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1.
中国热带第四纪动物群与气候波动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
About 70 examples of Quaternary fauna in China‘s tropics are enumerated in this paper. Of which about 40% of the examples can be found even in cooling stages, showing the smaller amplitude of climatic fluctuation during Quaternary. According to the temporal and spatial distribution of tropical faunas, the following characters of climate variation can be evidenced: two main cycles in Early Pleistocene, three main cycles in Middle Pleistocene, two main cycles in Late Pleistocene and Holocene Megathermal. The drop in temperature during the Latest Glacial Period and Neoglaciation has not endangered the existence of tropical faunas. With influence of cooling fluctuation during historical period, some faunas have removed southwards progressively, but disappearance of these animals in China‘s tropics was mainly the result of artificial factors. 相似文献
2.
中国热带第四纪动物群与气候波动 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国热带第四纪动物群的70多个实例约有40%出现在冷期,反映气候波动幅度较小.动物群的时空分布可以佐证早更新世气候波动的2个主旋回、中更新世的3个主旋回、晚更新世的2个主旋回和全新世大暖期.末次冰期和新冰期未曾危及热带动物群的生存.历史时期的冷波动使动物逐步南迁,但其绝迹主要是受人为因素影响. 相似文献
3.
中国热带珊瑚礁的第四纪气候记录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
珊瑚礁剖面的氧碳同位素、地球化学、造礁珊瑚生长带等分析结果表明,珊瑚礁记录了第四纪气候波动的基本轮廓.早更新世总体趋暖,但至少有4个旋回.中更新世总体趋冷,但至少有7个旋回.晚更新世气候剧烈波动,但总体变化为两个前暖后冷的旋回.全新世为回暖-升温-降温的波动.历史时期约1 700 a来有4个前冷后暖的旋回.近200 a的气候波动表现为前百年正距平,后百年以负距平为主,但总体趋暖. 相似文献
4.
The analysis results of oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes, geochemistry and the growth belt of reef coral etc. for some profiles of coral reef show that the basic pattern of climatic fluctuation during the Quaternary period can be reflected by coral reef. The trend of climate change was from cooling to warming during the Early Pleistocene with at least four cycles, and from warming to cooling with at least seven cycles during the Middle Pleistocene. The late Pleistocene is a period of the Quaternary which shows the most frequent variation of climate but generally two main cycles of warming–cooling can be seen. During the Holocene the climate went through a process of warming-rise in temperature-drop in temperature. During the historical period there were four cycles of cooling-warming at 1700 a BP. During the last 200 years climate change is characterized by two stages; a positive deviation in the former 100 years, and a negative deviation in the latter 100 years with general warming trend. 相似文献
5.
The coral reef in China’s tropics can be divided into three regions, namely, the South China Sea Islands, Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula as well as Taiwan Island. There are 34 islands of coral reef which are named in the South China Sea Islands … 相似文献
6.
China'stropicsliesintheregionsouthofabout24oN,occupyinganareaofabout51.85×104km2(5.4%ofChina).InChina,thistropicalregionisquiteclosetotheeasternandwesternconvergentboundariesbetweentwoplatessothatthegeomorphologicaleffectsofplatetectonicsaremoreobviousthanthoseinnorthernChina.Thisstudywillpresentsevenexamplesofappearanceofplatemovementingeomorphology.1ThesourceoftectonicforceTheregionofChina'stropicsundergoesconvergingattackfromeasternandwestern"fronts"ofplatemovement.Thewesternfrontofther… 相似文献
7.
夏代至清代约4000 a的历史时期,中国热带西部的气候波动比热带东部微弱。东部的5个冷期之中,周、战国至西汉、晋、唐末至南宋冷期,在西部仅有个别冷波动的实例,反而可以举出较多的暖波动现象。明清小冰期东、西部基本同步。东部的3个暖期(汉、唐、元明)在西部也有相应的表现。中国热带历史时期的冷波动与太阳活动的平静期有一定的相关。热带东、西部气候波动的差异,主要是由于东部受东亚季风的影响,而西部则受南亚季风的影响。 相似文献
8.
The eastern and western fronts of plate movement in Taiwan Island and Tibetan Plateau respectively are the two major sources of tectonic force for the morphogensis during Quaternary in China’s tropics. Seven examples of geomorphological effects of plate movement are enumerated to discuss the differentiation of tectonic landforms in space and time during Quaternary. The tectonic movement tends to be more active since middle Pleistocene. Some phenomena such as the arc-shape mountain systems, volcanism and crustal deformation imply that the juncture zone of eastern and western tectonic forces is located at about 110oE. 相似文献
9.
The eastern and western fronts of plate movement in Taiwan Island and Tibetan Plateau respectively are the two major sources
of tectonic force for the morphogensis during Quaternary in China’s tropics. Seven examples of geomorphological effects of
plate movement are enumerated to discuss the differentiation of tectonic landforms in space and time during Quaternary. The
tectonic movement tends to be more active since middle Pleistocene. Some phenomena such as the arc-shape mountain systems,
volcanism and crustal deformation imply that the juncture zone of eastern and western tectonic forces is located at about
110°E. 相似文献
10.
The eastern and western fronts of plate movement in Taiwan Island and Tibetan Plateau respectively are the two major sources of tectonic force for the morphogensis during Quaternary in China′s tropics. Seven examples of geomorphological effects of plate movement are enumerated to discuss the differentiation of tectonic landforms in space and time during Quaternary. The tectonic movement tends to be more active since middle Pleistocene. Some phenomena such as the arc-shape mountain systems, volcanism and crustal deformation imply that the juncture zone of eastern and western tectonic forces is located at about 1 1O°E. 相似文献
11.
China's tropics belongs to the humid tropical zone of Asian monsoon. The north boundary of China's tropics lies about 24oN but the eastern part of the boundary tends northwards and the western part tends southwards. The land area of China's tropics is 51.85×104 km2, accounting for 5.4% of the total land area of China and 28% of the total area of China's territory if the South China Sea is taken into account. During recent 100 years, based on the background of global changes, the climatic … 相似文献
12.
The temperature appeared rising trend during the 20th century in China's tropics.Two cooling stages and two warming stages in the process of climatic fluctuation can be recognized.After the 1980s the climate is the warmest which corresponds to the global change,but the warmest period is the 1940s in Kunming.The climate pattern mostly appears contemporaneity of warming and humidity,which is different from the situation of whole China.The natural disasters tend to be aggravated.The number of typhoons increased.Flood damages occurred frequently in the years of more typhoons.The number of droughts and cold damages increased.It was snowed in Guangzhou.There was frost in Haikou and Yaxian.Four years of heavy snow have been recorded in Kunming. 相似文献
13.
Michael F. Thomas 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2006,27(2):111-127
Historically, geomorphologists have applied uniformitarian principles based on a temperate normality to all water-worn landscapes. Isolation of tropical landforms within formal morphogenetic regions, which arose during the early history of the subject, has persisted. However, in a global geomorphology, plate tectonic motion, Milankovich cycles of climate change and invasive weather systems all render fixed climatic boundaries meaningless and, on every timescale of enquiry, interaction of the tropics with extra-tropical regions is fundamental. In tropical regions, the continuity of weathering processes through geologic time emphasizes their contemporary relevance and, with knowledge of Quaternary climate changes, increases understanding of the nature of landscape sensitivity and instability and fluvial sedimentation on millennial timescales. Examples are illustrated from northeast Queensland, Australia and northwest Kalimantan, Indonesia. Global concerns centred on hazards and resources need to be addressed through a reciprocal exchange of ideas involving greater focus on tropical areas. 相似文献
14.
The influence of monsoon climatic characteristics makes the tropics of China different from those of other parts of the world. Therefore, the location of the northern boundary of China's tropical zone has been one of the most controversial issues in the study of comprehensive physical regionalisation in China. This paper introduces developments in the study of the northern boundary of China's tropical zone, in which different scholars delimit the boundary with great differences based on different regionalisation objectives, indexes, and methods. The main divergence of opinion is found in different understandings of zonal vegetation, agricultural vegetation type, cropping systems, tropical soil type and tropical characteristics. In this study, we applied the Geo Detector model, which measures the spatial stratified heterogeneity, to validate the northern boundaries of the tropical zone delimited by six principal scholars. The results show that the mean q-statistic value of the higher latitude boundary delimited by Ren Mei'e is the largest(q=0.37), suggesting that, of the rival views, it best reflects the regional differences between China's tropical and subtropical zones, but it is not necessarily suitable for guiding the development of tropical agriculture. The mean values of the q-statistics of Zheng Du's line and Yu Xianfang's line around the Leizhou Peninsula at a lower latitude were smaller, at 0.10 and 0.08 respectively, indicating that the regional differences were smaller than those of Ren Mei'e's boundary. Against the background of global climate change, the climate itself is changing in fluctuation. It is, thus, worth our further research whether the northern boundary of the tropical zone should not be a fixed line but rather should fluctuate within a certain scope to reflect these changes. 相似文献
15.
淮河作为中国7大江河之一,有关其形成时代的研究相对匮乏且存在较大的争议。论文通过梳理淮河流域内已有的研究工作,综合层状地貌面和沉积地层记录探讨了淮河不同河段的形成时代。新生代期间,淮河流域内的水系曾经历2次较大的调整,分别发生在古近纪末和上新世末。古近纪和新近纪期间,淮河流域曾广泛发育湖泊沉积,以河湖相沉积环境为主。而第四纪期间,流域内古地理环境逐渐过渡为以河流相沉积环境为主。现代淮河河湖体系的形成发生在早至中更新世,其后经历不断的演变至今。构造活动和气候变化是驱动淮河流域水系演变的主因。上新世末至早更新世初的青藏运动导致了淮河流域内新近纪水文体系的解体,而晚新生代以来气候的转冷可能是湖泊萎缩、河流作用增强的诱因。 相似文献
16.
Late Quaternary alluvial induration has greatly influenced contemporary channel morphology on the anabranching Gilbert River in the monsoon tropics of the Gulf of Carpentaria. The Gilbert, one of a number of rivers in this region, has contributed to an extensive system of coalescing low-gradient and partly indurated riverine plains. Extensive channel sands were deposited by enhanced flow conditions during marine oxygen isotope (OI) Stage 5. Subsequent flow declined, probably associated with increased aridity, however, enhanced runoff recurred again in OI Stages 4–3 (65–50 ka). Aridity then capped these plains with 4–7 m of mud. A widespread network of sandy distributary channels was incised into this muddy surface from sometime after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the mid Holocene during a fluvial episode more active than the present but less so than those of OI Stages 5 and 3. This network is still partly active but with channel avulsion and abandonment now occurring largely proximal to the main Gilbert flow path.A tropical climate and reactive catchment lithology have enhanced chemical weathering and lithification of alluvium along the river resulting in the formation of small rapids, waterfalls and inset gorges, features characteristic more of bedrock than alluvial systems. Thermoluminescence (TL) and comparative optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of the sediments are presented along with U/Th ages of pedogenic calcrete and Fe/Mn oxyhydroxide/ oxide accumulations. They show that calcrete precipitated during the Late Quaternary at times similar to those that favoured ferricrete formation, possibly because of an alternating wet–dry climate. Intense chemical alteration of the alluvium leading to induration appears to have prevailed for much of the Late Quaternary but, probably due to exceptional dryness, not during the LGM. The result has been restricted channel migration and a reduced capacity for the channel to adjust and accommodate sudden changes in bedload. Consequent avulsions have caused local stream powers to increase by an order of magnitude, inducing knickpoint erosion, local incision and the sudden influx of additional bedload that has triggered further avulsions. The Gilbert River, while less energetic than its Pleistocene ancestors, is clearly an avulsive system, and emphasizes the importance in some tropical rivers of alluvial induration for reinforcing the banks, generating nickpoints, reworking sediment and thereby developing and maintaining an indurated and anabranching river style. 相似文献
17.
The temperature appeared rising trend during the 20th century in China’s tropics. Two cooling stages and two warming stages
in the process of climatic fluctuation can be recognized. After the 1980s the climate is the warmest which corresponds to
the global change, but the warmest period is the 1940s in Kunming. The climate pattern mostly appears contemporaneity of warming
and humidity, which is different from the situation of whole China. The natural disasters tend to be aggravated. The number
of typhoons increased. Flood damages occurred frequently in the years of more typhoons. The number of droughts and cold damages
increased. It was snowed in Guangzhou. There was frost in Haikou and Yaxian. Four years of heavy snow have been recorded in
Kunming. 相似文献
18.
Fossil black fly larvae of late Pleistocene and Holocene ages are reported from lacustrine deposits of coastal British Columbia, including the first record of the genus Parasimulium Malloch from Canada. Features that distinguish fossil larvae from the remains of other organisms are reviewed, and a key to the Nearctic genera based on features of the hypostoma presented. Fossil black fly larvae have potential for providing information about changes in fluvial conditions, and provide direct evidence about the composition of past faunas. The palaeohydrologic significance of late Quaternary assemblages from coastal British Columbia is discussed. 相似文献
19.
Forty-eight samples are chosen to discuss the distribution in space and time of the cooling fluctuation events during HoloCene in the tropical zone of China in this paper. The authors consider that the Neoglaciations II and III (or Cooling Event ①) have a widespread impact on the drop in temperature of 1-2 oC or less than 2 oC. The YD Event was dated at 11,300-10,200 a BP in the tropical mainland and its dating is 11,400-10,500 a BP in the sea area with a drop in temperature of 4-6 oC. The distribution of Event B and Neoglaciation I is taking a position of north, with a drop in temperature of 2.5-3.0 oC. The Cooling Event ② shows the temporality in time. The Cooling Event ③ shows the limitation of regional distribution with a drop in temperature of less than 1.5oC. The more recent the cooling event is, the smaller the drop amplitude in temperature will be. In the eastern part of tropical zone seven events are complete in all varieties but the cooling fluctuation is weaker in the western part. In Hainan Island and South China Sea the appearance of cooling fluctuations is synchronous with each other. 相似文献
20.
V. Bracone A. Amorosi P. P. C. Aucelli C. M. Rosskopf F. Scarciglia V. Di Donato P. Esposito 《Basin Research》2012,24(2):213-233
A basin‐scale, integrated approach, including sedimentological, geomorphological and soil data, enables the reliable reconstruction of the infilling history of the southern Apenninic foredeep, with its subsequent inclusion in the wedge‐top of the foreland basin system. An example is shown from the Molise‐Apulian Apennines (Southern Italy), between Trigno and Fortore rivers, where the Pleistocene tectono‐sedimentary evolution of the basin is framed into a sequence‐stratigraphic scheme. Specifically, within the traditional subdivision into Quaternary marine (Qm) and Quaternary continental (Qc) depositional cycles, five third‐order depositional sequences (Qm1, Qm2, Qc1, Qc2 and Qc3) are identified based on recognition of four major stratigraphic discontinuities. The lower sequence boundaries are represented by angular unconformities or abrupt facies shifts and are generally associated with distinctive pedological and geomorphological features. Three paleosols, observed at top of depositional sequences Qm2, Qc1 and Qc2, represent pedostratigraphic markers that can be tracked basinwide. The geomorphological response to major tectono‐sedimentary events is marked by a series of paleosurfaces with erosional, depositional and complex characteristics. Detailed investigation of the relationships between stratigraphic architecture and development of unconformities, paleosols and paleosurfaces suggests that the four sequence boundaries were formed in response to four geomorphological phases/tectonic events which affected the basin during the Quaternary. The first three tectonic events (Lower‐Middle Pleistocene), marking the lower boundaries of sequences Qm2, Qc1 and Qc2, respectively, are interpreted to be related to the tectonic regime that characterized the last phase of thrusting recorded in the Southern Apennines. In contrast, sequence Qc3 does not display evidence of thrust tectonics and accumulated as a result of a phase of regional uplift starting with the Middle Pleistocene. 相似文献