共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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民勤绿洲北部荒漠区作为国家北方防沙带的重要组成部分以及石羊河下游生态保护治理区,在地下水水化学方面的研究程度很低。在野外调查、勘探及采样测试的基础上,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、离子相关性分析、Gibbs图及离子比例系数等方法对民勤绿洲北部荒漠区的地下水水化学特征及成因进行了研究分析。结果表明：研究区地下水溶解性总固体以及硬度值较高,水化学类型主要为Cl-·SO2-4－Na+型。地下水水质总体能够满足生态屏障区种植旱生、耐盐植被的需要。地下水水化学演化是由蒸发浓缩作用主导、风化溶解和阳离子交换共同作用的结果。地下水中超标的高硝酸盐氮水与牲畜粪便污染有关,高氟水的形成受原生地质环境背景影响。成果不仅进一步提高了区内地下水水化学的研究程度,亦可为民勤绿洲区保护、北方防沙带以及石羊河下游生态保护治理区建设提供科学依据。 相似文献
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民勤绿洲北部荒漠区作为国家北方防沙带的重要组成部分以及石羊河下游生态保护治理区,在地下水水化学方面的研究程度很低。在野外调查、勘探及采样测试的基础上,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、离子相关性分析、Gibbs图及离子比例系数等方法对民勤绿洲北部荒漠区的地下水水化学特征及成因进行了研究分析。结果表明：研究区地下水溶解性总固体以及硬度值较高,水化学类型主要为Cl-·SO42--Na+型。地下水水质总体能够满足生态屏障区种植旱生、耐盐植被的需要。地下水水化学演化是由蒸发浓缩作用主导、风化溶解和阳离子交换共同作用的结果。地下水中超标的高硝酸盐氮水与牲畜粪便污染有关,高氟水的形成受原生地质环境背景影响。成果不仅进一步提高了区内地下水水化学的研究程度,亦可为民勤绿洲区保护、北方防沙带以及石羊河下游生态保护治理区建设提供科学依据。 相似文献
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研究地下水化学特征及成因,可为地下水资源评价及水生态环境保护提供依据。采用Piper三线图、主要离子空间分布图、Pearson相关性分析、Gibbs图、主要离子比例图和氯碱指数图的方法对平罗县平原区潜水水化学特征及成因进行研究分析。结果表明:(1)研究区潜水整体上呈微咸水、极硬水;(2)研究区内潜水阳离子主要为钠离子,阴离子主要为重碳酸根,水化学类型为HCO3-Na型水;(3)蒸发岩和硅酸盐矿物是研究区潜水的主要离子来源;(4)研究区的地下水化学成分成因主要受蒸发浓缩、岩石风化、溶滤、阳离子交换作用影响和人类活动影响。 相似文献
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浅层地下水是任丘市重要的水资源之一,为研究其水化学特征及其形成机制,本文在实地调查取样分析化验的基础上,以水文地球化学理论为指导,借助多元数理统计的方法,从多个角度揭示了研究区浅层地下水的形成演化过程：① 通过离散分析,认为研究区各主要离子变异系数较大,说明研究区浅层地下水受人为影响明显,水化学特征复杂。 ② 通过相关分析,认为Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、以及SO2-4为研究区原始浅层地下水主要离子,而HCO-3与NO-3为外来离子且异源;③ 通过聚类分析,可将研究区浅层地下水分为A、B、C三类,其中A类处于Gibbs图中岩石风化端元,矿化度较低,为微咸水或淡水,含HCO-3和NO-3,受农业灌溉水影响;B类处于Gibbs图中岩石风化端元向蒸发浓缩端元过渡,矿化度居中,为微咸水,NO-3含量相对较高,受生活污水影响;C类地下水处于Gibbs图中蒸发浓缩端元,矿化度较高,以咸水为主,与地表水体连通性差,接近原始浅层地下水化学类型。④ 通过主成分分析,认为研究区原始地下水化学类型为SO2-4·Cl-—Na+型及SO2-4·Cl-—Na+·Ca2+型,受干旱环境下蒸发和海水入侵双重影响。 相似文献
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我国热带海洋地区珊瑚岛礁星罗棋布,岛礁地下水对海洋环境和植物生态格局具有重要意义。为了揭示岛礁地下水的演化机制,基于西沙某珊瑚岛礁水文地质勘察和野外水样品采集分析,开展岛礁地下水主要水化学离子现场和室内测试,分析珊瑚岛礁地下水水化学总体分布特征和主要离子组分之间的关系,探讨了研究区地下水演化过程。研究表明岛礁地下水水化学类型为Cl-Na型和Cl-Na·Mg型,在岛礁地下水潜水面处更易发生活跃的碳酸盐矿物的溶解作用,在海水掺混、蒸发浓缩和含水层矿物溶解及沉淀作用等综合影响下造成岛礁地下水不同离子组分的增加或减少。 相似文献
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对内蒙古杭锦旗气田区浅层地下水运用Piper三线图、Gibbs图、氯碱指数图等方法进行水化学特征及其形成作用分析研究,结果表明：杭锦旗气田区浅层地下水具有较高的矿化度,偏碱性,硬度较大,枯水期TDS浓度和总硬度高于丰水期;研究区浅层地下水化学组分在小范围内具有一定的空间变异性,地下水阳离子以Na+、Ca2+为主,阴离子以HCO3-为主,水化学类型主要有HCO3 Ca型、HCO3 Na型和SO4·Cl Na型;研究区浅层地下水化学组分来源于碳酸盐矿物、硅铝酸盐矿物和蒸发岩的风化溶解,且丰水期和枯水期水化学组分有微弱变化,地下水化学特征的形成以岩石风化溶解作用为主。 相似文献
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广汉市平原区浅层地下水化学演化及其控制因素 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为在广汉市城乡规划过程中提供地下水资源开发利用的基础信息,采用矿物风化系统分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和PhreeQC反向水文地球化学模拟等方法对广汉市平原区的浅层地下水的地下水水化学组分进行分析,确定了浅层地下水的水化学演化及控制因素,完成了地下水资源的质量及时空分布特征分析。分析表明：Gibbs图显示岩石风化主导该区地下水水化学特征,风化过程产生离子和次生矿物又经历水解作用,在矿物风化系统稳定场图中显示水样中铝硅酸盐矿物逐渐趋于溶解,碳酸盐矿物处于饱和状态;PhreeQC反向水文地球化学模拟结果显示在水流模拟路径上主要发生了钙蒙脱石、钾长石溶解和高岭石、石英、钠长石的沉淀,以及Ca-Na2之间的阳离子交换吸附作用;离子相关性和主成分分析进一步的验证了溶滤作用、蒸发浓缩作用和阳离子交换吸附作用是引起浅层地下水水化学过程和矿物组成改变的主要原因。研究区地下水水质总体不会对人体健康造成不良影响。 相似文献
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大沽河流域上游水化学特征及其控制因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大沽河流域是青岛市、烟台市重要的供水源区,为研究大沽河流域水化学特征及成因机制,选取大沽河流域上游补给区开展研究,采集35个地下水样品和5个地表水样品。综合运用描述性统计分析、Piper三线图、Gibbs图以及离子比值等方法,结合水文地质条件,分析研究区水化学特征,探索其水化学组成的成因机制。结果表明,大沽河流域地下水为弱碱性水,占优势的阴、阳离子分别为HCO-3、SO2-4和Ca2+、Mg2+。水化学类型共分多种,其中以HCO-3·SO2-4—Ca2+·Mg2+为主。大沽河流域水化学特征受水—岩作用、阳离子交换作用的影响,岩石风化溶解是水化学特征的主要控制因素,且阳离子交换作用活跃。Na+、K+、Cl-、偏硅酸主要来源于硅酸盐岩的溶解,Ca2+、Mg2+和SO2-4主要来源于碳酸盐岩的溶解,显著高于来自蒸发盐岩风化溶解的贡献。人类活动对地下水化学特征有较大影响,农业种植、养殖业等人类活动导致水中NO-3浓度普遍偏高,同时人类活动加剧了硅酸盐矿物的风化溶解,使得偏硅酸浓度升高,超过74%的水样偏硅酸质量浓度达到了25 mg/L。 相似文献
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黑河流域中游盆地水文地球化学演化规律研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黑河是我国第二大内流河,研究其水化学演化规律,对于区域水资源科学利用与管理、保障饮水安全和下游生态安全都具有重要作用。本文利用2014—2018年在黑河流域开展1∶50 000水文地质调查所获取的资料,研究了黑河干流和丰乐河两个典型剖面的水化学和同位素变化规律。结果表明,黑河中游盆地地下水主要来源于祁连山区大气降水补给,黑河干流区地下水氘氧同位素比丰乐河流域更为富集,反映了氘氧同位素的高程效应。在丰乐河流域排泄区发现了非现代气候条件下形成的古水,说明现在的盐湖盆地早期就是地下水滞留区。山前戈壁带含水层经长期淋滤作用,地下水溶解性总固体(total dissolved solids,TDS)较低,水化学类型以重碳酸型为主。溢出带以北下游地区TDS逐步增高,地下水类型以硫酸型、硫酸-氯型为主,具有两种地下水化学背景和演化模式:一种是石膏溶解-碳酸盐沉淀析出-氯化物溶解-缓慢的硅酸盐非完全溶解和阳离子交换反应模式;另一种在此基础上增加硫酸钠溶解演化模式。流域补给区和径流区地下水TDS升高的主要原因是溶滤作用。丰乐河排泄区地下水TDS升高的主要原因仍是溶滤作用,溶滤盐分的来源是表层的盐分,以石盐为主。黑河干流排泄区由于含水层较薄,水位埋深较浅,蒸发对地下水咸化的影响更大。 相似文献
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浅层地下水水位埋深浅、含盐量高,是导致河套灌区土壤次生盐渍化的重要原因.以河套灌区西部地区为研究区,通过对浅层地下水的水化学和氢氧同位素特征分析以及水文地球化学模拟,探讨了灌区浅层地下水的补给来源和主控水-岩作用过程,并定量估算了蒸发作用对浅层地下水含盐量的影响.研究区内浅层地下水为弱碱性咸水,pH为7.23~8.45,总溶解性固体（total dissolved solids,TDS）变化范围为371~7 599 mg/L;随着地下水咸化程度增大,水化学类型由HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca型向Cl-Na型过渡.引黄灌溉和大气降水是浅层地下水的主要补给来源,径流过程中浅层地下水受蒸发作用和植物蒸腾作用影响,地下水化学组分主要来源于蒸发盐溶解和硅酸盐风化水解,并受强烈的蒸发作用和离子交换作用影响.水文地球化学模拟和主成分分析结果显示,蒸发作用和岩盐溶解作用对区内浅层地下水咸化贡献最大,石膏和白云石等矿物的溶解、硅酸盐的水解、Na-Ca离子交换以及局部地形起伏对地下水咸化过程也有较大贡献. 相似文献
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在调查取样的基础上,充分利用前人成果资料,应用SPSS及地下水污染分析软件,对莲花山地区区域地质条件、水化学参数空间分布特征、地下水化学类型、地下水化学成因进行分析研究,认为：莲花山地区地下水的硬度较高且矿化度较大;HCO3-浓度的平均值最大,在地下水的离子中占据主导地位;TDS（溶解性总固体）浓度较高且不同区域间浓度相差较大;莲花山地区部分区域偏硅酸、锶达到矿泉水标准,是矿泉水开发潜力区;研究区Na+和K+同时来自岩盐和硅酸岩的溶解;研究区浅层地下水中的Ca2+和Mg2+主要来源于碳酸盐的溶解;莲花山地区浅层地下水发生了阳离子交换作用. 相似文献
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鲁中南地区古近系朱家沟组是一套具“磨拉石建造”特征的沉积地层,岩性以灰质角砾岩为主,受断裂构造影响,其富水性差异明显。在区域水文地质调查的基础之上,利用柴汶河下游古近系朱家沟组地层调查点与钻孔资料,分析其含水层特征、地下水水化学特征及富水性。结果表明:古近系朱家沟组含水层岩性为钙质胶结灰质砾岩,在90 m以浅裂隙岩溶发育,单井涌水量100~300 m3/d,局部>300 m3/d;裂隙水与汶口盆地南侧岩溶水化学特征相似,表明两者水力联系密切;Gibbs图显示区域地下水呈现岩石风化型,趋向蒸发浓缩型;地下水离子成分主要源于岩盐溶解,并受到人类污染活动影响。依据钻孔资料分析区内地下水富集模式为断裂型灰质砾岩岩溶裂隙蓄水构造模式,认为碎屑岩断裂发育段可作为应急找水靶区。 相似文献
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This paper analyzed regional hydrogeochemical evolution characteristics of groundwater with respect to hydrogeological conditions in the Guanzhong Basin, China. Coefficient variation in the subregion between the Shichuan River and Luo River of the Guanzhong Basin is larger than other subregions, reflecting the more complicated hydrogeological conditions of this subregion. The hydrochemical components and hydrodynamic conditions of this area have distinct horizontal zoning characteristics, and hydrodynamic conditions play a controlling role in the groundwater’s hydrochemistry. The relationship between ions, and between ions and TDS (total dissolved solids) can give an indication of many charteristics of grounwater such as evaporation intensity, ion exchange, and the sources of chemical components. Results indicated that for the coefficient of variation (the coefficient of variation is a statistical measure of the distribution or dispersion of data around mean. This measure is used to analyze the difference of spread in the data relative to the mean value. Coefficient of variation is derived by dividing the standard deviation by the mean), the minimum value of pH parameters is 0.03-0.07, the minimum value of HCO3- parameters is 0.24, while the maximum is the SO42- coefficinet at 1.67. A PHREEQC simulation demonstrated that different simulation paths roughly have the same trend in dissolution and precipitation of minerals. Along the direction of groundwater flow, the predminant precipitation is of calcite and gypsum and the cation exchange of Na+ and Ca2+ in some paths. However, in other paths, the precipitation of calcite and dissolution of gypsum and dolomite are the main actions, as well as the exchange of Mg2+ and Ca2+ in addition to Na+ and Ca2+. 相似文献
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玛曲高原区地下水是黄河的重要补给水源,然而其水化学特征及形成机理认识还十分有限。通过采集玛曲潜水、河水和黄河河道沉积物,系统研究了玛曲高原区地下水水化学、同位素特征以及水文地球化学过程。结果表明:河水和潜水的溶解性总固体含量低,分别为72~195 mg/L和207~459 mg/L,水化学成分以Ca2+和HCO3-为主,水样中砷浓度为0.46~17.7μg/L。氢氧同位素结果表明,地下水和河水补给来源为当地大气降水,河水相对潜水富集δ18O和δD。河水水化学组成主要受蒸发浓缩作用的影响,而潜水主要受碳酸盐岩溶解作用的影响。潜水水样SI白云石小于0的占68%,表明潜水中白云石处于不饱和状态。某些潜水砷含量超标的原因可能是沉积物铁锰氧化物矿物的还原性溶解,而砷的来源可能是玛曲河道和浅层松散沉积物中吸附态砷。研究成果有助于揭示黄河上游玛曲段地下水的来源及地下水化学成分的形成机理。 相似文献
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Hend Ahmed Ibrahim Hussein Adam Ricka Tomas Kuchovsky Maged Mostafa El Osta 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(7):170
The demand for water is rapidly increasing in Egypt, because of high population and agriculture production growth rate, which makes research of water resources necessary. The regional multi-aquifer system of the Miocene–Pleistocene age is discharged in Wadi El Natrun area. Intensive aquifer overexploitation and agricultural development in the area are related to groundwater quality deterioration. Hydrochemical and hydrogeological data was evaluated to determine the groundwater origin and quality in the south-eastern part of wadi, which appears to be more significant for water supply owing to lower groundwater salinity. The dominance of the high mineralised Cl groundwater type was found; however, also less mineralised SO4 and HCO3 types were identified there. Based on the ion relations, halite and gypsum dissolution and ion exchange are the most important hydrochemical processes forming the groundwater chemical composition. The Cl dominated groundwater matches the discharge part of the regional hydrogeological system. Contrary, the presence of HCO3 and SO4 hydrochemical types corresponds to the infiltration and transferring parts of the hydrogeological system indicating the presence of zones conducting low mineralised groundwater. The discharge area of the over-pumped aquifer in Wadi El-Natrun lies 23 m beneath the sea level with the shoreline being at the distance of 100 km, thus there is a real risk of seawater intrusion. Using the hydrochemical facies evolution diagram, four samples in the centre of the discharge area indicate advanced seawater intrusion. The zones of the highest demand for groundwater quality protection were indicated based on a spatial pattern of hydrogeochemical composition. 相似文献
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Hydrogeochemistry and isotope techniques to determine water interactions in groundwater-dependent shallow lakes,Wet Pampa Plain,Argentina 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Asunción Romanelli Orlando Mauricio Quiroz Londoño Daniel Emilio Martínez Héctor Enrique Massone Alicia Haydée Escalante 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(4):1953-1966
This paper gives an account of the implementation of hydrochemical and isotopic techniques to identify and explain the processes that govern solute exchange in two groundwater-dependent shallow lakes in the Southeastern Pampa Plain of Argentina. Water samples (lakes, streams, spring water and groundwater) for hydrochemical and stable isotopic determination were collected and the main physical–chemical parameters were measured. The combination of stable isotope data with hydrogeochemical techniques was used for the identification of sources and preferential recharge areas to these aquatic ecosystems which allowed the explanation of the lake water origin. The hydrochemical processes which explain Los Padres Lake water chemistry are evaporation from groundwater, CO2 input, calcite dissolution, Na+ release by Ca2+ and Mg2+ exchange, and sulfate reduction. The model that best aligns with La Brava Lake hydrochemical constraints includes: mixing, CO2 and calcite dissolution, cationic exchange with Na+ release and Mg2+ adsorption, and to a lesser extent, Ca/Na exchange. This model suggests that the fractured aquifer contribution to this water body is greater than 50 %. An isotopic-specific fingerprint for each lake was identified, finding a higher evaporation rate for La Brava Lake compared to Los Padres Lake. Isotopic data demonstrate the importance of these shallow lakes as recharge areas to the regional aquifer, becoming areas of high groundwater vulnerability. The Tandilia Range System, considered in many hydrogeological studies as the impermeable bedrock of the Pampean aquifer, acts as a fissured aquifer in this area, contributing to low salinity waters and with a fingerprint similar to groundwater isotopic composition. 相似文献
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In this study, the hydrogeochemical program PHREEQC was used to determine the chemical speciation and mineral saturation indices (SIs) of groundwater in the vicinity of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (USA). In turn, these data were used to interpret the origin and recharge mode of groundwater, to elucidate the mechanisms of flow and transport, and to determine potential sources of groundwater contamination. PHREEQC was run to determine aqueous dissolved species and minerals that would be in equilibrium with the study area’s groundwater. Selected major ions, associated SI, F− and Ca/Na ion exchange were then examined using the multivariate statistical methods of principal component factor analysis and k-means cluster analysis. Analysis of dissolved ion concentrations, SIs, and Ca/Na ion exchange allows simultaneous consideration of arithmetic (raw concentrations) and logarithmic (SI, ion exchange) variables that describe the hydrochemical system and, therefore, can provide further insight into the system’s behavior. The analysis indicates that the dominant processes and reactions responsible for the hydrochemical evolution in the system are (1) evaporative concentration prior to infiltration, (2) carbonate equilibrium, (3) silicate weathering reactions, (4) limited mixing with saline water, (5) dissolution/precipitation of calcite, dolomite and fluorite, and (6) ion exchange. Principal component factor analysis and k-means cluster analysis of factor scores allow the reduction of dimensions describing the system and the identification of hydrogeochemical facies and the processes that defined and govern their evolution.Statistical analysis results indicate that the northern, west face and southern Yucca Mountain groundwater is fresh water with low concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, Ca2+/(Na+)2, and CaF2. The Fortymile Wash groundwater is dilute. The carbonate signature is shown in the Ash Meadows and Death Valley waters with high fluorite SI. Finally, the Crater Flat, Stripped Hills, and Skeleton Hills are dominated by Ca/Na ion exchange, Mg and Ca. The hydrochemical and statistical analyses showed three main groundwater signatures or hydrochemical processes indicating groundwater evolution, potential flowpaths, and recharge areas. The flowpaths are the trace of the Amargosa River, the trace of Fortymile Wash, and its convergence with the Amargosa River. This appears to represent not just a groundwater flow path, but traces of surface runoff infiltration as well. 相似文献