共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
通过对湛江湖光岩玛珥湖现代环境介质(水体和表层沉积物)中的长链烷基二醇类化合物的定性和定量分析,检测出了一系列的长链烷基二醇化合物,包括1,13-C28、1,13-C30、1,14-C30、1,15-C30和1,15-C32.表层水体中1,14-C30相对含量最高,中层水体中1,15-C30相对含量最高,而底层水体中1,13-C30相对含量最高.推测1,14-C30主要来源于硅藻,但也不排除异鞭藻来源.1,13-C28可能同时具有黄绿藻和硅藻来源.1,13-C30、1,15-C30和1,15-C32长链化合物主要来源于黄绿藻(Eustigmatophytes),但也存在其他藻类来源.表层沉积物中长链烷基二醇化合物的分布与中层水体颗粒物各二醇类化合物的分布相似,表明湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物中长链烷基二醇类化合物主要来源于浮游藻类.湖泊水体颗粒物中二醇指数(DIX)同实测的湖泊水体温度具有很强的线性相关性,而表层沉积物中DIX一致,表明湖光岩玛珥湖中二醇指数能够用来作为水体温度的替代性指标.此研究结果为长链烷基二醇类化合物在湖泊古环境重建应用中提供了现代过程证据. 相似文献
2.
南海西部54万年以来元素地球化学记录及其反映的古环境演变 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过对南海西部上升流区MD05-2899孔开展高分辨率碳酸盐地层学和XRF岩芯扫描元素地球化学分析,重建了晚第四纪54万来以来东亚夏季风的演化历史,探讨海平面升降对南海西部陆源碎屑供应量的影响。研究选用了ln(Ba/Al)作为该海区古生产力的指标,ln(Br/Al)作为有机物的指标,ln(Ti/Al)作为陆源碎屑供应量的指标。研究结果显示,东亚夏季风在过去54万年以来强度不断增强,具有明显的冰期—间冰期旋回特征,在间冰期强盛和冰期减弱,是控制该海区有机物含量变化的主要因素。东亚夏季风不断强盛可能直接导致了南海周边陆地降雨增强,河流径流量加大,使得南海西部上升流区域的陆源碎屑供应量在间冰期明显高于冰期。研究发现,当相对海平面低于-60 m的时候,大面积暴露的巽他陆架可能向南海西部深水区输入大量陆源碎屑物质,造成研究站位的陆源碎屑供应量在冰盛期出现高值。因此,晚第四纪的东亚夏季风演化和海平面升降共同控制了南海西部上升流区陆源碎屑物质供应量的变化。 相似文献
3.
珠江口盆地Site4B沉积物中（65~300 cm）检出了1,15-C30（ω16）和1,15-C32（ω18）烷基二醇和酮醇,总的长链烷基二醇和酮醇含量分别为0.026～4.373 μg/g干沉积物和0.005～1.549 μg/g干沉积物。沉积物剖面上检测到的1,15-C30烷基二醇（-26.6‰±0.9‰）相对于来自陆源高等植物的C30直链烷基醇（-32.8‰±1.5‰）较正的碳同位素特征反映了这类化合物可能不是来自陆源高等植物;同时沉积物中未检出在黄绿藻中相对长链烷基二醇和酮醇更丰富的甾醇,且沉积物浅表层中（0~65 cm）未检出长链烷基二醇和酮醇类化合物,表明现今沉积物中几乎没有黄绿藻的贡献,和沉积物所处的寡营养盐（不适宜藻类生长发育）的陆坡位置相吻合。沉积物中1,15-C30烷基二醇（-24.6‰～-28.4‰）和海洋细菌来源的短链脂肪酸 (-25.5‰～-28.6‰)具有相似的碳同位素组成,表明了海洋细菌是其可靠来源。Site4B沉积物中1,15-C30和1,15-C32烷基酮醇和二醇具有非常好的相关性,表明了它们可能来自相同的生物来源或者来自相关性较好的不同生源,而不是通过对应的二醇氧化生成,因为在65~95 cm的氧化环境中酮醇比例没有明显增高。Site4B沉积物中二醇参数和酮醇参数的变化非常相似,结合含量分布特征反映了古海水温度以及淡水入侵的双重影响,即较高的二醇参数及较高的二醇含量和较低的二醇参数及较低的二醇含量都可能反映了古海水温度是主要影响因素;而较低的二醇参数及较高的二醇含量则可能反映了淡水的侵入是主要影响因素。 相似文献
4.
南海南部120ka以来元素地球化学记录的东亚夏季风变迁 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用XRF岩芯元素扫描仪对南海南部MD05-2896孔岩芯样品进行1 cm间隔的元素测试。该孔底部年龄约为120ka。研究表明,南海南部间冰期夏季风活动增强,上升流发育;夏季风和降雨带来的陆源有机物输入增加,提高了表层的生产力;冰期夏季风减弱,陆源有机物输入减少,表层生产力降低。海洋表层生产力在MIS3早期(60~40 ka)较高,指示该时有特强的夏季风,上升流作用增强。Ba/Ti值表明东亚夏季风的强弱变化,并与北半球夏季日射量基本呈线性关系,体现了东亚夏季风演化的天文驱动机制。 相似文献
5.
通过对南海西部越南岸外１７９５４—３柱状样中浮游和底栖有孔虫的定量分析,结合碳酸钙、有机碳和稳定同位素数据,获得南海西部上升流区近２０万年来的古海洋学记录,进而讨论了晚第四纪东亚夏季风的变迁。结果表明,在间冰期,尤其是末次间冰期,越南岸外出现表层海水古温度低、温跃层浅、生产力高,同时底层海水富营养的现象,说明上升流的存在,且该上升流有从氧同位素５期(ＭＩＳ５期)向１期逐渐减弱的趋势。结合南海现代海流及生产力分布的研究,推断该上升流由东亚夏季风驱动,其强弱的变化说明,东亚夏季风在近２０万年来有间冰期增强、冰期减弱,且从ＭＩＳ５期向ＭＩＳ１期递减的特征。 相似文献
6.
长链烷基二醇类化合物(Long-chain alkyl diols)是指在碳链的1号位置和链中位置连接有羟基基团的类脂化合物,普遍存在于海洋、河流和湖泊环境中。由于这类化合物分布广泛、性质稳定不易降解、且检测手段较为简单,因此具有作为生物标志物的潜力,在生物地球化学领域引起了广泛的研究和关注。关于其生物来源尚未有定论,但是研究发现1,13-diols和1,15-diols可能主要来自真眼点藻,而14-diols主要来自硅藻Proboscia。目前根据长链烷基二醇建立的指标包括:硅藻生产力、上升流强度、盐度、温度、河流输入和表层海水营养盐浓度等,对古环境气候的重建有着重要的意义。归纳总结了目前长链烷基二醇指标的研究和应用进展,这有助于未来我国边缘海长链烷基二醇来源以及二醇指标的深入研究。 相似文献
7.
从南海17962钻孔沉积物中检出了C30－C32长链烷基二醇类化合物。C30长链烷基二醇的碳同位素值在－30．17‰－－38．98‰之间,反映出其先质母体为水生生物,认为是海洋微藻－黄绿藻Eustigmatophytes。这类化合含量能够反映以黄绿藻为代表的海洋古生产力的变化：冰期时C30二醇的高沉积通量显示出南海南部末次冰期黄绿藻Eustigmatophytes初级生产力增高。计算C30和C32二醇的相对比值获得二醇参数（diols indices）,发现本柱状样二醇参数的变化指示了南海3万余年来的古海洋及古气候变化：南海经历了从半封闭到开放的演化,其气候经历了三次Heinrich冷事件,在Heinrich事件之间出现了一系列百年到千年尺度的气候事件,即D／O循环;全新世的Younger Dryas事件也有明显反映,说明南海与高纬度地区3万余年来的气候变化存在遥相关。 相似文献
8.
对南海西部越南岸外上升流区17954-2站浮游有孔虫属种组合变化、浮游有孔虫氧同位素、AMS14C测年的分析以及浮游有孔虫表层海水温度、温跃层转换函数的研究结果表明:在MIS3期,南海西部表层海水温度大体呈现暖-冷-暖的变化趋势;温跃层深度由浅到深阶段性变化;短时间尺度上温度与温跃层发生幅度较大的快速变化。暖事件（IS）对应于浮游有孔虫暖水种、混合层属种含量的增加,冷水种、温跃层属种含量的减少以及冬夏SST的升高;冷事件则与之相反。表层海水生产力亦大致呈现3个阶段（61～51ka,51～42ka和42～32ka）的变化,在千年尺度的快速气候事件中,暖事件对应浮游有孔虫生产力属种含量降低,冷事件对应升高。此外,在MIS3内部分暖事件（IS6和IS11～13）表现出表层海水温度降低,温跃层深度变浅和表层海水生产力升高的状况,表明该区此时上升流的存在,其形成原因推测是由于东亚夏季风加强的结果。 相似文献
9.
10.
SST（海洋表层温度,sea surface temperature）的季节与年际异常对于认识现代全球变暖、重建历史时期气候变化以及探讨气候变化机制具有重要意义,而台湾东北部海域SST季节与年际异常的研究却相对较少.为更好地理解现代全球变暖和历史气候变化,利用NOAA的全球海表温度最优插值资料、Hadley中心的全球海表温度数据以及MEI逐月指数,分析了现代全球变暖背景下台湾东北部海域SST季节与年际异常及其控制因素.季节尺度上,受东亚冬季风的影响,研究海区的冬季SST变化比夏季更为剧烈,冬季SST控制着该海域年均SST和SST季节性的变化.现代器测和古气候记录表明该现象在年际-百年尺度上可能一直存在.年际尺度上,SST异常与MEI指数存在显著的8个月滞后相关性,ENSO（厄尔尼诺—南方涛动,El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation）事件通过东亚冬季风来影响研究海域的SST变化.在历史气候重建中区分气候变化的多尺度性和替代指标的季节性、认识历史气候对ENSO及东亚冬季风的响应特征和机制,这将有助于进一步理解现代全球气候变暖的原因. 相似文献
11.
Recently, a new organic geochemical paleothermometer based on the relative abundance of long chain alkyl 1,13- and 1,15-diols, the so-called long chain diol index (LDI), was proposed. Because of its novelty, the proxy has not been reported for sediments older than 43 ka. We therefore determined the LDI for 14 sediment samples from the early Pleistocene between 2.49 and 2.41 Ma, comprising Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 98 to 95, and converted the values to sea surface temperature (SST) estimates to test whether the LDI could be applied or not to the early Quaternary. We show that the long chain diols can be preserved in marine sediments from the early Pleistocene, although at our study site this is limited to periods of increased biomarker accumulation (glacials). Although the results are based on a limited time interval and number of samples, the similarity between LDI-based SST and alkenone-based SST from the same samples suggests that the LDI proxy may have potential for studies covering the entire Quaternary. 相似文献
12.
Ocean Assimilation System (OAS) is an important component for decadal prediction experiment, providing initial conditions. Evaluating the atmosphere response in OAS can provide reference for analyzing results from decadal prediction. We analyzed the interdecadal change in relation between the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) and El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the previous winter based on an OAS on the coupled climate model FGOALS-s2. It shows that two factors impact the performance: ① interdecadal change of Ssea Surface Temperature (SST) pattern in the summer Indo-Pacific Basin related with ENSO in previous winter and ② bias in model response of the western North Pacific anticyclone to tropical SST anomalies. The anticyclone shows steady relation with the warm eastern Indian Ocean. When ENSO’s impact on the summer Indian Ocean is strengthened around the end of 1970s, the OAS can reproduce the strengthened EASM-ENSO relation. However, the trend of intensified EASM-ENSO relation in the OAS is still significant after the mid-1990s due to the stronger link between the anticyclone and the northeastern Indian Ocean, differing with the observation which shows a weakened effect of the Indian Ocean on the anticyclone. In addition, the bias in response to the SST anomalies in the central Pacific also partly contributes to the failure in reproducing the weakening EASM-ENSO relation after the mid-1990s. It implies that prediction skill of interdecadal ENSO impact on the tropical Indo-Pacific SST and response bias of model to SST anomalies may to some extent limit the capability to predict the interdecadal change in the EASM-ENSO relation. 相似文献
13.
南海北部夏季沿岸上升流近百年的强度变化 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用全谱直读ICP-AES技术测定了海南岛东部（琼东）沿岸上升流区域滨珊瑚1906—1996年的Sr／Ca比值。结果显示珊瑚Sr／Ca比值重建的琼东海域的夏季海表温度偏低,强烈地受到东亚夏季风引起沿岸冷上升流的影响。结合西沙海域的滨珊瑚海表温度记录,首次重建了1906～1993年琼东沿岸风生上升流的强度指数变化序列。结果表明琼东上升流于1906～1993期间整体呈加强趋势,并具显著的年代际波动特征,同全球趋暖密切相关。此外,重建的上升流强度指数序列还揭示了大尺度环流——厄尔尼诺一南方涛动对琼东上升流强度变化的制约。 相似文献
14.
Records from South America show that modern ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) did not exist 7000 cal yr B.P. and has developed progressively since then. There has been little information available on oceanic conditions in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) to constrain explanations for ENSO onset. We report quantitative observations on thermocline and mixed-layer conditions in the EEP during ENSO start up. We found important changes in both the thermocline and the mixed layer, indicating increased upwelling of cooler waters since 7000 cal yr B.P. This resulted from change in the source and/or properties of waters supplying the Equatorial Undercurrent, which feeds upwelling along the equator and the Peru margin. Modeling shows that ENSO is sensitive to subsurface conditions in the eastern equatorial Pacific and that the changes in the thermocline we observed were driven by extratropical processes, giving these a role in conditioning the development of ENSO. This is in contrast to models that call for control of equatorial Pacific oceanography by tropical processes only. These infer stronger upwelling and cooler surface waters for the EEP during the mid-Holocene, which is not supported by our results. 相似文献
15.
近百年全球温度变化中的ENSO分量 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
首先利用Nin~o C区海温、Nin~o 3区海温及两个不同的SOI序列,建立了1867年春到1998年春期间的ENSO指数序列。近百年来ENSO对热带、热带外地区年际尺度的温度变化有显著影响,热带地区温度变化滞后ENSO约1个季,热带外地区滞后约2～3个季。ENSO能解释同期全球年平均温度方差的14%～16%左右;如果考虑ENSO对温度影响的滞后特征,则能解释的部分提高到20.6%。ENSO对温度的影响主要是在年际时间尺度上,对近百年来全球温度变化的长期趋势和年代际变率贡献不大。 相似文献
16.
Sebastiaan W. Rampen Stefan Schouten Enno Schefuß Jaap S. Sinninghe Damst 《Organic Geochemistry》2009,40(11):1124-1131
Long chain 1,14-diols and 12-hydroxy methyl alkanoates are biomarker lipids for Proboscia diatoms and occur widely in Quaternary sediments. To determine the effect of temperature on the lipid composition of these algae, a new Proboscia sp. culture grown at 8 °C and Proboscia indica cultures grown at 18, 21, 24 and 27 °C were examined. The results were combined with lipid data from a P. indica culture and a Proboscia alata culture, grown at 20 and 2 °C, respectively, from previous studies. The data showed a strong relationship between long chain diol and 12-hydroxy methyl alkanoate composition and growth temperature, i.e. the chain length increases and the degree of unsaturation of long chain 1,14-diols decreases with increasing growth temperature. To determine the effect of temperature on Proboscia lipid compositions in natural environments, we also analyzed fossil long chain 1,14-diols and 12-hydroxy methyl alkanoates in surface sediments derived from Proboscia diatoms living in the water column of the eastern South Atlantic. The results indicate a significant relationship between sea surface temperature and chain length distribution of saturated long chain diols, but also suggest that the relative abundances of unsaturated long chain diols and 12-hydroxy methyl alkanoates in sediments are predominantly determined by factors other than temperature. 相似文献
17.
利用1950-2002年间的海面温度(SST)资料,研究了东太平洋暖池的形态和热状态特征,并探讨了暖池变异与恩索(ENSO)的关系。结果表明,暖池形态和热状态均有明显的季节特征和年际变化,其年际变化与ENSO循环相联系;暖池热含量、面积和南界与ENSO有着十分密切的相关关系。合成分析结果显示,在厄尔尼诺(El Nino)事件爆发的前一年,暖池热含量偏少,面积偏小,南界偏北,而在事件爆发后,暖池热含量增多,面积增大,南界南移;在拉尼娜(La Ni?a)事件期间,暖池热含量、面积和南界的演变趋势基本与El Nino事件期间的情况相反。东太平洋暖池的经向变异可能对ENSO暖(El Nino)、冷(La Nina)事件的发展有重要作用。 相似文献
18.
Muhammad Mubashar Dogar Fred Kucharski Syed Azharuddin 《Journal of Earth System Science》2017,126(2):30
ENSO is considered as a strong atmospheric teleconnection that has pronounced global and regional circulation effects. It modifies global monsoon system, especially, Asian and African monsoons. Previous studies suggest that both the frequency and magnitude of ENSO events have increased over the last few decades resulting in a need to study climatic impacts of ENSO magnitude both at global and regional scales. Hence, to better understand the impact of ENSO amplitude over the tropical and extratropical regions focussing on the Asian and African domains, ENSO sensitivity experiments are conducted using ICTPAGCM (‘SPEEDY’). It is anticipated that the tropical Pacific SST forcing will be enough to produce ENSO-induced teleconnection patterns; therefore, the model is forced using NINO3.4 regressed SST anomalies over the tropical Pacific only. SPEEDY reproduces the impact of ENSO over the Pacific, North and South America and African regions very well. However, it underestimates ENSO teleconnection patterns and associated changes over South Asia, particularly in the Indian region, which suggests that the tropical Pacific SST forcing is not sufficient to represent ENSO-induced teleconnection patterns over South Asia. Therefore, SST forcing over the tropical Indian Ocean together with air–sea coupling is also required for better representation of ENSO-induced changes in these regions. Moreover, results obtained by this pacemaker experiment show that ENSO impacts are relatively stronger over the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) compared to extratropics and high latitude regions. The positive phase of ENSO causes weakening in rainfall activity over African tropical rain belt, parts of South and Southeast Asia, whereas, the La Niña phase produces more rain over these regions during the summer season. Model results further reveal that ENSO magnitude has a stronger impact over African Sahel and South Asia, especially over the Indian region because of its significant impact over the tropical Atlantic and the Indian Ocean through Walker circulation. ENSO-induced negative (positive) NAO-like response and associated changes over Southern Europe and North Africa get significantly strong following increased intensity of El Niño (La Niña) in the northern (southern) hemisphere in the boreal winter (summer) season. We further find that ENSO magnitude significantly impacts Hadley and Walker circulations. The positive phase of ENSO (El Niño) overall strengthens Hadley cell and a reverse is true for the La Niña phase. ENSO-induced strengthening and weakening of Hadley cell induces significant impact over South Asian and African ITCZ convective regions through modification of ITCZ/monsoon circulation system. 相似文献