. The migration path of the swarms from north to south along the Andaman Spreading Ridge is documented. While the first
two swarms are located along existing mapped rift segments, the 2005 swarm appears to have generated a new rift basin along
8°N. The analysis and supporting evidences suggest that these swarms were generated by intruding magmatic dyke along the weak
zones in the crust, followed by rifting, spreading and collapse of rift walls. CMT solutions for 2005 swarm activity indicate
that intrusion of magmatic dyke in the crustal weak zone is documented by earthquakes showing strike slip solution. Subsequent
events with normal fault mechanism corroborate the rift formation, collapse and its spreading. 相似文献
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断层活动不是孤立的，一条断层的活动可能影响其他断层，并引起这些断层的活动，这些相互作用的断层称为关联断层.本文利用卫星热红外信息以南北地震构造带为例，分析了关联断层活动的时空变化，所使用的信息是经过处理的地表亮温残差低频分量TLOW.结果表明，在一定时段内研究区一些断层间除地震活动表现出相互呼应关系外，其地表亮温残差低频分量TLOW曲线相似，相关系数高，说明热红外信息与地震信息共同反映一个地区断层的关联活动.此外，也存在单独由地表亮温残差低频分量TLOW相关表现断层关联活动的情形，即断层间无地震活动的呼应关系，但也存在TLOW曲线的相关性，同样显示关联断层的相互作用.对TLOW的时空过程分析表明，关联活动组合可随时间发生变化.例如，1988～1994年间红河断裂与澜沧-耿马断裂、金沙江断裂等构成关联活动组合，1994～1998年又与小金河断裂、安宁河-小江断裂构成关联活动组合，这样的时空变化过程可能是地壳应力场重新分配的反映.本文的研究结果证明，卫星热红外信息有望成为研究断层相互作用的一个新的独立物理量，并将对地震动力学和构造物理学的发展有重要意义. 相似文献
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M. Terrier J.L. Blès P. Godefroy† P. Dominique M. Bour C. Martin 《Journal of Seismology》2000,4(3):215-230
The seismotectonic zonation of Metropolitan France(part 1) and the derived seismic zonation (part 2)were carried out in order to facilitate andstandardize the application of earthquake-resistantbuilding regulations to critical facilities forreasons of environmental protection (Decree No.91-461, Ministerial Order dated 10 May 1993).According to current French legislation, adeterministic approach was adopted for the executionof these two successive zonations.The seismotectonic zonation is based on aseismotectonic analysis that included the followingstages: (1) collection and selection of base data(inherited tectonic structures, recent to contemporarydeformation and stress fields, seismicity); (2)comparison of the base data, interpretation andconstruction of a seismotectonic schema; (3) synthesisand compilation of the seismotectonic zonation.The zonation incorporates three types ofseismotectonic unit: faults or seismogenic structures,seismogenic structure systems and seismotectonicdomains. Reference earthquakes, corresponding to thestrongest known events, are associated with eachseismotectonic unit.The derived seismic zonation (see part 2) for theapplication of the legislation to critical facilitiesconstitutes an addendum, from a regulatory standpoint,to the `Nouveau zonage sismique de la France',developed in 1986 by Despeyroux and Godefroy for theapplication of earthquake-resistant buildingregulations to constructions at `normal risk'. 相似文献
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