共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 658 毫秒
1.
Joint use of observations from multiple global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is advantageous in high-accuracy positioning. However, systematic errors in the observations can significantly impact on the positioning accuracy if such errors cannot be properly mitigated. The errors can distort least squares estimations and also affect the results of variance component estimation that is frequently used to determine the stochastic model when observations from multiple GNSS are used. We present an approach that is based on the concept of semiparametric estimation for mitigating the effects of the systematic errors. Experimental results based on both simulated and real GNSS datasets show that the approach is effective, especially when applied before carrying out variance component estimation. 相似文献
2.
Phase center modeling for LEO GPS receiver antennas and its impact on precise orbit determination 总被引：12，自引：5，他引：7
Adrian Jäggi R. Dach O. Montenbruck U. Hugentobler H. Bock G. Beutler 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(12):1145-1162
Most satellites in a low-Earth orbit (LEO) with demanding requirements on precise orbit determination (POD) are equipped with
on-board receivers to collect the observations from Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning
System (GPS). Limiting factors for LEO POD are nowadays mainly encountered with the modeling of the carrier phase observations,
where a precise knowledge of the phase center location of the GNSS antennas is a prerequisite for high-precision orbit analyses.
Since 5 November 2006 (GPS week 1400), absolute instead of relative values for the phase center location of GNSS receiver
and transmitter antennas are adopted in the processing standards of the International GNSS Service (IGS). The absolute phase
center modeling is based on robot calibrations for a number of terrestrial receiver antennas, whereas compatible antenna models
were subsequently derived for the remaining terrestrial receiver antennas by conversion (from relative corrections), and for
the GNSS transmitter antennas by estimation. However, consistent receiver antenna models for space missions such as GRACE
and TerraSAR-X, which are equipped with non-geodetic receiver antennas, are only available since a short time from robot calibrations.
We use GPS data of the aforementioned LEOs of the year 2007 together with the absolute antenna modeling to assess the presently
achieved accuracy from state-of-the-art reduced-dynamic LEO POD strategies for absolute and relative navigation. Near-field
multipath and cross-talk with active GPS occultation antennas turn out to be important and significant sources for systematic
carrier phase measurement errors that are encountered in the actual spacecraft environments. We assess different methodologies
for the in-flight determination of empirical phase pattern corrections for LEO receiver antennas and discuss their impact
on POD. By means of independent K-band measurements, we show that zero-difference GRACE orbits can be significantly improved
from about 10 to 6 mm K-band standard deviation when taking empirical phase corrections into account, and assess the impact
of the corrections on precise baseline estimates and further applications such as gravity field recovery from kinematic LEO
positions. 相似文献
3.
Potentialities of multifrequency ionospheric correction in Global Navigation Satellite Systems 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The first-order ionospheric error is reduced in the dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). In this paper,
the possibility of eliminating ionospheric higher-order errors in the multifrequency GNSS is explored. Since the second-order
error associated with the geomagnetic field effect on the refractive index can be eliminated in dual-frequency measurements,
we explore the possibility of eliminating third-order errors in triple-frequency GNSS in view of phase scintillations. A connection
between the possibility of improving the multifrequency GNSS accuracy and diffraction effects in radio signal propagation
through the randomly inhomogeneous ionosphere is shown. The numerical simulation has revealed that the systematic, residual
ionospheric error is considerably reduced when we pass on from dual-frequency to triple-frequency measurements. The change
in the residual error variance during such a transition depends however on the relationship between the inner scale of the
turbulent spectrum of ionospheric irregularities and the Fresnel radius. Given the inner scale larger than the Fresnel radius,
not only the systematic error, but also the standard deviation reduces when we pass on from dual-frequency to triple-frequency
measurements. Otherwise, when the Fresnel radius exceeds the inner scale, the variance increases with increasing number of
frequencies in use. 相似文献
4.
5.
Systematic differences between VTEC obtained by different space-geodetic techniques during CONT08 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The ionosphere is a dispersive medium for microwaves, and most space-geodetic techniques using two or more signal frequencies
can be applied to extract information on ionospheric parameters, including terrestrial as well as satellite-based GNSS, DORIS,
altimetry, and VLBI. Because of their different sensitivity regarding ionization, their different spatial and temporal data
distribution, and their different signal paths, a joint analysis of all observation types seems reasonable and promises the
best results for ionosphere modeling. However, it has turned out that there exist offsets between ionospheric observations
of the diverse techniques mainly caused by calibration uncertainties or model errors. Direct comparisons of the information
from different data types are difficult because of the inhomogeneous measurement epochs and locations. In the approach presented
here, all measurements are combined into one ionosphere model of vertical total electron content (VTEC). A variance component
estimation is applied to take into account the different accuracy levels of the observations. In order to consider systematic
offsets, a constant bias term is allowed for each observation group. The investigations have been performed for the time interval
of the CONT08 campaign (2 weeks in August 2008) in a region around the Hawaiian Islands. Almost all analyzed observation techniques
show good data sensitivity and are suitable for VTEC modeling in case the systematic offsets which can reach up to 5 TECU
are taken into account. Only the Envisat DORIS data cannot provide reliable results. 相似文献
6.
Mª Selmira Garrido Mª Clara de Lacy Ana Mª Rojas 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(9):880-896
The troposphere affects Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals due to the variability of the refractive index. Tropospheric delay is a function of the satellite elevation angle and the altitude of the GNSS receiver and depends on the atmospheric parameters. If the residual tropospheric delay is not modelled carefully a bias error will occur in the vertical component. In order to analyse the precise altimetric positioning based on a local active network, four scenarios in Southern Spain with different topographical, environmental, and meteorological conditions are presented, considering both favourable and non-favourable conditions. The use of surface meteorological observations allows us to take into account the tropospheric conditions instead of a standard atmosphere, but introduces a residual tropospheric bias which reduces the accuracy of precise GNSS positioning. Thus, with short observation times it is recommended not to estimate troposphere parameters, but to use an a priori model together with the standard atmosphere. The results confirm that it is possible to achieve centimetre-scale vertical accuracy and precision with real time kinematic positioning even with large elevation differences with respect to the nearest reference stations. These numerical results may be taken into consideration for improving the altimetric configuration of the local active network. 相似文献
7.
Xiaoji Niu Qijin Chen Quan Zhang Hongping Zhang Jieming Niu Kejie Chen Chuang Shi Jingnan Liu 《GPS Solutions》2014,18(2):231-242
Currently, we evaluate the positioning accuracy of GNSS mainly by providing statistical values that can represent the overall error level, such as CEP, RMS, 2DRMS, and maximum error. These are solid indicators of the general performance of the GNSS positioning. But some applications like GNSS/INS integrated system require a detailed analysis of the error characteristics and knowledge of the precise error model. This requirement necessitates the modeling of the error components of the GNSS positioning solutions. In our research, the Allan variance method is proposed to analyze the GNSS positioning errors, describe the error characteristics, and build the corresponding error models. Based on our research, four dominant noise terms are identified in the GNSS positioning solutions, that is, 1st order Gauss-Markov process, Gaussian white noise, random walk noise, and flicker noise, which indicates that white noise is not always enough and appropriate to model GNSS positioning errors for some applications. The results show that the Allan variance is a feasible and effective way to analyze the error characteristics of the GNSS positioning solutions. 相似文献
8.
系统研究了GNSS精密星历框架变化对GNSS相对定位以及网平差解算的影响.通过实验比较发现,在高精度GNSS相对定位中,若选择的地面参考框架与精密轨道参考框架不一致,则将给区域网基线解和网平差结果带来一定的系统性误差.对于高精度的定位解算而言,2000 km以上的基线需考虑地面参考基准与星历参考基准的一致性问题,否则将... 相似文献
9.
基于经验模态分解的GPS基线解算模型 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
非建模系统误差是影响高精度GPS基线解算精度的一个重要因素,文章给出基于经验模态分解的GPS基线解算模型,有效消弱系统误差对基线解的影响。在现有经验模态分解理论的基础上,定义经验模态分解的多尺度分解与重构结构,并由此给出基于经验模态的系统趋势分离模型,依据累积标准化模量的均值随尺度的变化确定系统误差与噪声分离尺度的选择标准。给出基于经验模态分解的GPS基线解算的技术路线,首先计算GPS相位双差观测方程的浮点解残差序列,分离出系统误差并用于修正GPS双差观测值,重新计算双差浮点解,采用Lambda算法固定整周模糊度,计算固定基线解,从而消弱系统误差对基线解算的影响,提高基线固定解的可靠性。并采用实测GPS数据验证模型,F-ratio指数与W-ratio指数表明系统误差消弱后,基线固定解可靠性得到明显提高,重新计算的残差序列表明系统误差得到很好的消弱。 相似文献
10.
R. J. Anderle 《Journal of Geodesy》1976,50(1):43-77
Doppler observations of Navy Navigation Satellites have been used to strengthen and extend many terrestrial geodetic networks.
The main sources of errors in positions determined from these observations are random error of observations, random and systematic
errors in satellite positions due to uncertainties in the gravity field, and biases in the coordinate system in which the
satellite ephemeris is given.
Effects of uncertainties in the gravity field on station coordinates computed with respect to a precise satellite ephemeris
are reduced to about 70 cm after 20 satellite passes are observed, but systematic effects prevent assurance that additional
observations will improve the accuracy further. A one part per million reduction in scale must be applied to positions computed
with the ephemeris to obtain agreement with terrestrial and other precise determinations of scale. The origin of the system
is coincident with the center of mass of the earth to 1 m accuracy but the polar axis may be tilted three to five meters at
the earth's surface with respect to coordinate systems upon which star catalogues are based. 相似文献
11.
考虑到全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)地震信号的非线性和非平稳性,利用一种多尺度多方向主成分分析(multiscale multiway principal component analysis,MSMPCA)去噪的完备总体经验模态分解(complete... 相似文献
12.
智能手机凭借其普遍性、便携性和低成本等优势,已成为大众用户导航与位置服务的主流终端载体,其多频多系统GNSS（global navigation satellite system）观测值的开放进一步激发了手机高精度定位的研究。然而,受限于消费级GNSS器件性能,手机卫星观测值呈现出信号衰减严重、伪距噪声大、粗差周跳多等问题;并且受城市复杂环境影响,手机GNSS定位的连续性、可靠性也难以保证。提出一种城市场景手机GNSS/ MEMS（micro-electro mechanical system）融合的车载高精度定位方案。首先,构建了速度约束的GNSS差分定位模型;然后,通过手机内置MEMS与车辆运动约束,在挑战环境下进行GNSS/MEMS融合精密定位。实验结果表明,在开阔和树荫场景下,速度约束方法可达到分米至米级定位精度,相比于常规方法分别提升了35.2%和78.9%;在高架场景下,GNSS/MEMS融合定位的精度和连续性均提升显著;在隧道场景下,MEMS推算位置累积误差约为2.5%。实验结果初步表明,手机GNSS具备开阔环境下的车道级定位能力,手机GNSS/MEMS融合可提升城市复杂环境下车载定位的精度和连续可用性。 相似文献
13.
A. El-Mowafy 《GPS Solutions》2014,18(4):553-561
A method is presented for real-time validation of GNSS measurements of a single receiver, where data from each satellite are independently processed. A geometry-free observation model is used with a reparameterized form of the unknowns to overcome rank deficiency of the model. The ionosphere error and non-constant biases such as multipath are assumed changing relatively smoothly as a function of time. Data validation and detection of errors are based on statistical testing of the observation residuals using the detection–identification–adaptation approach. The method is applicable to any GNSS with any number of frequencies. The performance of validation method was evaluated using multi-frequency data from three GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo) that span 3 days in a test site at Curtin University, Australia. Performance of the method in detection and identification of outliers in code observations, and detection of cycle slips in phase data were examined. Results show that the success rate vary according to precision of observations and their number as well as size of the errors. The method capability is demonstrated when processing four IOV Galileo satellites in a single-point-positioning mode and in another test by comparing its performance with Bernese software in detection of cycle slips in precise point-positioning processing using GPS data. 相似文献
14.
袁兴明 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(4):189-193,196
GNSS坐标在观测过程中受多方面因素影响,产生各种误差,存在一些波动变化,根据波动变化特征可以分析探测存在的信号。本文主要利用功率谱、小波谱和小波熵对GNSS原始、去趋势项、差分处理3种情况下时间序列进行分析,通过对比显示,小波谱和小波熵对于非平稳信号探测比功率谱分析能力强,GNSS时间序列存在一个趋势项和一个年周期信号。 相似文献
15.
目前,全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)已进入以GPS、GLONASS、BDS、Galileo四系统为代表的多系统并存的时代,多系统多频率观测值的综合应用极大地提升了GNSS的服务能力. GNSS自身的数据质量是取得高精度结果的先决条件之一,也是多系统精密定位随机模型构建的关键. 为避免码分多址和频分多址机制不同的影响,本文采用几何无关和M-W组合方法,基于科廷大学实测零基线数据对四系统的载波相位单差残差序列对比分析,并利用高度角随机模型中的正弦模型和指数模型对载波相位观测值精度随高度角变化建模,获得适用于不同系统不同频率观测值的随机模型. 实验分析表明,单差残差序列随高度角变化情况在不同系统不同频率表现出不同特性;Galileo系统L1、L2观测值精度相当,均在0.9 mm左右,其他系统则表现出L2精度比L1精度更差的性质. 高度角加权模型拟合结果表明,正弦模型和指数模型对GPS和Galileo系统的L1、L2精度序列拟合一致性较好,而BDS系统使用正弦模型拟合效果略差,GLONASS系统则不适合采用正弦模型评估L2观测值精度. 相似文献
16.
Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) is a potential precise positioning technique due to the advantages of the high accuracy in positioning after convergence and the low cost in operation. However, there are still challenges limiting its applications at present, such as the long convergence time, the low reliability, and the poor satellite availability and continuity in kinematic applications. In recent years, the achievements in the dual-frequency PPP have confirmed that its performance can be significantly enhanced by employing the slant ionospheric delay and receiver differential code bias (DCB) constraint model, and the multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data. Accordingly, we introduce the slant ionospheric delay and receiver DCB constraint model, and the multi-GNSS data in SF-PPP modular together. In order to further overcome the drawbacks of SF-PPP in terms of reliability, continuity, and accuracy in the signal easily blocking environments, the inertial measurements are also adopted in this paper. Finally, we form a new approach to tightly integrate the multi-GNSS single-frequency observations and inertial measurements together to ameliorate the performance of the ionospheric delay and receiver DCB-constrained SF-PPP. In such model, the inter-system bias between each two GNSS systems, the inter-frequency bias between each two GLONASS frequencies, the hardware errors of the inertial sensors, the slant ionospheric delays of each user-satellite pair, and the receiver DCB are estimated together with other parameters in a unique Kalman filter. To demonstrate its performance, the multi-GNSS and low-cost inertial data from a land-borne experiment are analyzed. The results indicate that visible positioning improvements in terms of accuracy, continuity, and reliability can be achieved in both open-sky and complex conditions while using the proposed model in this study compared to the conventional GPS SF-PPP. 相似文献
17.
把GNSS双差定姿模型推广到km级短基线精密解算。指出常用的GNSS双差定姿模型存在几何上的系统偏差,该系统偏差严重影响km级基线的精密定位解算。提出了修正该系统偏差的方法,并把修正量加入定位模型,提高了模型的精确程度。采用两组实验数据分别对修正前和修正后的模型进行比较,验证了改进效果。 相似文献
18.
As a first step towards studying the ionosphere with the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), leveling the phase to the code geometry-free observations on an arc-by-arc basis yields the ionospheric observables, interpreted as a combination of slant total electron content along with satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCB). The leveling errors in the ionospheric observables may arise during this procedure, which, according to previous studies by other researchers, are due to the combined effects of the code multipath and the intra-day variability in the receiver DCB. In this paper we further identify the short-term temporal variations of receiver differential phase biases (DPB) as another possible cause of leveling errors. Our investigation starts by the development of a method to epoch-wise estimate between-receiver DPB (BR-DPB) employing (inter-receiver) single-differenced, phase-only GNSS observations collected from a pair of receivers creating a zero or short baseline. The key issue for this method is to get rid of the possible discontinuities in the epoch-wise BR-DPB estimates, occurring when satellite assigned as pivot changes. Our numerical tests, carried out using Global Positioning System (GPS, US GNSS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, Chinese GNSS) observations sampled every 30 s by a dedicatedly selected set of zero and short baselines, suggest two major findings. First, epoch-wise BR-DPB estimates can exhibit remarkable variability over a rather short period of time (e.g. 6 cm over 3 h), thus significant from a statistical point of view. Second, a dominant factor driving this variability is the changes of ambient temperature, instead of the un-modelled phase multipath. 相似文献
19.
在GNSS高精度数据处理中,卫星钟差往往是决定结果精度的核心因素之一。采用20 Hz的双频观测数据对GNSS星载原子钟0.05~100 s平滑时间下的短期稳定性进行分析,通过星间单差的方法消除接收机钟差,采用无电离层组合及夜间观测避免电离层高阶项短期变化的影响,同时采用经验模型和映射函数来进行对流层延迟改正。通过Lag 1自相关函数分析了影响GNSS卫星钟稳定性的主要噪声类型,并使用阿伦方差计算分析GPS、GLONASS及BDS各自系统内不同卫星组合之间的钟差。结果表明,GPS、GLONASS及BDS系统钟差稳定性0.05秒稳均可达到10-10量级,秒稳可达10-11量级。可以认定,GPS、GLONASS及BDS在短期内的稳定性量级相当,从而验证了基于星间单差的BDS掩星数据处理方案的可行性。 相似文献
20.
GNSS卫星精密轨道是高精度GNSS应用的基础与前提,GNSS卫星精密定轨技术也一直都是卫星导航领域的研究重点与热点。本文首先介绍了GNSS星座与跟踪数据概况,梳理了精密定轨函数模型、动力学模型及随机模型构建过程中的关键问题,归纳了低轨星载观测和星间链路观测等多源数据增强GNSS精密定轨的研究进展;然后,从应用的角度总结了当前GNSS精密轨道产品的基本状态,并进行了精度评估;最后,讨论了GNSS精密定轨在大网快速解算、多层次观测数据融合、太阳光压模型精化及高精度实时定轨等方面所面临的挑战,并展望了低轨星座、光钟、激光链路等新技术给GNSS精密定轨带来的机遇。 相似文献