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1.
协同虚拟地理环境中多用户交流交互模式及实现   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
依据现实中人与人之间交往交流以及人与真实环境之间的关系互动方式,结合Internet上用户之间的信息交流手段,建立协同虚拟地理环境中多用户的交流交互模式,并以此为基础设计了协同虚拟地理环境的系统框架结构。以陕西绥德韭园沟小流域淤地坝坝系规划为例,应用JAVA、JAVA3D、VRML研发了小流域坝系三维协同规划原型系统,并对协同虚拟地理环境中多用户的交流交互方式进行初步实验。  相似文献   

2.
随着GIS应用的深入,空间数据的可获得性已经成为影响许多从事地理信息系统研究和应用部门发展的重要问题.由于网络中内容和形式各异的海量数据的存在,元数据将为共享数据的快速检索与正确使用提供必要的保证,地理空间元数据是实现异构环境下空间数据共享的主要手段;在分布式环境下,通过元数据接口可以快速地发现各种空间数据服务.对基于元数据的空间数据网络分发系统所涉及的关键技术进行了较为详尽的论述,包括元数据技术、数据压缩技术、数据加密技术等,并给出了整个系统的体系结构.  相似文献   

3.
淤地坝是黄土高原水土流失防治的主要措施之一,明确淤地坝的分布、规模等重要参数信息对流域水土保持研究具有重要意义。利用遥感技术(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,结合陕北地区无定河流域高分二号卫星影像、野外踏勘及资料收集到的研究区淤地坝情况,对其进行预处理获取矢量数据,通过对比分析,得到淤地坝解译标志。针对榆林地区无定河流域淤地坝进行遥感解译,利用遥感及GIS软件实现淤地坝数目、淤地坝位置、水面面积、控制面积等主要信息的提取,获取淤地坝在定边、靖边、米脂、绥德、横山、榆阳、子洲和清涧8个县(区)分布状况。结果显示:研究区共解译出疑似淤地坝图斑1257个,其中榆阳区60个,横山区85个,定边县65个,靖边县19个,米脂县470个,子州县99个,绥德县316个,清涧县143个。由此发现,淤地坝主要分布于无定河下游区域的绥德、米脂、子洲和清涧4县的沟道内,且沟道内多存在耕地或水域。将淤地坝分布情况与地形、年均降雨量、农业种植面积和地质灾害等进行比较分析,显示其分布状况与这些因素相关联,表现为沟壑纵横的区域淤地坝较多,农业种植面积较少的区域淤地坝较多,年均降雨量和耕种面积比值较大区域淤地坝较多。由此,总结其分布规律,为未来淤地坝的维护和修建提供重要支持。  相似文献   

4.
从本土到全球网络化的人地关系思维范式转型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
谈明洪  李秀彬 《地理学报》2021,76(10):2333-2342
早期地理学关于人地关系的研究多基于本土思维,秉持“一方水土养育一方人”的理念。在严重依赖自然资源的传统农业社会,这一理念及其指导下的区域地理研究和区域管理实践,对于促进人与自然的协调发展起到积极作用。随着系统开放程度的增加,规模不等、层级不同的地域系统形成了一个相互依赖、相互耦合的地理网络。每个地域都是这个网络上的节点,地域问题的产生与解决与网络上其他节点有密切关联、与地域系统内外因素紧密相关,地域外因素有时甚至起主导作用。虚拟水、生态足迹、贸易隐含碳排放、资源纽带关系及人地关系远程耦合等概念和方法的提出,标志着人地关系研究范式从本土思维向全球网络化思维转型。依照新的理念和研究范式,传统的本土思维范式及建立在此范式上的相关研究主题(如区域承载力)应该受到重新审视。  相似文献   

5.
虚拟地理环境的多维数据模型与地理过程表达   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
该文通过剖析虚拟地理环境所表达的地球表层空间与其在计算机空间的映射之间的关系,定义了一维、二维、三维及多维虚拟地理环境;指出虚拟地理环境与传统地图、GIS的区别及联系。阐述近年来虚拟地理环境研究对地理学乃至地球科学研究方法和手段的影响以及对地理科学思维方式和重点研究领域的影响。  相似文献   

6.
关于虚拟地理环境研究的几点思考   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
该文主要回答了目前被频繁问及的有关虚拟地理环境的几个问题。重点阐述了虚拟地理环境的概念、发展现状及其基本理论、方法、关键技术与应用,以及与传统地理信息系统的区别。指出虚拟地理环境是在空间数据库和地理模型管理基础上构建的、同时表达地理静态和模拟动态现象的、面向多用户的分布式协同虚拟环境。因此,虚拟地理环境突破地理信息系统以数据共享为核心的框架,走向以数据库和模型库为双核心的知识共享平台,进而形成一个新知识的生成环境。  相似文献   

7.
网格GIS的研究重点在于利用网格技术,基于空间数据库实现空间资源共享。网格环境下,用P2P模型解决副本管理问题,可增强系统的可伸缩性和动态性。在网格GIS中,逻辑层与物理存储层分离,采用水平非交叠分片策略,依照空间区域把逻辑层划分为物理片段层。网格GIS应用系统应用GT4部署和实现,在网格上使用JXTA协议建立虚拟网络覆盖层,实现由门户节点、聚合点和物理存储节点组成的层次型全局副本目录结构。为提高空间数据发布效率,采用三层分布式索引结构,物理片段层和逻辑层分别采用R-tree索引和四叉树索引,通过软状态协议维护副本目录的一致性,并讨论副本目录原型GridSRC的实现和性能评价。  相似文献   

8.
受各种地理环境要素的制约,地形复杂区域产品、能源、生产工具等物质的流通阻力较大,建立基于阻力最小的物质流通网,对于区域发展具有重要意义。以GIS软件为分析平台,选择地形复杂的金沙江流域中段为研究对象,选取地形、地貌、植被覆盖、土地利用类型等为物质流通阻力评价指标,采用专家打分及灰色关联等评价方法,建立区域内阻力最小的物质流通虚拟网络。在该网络的基础上,分析区域内各城市的物质流通性,探讨出建立地形复杂地区最佳物质流通虚拟网络的方法。物质流通虚拟网络可为区域内道路、管道、电网的最佳线路选址提供科学依据;城市间物质流通性分析结果可为区域规划提供参考。  相似文献   

9.
决策支持系统(DSS)是多项计算机技术的综合运用。文章探讨了分布式网络技术、定性定量相结合的模型管理技术、定性推理与模糊决策技术、信息融合技术、综合集成技术、研讨技术等在区域可持续发展决策支持系统中的应用,提出虚拟化区域可持续发展决策支持系统(V-DSS)的工作模式,并探讨了V-DSS在中国沿海地区的应用。  相似文献   

10.
In a Web service‐based distributed environment, individual services must be chained together dynamically to solve a complex real world problem. The Semantic Web Service has shown promise for automatic chaining of Web services. This paper addresses semi‐automatic geospatial service chaining through Semantic Web Services‐based process planning. Process planning includes three phases: process modeling, process model instantiation and workflow execution. Ontologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) planning methods are employed in process planning to help a user dynamically create an executable workflow for earth science applications. In particular, the approach was implemented in a common data and service environment enabled by interoperable standards from OGC and W3C. A case study of the chaining process for wildfire prediction illustrates the applicability of this approach.  相似文献   

11.
The use of geographically referenced point data, such as that obtained from global positioning systems (GPS), is rapidly increasing. However, due to error and uncertainty inherent in most geographic datasets, the ability to accurately associate these point locations with other layers of geographic data is still a challenge. One difficulty in particular is how to associate spatially and temporally referenced point-based observations of a network activity with a network topology such that a continuous network path can be best inferred. In this article, an optimization method for inferring a network path from a temporal sequence of point observations of location is presented. An application to GPS data is provided to highlight various characteristics of the proposed modeling approach relative to several other available techniques.  相似文献   

12.
Great strides have been made in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) research over the past half-century. However, this progress has created both opportunities and challenges. From a geographic perspective, certain challenges remain, including the modelling of geographic-featured environments with GIS data model, the enhancement of GIS’s analysis functions for comprehensive geographic analysis and achieving human-oriented geographic information presentation. Several basic theoretical and technical ideas that follow the workflow and processes of geographic information induction, geographic scenario modelling, geographic process analysis and geographic environment representation are proposed to fill the gaps between GIS and geography. We also call for designing methods for big geographic data-oriented analysis, making best use of videos and developing virtual geographic scenario-based GIS for further evolution.  相似文献   

13.
14.
基于本体(Ontology)的空间信息互操作与集成方法研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
随着Semantic Web技术的发展,基于Ontology的空间信息服务是分布式网络环境下异构空间信息资源共享与互操作实现的可行途径.在对空间信息共享与互操作发展历程、Ontology的基本理论及国内外基于Ontology的空间信息共享与互操作研究现状进行系统全面总结概括的基础上,提出了Ontology驱动的空间信息共享与互操作系统的体系框架、服务流程,并提出了今后研究的重点.基于该服务框架构建的信息系统能将分散在Internet上的各种空间资源信息动态地集成在一起,实现分布式环境下异构空间信息资源的共享与互操作.  相似文献   

15.
小流域综合管理信息系统集成研究   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:14  
本文介绍的小流域管理与决策支持信息系统 ,是以小流域综合治理与科学决策为目标 ,以地块为基本操作单元的土壤侵蚀模型、生产潜力模型、成本效益模型与GIS的集成系统。该系统具有数据管理、查询、更新、处理、模型分析和输出等多种功能。分析模型与GIS集成的基本单元是地块 (landunit) ,在地块上实现模型参数的提取与传递、模型计算及显示与分析。在分析各种集成方式的基础上 ,选取了动态连接库及其扩展方式 ,实现了土壤侵蚀模型、生产潜力模型、成本效益模型、规划模块与GIS的紧密集成 ,以统一的图形用户界面 ,服务于水土保持的现代化管理和小流域综合治理  相似文献   

16.
There has been a resurgence of interest in time geography studies due to emerging spatiotemporal big data in urban environments. However, the rapid increase in the volume, diversity, and intensity of spatiotemporal data poses a significant challenge with respect to the representation and computation of time geographic entities and relations in road networks. To address this challenge, a spatiotemporal data model is proposed in this article. The proposed spatiotemporal data model is based on a compressed linear reference (CLR) technique to transform network time geographic entities in three-dimensional (3D) (x, y, t) space to two-dimensional (2D) CLR space. Using the proposed spatiotemporal data model, network time geographic entities can be stored and managed in classical spatial databases. Efficient spatial operations and index structures can be directly utilized to implement spatiotemporal operations and queries for network time geographic entities in CLR space. To validate the proposed spatiotemporal data model, a prototype system is developed using existing 2D GIS techniques. A case study is performed using large-scale datasets of space-time paths and prisms. The case study indicates that the proposed spatiotemporal data model is effective and efficient for storing, managing, and querying large-scale datasets of network time geographic entities.  相似文献   

17.
Recent developments in miniaturization of computing devices, in location‐sensing technology and in ubiquitous short‐range wireless networks enable new types of social behaviour. This paper investigates one novel application of these technologies, ad hoc inner‐urban shared‐ride trip planning: Transportation clients such as pedestrians are seeking ad hoc shared rides from transportation hosts such as private automobiles, buses, taxi cabs or trains. While centralized trip planners are challenged by assigning clients and hosts in an ad hoc manner, in particular for non‐scheduled hosts, we consider the transportation network as a mobile geosensor network of agents that interact locally by short‐range communication and heuristic wayfinding strategies. This approach is not only fully scalable; we can also demonstrate that with short‐range communication, and hence, incomplete transportation network knowledge a system still can deliver near‐to‐optimal trips.  相似文献   

18.
虚拟地形环境在游戏、仿真、虚拟现实等领域有广泛的应用,在网络环境下如何进行海量地形数据的三维表达与传输是目前研究的重点。基于对等思想提出一种适合大规模地形漫游的分布式网络结构,充分发挥客户机的作用,从而有效地减少服务器负载,采用多点下载数据,提高地形数据的传输速度。同时研究该网络结构下多点下载模型、数据预处理、数据流程和视点相关的LOD简化算法,实现网络环境下大规模地形实时漫游。实验结果表明,在分布式网络环境下,该文中提出的方案可实现大规模地形实时漫游。  相似文献   

19.
随着城市间网络联系的快速发展和技术创新对团队依赖性的日益增强,城市的知识生产也将越来越多的受到网络外部效应的影响。基于航空客运直飞航班数据构建城市网络,利用专利申请量测度城市的知识生产规模,研究了航空网络嵌入对中国城市知识生产的影响及其异质性特征。结果发现:航空网络的知识管道效应已经成为影响城市知识生产的重要因素,拥有更高网络地位、能够利用更多网络资源的城市具有更高的知识生产效率;航空网络嵌入的知识产出效应呈现递减的边际影响,知识产出水平越高的城市从网络链接中得到的收益越小;知识来源较多、创新较为活跃的经济部门将从网络联系中获得更高的收益,而技术问题可分解性较强、技术处于成熟阶段的部门受益较少;由于知识产出规模、主导产业特征的差异,中国东部地区城市创新活动从航空网络嵌入中获得的收益明显小于中西部地区城市。  相似文献   

20.
Satellite remote sensing and geographic information systems are emerging technologies in geomorphology. They offer the opportunity to gain fresh insights into biophysical systems through the spatial, temporal, spectral, and radiometric resolutions of remote sensing systems and through the analytical and data integration capability of GIS. The two technologies can be linked together into a synergistic system that is particularly well suited to the examination of landscape conditions through the interrelationships of scale, pattern, and process, a paradigm that has gained prominence in the fields of biogeography and landscape ecology. In this study, we apply optical and microwave remote sensing systems and GIS methodologies to case studies framed within the fluvial and alpine environments. We use the scale, pattern, and process paradigm to explore landscape relationships in those environments. Satellite image processing, change-detection analyses, digital elevation models, GIS-derived geomorphic indices and variables, composition and pattern metrics of landscape organization, and scale-dependent analyses are described and related to the study of river channel abandonment and the alpine treeline ecotone. We describe appropriate remote sensing and GIS techniques for geomorphic research, and demonstrate the use of such techniques in the application of the scale, pattern, and processes perspective in geomorphic studies.  相似文献   

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