共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
有机污染物在垃圾填埋场复合衬垫中有两种不同的运移方式:土工膜上缺陷处污染物的运移和完好复合衬垫中污染物的扩散。文章分别用有限差分法和解析法对两种方式下污染物的累积量进行计算,分析了两种方式对有机污染物运移所做的贡献。研究表明:GCL(人工合成材料粘土衬垫)复合衬垫以有机污染物在完好复合衬垫中的扩散为主,可以忽略缺陷处污染物的运移;而CCL(压实黏土衬垫)复合衬垫中两种运移方式所做的贡献在同一数量级,需要考虑两种方式的共同作用。在GCL复合衬垫下铺设粘土层能有效改善GCL复合衬垫对有机污染物的阻止效果。 相似文献
2.
有机污染物在完好复合衬垫中的迁移分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在复合衬垫中,有机污染物除了在土工膜缺陷处发生迁移外,在完好土工膜中的迁移也是主要方式。考虑有机污染物在土工膜边界处的浓度跳跃现象,建立了有机污染物在完好复合衬垫中迁移的一维模型,得到了解析解。通过与有限差分解的比较,验证了解答的合理性。应用该解答分析了GCL复合衬垫和CCL复合衬垫防止有机污染物渗漏的效果。结果表明,CCL复合衬垫的效果较好,可以通过黏土改性和增加黏土厚度的方法来提高其有效性。有机污染物类型的选择对GCL复合衬垫的分析结果影响较大,而阻滞系数的变化对分析结果影响较小。 相似文献
3.
为验证土工合成黏土衬垫（Geosynthetic Clay Liners,GCL）作为煤矸石处置场衬垫层建设材料的可行性,采用垂直式双筒扩散装置进行室内扩散试验,研究了煤矸石淋滤液中典型污染物Zn2+、Mn2+和SO42-在人工钠化膨润土GCL中的扩散性能,使用有限层法模拟软件POLLUTE V7对污染物随时间变化的曲线进行拟合,确定3种污染物在人工钠化膨润土GCL中的扩散系数。研究结果表明,污染物在GCL中的扩散系数低于它们在传统压实黏土衬垫层中的扩散系数,从而能更有效地控制煤矸石淋滤液中污染物在GCL中的扩散迁移行为。 相似文献
4.
垃圾填埋场复合衬垫剪切特性单剪试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对垃圾填埋工程中复合衬垫的界面抗剪特性,利用改进的叠环式单剪仪,对由砂土-无纺型土工布-土工网格-土工膜-夯实粘土组成复合衬垫进行了整体剪切试验研究。重点讨论了复合衬垫整体单剪试验的应力-位移曲线、相同剪切应力下各个界面的位移大小与变化特征和强度特性。研究结果表明：复合衬垫整体单剪试验的应力-位移曲线在低法向应力试验中没有呈现明显的软化特征,在高法向应力试验中有硬化现象;随法向应力增加剪切破坏面会发生转移;目前常用的把复合衬垫拆分为单个界面进行研究来确定最危险界面的方法不能够正确地反映填埋场中的复合衬垫在加载过程中的衬垫单元的实际受压变形情况和在剪切变形过程中最危险破坏面转移的情况;复合衬垫界面的抗剪强度包线呈现双曲线性质。 相似文献
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适合国情的垃圾填埋场衬垫系统 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
发达国家填埋场衬垫标准不适合我国国情。本文根据作者的研究成果及国内外有关研究资料 ,初步研究出了六种适合国情的垃圾填埋场衬垫系统 ,并对有关问题进行了讨论 相似文献
7.
针对非等温分布条件下由土工膜(geomembrane,简称GMB)+土工复合膨润土衬垫(geosynthetic clay liner,简称GCL)+压实黏土衬垫(compacted clay liner,简称CCL)组成的3层复合衬垫中有机污染物一维瞬态运移问题,考虑了对流、扩散、机械弥散、吸附、降解和热扩散等因素,建立了相应的数学模型。该模型可考虑扩散系数和渗透系数等参数随温度变化。利用有限差分法,获得了该模型的数值解。通过将所建模型计算结果分别与试验结果、已有解析模型计算结果和COMSOL软件计算结果进行对比,验证了所建模型的正确性。基于所定义的击穿时间tb,以甲苯作为代表性有机污染物分析和讨论了不同因素对运移行为的影响。结果表明：(1)非等温分布条件会使渗透系数、扩散系数和线性吸附系数等参数发生变化,其中渗透系数和扩散系数的变化会加快运移过程,尤其是扩散系数,而线性吸附系数的变化会减慢运移速率;(2)复合衬垫上部和底部温度差ΔT的增大会使击穿时间tb减小,底部运移通量Jb增大;当ΔT为0、10、20、30、40 ... 相似文献
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垃圾填埋场中渗滤液的作用可能对压实黏土衬垫及地基土的力学性质产生一定的影响,但目前研究成果存在矛盾之处。以CaCl2溶液和苯酚溶液作为渗滤液中无机和有机污染物的代表,对添加10%钠基膨润土的压实黏土进行力学性质的试验研究。结果表明,(1)两种模拟渗滤液的作用使土的压缩性增强,抗剪强度降低。(2)苯酚对压实黏土力学性质的影响更为显著,不排水强度约为自来水和0.05mol·L-1CaCl2溶液的55%。(3)土样初始孔隙比相同时,溶液作用下扩散双电层变薄造成孔隙变大,可能是产生这种现象的主要原因。(4)模拟渗滤液的作用对压实黏土衬垫及地基土具有不利的影响。 相似文献
10.
压实粘土衬垫是填埋场等环境岩土工程中常用的屏障材料,其表面的干燥裂隙可能对衬垫的有效性有一定的影响。将整个衬垫分为受裂隙影响的表面土层和不受裂隙影响的下部土层两部分,把饱和渗透系数和裂隙扩展深度看作随机变量,采用蒙特卡洛法分析衬垫底部污染物相对浓度和通量的概率特征。研究表明,由于衬垫底部出现高浓度（接近于1）的概率较大,这个浓度区间可能比相对浓度的均值高很多,对周围环境污染有较大的威胁,因此确定性方法得到的结果存在较大的风险;考虑表面裂隙导致渗透系数的增大,得到的结果更为合理;保证衬垫足够的厚度可以降低表面裂隙土层饱和渗透系数的变化对衬垫防渗效果的影响;将两层土的渗透系数看作独立随机变量,得到的结果偏于安全。 相似文献
11.
This paper gathered available flow and transport solutions and used them for two composite liners, consisting of geomembrane
(GM) overlying either a compacted clay liner (CCL) or a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL). Its aim is to provide a guiding framework
for the possible choices of (a) approaches to bottom liner design, (b) respective analytical solutions to flow and transport
equations, as well as (c) parameters required for each type of solution. On the basis of the obtained results, the following
recommendations are made. When the goal of analysis is to determine material equivalency, leachate flow rate is an adequate
key parameter for GM-CCL composite liners. For GM-GCL composite liners, it is necessary to compute contaminant concentration
or mass flux, considering (a) transport through defects for inorganic contaminants and (b) diffusion and the contribution
of any available attenuation layer for organic contaminants. When the goal of analysis is to assess impact to groundwater,
it is advised to calculate both discharge rate and contaminant mass flux regardless of liner type. The critical parameter
for the transport calculations is the retardation factor of the contaminant, for the case of CCLs, while the results for GCLs
are much less sensitive to this parameter. 相似文献
12.
防渗工程中土工膜的褶皱现象普遍存在,然而目前关于土工膜界面剪切特性的研究大都忽略了褶皱的影响。以糙面土工膜（GM）和针刺钠基膨润土防水毯（GCL）组成的复合衬里为研究对象,利用水化变形试验证实两步水化法能有效地加速含褶皱GM+GCL复合衬里的水化步骤,使用大尺寸温控水浴直剪仪对含褶皱GM+GCL复合衬里的剪切特性进行了试验研究。通过将含褶皱GM+GCL复合衬里的剪切特性与无褶皱复合衬里进行对比分析,揭露了GM褶皱对复合衬里剪切特性的影响机制。GM褶皱的存在使得GM+GCL复合衬里的剪切应力-位移曲线产生较大差异,并使得低压下复合衬里的抗剪强度明显降低。GM褶皱使复合衬里产生明显的渐进破坏效应,复合衬里内部能出现多种破坏模式共存的现象。 相似文献
13.
Saravanan Mariappan Masashi Kamon Faisal Haji Ali Takeshi Katsumi Tomoyuki Akai Toru Inui Masaki Nishimura 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(5):881-898
This paper addresses the study conducted on the performance of landfill liner interface parameters. Interface shear strength
parameters for various combinations of 9 different lining materials were studied and presented in this paper. This comprehensive
testing program covers the interfaces between: (1) soil and compacted clay liner (CCL), (2) geomembrane (HDPEs or PVC) and
soil, (3) geosynthetic clay liner (GCL)/CCL and soil, (4) geomembrane and geotextile, (5) geotextile and soil, (6) geotextile
and GCL/CCL, and (7) geomembrane and GCL/CCL. The experiments were conducted for both at dry or optimum moisture condition
and at saturated or wet condition. The interface performance under both conditions were compared to access the material performances.
Tabulated summaries of interface test data under dry or optimum moisture condition (OMO) and saturated or wet condition are
presented in the paper. 相似文献
14.
An analytical model for vapor‐phase volatile organic compound diffusion through landfill composite covers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Haijian Xie Huaxiang Yan Hywel R. Thomas Shijin Feng Qihua Ran Peixiong Chen 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(13):1827-1843
One‐dimensional mathematical models for vapor‐phase volatile organic compound (VOC) diffusion through composite cover barriers are presented. An analytical solution to the model was obtained by the method of separation of variables. The results obtained by the proposed solution agree well with those obtained by a numerical analysis. Based on the proposed analytical model, the VOC breakthrough curves of five different composite covers are compared. The effects of degree of saturation of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) or compacted clay liner (CCL) on VOC migration in the composite covers are then presented. Results show that the composite cover barriers provide much better diffusion barriers for VOC than the single CCL. The top surface steady‐state flux for a composite barrier, consisting of a 1.5 mm geomembrane (GM) and a 20 cm CCL, can be 8.3 times lower than that for a 30 cm CCL. The surface steady‐state flux for the case with (1.5 mm GM + 6 mm GCL) was found to be 2.3 times lower than that for the case with (1.5 mm GM + 20 cm CCL). The degree of saturation Sr of the CCL has a great influence on VOC migration in composite covers when Sr is larger than 0.5. The steady‐state flux at the surface of GM for the case with Sr = 0.7 can be 1.8 times lower than that for the case with Sr = 0.2. The proposed analytical model is relatively simple and can be used for verification of complicated numerical models, analysis of experimental data and performance assessment of composite cover barriers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Ping Yang Muchen Wang Youlong Zhang Li Song Shijin Feng Shoubao Xue 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(1):10
The transport process of nZnO in geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), an anti-seepage material used in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, under different seepage temperature conditions was conducted. The transport behavior of nZnO in GCL was analyzed. Results showed that the retardation performance of current GCL used in MSW landfills anti-seepage system against nZnO pollutants was poor. nZnO successfully permeated the GCL and entered external soil–groundwater environment, posing health threats to the life of organisms. Although seepage temperature exerted a small effect on nZnO suspension leakage volume, change in seepage temperature affects the mass of transported nZnO in GCL by redispersion of nZnO in suspension. As the seepage temperature increases, the mass of nZnO that permeated the GCL increases, reaching a maximum at 50 °C, and then decreases. 相似文献
16.
An improved simple shear apparatus for GCL internal and interface stress-displacement measurements 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) have been widely used as a hydraulic barrier along with HDPE geomembrane (GM) in landfills. Both the internal and interface strengths of GCLs are very important for evaluating landfill stability. An improved simple shear apparatus used in this study does not force the shear failure to occur along a pre-determined plane. The composite specimens can fail along any interface or through shearing of the GCL internally. The displacement of each component of the specimen can also be measured during the tests. When non-woven geotextile side contacts textured GM (NWGT/GMX) and woven geotextile side contacts compacted clay layer (WGT/CCL) for a dry GCL, the failure interface can change from NWGT/GMX interface to WGT/CCL interface with the increases of the normal stresses. Conversely, when woven geotextile side contacts textured GM (WGT/GMX) and non-woven geotextile side contacts compacted clay layer (NWGT/CCL) for a dry GCL, the failure always occurs at the WGT/GMX interface for all applied normal stresses. The internal failure of the GCL did not occur when the normal stress increased up to 1,500 kPa for the GCL in dry condition. 相似文献
17.
分析了运移参数的变化对GCL中污染物运移的影响。从衬垫底部浓度比、对流和扩散通量、污染物累积运移量等方面,对污染物在GCL中的运移进行了计算。结果表明,减小渗透系数和扩散系数可以有效减缓衬垫底部浓度比的增加速度。渗透系数对对流通量的大小、扩散通量的变化速度的影响较大;扩散系数主要影响最大扩散通量。当渗透系数较大时,可以忽略扩散累积运移量,用对流累积运移量代替总累积运移量引起的误差很小。当渗透系数较小时,忽略扩散运移量可能产生较大的误差,尤其是在扩散系数也较大的情况下误差更加明显。 相似文献
18.
The migration of contaminants through a 2.9 m thick compacted clay liner (CCL) for a landfill leachate lagoon is examined 14 years after construction. The clay liner formed the lower portion of the composite liner system but the geomembrane (GM) was found to have defects that had allowed leachate to migrate between the GM and CCL. Chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium pore water profiles through the CCL are examined. It is shown that chloride migrated approximately 1.7 m into the CCL during the 14 years of the lagoon operation, sodium approximately 1.2 m, and potassium 0.7 m. Diffusion and sorption data from laboratory diffusion testing are utilized in combination with a finite layer contaminant transport model to predict field contaminant migration profiles through the composite liner system and to establish the time of ‘failure’ of the geomembrane at sometime between 0 and 6 years after installation. Relatively high sorptive uptake of potassium by the CCL soil is observed from batch testing and diffusion testing with field data suggesting an even larger amount of sorption. It is hypothesized that organic sludge matter at the base of the lagoon is responsible for potassium uptake from the leachate. This field case highlights the importance of the compacted clay liner as part of the composite liner system in acting as a diffusion barrier during the lifetime of the lagoon as well as using relatively non-conservative contaminants such as chloride and sodium to estimate geomembrane ‘failure’ times 相似文献
19.
水化后的土工织物黏土垫层(GCls)是良好的复合防渗材料,但同时表现出较低的抗剪强度特性。为改善水化后的GCls抗剪强度低的缺陷,拟采用取自天然并经人工调配的宽级配砾质土料代替黏土作为GCls防渗垫的保护层,共同构成复合防渗系统。文中利用TGH直剪摩擦拉伸仪对筛选出的宽级配砾质土及其与不同水化条件下的GCL接触面进行了试验研究,得到宽级配砾质土样及其与质量含水率分别为50%和完全水化的GCL接触面的抗剪强度试验数据并进行了整理分析。结果显示,宽级配砾质土样的抗剪强度大于其与不同水化条件下的GCL接触面的抗剪强度,且宽级配砾质土与GCL接触面的抗剪强度随GCL含水率的增加而减小。因此,可以根据外荷载作用下土中应力会发生扩散的原理,利用抗剪强度高和压缩性低的砾质土来承担部分甚至全部荷载,以弥补水化后的GCls抗剪强度低的缺陷。 相似文献