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1.
U. Ring 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1998,86(4):786-801
This study explores the state of finite strain and changes in the mean kinematic vorticity number, grain size, whole-rock chemistry and mineralogy across an upper amphibolite-facies shear zone in a metadiorite, northern Malawi, east-central Africa. P–T conditions during shear-zone formation and deformation were approximately 700–750?°C and 5–7?kbar and are slightly less than P–T conditions for the regional peak of metamorphism. The major rock-forming minerals, plagioclase, hornblende, biotite, and quartz, were deformed by crystal-plastic processes accompanied by, except for hornblende, dynamic recrystallization. The modal abundance of all four major rock-forming minerals shows no systematic change from the country rock into and across the shear zone, indicating that shear-zone development was not associated with retrograde mineral reactions. The grain size of the major rock-forming minerals decreases within the shear zone. Plagioclase and hornblende, which occur as porphyroblasts outside the shear zone, exhibit a bimodal grain-size distribution within the shear zone. Quartz has a unimodal grain-size distribution in the shear zone. Major and trace element chemistry does not change systematically across the shear zone, implying no volume change in the mylonite. Matrix strain data for plagioclase and hornblende by the Fry method and fabric strain as deduced from Rf/φ analysis of plagioclase and quartz grains demonstrate a slightly constrictional strain type (K≈1.5) across the shear zone. The quantitative finite-strain data for the different residual minerals as obtained by unlike methods show no systematic variation, but recrystallized plagioclase grains record higher strain than the residual grains. The mean kinematic vorticity number changes from approximately 0.3 outside to approximately 0.8 within the shear zone, indicating that the bulk deformation path deviated from progressive simple shear. The estimates for finite strain and the degree of noncoaxiality account for approximately 50% of thinning normal to the shear zone. 相似文献
2.
白石砬子白钨矿床产于下古生界青龙村群大理岩与华力西晚期黑云母斜长花岗岩接触带内;矿体呈脉状、扁豆体产出,受北东向断裂构造和接触带构造控制明显;赋矿岩石以石榴石矽卡岩为主,矿石中金属矿物以白钨矿为主,其次为黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿等,非金属矿物有钙铝石榴石、钙铁辉石、透辉石、绿帘石、方解石、石英。矿床特征及与国内典型矿床对比分析表明,白石砬子矿床的成因类型属接触交代型白钨矿矿床。青龙村群大理岩、海西华力西晚期花岗岩体、北东向断裂和接触带构造对该矿床形成具有重要控制作用,矿区及外围具有较大的成矿潜力和找矿远景。 相似文献
3.
Hassan Abd El-Razek Aly Shahin 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(7):2245-2259
Optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and back-scattered electron imaging (BSE) have been used to determine the mineralogical composition of the uraniferous iron and manganese oxides and the associated U-minerals hosted in biotite granite that occurred north east Gabal El Sela area south Eastern Desert, Egypt. These mineralizations were found as veinlets fractures filling associated with strongly kaolinitic alteration of the coarse-grained biotite granite. XRD determined that the geothite mineral form the main constituent of uraniferous iron oxide in addition to tapiolite, and kaolinite minerals, where as uraniferous manganese oxide composed of pyrolusite, ramsdellite, and cryptomelane. BSE confirmed that the associated uranium minerals represented by uranothorite, kazolite, and zentime in addition to columbite-bearing minerals. Uranothorite and columbite-bearing minerals are the most abundant minerals in this mineralization. Petrographically, biotite granite is composed mainly of quartz, in addition to K-feldspars, biotite and muscovite with minor zircon, garnet, apatite, uranium-rich thorite and iron oxide. Petrochemical studies and tectonic discrimination diagrams for this granite reveal that they are classified as granite to alkali feldspar granite, originated from calc-alkaline magma having peraluminous nature and developed in within-plate tectonic environment. Field radiometric measurements revealed the localization of two high radiometric anomalies associated with iron and manganese oxides, within this anomaly uranium content range from 65 to 85 ppm. Alpha Track-etch Detectors of radon gas registrations revealed high track density reach up to 15,448.7 Bq/m3. 相似文献
4.
《矿物学报》2013,(Z1)
The mineralogical features of the oxidation-reduction of graphite deposit in pingdu, Shandong province were studied by field search, polarization microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM. The results show that, the major rocks of the reduction graphite zone are graphite-quartz anorthosite, gabbro. The major rocks of the oxidation graphite zone are marble with graphite, biotite granite, monzogranite. The main minerals of the reduction zone are plagioclase, pyroxene, quartz, pyrite. The graphite is aphanitic graphite appearing as dense massive, layered, spherical aggregates. The main minerals of the oxidation zone are calcite, quartz, K-feldspar, biotite, amphibole, chlorite. The graphite is flake graphite uniformly dispersed in the loose, and strongly erosion rocks. A large number of rocks in the area have been suffered chloritization, regional metamorphism, indicating that the formation of the graphite deposit should be related with gabbro melting. The carbon source in the lower part was taken into the mine, and then experienced regional metamorphism. 相似文献
5.
海南东南部韧性剪切变形带断续出露于芒三水库—吊罗山林场—兴隆—线,走向北东,岩石有构造片麻岩和糜棱岩化花岗岩,主要矿物组成为长石、石英、黑云母.岩石发育“S-C”组构、“δ”型旋转碎斑系、云母鱼等变形组构,指示具有右行剪切活动的特点.根据矿物组成及变形特征,认为其变形环境相当于低角闪岩相,属于沿剪切带侵位并发生同步变形的产物.在芒三水库、吊罗山林场两地测得岩石锆石激光ICP-MS法年龄分别为284.3±1.3 Ma、265.9±1.3 Ma,属二叠纪形成.剪切变形带的发现及其年代学的厘定,对深入研究海南岛构造-岩浆作用具有重要的地质意义. 相似文献
6.
长江岩体是诸广南部地区重要的产铀花岗岩体之一,此次研究运用电子探针和扫描电镜对长江岩体新鲜花岗岩和
蚀变花岗岩中的绿泥石和有关含铀矿物进行了精细对比,揭示花岗岩中铀的活化与成矿前期或早期致使花岗岩发生绿泥
石化的还原性热液蚀变作用关系密切,黑云母等的绿泥石化蚀变,使其中包裹的一些含铀副矿物也发生蚀变,导致原来
以类质同象形式存在于副矿物中的惰性铀转变成活性铀,并在绿泥石附近沉淀成铀石等铀含量高且在成矿期低度氧化性
热液作用下容易释放铀的矿物。长江岩体中的副矿物有锆石、磷灰石、褐帘石、铀石-钍石、晶质铀矿、独居石等,其
中,晶质铀矿、铀石、铀钍石中铀含量高且铀容易释放,是长江岩体的主要铀源矿物;独居石中铀含量较高,当其周围
矿物绿泥石化时,独居石蚀变形成直氟碳钙铈矿并释放铀,因而也是长江岩体的潜在铀源矿物;锆石中铀含量虽高,但
因其结构稳定,铀难以释放,因此它不是长江岩体中重要的铀源矿物;磷灰石、褐帘石中铀含量均低于检测限,作为铀
源矿物的可能性很小。 相似文献
7.
This study analyses the mineralogical and chemical transformations associated with an Alpine shear zone in polymetamorphic metapelites from the Monte Rosa nappe in the upper Val Loranco (N‐Italy). In the shear zone, the pre‐Alpine assemblage plagioclase + biotite + kyanite is replaced by the assemblage garnet + phengite + paragonite at eclogite facies conditions of about 650 °C at 12.5 kbar. Outside the shear zone, only minute progress of the same metamorphic reaction was attained during the Alpine metamorphic overprint and the pre‐Alpine mineral assemblage is largely preserved. Textures of incomplete reaction, such as garnet rims at former grain contacts between pre‐existing plagioclase and biotite, are preserved in the country rocks of the shear zone. Reaction textures and phase relations indicate that the Alpine metamorphic overprint occurred under largely anhydrous conditions in low strain domains. In contrast, the mineralogical changes and phase equilibrium diagrams indicate water saturation within the Alpine shear zones. Shear zone formation occurred at approximately constant volume but was associated with substantial gains in silica and losses in aluminium and potassium. Changes in mineral modes associated with chemical alteration and progressive deformation indicate that plagioclase, biotite and kyanite were not only consumed in the course of the garnet‐and phengite‐producing reactions, but were also dissolved ‘congruently’ during shear zone formation. A large fraction of the silica liberated by plagioclase, biotite and kyanite dissolution was immediately re‐precipitated to form quartz, but the dissolved aluminium‐ and potassium‐bearing species appear to have been stable in solution and were removed via the pore fluid. The reaction causes the localization of deformation by producing fine‐grained white mica, which forms a mechanically weak aggregate. 相似文献
8.
义敦岛弧措交玛岩体岩浆混合成因:镁铁质微粒包体的证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
义敦岛弧北部的措交玛岩基岩体主要由黑云母二长花岗岩和边部的花岗闪长岩组成。在黑云母二长花岗岩中存在有少量镁铁质微粒包体,其成分为闪长质,与寄主岩石接触关系从渐变到截然。在包体周围的寄主岩石中存在黑云母、角闪石自身的包含结构,角闪石包含黑云母,斜长石发育明显的溶蚀结构,核部斜长石被溶蚀成筛状,边部环带状斜长石溶蚀不明显,是基性岩浆注入到酸性岩浆中导致岩浆混合的结果。黑云母二长花岗岩具有更高的轻重稀土分异系数,闪长质包体轻重稀土分异系数较低,黑云母二长花岗岩和暗色闪长质微粒包体具有明显相似性的微量元素特征。寄主岩黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为236±1.9Ma,闪长质包体为235±3.9Ma,二者形成年代在误差范围内基本一致,可能为甘孜-理塘洋向西俯冲过程中,俯冲洋壳部分熔融形成的玄武质岩浆上涌底侵于壳-幔边界导致地壳的部分熔融形成酸性的黑云母二长花岗岩岩基。 相似文献
9.
界牌W-Cu矿床产于苗儿山-越城岭复式岩体东北部斑状黑云母花岗岩与灰岩接触带的矽卡岩中,是苗儿山-越城岭复式岩体矿集区最大的矽卡岩型W-Cu矿床。矿区出露的主要岩体为斑状黑云母花岗岩及后期浅色花岗岩体,矿区外围则大面积出露斑状黑云母二长花岗岩。矿化产于斑状黑云母花岗岩与灰岩接触带矽卡岩,及斑状黑云母花岗岩中灰岩捕虏体矽卡岩化带中。黑云母花岗岩发育花岗岩型钨矿床成矿早期常见的钠长石化、云英岩化及从岩体至外接触带蚀变矿物组合显示形成温度逐渐降低。这些现象表明斑状黑云母花岗岩与矿床具有紧密成因联系。本文获得矿区斑状黑云母花岗岩、斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和浅色花岗岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为:422±11 Ma,428±7 Ma,410±7 Ma,表明界牌W-矿床及区内主要岩体均形成于加里东期。本文的同位素年龄及前人报道的苗儿山-越城岭矿集区和华南加里东期与花岗岩有关矿床同位素年龄表明苗儿山-越城岭矿集区W-Mo-Cu矿床成矿主要发生在加里东期和印支期,U矿成矿主要发生在燕山期,华南在加里东期发生了分布广泛、成矿元素组合多样的与花岗岩有关的成矿事件,有很好的找矿前景,今后应加强华南加里东期矿床的找矿工作。 相似文献
10.
花岗岩中原生与次生白云母的鉴别特征及其地质意义——以赣南富城强过铝质花岗岩体为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过显微镜下观察和电子探针成分分析,发现赣南富城强过铝质花岗岩中存在3种类型白云母,即原生白云母、交代型白云母和次生白云母,其平均晶体化学式分别为:K1.62Na0.06Fe0.32Mg0.39Ti0.02Al4.89Si6.54O10(OH)4(原生白云母)、K1.55Na0.07Fe0.43Mg0.24Ti0.03Al4.96Si6.50O10(OH)4(交代型白云母)、K1.51Na0.07Fe0.27Mg0.21Ti0.00Al4.98Si6.65O10(OH)4(次生白云母)。根据富城花岗岩主要造岩矿物的结晶顺序(斜长石→钾长石→黑云母→白云母→石英),结合白云母、黑云母稳定曲线及合成花岗岩初融曲线对比分析,富城强过铝质花岗岩中交代型白云母是在花岗岩结晶过程中交代较早晶出的黑云母形成的,其形成温度高于花岗岩熔体的固相线温度(～650℃),故应归属于原生白云母。本文提出根据岩石学宏观特征、岩石化学特征及岩相学微观特征区分花岗岩中原生白云母与次生白云母的综合鉴别方法。 相似文献
11.
The Karakoram Shear Zone is a northwest-southeast trending dextral ductile shear zone, which has affected the granitic and
granodioritic bodies of the southern Asian Plate margin in three distinct episodes. The ductile shearing of the granitic bodies
at Tangste and Darbuk has resulted in the development of mylonites with mylonitic foliation and stretching lineation. More
intense deformation is noted in the Tangste granite grading up to orthomylonite, as compared to the Darbuk granite. Kinematic
indicators include S-C foliation, synthetic C′ and C″ antithetic shear bands, Type A s-mantled porphyroclasts, oblique quartz
foliation, micro-shears with bookshelf gliding, mineral fishes including Group 2 mica fishes, and Type 1 and 2a pull-apart
microstructures, and exhibit strong dextral sense of ductile shearing towards southeast. The textural features of the minerals,
especially that of quartz and feldspar, indicate temperature of mylonitisation ranging between 300 and 500°C in the upper
greenschist facies, and appear to have been evolved during exhumation as a consequence of oblique strike-slip movements along
the Karakoram shear zone. 相似文献
12.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):894-903
The Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex is composed of rhyolitic crystal tuffs, welded tuffs, rhyodacite, porphyroclastic rhyolitic lava, subvolcanic rocks such as granite porphyry, and late quartz monzonitic porphyry and lamprophyre dikes. We report the first occurrence of a quartz–amphibole schist (QAS) xenolith enclosed within a mafic microgranular enclave (MME) in the Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex. The mineralogy of this xenolith consists of amphibole, biotite, quartz, and minor plagioclase. Petrographic and mineral composition studies indicate that the protolith of this xenolith likely originated from the metamorphic basement beneath Xiangshan. The amphibole (actinolite and magnesiohorblende) has been partially replaced by orthopyroxene at 800–1000°C and by diopside at <700°C, according to mineral thermometers; this replacement process may have taken place after the xenolith was trapped by the mafic magma host (now an MME). Studies of the QAS xenolith provide new information on the emplacement history of the mafic magma. The peak metamorphic temperature for amphibole replaced by pyroxene is higher than the crystallization temperature of the subvolcanic magma, which indicates that the heat of pyroxene formation must have been provided by the engulfing mafic melt. This magma must have emplaced to crustal level and trapped the QAS as a xenolith and then injected into the felsic magma. We suggested that the hybridization processes for the major elements of the pristine mafic magma may have been contaminated by crustal rocks to form its present composition of MME before mafic magma injection. However, the hybridization process appears not to have been formed via a single-stage process because various types of MMEs are presented in the Mesozoic magmatic rocks of SE China. 相似文献
13.
微裂隙对于岩石的物理性质有重要影响.通过光学显微镜对显微裂隙进行的观察,难以将薄片的制作过程中产生的裂隙同自然裂隙区分;其次,观测的裂隙大小限制在0.1mm或以上数量级,一些重要细节观察不到.扫描电镜的高放大倍数和三维分辨率使其成为适合于裂隙研究的理想工具.利用扫描电镜观测了浙江花岗岩在室温下由51.6MPa压力产生的裂隙的发育过程.观察花岗岩的表面以研究其微裂隙和矿物的解理、晶形及破裂作用.微裂隙分为3种类型:晶体内裂隙(完全发育在颗粒内部),晶体间裂隙(穿过颗粒边界进入其他颗粒中),颗粒边界裂隙(沿颗粒边界发育或与边界重合).本研究中的花岗岩为中—粗粒(1～6mm),经过蚀变,约含40%斜长石,25%钾长石,25%石英,10%镁铁矿物(主要为黑云母和白云母).(1)石英裂隙表面的石英颗粒具有边界破裂和贯穿颗粒破裂.贯穿石英颗粒的破裂常呈贝壳状断口.变形集中带与滑动面相伴,其上发育有擦痕和沟槽,这是石英典型的脆性破裂类型.石英矿物的贝壳状破裂产状指示其变形作用早期的碎裂作用,在变形作用中发生交代作用.一些平滑的破裂面上没有石英颗粒的微裂隙构造,但在石英表面却有明显的擦痕面,可指示应力的方向.由于石英的各向异性,这些面也是由贯穿颗粒破裂所形成.一些开放的裂隙集中于石英晶体之中或沿 相似文献
14.
微裂隙对于岩石的物理性质有重要影响.通过光学显微镜对显微裂隙进行的观察,难以将薄片的制作过程中产生的裂隙同自然裂隙区分;其次,观测的裂隙大小限制在0.1mm或以上数量级,一些重要细节观察不到.扫描电镜的高放大倍数和三维分辨率使其成为适合于裂隙研究的理想工具.利用扫描电镜观测了浙江花岗岩在室温下由51.6MPa压力产生的裂隙的发育过程.观察花岗岩的表面以研究其微裂隙和矿物的解理、晶形及破裂作用.微裂隙分为3种类型:晶体内裂隙(完全发育在颗粒内部),晶体间裂隙(穿过颗粒边界进入其他颗粒中),颗粒边界裂隙(沿颗粒边界发育或与边界重合).本研究中的花岗岩为中-粗粒(1~6mm),经过蚀变,约含40%斜长石,25%钾长石,25%石英,10%镁铁矿物(主要为黑云母和白云母). 相似文献
15.
浙西南遂昌-大柘地区八都岩群在印支期变质事件影响下发生变质变形,通过详细野外调查和岩相学研究,可将其划分为3期变质变形序列：S1变形期,NW向片麻理记录的残留紧闭褶皱,共生矿物组合为石榴子石变斑晶及其内部定向分布的包裹体矿物,石榴子石+黑云母+石英（泥质）和石榴子石+角闪石+斜长石+石英（长英质）;S2变形期,区域性宽缓褶皱及NE向缓倾透入性片麻理,共生矿物组合为石榴子石变斑晶及定向分布的基质矿物,矽线石+石榴子石+黑云母+石英+斜长石±钾长石（泥质）和石榴子石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英（长英质）;S3变形期,NE向陡倾透入性片麻理及韧脆性断裂大部分被花岗斑岩脉填充,共生矿物组合为石榴子石变斑晶及其周围退变矿物,石榴子石+矽线石+堇青石+斜长石+黑云母+石英±钾长石（泥质）和角闪石+斜长石+黑云母+钛铁矿（长英质）。结合前人研究成果,八都岩群印支期变质事件峰期变质程度达到麻粒岩相,显示顺时针近等温降压（ITD）型的p-T演化轨迹,S1-S3变质变形反映出从俯冲碰撞到快速折返冷却的演化过程,伴随S3同期侵位的花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb定年结果,将该演化过程完成时间约束在229.7 Ma,可能是浙西南地区对印支期古特提斯洋域内印支-华南-华北板块之间俯冲-碰撞过程的响应。 相似文献
16.
拉热拉新花岗岩体属于唐古拉-东达山花岗岩带西段羌塘花岗岩区的组成部分,岩石类型主要为黑云角闪闪长岩、黑云角闪石英闪长岩、黑云角闪石英二长岩、黑云花岗闪长岩、黑云二长花岗岩、黑云花岗岩。其地球化学特征表现为：富Si,K,贫Ti,Mg,Fe,Ca,铝饱和指数ACNK〈1．1,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图式呈右倾斜的“V”字型,LREE富集,HREE相对亏损,铕亏损。其形成时代为早白垩世,为多期次同碰撞的同熔型花岗岩。 相似文献
17.
北大别位于大别造山带的核部,分布着大量的造山带垮塌时期形成的混合岩,其于理解大别造山带的形成和演化有着重要的意义。北大别混合岩的原岩为TTG（D）岩石,因黑云母和角闪石的脱水熔融诱发深熔作用产生。顺层产出的为富斜长石浅色体,主要矿物组成为斜长石+石英+黑云母±钾长石±角闪石。伟晶岩脉或团块为富钾长石浅色体,主要矿物组成为钾长石+石英±斜长石±黑云母±角闪石。暗色体为变晶结构,主要矿物组成为角闪石+黑云母+斜长石+石英±单斜辉石;其中,暗色矿物角闪石和黑云母常常定向排列,具有明显的溶蚀结构;暗色体中浅色矿物颗粒较小,以斜长石和石英为主,指示部分熔融的残余产物。全岩地球化学特征表明,碱金属元素（Na、K等）、大离子亲石元素（Ba、K、La等）和LREE等优先进入酸性熔体,而相容元素和中-重稀土元素等残留在残余体中。浅色体与本区花岗岩相比,二者都有右倾的稀土配分模式,富集LREE,亏损HREE。但浅色体具有明显的Eu正异常,δEu值为2.48~6.55,而花岗岩则有弱的Eu负异常,并且浅色体中大颗粒斜长石相互构成框架结构,含量明显高于正常花岗岩熔体,表明浅色体更可能是熔体早期结晶的产物。 相似文献
18.
Solomon Tadesse 《Gondwana Research》2004,7(2):481
The Lega Dembi Primary Gold Deposit in southern Ethiopia is related to the shear zone-hosted vein in the Neoproterozoic metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary succession of greenschist- to amphibolite-facies metamorphism. The rocks consists of a sequence of biotite-feldspar-quartz schists, carbonaceous mica-schists, amphibolites and basic to ultrabasic rocks. This unit is separated from a foot wall biotite gneiss by a major shear zone. The ore bodies are hosted in the volcano-sedimentary sequence and consist of swarms of quartz veins, lenses, and stockworks that propagated along mesoscale ductile to brittle-ductile shear zones.The mineralization is defined by a complex paragenesis of gold in association with Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sulphides, tellurides and sulphosalts. The presence of Ni-bearing minerals in amphibolites of the host sequence, together with the ore mineral association, suggests an origin related to mafic volcanism. 相似文献
19.
南岗-高公岛韧性剪切带是一条自南东向北西斜向逆冲的岩片边界性构造带,糜棱岩化作用强烈。韧性变形过程中,岩石中的主要矿物长石、黑云母等发生了不同程度的分解或蚀变并导致组分迁移。其中,活动组分的迁移是流体渗滤作用引起的,不活动组分的变异是体积亏损造成的。通过对韧性剪切带内不同变形程度岩石主要地球化学组分的对比分析,确立等比线斜率,计算出初糜棱岩的体积亏损率约为17%,糜棱岩的体积亏损率约为27%;质量平衡计算结果及等比线图表明韧性剪切作用导致SiO2流失量最大,其次为Al2O3,FeO、CaO、Na2O等都有不同程度的丢失,表明它们具有较强的活动性,MgO位于等比线上方,属于带入组分。糜棱岩中的石英或长英质条带和团块是长石的钠黝帘石化、绢云母化和黑云母的绿泥石化等导致SiO2、Al2O3、Na2O、CaO、FeO等活动组分从岩石中析出迁移形成的。这种岩石体积亏损和组分迁移是部分难溶组分富集的重要机制,对研究韧性剪切带中长英质条带和部分贵金属矿床的形成机制具有重要的指导作用。 相似文献
20.
本文依据大量测试数据,对金堆城地区花岗岩类主要造岩矿物学特征同钼迁移富集成矿关系进行了探讨。研究结果表明:异常晶胞条纹长石和正长石以及富重稀土和具明显负铕异常的黑云母是含钼花岗岩类标型矿物,并且可作为花岗岩类岩石发育地区寻找隐伏钼矿体的指示性矿物。钾钠长石和斜长石的结构状态和成分不仅可以提供有关花岗岩类成因演化的信息,其矿物本身亦可成为钼的载体矿物。岩浆期后,强烈的热液蚀变作用可造成钾钠长石和斜长石分解,并且引起钼的释放,从而形成高品位钼矿石。 相似文献