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试论地图学发展与技术创新 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
概念了技术创新的内涵以及我国20多年来地图学发展中的技术创新，根据制图实践及典型范例，总结了制图工艺创新及地图产品创新的优势，认为加强地图学与“GIS，RS，GPS”技术的集成和应用研究，网络地图发布与浏览技术研究，是今后地图学技术创新的重要方向。 相似文献
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光盘地图的研究与应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
光盘存贮技术的优点是密度高,容量大,存取快,保存长。它给地图学者提供了一种完全新颖的制图介质,为计算机地图制图和地理信息系统的发展开辟了新的前景。本文简要介绍光盘存贮技术的原理与特点,目前光盘地图的研制和应用状况,及其在地图应用方面的潜力。 相似文献
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地图制图自动化是地图学的重要目标之一,也是当前研究的热点问题之一,对地球空间信息科学的发展具有十分重要的意义。通过采用Representation技术,以昆明市入滇河道(管线)专题地图制图项目为例,研究探讨基于规则化数据驱动的计算机地图制图表达,部分解决了传统上必须通过大量人工编辑才能够完成的制图任务,特别是实现了传统上需要以破坏数据的GIS属性为代价才能够实现的地图制图效果,结果表明:基于规则驱动的计算机地图制图表达技术能够兼顾GIS和地图制图对数据的不同要求,可快速完成地图制作,并达到传统地图制图效果,节省大量的人力物力,具有广阔的推广和工程应用价值。 相似文献
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随着科技的发展,传统的地图制图得到了丰富和发展,航空摄影、卫星遥感、电子计算机等新技术和新理论的相继引进,使地图学的内容和地图的图型,不论其理论基础和工艺手段,都发生了很大变化。国际1：100万地图、专题地图、遥感制图、机助制图等相继产生,并在理论研究方面开拓了许多科学分支的新领域。展示了地图学理论体系的新变革,展示了它的生产与现代科学技术结合的前景,展示了地图新品种和新内容的迅速增多。 相似文献
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随着科技的发展,一方面,传统的地图制图得到了丰富和发展,另一方面,航空摄影、卫星遥感、电子计算机等新技术和新理论的相继引进,使地图学的内容和地图的图型,不论其理论基础,还是工艺手段,都发生了很大变化。国际1∶100万地图、专题地图、遥感制图、机助制图等相继产生,并在理论研究方面开拓了许多科学分支的新领域。展示了地图学理论体系的新变革,展示了它的生产与现代科学技术结合的前景,展示出了地图新品种和新内容的迅速增多。 相似文献
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我国是世界上地图出现最早的国家之一.历代有过一些著名的地图学家和不少重要的地图作品,在世界地图学史上占有重要地位.只是到了近代才比西方国家落后.新中国成立后我国地图学有了很大的发展.首先建立了国家基本地形图系统,并完成全国1:5万和1:10万航测地形图,编制出版了一批全国和省、县普通地图.在地质、地貌、气候、水文、土壤、植被、农业,环境、海洋等专题制图方面取得很大的成绩,编制了相当数量中小比例尺专题地图和全国与省区地图集.在地图投影、制图综合、专题制图、综合制图等理论研究方面已取得一批成果.近十年开展的计算机辅助制图与遥感制图迅速发展,已局部应用于专题地图编制. 相似文献
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机助制图在沙漠化研究中的应用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
随着电子计算机技术和计量地理学的发展, 使得地图学发生了深刻的变化, 制图自动化成了地图学研究的新领域, 并取得很大的成功。在应用方面, 已有了数字资料自动制图和图形资料自动制图的成功经验。 相似文献
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中国电子地图发展中的可视化问题 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1IntroductionSpatial data can be visualized and explored in various ways. Developments in hardware and software have led to and will surely continue to stimulate novel methods for visualizing spatial data and creation of electronic atlas information syste… 相似文献
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In this paper, we discuss the development of electronic atlas in China, with focus on the issues of visualization. We particularly categorise this development into four periods, and then analyse the characters in each period and discuss the visualization issues. The four periods are highlighted: 1) Infant period (<1990) characterized as computer assisted mapping with products of screen maps; 2) Starting period (1991-1995) characterized as object-oriented mapping with products of interactive maps/atlases; 3) Advancing period (1996-2000) characterized as integrated mapping with products of multimedia cartographic maps; 4) New era (> 2001) characterized as web mapping and adaptive map design with products of Internet maps and atlas as well as adaptive maps. It is obvious that the development follows the logical way from static to dynamic, and even real time visualization, from single user to multiple users, from presentation to exploration for effective communication and knowledge construction. Current research and development projects are focused on customisation of atlas information systems for real-time tasks, Internet operability, small displays and mobile environments. The major challenges involved in each of such customisation processes are identified and commented in relation to the further development of visualization. 相似文献
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中国山地垂直带的数字集成与基本规律分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
首次归纳出我国63类垂直带(包括31类基带)；在ArcGIS 8．3平台上,以山地垂直带谱“数字引擎”为内核,成功研制了“中国山地垂直带谱信息系统(1．0)”,将我国约239个山地垂直带谱进行了数字集成,使我们对我国垂直带谱数据的掌握从残缺上升为相对完备。该研究工作不仅为我国山地垂直带谱规律的数字分析提供了强大的手段,也为世界山地垂直带谱的数字集成提供了必要的理论和技术方法。还利用该系统,对重要垂直带界线如雪线、林线、高山草甸进行了空间规律分析。结果表明,除高山草甸经向变化缺乏明显规律外,其他垂直带界线的经、纬向变化的二次曲线(抛物线)模式比其他模式具有更高的相关系数。因而,抛物线模式应是我国山地垂直带宏观尺度上的基本空间模式。今后垂直带谱研究应在界线精度、带谱结构的地理学／生态学解释等方面继续深入。 相似文献
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Wang Jingai 《地理学报(英文版)》1994,(Z2)
CompilinganatlasofnaturaldisastersinChinaisabasistoresearchintoregionaldisasterssystems,torevealthetemPOralandspatialpatternofnaturaldisasters,aswellastoestablishcountermeasuresopinstnamraldisasters.TaldngtheuAtlasOfNaturalDisastersinChina"**asanexample,thisarticleinquiresintotheoreticalandpracticalproblemsaboutcompilinganatlasofregionalnaturaldisasters.ThebasictheoryofcompilinganatlasOfregionaldisastershasbeenfOundedonthecombinati0nofthesciencesofdisasters,cart0graphyandregiotalmhy.Theref… 相似文献
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S. Caquard G. Brauen B. Wright P. Jasen 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(11-12):1219-1245
In this paper we draw on the analysis of sound in film theory in order to explore the potential that sound offers cybercartography. We first argue that the theoretical body developed in film studies is highly relevant to the study of sound/image relationships in mapmaking. We then build on this argument to develop experimental animated and interactive sound maps for the Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica that further explore the potential of sound for integrating emotional, cultural and political dimensions in cartography. These maps have been designed to recreate cinematic soundscapes, to provide contrapuntal perspectives on the cartographic image and to generate an aural identity of the atlas. As part of this experimental mapping, an innovative sound infrastructure is being developed to allow complex sound designs to be transmitted over the Internet as part of atlas content. Through this infrastructure the user can select as well as contribute his own sounds. The overall cartographic message is becoming less predictable, thus opening new perspectives on the way we design, interact with, and modify sounded maps over the Internet. 相似文献
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Research and compilation of the Geomorphologic Atlas of the People’s Republic of China (1:1,000,000)
CHENG Weiming ZHOU Chenghu CHAI Huixia ZHAO Shangmin LIU Haijiang ZHOU Zengpo 《地理学报》2011,21(1):89-100
Geomorphologic maps are one of the most fundamental materials of the natural environment. They have been widely used in scientific research, resource exploration and extraction, education and military affairs etc. An editorial committee was established in 2001 to collect materials for researching and compiling a set of new 1:1,000,000 geomorphologic atlas of China. A digital geomorphologic database was created with visual interpretation from Landsat TM/ETM imageries and SRTM-DEM etc. The atlas compiled from the database was finished. The main characteristics of the atlas are as follows: Firstly, Landsat TM/ETM imageries, published geomorphologic maps or sketches, geographical base maps, digital geological maps, and other thematic maps were collected, which were uniformly geometrically rectified, clipped into uniform sheets, and stored in the foundation database. Secondly, based on the legends of 15 sheets 1:1,000,000 maps published in the 1980s, a geomorphologic classification system was built by combining morphology and genesis types. The system comprised seven hierarchical layers: basic morphology, genesis, sub-genesis, morphology, micro-morphology, slope and aspect, material composition and lithology. These layers were stored in the database during visual image interpretation. About 2000 kinds of morpho- genesis and 300 kinds of morpho-structure were interpreted. Thirdly, the legend system was built, which included color, symbol bases and note bases etc., compilation standards and procedures were developed, 74 sheets of 1:1,000,000 covering all land and sea territories of China were compiled, the 1:1,000,000 geomorphologic atlas of the People’s Republic of China was finished and published. The atlas will fill the blanks in national basic scale thematic maps, and the geomorphologic database could be applied widely in many fields in the future. 相似文献
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《中华人民共和国地貌图集》的研究与编制 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
CHENG Weiming ZHOU Chenghu CHAI Huixia ZHAO Shangmin LIU Haijiang ZHOU Zengpo 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(1):89-100
Geomorphologic maps are one of the most fundamental materials of the natural environment. They have been widely used in scientific research,resource exploration and extraction,education and military affairs etc. An editorial committee was established in 2001 to collect materials for researching and compiling a set of new 1:1,000,000 geomorphologic atlas of China. A digital geomorphologic database was created with visual interpretation from Landsat TM/ETM imageries and SRTM-DEM etc. The atlas compiled from the database was finished. The main characteristics of the atlas are as follows:Firstly,Landsat TM/ETM imageries,published geomorphologic maps or sketches,geographical base maps,digital geological maps,and other thematic maps were collected,which were uniformly geometrically rectified,clipped into uniform sheets,and stored in the foundation database. Secondly,based on the legends of 15 sheets 1:1,000,000 maps published in the 1980s,a geomorphologic classification system was built by combining morphology and genesis types. The system comprised seven hierarchical layers:basic morphology,genesis,sub-genesis,morphology,micro-morphology,slope and aspect,material composition and lithology. These layers were stored in the database during visual image interpretation. About 2000 kinds of morpho-genesis and 300 kinds of morpho-structure were interpreted. Thirdly,the legend system was built,which included color,symbol bases and note bases etc.,compilation standards and procedures were developed,74 sheets of 1:1,000,000 covering all land and sea territories of China were compiled,the 1:1,000,000 geomorphologic atlas of the People’s Republic of China was finished and published. The atlas will fill the blanks in national basic scale thematic maps,and the geomorphologic database could be applied widely in many fields in the future. 相似文献
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Tools that support public engagement with sustainability are essential for local sustainability planning. This research investigates the ability of two geographic information system (GIS)-based tools to promote discussion of sustainability in a suburban context. A local ecological footprint tool and a community environmental atlas (an environmentally themed online mapping system) were created for seven suburban boroughs of Montreal. Variations of both tools have been used to support sustainability efforts, but their use has not been widely evaluated. Working from a public participation GIS (PPGIS) framework that recognizes the powerful influence of data representation, this research uses focus groups to evaluate how well these tools address three criteria that have emerged from the literature on public engagement in sustainability: interdependency across systems, reflexivity about personal and social decision making, and interactions across spatial scales. Whereas the atlas remains advantageous for discussing local spatial specifics, it was found that the ecological footprint helped people see the interconnections among systems, integrate local and global aspects of sustainability, and reflect on the values and assumptions underlying current social and economic structures. 相似文献
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基于GIS的铁路地质灾害信息管理与预警预报系统 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
地质灾害对我国铁路建设及其正常运营所带来的负面影响日益显著,利用GIS技术对铁路地质灾害进行有效的管理与控制是减少灾害损失的一条重要途径。针对铁路地质灾害信息管理中数据的标准化、可视化、信息化和网络化的发展与要求,基于GIS技术构建的铁路地质灾害信息管理与预警预报系统实现了铁路地质灾害多源海量数据的统一存储与管理,集铁路灾害信息“数据采集-查询检索-预警预报-Web发布”功能于一体,具有较好的智能化与自动化能力。本文介绍了该系统的总体架构和功能特征,并详细讨论了系统实现中的三个关键问题:铁路地质灾害多源海量数据的采集与存储;铁路地质灾害分析评价与预警预报模型与GIS技术的耦合;铁路地质灾害信息Web发布系统的设计。该系统的最终实现及运行将对我国铁路部门减灾防灾产生重要的积极作用。 相似文献