共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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4种常用植被指数的地形效应评估 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
植被指数已经广泛应用于地表植被覆盖监测,但是地形对植被指数的影响难以避免,却经常在大尺度遥感应用时被忽略。本文利用山区森林的Landsat TM数据计算SR、NDVI、RSR、MNDVI4种常用植被指数,评估了地形对这些植被指数的影响,并利用余弦校正和C校正模型分别对它们进行地形校正。结果表明,近红外和短波红外比红光波段的地形影响更为敏感,原因是更强的红光天空漫反射削弱了红光的地形影响。地形强烈影响非波段比值型植被指数(如RSR和MNDVI等),导致阳坡的植被指数相对偏小,阴坡的植被指数相对偏大,这种地形效应随坡度增大而显著增大。因此,利用非波段比值型植被指数反演山区植被参数时必须做严格的地形校正。与之相反,波段比值型植被指数(如SR和NDVI等)可以很大程度上消除地形影响,但是在大坡度情况下,地形影响仍然不能被忽略,而且此时SR比NDVI的地形效应更大。C地形校正效果好于余弦校正效果,特别是大坡度情况下更为明显。 相似文献
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全球地表覆盖遥感制图与关键技术研究项目要求对两个基准年度(2000年、2010年)全球30 m分辨率的多光谱遥感数据进行辐射处理和几何精纠正处理,为地表覆盖制图完成数据准备。数据以Landsat TM/ETM+为主,HJ-1A/B CCD数据为补充,共计2万多景影像需要进行辐射处理,有1000多景HJ-1A/B CCD影像需要几何精纠正。如此大规模的数据处理,自动化处理是必然的选择。本文介绍了HJ-1A/B CCD图像几何精纠正自动化实现中关键问题的解决方法和精度评价结果,Landsat TM/ETM+和HJ-1A/B CCD图像自动化辐射校正中关键问题的解决方法和精度评价结果,以及大规模的数据处理活动引发的一些思考。 相似文献
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本文提出一种新的半经验地形校正模型SCEDIL(Simple topographic Correction using Estimation of Diffuse Light),该模型通过结合DEM与光学影像数据寻找局部区域内完全光照和阴影的水平像元,并以光照、阴影水平像元的平均反射率值估算局部区域散射辐射比,提高了陡峭山区影像的地形校正精度。以高分一号卫星和Landsat ETM+影像为例,从目视判读和定量分析两个方面,比较分析该算法与传统半经验地形校正算法(C、SCS+C)的校正结果。结果表明:(1)对较为平坦的地形,SCEDIL和C、SCS+C校正都有较好的目视结果;对地面起伏较大的陡峭地形,C、SCS+C校正后,原阴影区域易呈现破碎化特征,SCEDIL校正后,原阴影区域过渡较为平滑。(2)SCEDIL校正后,各波段反射率的均值和标准差优于C、SCS+C校正,SCEDIL校正后,影像总分类精度与同类地物光谱信息均一性均优于C和SCS+C校正。SCEDIL半经验地形校正方法能有效地去除影像中的地形干扰,尤其对陡峭地形的校正效果,优于常规地形校正模型。 相似文献
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SCS+C地形辐射校正模型的应用分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对有森林覆盖的山区影像进行地形辐射校正时，基于太阳-冠层-传感器（SCS）几何关系的校正模型优于基于太阳-地形-传感器（STS）几何关系的模型。SCS校正模型解释了树木不依赖于地形、观测角和光照入射角而具有向地性生长的本质特性，但在某些地形区域，SCS与余弦校正同样存在过度校正的问题。为了解决这个问题，研究者在SCS校正模型中引入C校正系数来解释散射辐射项，提出了SCS+C校正模型。以北京密云Landsat 5影像为数据源，通过目视判别、直方图、定量的统计参数和地物光谱曲线对比等方法，对SCS+C校正模型与传统的余弦校正、C校正和SCS校正模型进行了对比。结果表明，4种方法均能在很大程度上消除地形阴影，更好地反映阴影区域的细节信息； 从总体的光谱特性保真程度来说，余弦和SCS校正都因过度校正问题表现较差，SCS+C校正最好，C校正次之。 相似文献
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在国土资源监测、森林资源调查等多个领域中,基于遥感影像的分类技术受到了广泛应用。在利用传统分类器对地表覆盖分类提取中,地形效应是制约分类精度提升的一种因素,其影响可通过适当的校正模型减弱,且已证明地形校正能够对分类精度的提升起到积极作用。相比于传统分类器,基于深度学习理论的深度神经网络分类器具有深层特征学习和表达的优势,在图像分类领域兴起并逐渐用于土地覆盖分类且取得了不错的精度提升。本文初步探究了地形校正在利用深度神经网络分类器U-Net进行地表覆盖分类时对分类精度的影响情况。以Landsat 8 OLI 30 m影像为数据源,结合GDEM_V2 30 m地形数据,在GlobeLand 30和全国30 m森林分类结果的基础上,利用U-Net深度神经网络分类器实现了山区地表覆盖分类提取,并就不同训练样本获取方式及不同精细程度分类体系下地形校正前后的分类精度做了对比分析。分类结果表明：（1）规则网格裁切和坡向辅助裁切这两种训练样本获取方式下,地形校正后的分类精度较校正前不变或有极小幅度的降低,降低范围在0.9%—1.39%;（2）在对更精细的森林类型分类中,地形校正后的分类精度较校正前下降了1.66%。本文初步探究得到：在规则网格裁切和坡向辅助裁切这两种训练样本获取方式及不同精细程度的分类体系下,地形校正均未能提高U-Net深度神经网络分类器的分类精度。 相似文献
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地形校正可以削弱地势复杂区域由于地形起伏导致的地表接收太阳辐射不均匀和地表反射率失真的问题,从而提升遥感影像质量和遥感信息提取的精度。但是,现有地形校正模型存在过校正、波段间校正效果不稳定以及校正效果不理想等问题。本文根据Minnaert地形校正模型系数k和地物二向性反射特性的相关性,对Minnaert模型进行改进,提出了一种考虑地物类型的Minnaert地形校正模型(简称为CMinnaert模型),并在地物预分类中采用《土地利用现状分类》一级分类标准和分植被疏密程度分类两种方式,用以验证CMinnaert模型的稳定性并筛选最佳地物类型划分方案。首先对待校正影像进行地物类型预分类,其次逐波段针对各地物类型分别进行系数k的拟合求解,然后使用各波段各地物类型的系数k对该范围的遥感影像进行Minnaert地形校正。以河南省商城县的Landsat 8/OLI影像为实验数据,选取余弦校正模型、SCS校正模型、Minnaert校正模型、分坡度的Minnaert校正模型作为对比模型,通过目视对比和统计数据分析的方式评估CMinnaert模型的地形校正效果。研究结果表明,本文提出的CMinnaert模型有效地削弱了地形效应对遥感影像辐射亮度值的影响,与原始影像和其他4种地形校正结果相比,进行地物一级分类的CMinnaert模型有效降低了各波段辐亮度与太阳入射角余弦的线性拟合R2,未出现过校正现象;分植被疏密程度分类的CMinnaert模型在第1、5波段存在过校正问题,但其余波段辐亮度与太阳入射角余弦的线性拟合R2是6种模型中最低的。以上结果证明两种地物预分类方式的CMinnaert模型校正效果都较稳定且明显优于其他四种地形校正模型,且本文建议在进行CMinnaert地形校正时采用地物一级分类的方式进行地物预分类。 相似文献
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全球地表覆盖遥感制图与关键技术研究项目要求对两个基准年度(2000年,2010年)的全球覆盖30 m分辨率遥感数据进行辐射处理,转换到地表反射率,数据以Landsat TM/ETM+为主,HJ-1A/B CCD数据为补充。海量数据中有些不适宜进行绝对大气校正,为了保证全球覆盖,对这些数据设计开发了一套自动的相对辐射处理及精度验证流程算法,利用相邻数据重叠区域进行相对辐射校正的方式,将数据由Oigital Number(DN)值直接转换为地表反射率,精度验证以MODIS地表反射率产品MOD09GA作为参考,比较对应波段数据的相对一致性,算法采用了图像分块处理技术及OpenMP加速技术提高效率,实际应用结果表明该算法流程可以满足项目对辐射处理精度、速度及自动化程度的要求。 相似文献
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在山地复杂地形条件下,利用热红外遥感获得的地表温度分布显著受到地形的影响,真实的地热异常信息往往难以识别,热红外遥感应用于山区地热勘探受到极大限制。以广东龙川地热勘查区为研究区,初步探讨了山地环境中如何抑制地形效应,以有效提取地热异常。首先,基于Landsat ETM+遥感数据反演地表温度,分析坡向和坡度两个地形因子与地表温度的关系;然后,在此基础上,将研究区的地表温度按坡向分成3个子区(阳坡、过渡坡和阴坡),根据阳坡地表温度与坡向的线性拟合关系将其校正到水平坡度上;最后,结合地质构造分布和地表覆被情况,在3个子区识别了4处地热异常,并与已知地热点进行比较验证。结果表明:坡向分区和阳坡坡度校正能够有效抑制地形效应,提高遥感地热异常识别精度,为山区地热资源的预测评价提供新思路。 相似文献
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Stijn Hantson Emilio Chuvieco 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
The recent free availability of Landsat historical data provides new potentials for land-cover change studies. Multi-temporal studies require a previous radiometric and geometric homogenization of input images, to better identify true changes. Topographic normalization is one of the key steps to create consistent and radiometricly stable multi-temporal time series, since terrain shadows change throughout time. This paper aims to evaluate different methods for topographic correction of Landsat TM-ETM+ data. They were assessed for 15 ETM+ images taken under different illumination conditions, using two criteria: (a) reduction of the standard deviation (SD) for different land-covers and (b) increase in temporal stability of a time series for individual pixels. We observed that results improve when land-cover classes where processed independently when applying the more advanced correction algorithms such as the C-correction and the Minnaert correction. Best results were obtaining for the C-correction and the empiric–statistic correction. Decreases of the SD for bare soil pixels were larger than 100% for the C-correction and the empiric–statistic correction method compared to the other correction methods in the visible spectrum and larger than 50% in the IR region. In almost all tests the empiric–statistic method provided better results than the C-correction. When analyzing the multi-temporal stability, pixels under bad illumination conditions (northern orientation) improved after correction, while a deterioration was observed for pixels under good illumination conditions (southern orientation). Taken this observation into account, a simple but robust method for topographic correction of Landsat imagery is proposed. 相似文献
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《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(3):345-370
Many data fusion methods are available, but it is poorly understood which fusion method is suitable for integrating Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and radar data for land cover classification. This research explores the integration of Landsat TM and radar images (i.e., ALOS PALSAR L-band and RADARSAT-2 C-band) for land cover classification in a moist tropical region of the Brazilian Amazon. Different data fusion methods—principal component analysis (PCA), wavelet-merging technique (Wavelet), high-pass filter resolution-merging (HPF), and normalized multiplication (NMM)—were explored. Land cover classification was conducted with maximum likelihood classification based on different scenarios. This research indicates that individual radar data yield much poorer land cover classifications than TM data, and PALSAR L-band data perform relatively better than RADARSAT-2 C-band data. Compared to the TM data, the Wavelet multisensor fusion improved overall classification by 3.3%-5.7%, HPF performed similarly, but PCA and NMM reduced overall classification accuracy by 5.1%-6.1% and 7.6%-12.7%, respectively. Different polarization options, such as HH and HV, work similarly when used in data fusion. This research underscores the importance of selecting a suitable data fusion method that can preserve spectral fidelity while improving spatial resolution. 相似文献
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Pre-processing of a sample of multi-scene and multi-date Landsat imagery used to monitor forest cover changes over the tropics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Catherine BodartHugh Eva René Beuchle Rastislav RašiDario Simonetti Hans-Jürgen StibigAndreas Brink Erik LindquistFrédéric Achard 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(5):555-563
In support to the Remote Sensing Survey of the global Forest Resource Assessment 2010, the TREES-3 project has processed more than 12,000 Landsat TM and ETM+ data subsets systematically distributed over the tropics. The project aims at deriving area estimates of tropical forest cover change for the periods 1990-2000-2005. The paper presents the pre-processing steps applied in an operational and robust manner to this large amount of multi-date and multi-scene imagery: conversion to top-of-atmosphere reflectance, cloud and cloud shadow detection, haze correction and image radiometric normalization. The results show that the haze correction algorithm has improved the visual appearance of the image and significantly corrected the digital numbers for Landsat visible bands, especially the red band. The impact of the normalization procedures (forest normalization and relative normalization) was assessed on 210 image pairs: in all cases the correlation between the spectral values of the same land cover in both images was improved. The developed automatic pre-processing chain provided a consistent multi-temporal data set across the tropics that will constitute the basis for an automatic object-based supervised classification. 相似文献
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Forest cover plays a key role in climate change by influencing the carbon stocks, the hydrological cycle and the energy balance. Forest cover information can be determined from fine-resolution data, such as Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). However, forest cover classification with fine-resolution data usually uses only one temporal data because successive data acquirement is difficult. It may achieve mis-classification result without involving vegetation growth information, because different vegetation types may have the similar spectral features in the fine-resolution data. To overcome these issues, a forest cover classification method using Landsat ETM+ data appending with time series Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data was proposed. The objective was to investigate the potential of temporal features extracted from coarse-resolution time series vegetation index data on improving the forest cover classification accuracy using fine-resolution remote sensing data. This method firstly fused Landsat ETM+ NDVI and MODIS NDVI data to obtain time series fine-resolution NDVI data, and then the temporal features were extracted from the fused NDVI data. Finally, temporal features combined with Landsat ETM+ spectral data was used to improve forest cover classification accuracy using supervised classifier. The study in North China region confirmed that time series NDVI features had significant effects on improving forest cover classification accuracy of fine resolution remote sensing data. The NDVI features extracted from time series fused NDVI data could improve the overall classification accuracy approximately 5% from 88.99% to 93.88% compared to only using single Landsat ETM+ data. 相似文献
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Landsat TM数据不同辐射校正方法对土地覆盖遥感分类的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文主要是探索Landsat TM数据不同辐射校正方法对土地覆盖遥感分类的影响。介绍了使用的3种不同辐射校正方法(ATCOR3、FLAASH以及查找表)和两种分类算法。在分类实验部分,根据样本的地理坐标在3景校正影像中分别采集训练样本并训练各自的分类器,并交叉用于其他辐射校正影像的土地覆盖遥感分类。实验结果表明:(1)用于分类器训练的样本采集自待分类影像时的分类精度明显高于采集自其他影像的分类精度;(2)3种辐射校正影像的分类结果存在差异,其中使用ATCOR3和FLAASH方法校正后影像的分类结果有更相近的精度;(3)辐射校正对分类类别的影响不同,其中对森林类型影响最大,对裸地等其他类别影响相对较小。 相似文献
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This study assesses the usefulness of Nigeriasat-1 satellite data for urban land cover analysis by comparing it with Landsat and SPOT data. The data-sets for Abuja were classified with pixel- and object-based methods. While the pixel-based method was classified with the spectral properties of the images, the object-based approach included an extra layer of land use cadastre data. The classification accuracy results for OBIA show that Landsat 7 ETM, Nigeriasat-1 SLIM and SPOT 5 HRG had overall accuracies of 92, 89 and 96%, respectively, while the classification accuracy for pixel-based classification were 88% for Landsat 7 ETM, 63% for Nigeriasat-1 SLIM and 89% for SPOT 5 HRG. The results indicate that given the right classification tools, the analysis of Nigeriasat-1 data can be compared with Landsat and SPOT data which are widely used for urban land use and land cover analysis. 相似文献
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用基于知识的决策树方法分层提取矿区土地类型——以湖北大冶为例 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以湖北大冶为研究区,采用多时相陆地卫星遥感图像,通过不同波段组合,以及ironoxide指数和归一化差异植被指数(NDVI)等,详细分析了各地表地物光谱特征和空间特征,建立了研究区分类知识库表,采用决策二叉树法进行分类,得到了高精度分类结果图。基于不同时相分类结果的变化检测,通过对研究区水体污染、矿区复垦、耕地变化等分析,认为从1986～2002年,研究区水质虽有一定改善,但矿区植被退化严重,耕地大量减少,停产矿区复垦仅为20%,为合理保护矿区生态环境和科学管理采矿企业提供了有用资料。 相似文献