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1.
Abstract. Boonea (= Odostomia) impressa is a common ectoparasite of oysters. In the laboratory, small oysters (Crassostrea virginica) parasitized by natural densities of B. impressa produced 75 % less new shell than unparasitized oysters. Shell deposition rates of previously parasitized oysters increased significantly after all B. impressa were removed. Thus, the decrease in growth rate, although significant, apparently was not permanent. B. impressa preferentially parasitized small, living oysters (≤2.5cm) in the field, even though a higher percentage of large, living oysters (>2.5cm) was available. The snails maintained an aggregated distribution on the oyster reef. The number of B. impressa per oyster clump was positively correlated with the number of living oysters per clump, however some clumps with few or no living oysters had many B. impressa. Thus, food availability only partially explained the pattern of distribution. B. impressa was very mobile. About 50 % of the population moved in one week. Reproduction occurred throughout the year with a peak period in May. Recruitment was greatest in July, however new recruits were observed throughout the year. The reduction in growth rate of parasitized oysters, the snaiľs propensity towards parasitizing small oysters and the snail's tendency to be contagiously distributed suggests that B. impressa potentially exerts a significant influence on the population structure and health of oyster populations. 相似文献
2.
Roger Mann Juliana M. Harding Melissa J. Southworth 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,85(2):217-222
Recent estimates of growth and mortality rates in extant Chesapeake Bay, USA oyster (Crassostrea virginica) populations are used to quantify changes in both population abundance (dN/dT) and shell accretion (dS/dT) associated with modern population demographics. The demographics of oyster populations that would be required to maintain reef accretion rates commensurate with sea level rise over geological time frames are examined using estimates of oyster longevity in pre-colonial (pre -1600) times combined with parallel estimates of pre-disease endemic mortality. The analysis demonstrates that modern populations, with their disease related, age-truncated demographics, are generally not capable of maintaining and building biogenic reefs through accretion. Estimates of filtration rates associated with Chesapeake Bay oyster populations prior to 1600 considerably underestimate actual benthic-pelagic coupling during that period. Pristine oyster populations would have supported water column turnover rates on the order of minutes to hours. Thus, the spatial footprint of oyster reefs was limited by available productivity in the estuary. Accretion rate calculations for pristine (pre-1600) oyster reefs describe the intimate relationship between benthic-pelagic coupling and the presence or absence of oyster reefs and the associated communities. 相似文献
3.
渤海湾西北岸沿海平原的众多埋藏牡蛎礁体内部,除正常牡蛎壳堆积层外,还存在一些水平夹层,以往的文献对其成因有多种解释。对渤海湾西北岸埋藏牡蛎礁体中所含水平夹层特征进行了研究,并与江苏海岸南部现代活体牡蛎礁顶部沉积特征进行对比,结果表明渤海湾埋藏礁体中局部范围内分布的水平夹层与江苏海岸活礁体顶部的现代沉积相似,其特征与礁体生长时的局部水动力条件有关;但是,江苏海岸活牡蛎礁顶部的现代沉积特征不同于那些大范围分布于埋藏礁体内的水平夹层的特征,后者的成因尚待进一步研究。礁体剖面记录的垂向层序,在反映环境演化的同时,也反映了礁体生长时的平面特征。 相似文献
4.
Underwater video reveals decreased activity of rocky intertidal snails during high tides and cooler days 
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下载免费PDF全文 Nearly all of our understanding of rocky inter‐tidal ecology comes from studies conducted at low tide. To study inter‐tidal organisms at high tide, we anchored waterproof digital GoPro® video cameras in wave‐exposed tidepools and recorded the daytime movements of the black turban snail, Tegula funebralis, over the tidal cycle between May and August 2012 near Bodega Bay, California. Overall, snails moved more quickly and presumably foraged more during low tides and on days with warmer air and perhaps water temperatures. This is similar to other ectotherms that exhibit increased metabolic rates, movement and foraging in warmer conditions. Snails also moved less during flood and high tides, may have moved downward in tidepools at flood tides, and showed evidence of reduced activity on days with larger waves. This inactivity and refuge seeking may have been a strategy to avoid dislodgment by waves. Analysis of snail trajectories showed foraging bouts indicated by alternating zig‐zagging and straight movement. There was no effect of temperature, wave height, or tidal phase on distribution of snail turning angles, suggesting that they may have foraged consistently but moved faster during warm conditions and low tides, thereby grazing a larger area. This is one of few direct recordings of inter‐tidal organisms on wave‐exposed rocky shores during high tide. The methods used here are easily transferable to other studies, which are needed to increase our understanding of behaviors that structure rocky shore communities during high tide. 相似文献
5.
When the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg) was introduced into France for aquaculture in the mid-sixties, it was initially confined to the sites where it was farmed. Subsequent global warming most likely facilitated the establishment of wild populations throughout the French coastline. This phenomenon of spread has become so great that oyster reefs have recently appeared in sheltered estuaries, on both soft and hard substrate. The present study examined two such sites in the Bay of Brest, Brittany. It is the first to investigate the impacts of this new substrate on the biocoenosis of uncolonised intertidal habitats in France. Increased species richness and abundance of intertidal macrofauna were observed in the presence of oyster reefs on both, mud (4 and 20 fold respectively) and rock (5 fold for both). The dominance of suspension feeders in mud changed to carnivores in reefs and their underlying sediment. Calculation of biotic coefficients (BC) of the soft-bottom fauna revealed only a slight organic enrichment, and the organic and silt composition in the sediment beneath oyster reefs were not significantly different from that on bare sites. On rock, the dominance of grazers remained unchanged between bare rock and oyster reef, while reef on rock was also characterised by deposit and detritic feeders. C. gigas is suspected to cause a homogenisation of coastal habitats with an impoverishment of overall quality but we detected only 11 common species between reefs on mud (60 species) and those on rock (55 species). 相似文献
6.
海洋牧场是维持海洋生态平衡、促进海洋可持续发展,以及满足人类对海洋资源需求的一种新兴技术和产业,海域中投放的人工鱼礁可以为牡蛎生物提供理想的繁殖和栖息生境。天津大神堂海洋牧场中已发现大量新生的牡蛎生物体,然而牡蛎的空间分布并不均衡,存在异质性,其影响因素尚未明确,需进一步探索和研究。本文立足于天津大神堂海域国家级海洋牧场示范区,基于线性相关和逐步多元回归分析,量化了礁体与牡蛎分布之间的相关性,明确了牡蛎分布的影响因素并识别了主次关系。结果表明：区域水深、坐底时长、礁体密度、牡蛎礁距离均对牡蛎生物量有重要影响,其中,坐底时长、礁体密度与牡蛎生物量为正相关,区域水深、牡蛎礁距离与牡蛎生物量为负相关,坐底时长、礁体密度及牡蛎礁距离等3 个环境变量对牡蛎生物量影响更为显著。本文研究成果可以为海洋牧场的建设和牡蛎礁的修复提供重要的技术支持。 相似文献
7.
渤海湾西北岸滨海湖埋藏牡蛎礁古生态环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对渤海湾西北岸沿海平原滨海湖埋藏牡蛎礁的分布形态进行了综合调查,并对位于礁体中央部位的一个垂直剖面上的礁体下伏沉积物、礁体内的泥砂质充填物连续取样。综合研究表明,该埋藏礁体生长于河流入海口处,长轴方向NW—SE、沿古河床分布。礁体开始建造于2445aBP前,基底坐落于当时的潮间带下部。持续建礁约160年后,至2287aBP时,礁体建造至潮间带中部海平面位置。随着岸线的推进,河流携带的大量泥砂逐渐掩埋了平均厚度约2m的滨海湖牡蛎礁。 相似文献
8.
Despite an extensive study of the fish community off southwestern Puerto Rico, little information is available on the fish spatial distribution along an inshore–offshore, cross-shelf gradient containing a continuum of mangrove–seagrass–coral reefs. We investigated the spatial distribution of reef-associated fish species using a stratified sampling procedure. A total of 52,138 fishes were recorded, representing 102 species belonging to 32 families. Significant differences in mean fish density were evident among strata. Mean densities at shallow fore reefs and deep fore reefs (Romero key) were significantly higher compared to the rest of strata along the gradient. Mean densities of fishes in mangroves and seagrass (Montalva Bay) were comparable to those at shallow back reefs and deep fore reefs offshore (Turrumote), but lower to those inshore (Romero); the lowest fish densities were found in mangroves and seagrass (Montalva Bay) and seagrass (Romero and Corral). At least 17 species, in 7 families, were among the most common in terms of relative abundance representing 76% of the total individuals sampled. A detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) applied to more abundant fish species showed a spatial pattern in density distribution. Three major groupings were evident corresponding to mangroves and seagrass (Montalva Bay), shallow and deep reefs (Romero), and shallow and deep reefs (Corral and Turrumote). A cluster analysis on mean fish densities of the more abundant species revealed a consistent spatial distribution according to biotope by separating the ichthyofauna associated with mangroves, seagrass and that of shallow (back and fore) reefs, and deep fore reefs. 相似文献
9.
Defense by association: Sponge‐eating fishes alter the small‐scale distribution of Caribbean reef sponges 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Recent studies have demonstrated that sponge‐eating fishes alter the community of sponges on coral reefs across the Caribbean. Sponge species that lack chemical defenses but grow or reproduce faster than defended species are more abundant on reefs where sponge‐eating fishes have been removed by overfishing. Does predator‐removal have an effect on the distribution of sponges at smaller spatial scales? We conducted transect surveys of sponge species that are palatable to sponge predators in proximity to refuge organisms that are chemically or physically defended (fire coral, gorgonians, hard corals) on the heavily overfished reefs of Bocas del Toro, Panama, and a reef in the Florida Keys where sponge‐eating fishes are abundant. In Panama, palatable sponge species were not distributed in close association with refuge organisms, while in the Florida Keys, palatable sponge species were strongly associated with refuge organisms. The presence of fish predators alters the meter‐scale pattern of sponge distribution, and defense by association enhances biodiversity by allowing palatable sponges to persist on reefs where sponge‐eating fishes are abundant. 相似文献
10.
Oyster reefs and their spatial patterns are deemed to change the local hydrodynamic condition and exert profound impacts on the grain size, concentration and transportation of suspended sediments. Meanwhile, high suspended sediment concentration often results in excess mortality among oysters. Oyster reefs are rare and vital ecosystem in Liyashan national marine park, Jiangsu Coast, China. However, urgent conservation efforts should be made on account of the drastic reduction in reef areas. To investigate the sediment dynamics and the geomorphology, two tripod observation systems were deployed and UAV aerial surveys with elevation measurement using Real Time Kinematic (RTK) were also carried out. High mud content (60%) was found in the bed sediment at the reef ridge, causing much lower drag coefficient than other recorded values of living oyster reefs, indicating the death of oysters and the degradation of reefs in Liyashan. Ridgelines of the string reefs at 45° to the current direction and high suspended sediment concentration in the water body (50–370 mg/L) that exceeds the threshold (200 mg/L), which would affect nutrient uptake efficiency and further result in gill saturation, decrease of clearance rate and associated deposition, were probably crucial causes of the death of oysters. The findings are useful for restoring natural oyster reefs and designing artificial reefs for nature-based coastal defense. 相似文献
11.
Ana C. F. Silva Vanessa Mendonça Rita Paquete Nuno Barreiras Catarina Vinagre 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(3):530-540
In habitats where competition for space is a shaping force of animal distribution such as in the intertidal rocky ecosystem, new habitats are readily taken by colonising species. We examined the importance of empty Chthamalus spp. tests as a habitat for the intertidal common periwinkle Melaraphe neritoides on Portuguese rocky shores. The role played by the space between neighbouring barnacles as a habitat for other species has been largely studied with regard to how an ecosystem functions, whereas the equivalent role of empty barnacle tests remains largely unknown. The small periwinkle is one of the most abundant snails in European rocky shores and is an important prey for key mobile predators. Biological facilitation is common in the rocky intertidal zone, where biological structures often potentiate the abundance of other species. The role played by barnacles as biological facilitators through habitat provision is not fully understood. In this study, the abundance and morphometric features of empty barnacle tests and their occupants were examined across shore levels and shores with differing exposures, as these are important gradients explaining barnacle distribution. The availability of empty barnacle tests was also experimentally manipulated to examine the percentage, time and length of occupation. Empty barnacles were more abundant on the midshore of sheltered shores and barnacle tests were wider on the upper shore but taller on the midshore. The minimum barnacle test occupation rate by the periwinkle was 70%. Barnacle shell height was an important factor determining snail occupation, where taller barnacles harboured significantly more, but not necessarily larger, snails. Snails outside the barnacle tests were significantly larger than those found within, suggesting that this crustacean group has an increased importance as a habitat for juvenile snails, thus potentially influencing the population dynamics of M. neritoides. We found that occupation of experimentally created empty barnacles was extremely high (70%) on the day after, and remained at 100% after 3 months of monitoring. Our study is the first of its kind to focus on the features of barnacle tests that snails occupy and their occupying snail traits. According to our results, it is clear that barnacles have an important role in providing additional habitat for young gastropods. The small periwinkle is an important grazer and prey for intertidal and subtidal foraging predators; hence, the potential refuge role of barnacle tests for juvenile M. neritoides may be important in the dynamics of intertidal communities. 相似文献
12.
H. John Cranfield Glen Carbines Keith P. Michael Alistair Dunn Dean R. Stotter Darren J. Smith 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(5):897-908
Epifaunal reefs in Foveaux Strait are oyster (Ostrea chilensis Philippi, 1845) habitat. One hundred and thirty years of oyster dredging has diminished the complexity and distribution of these reefs. Commercial densities of blue cod (Parapercis colias (Forster in Bloch and Schneider, 1801)) were discovered on epifaunal reef habitat in 1989 and became the focus of a major blue cod fishery. We document habitat changes that followed the closing of the oyster fishery in 1993 and interactions between the blue cod and oyster fisheries after the oyster fishery was reopened in 1996. Evidence from blue cod fishers and oyster surveys suggests that the benthic habitat of some oyster beds regenerated in the absence of dredging and that the relative density of blue cod, and then oysters, rebuilt to commercial levels. Benthic habitat was modified once more when oyster dredging restarted and the relative density of blue cod on oyster beds fell again. The observations suggest that rotational fishing of oysters could mitigate the effects of dredging on habitat and that marine protected areas could expedite habitat recovery. Increasing habitat complexity and blue cod density on a reef of oyster shells formed by an oyster fisher suggests that habitat enhancement might remedy effects of dredging. The questions raised by the observations could be answered by management experiments on the scale of the fisheries. 相似文献
13.
大亚湾大鹏澳牡蛎养殖临近海域自养微微型浮游生物种群分布特征 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
于2013年5月到2014年6月,在大亚湾大鹏澳牡蛎区及邻近海域开展了为期14个月的采样调查,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对表层水体中微微型浮游植物(0.7—2.7μm)光合色素进行测定,并应用色素化学分类软件CHEMTAX对自养微微型浮游生物(aototrophicpicoplankton,APP)功能类群进行分析。结果表明,该海域APP中共检出了15种光合色素,其中青绿藻素(Pras)和玉米黄素(Zea)是微微型色素中浓度最高的2种特征色素,均具有明显的季节变化特征:Pras主要出现在低温季节(牡蛎养殖期),而Zea主要出现在高温季节(非牡蛎养殖期)。CHEMTAX分析表明,大鹏澳海域APP最主要的类群是硅藻、蓝藻和青绿藻,而甲藻、隐藻、定鞭金藻、绿藻和金藻生物量较低。温度和营养盐浓度是影响大鹏澳海域APP的时空分布的重要因素,青绿藻主要出现在低温季节(主要在冬季牡蛎养殖期间),且其生物量与溶解无机氮呈显著正相关;而蓝藻则主要出现在高温季节,与温度呈显著正相关。另外,贝类养殖也是能够影响APP空间分布的重要因素,在大鹏澳海域牡蛎养殖期间,青绿藻生物量在养殖区明显高于非养殖海域。 相似文献
14.
Biogenic reefs built by oysters and other suspension feeders are vital components of estuarine ecosystems. By consuming phytoplankton, suspension feeders act to suppress accumulation of organic matter in the water column. Nutrient loading increases the rate of primary production, thereby causing eutrophication. As suspension feeders consume more organic matter from increasing abundance of phytoplankton, their rate of growth should also increase if they are food limited. We show here that the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin), from St. Mary's and Patuxent rivers, Chesapeake Bay, grew faster during anthropogenic eutrophication relative to C. virginica before eutrophication. Growth of shell height, shell thickness and adductor muscle increased after eutrophication began in the late 18th century. After 1860, growth decreased, perhaps reflecting the negative effects of hypoxia, harmful algal blooms, disease and fishing on oyster growth. These results are consistent with the view that an increasing supply of phytoplankton resulting from eutrophication enhanced growth of C. virginica between 1760 and 1860, before oyster reefs were degraded by destructive fishing practices between 1870 and 1930. Alternative factors, such as changes in water temperature, salinity, and fishing are less likely to be responsible for this pattern. These results have implications for restoration of oyster reefs in order to mitigate the effects of eutrophication in estuaries, as well as the paleoecological relationship between suspension feeders and paleoproductivity. 相似文献
15.
Marco Vannini Stefano Cannicci Elisha Mrabu Rocco Rorandelli Sara Fratini 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,80(4):529-537
Terebralia palustris is a common mud-whelk present at a particularly high density in all Indo-West Pacific mangroves. Young snails feed on nothing but mud while larger specimens are able to feed on fallen leaves too. In Kenya (Mida Creek) under the canopy, competition for mangrove leaves can be very high due to the high density of Sesarmidae crabs. On open exposed muddy platforms, no Sesarmidae occur but the leaf density is very low because the leaves are only randomly present as they are deposited and removed twice a day by the tide. However, the snail density is always very high, raising the question as to whether the snails use a special searching strategy to optimize their resource finding rather than a purely random movement. By analyzing the snails' movements on a uniform area at different levels and comparing them with simulated random paths, we could show that the snails' movements are not purely random. The distribution of different size classes of T. palustris in Mida Creek was known to be quite odd: the same simulation approach suggests that the zonation asymmetry could reasonably be due to the stochastic recruitment of juveniles in space and time and maintained by a substantial long-lasting spatial inertia. 相似文献
16.
For epibiotic or symbiotic marine invertebrates, alternative host species may differ substantially in quality, and under some circumstances such differences in host quality may lead to the evolution of increased host specificity. However, the fitness consequences of alternative hosts for epibiotic or symbiotic marine invertebrates have rarely been quantified. In Southern California, the gastropod Crepidula onyx is often found as an epibiont on either bay mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) or cone snails (Conus californicus). These hosts differ greatly in maximum size, with possible effects on size at sex change and final size in Cr. onyx, and thus on fecundity. Further, Cr. onyx on the two hosts differ in shell shape, possibly affecting the size of the ctenidium, which Cr. onyx uses for suspension feeding. We examined these potential effects of host use on fitness components in Cr. onyx. Epibionts on mussels reached much larger average sizes than did those on cone snails; further, epibionts on mussels often completed sex change at much larger sizes than did those on cone snails. On average, mussel epibionts had threefold higher average fecundities than did cone snail epibionts. Although there was a slight difference in shell shape between epibionts on the two host species, there was no difference in the scaling of ctenidium area with body size for Cr. onyx from the two hosts. The large average differences in fecundity in epibionts associated with the two alternative hosts suggests that there may be strong selection on host choice at larval settlement. 相似文献
17.
Short-Term and Small-Scale Variation in Food Availability to Natural Oyster Populations: Food, Flow and Flux 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract. Food resources and water flow speeds vary on short-temporal and small-spatial scales important to feeding in natural populations of oysters (Crassostrea virginica). To better describe food availability to the oyster population, micro-current meters were used to measure flow 1–3 cm above the bottom and frequent water sampling was used to determine the quantity and composition of the seston on Confederate Reef, Galveston Bay, Texas. The quantity and quality of food varied on time scales at least as short as 3 h and throughout the water column. Seston was high in detrital carbon, nitrogen poor, and had a high fraction of inorganic particles. The quantity of food at the bed was not predictable from samples taken near the surface. Water flow speeds were also highly variable. Whereas rapid flow speeds were measured, flow speed tended to cluster about a narrower range of slower speeds resulting in the mean speed being much higher than the median. Fluxes of food calculated from the quantity of food and water flow speeds were low and highly variable. Under most conditions, water flow speed was more important than food quantity in determining flux. Rapid flow rates could overcome low food quantity to result in relatively high fluxes, whereas slow flow resulted in small fluxes even if food was abundant. Changes in water flow rate associated with tidal changes and changes in speed are probably the primary agents controlling food availability on a daily basis. Decreased wind speed at night normally reduced flux in the early morning hours, for example. These results stress the importance of measuring food quantity and water flow speed on spatial and temporal scales important to oyster feeding. Model simulations of oyster populations at varying densities, flow rates and clump heights across the range of measured values show that flow rate is insufficient during most hours of the day and days of the year to prevent oysters from locally reducing food supply by their filtering efforts. Thus flow rate probably limits population density and adult size on Confederate Reef. 相似文献
18.
为了全面评价和考核湘江长沙段各洲滩近几年来采取的不同灭螺措施对洲滩钉螺(Oncomelania hu-pensis)螺情的影响,采用以系统抽样结合环境抽查的查螺方法,2003～2008年对湘江长沙段20个有螺洲滩进行了跟踪调查.结果表明,2008年与2003年相比,活螺洲滩数、有螺框出现率、钉螺平均密度和活螺率分别下降了40.00%,99.10%,99.74%,51.09%.经统计学处理,各洲滩有螺框出现率(Z=91.560 2,P<0.01)、活螺率(Z=65.133 2,P<0.01)不相同,但年度下降趋势明显.在20个有螺洲滩中,有感染性钉螺分布的洲滩5个,占有螺洲滩总数的25.00%;有感染性钉螺分布的洲滩逐年减少,感染性钉螺的平均密度和感染率逐年降低,2007～2008年所有洲滩无感染性钉螺分布.湘江长沙段有螺洲滩采取的各种防治措施中,药物与环改灭螺相结合的效果远好于单纯的药物灭螺.各种环改灭螺措施,又以抬洲降滩、翻耕垦种的灭螺效果更持久,更彻底. 相似文献
19.
在2018年的海南三亚西岛珊瑚群落分布和水质环境因子调查中, 共记录到造礁石珊瑚68种, 多孔螅2种。基于珊瑚礁底质类型的非度量多维标度分析, 可将西岛站位划分为区域1(东-南侧)和区域2(西侧)。全岛活珊瑚覆盖率为13.6%, 区域1和区域2分别为4.2%和27.7%, 区域2珊瑚多样性高于区域1。区域1珊瑚礁处在显著退化状态, 而区域2相对健康, 但是优势种类单一。与历史资料对比分析, 东侧站位造礁石珊瑚覆盖率从2011年的近40%降至2018年不足4%, 退化显著, 而西侧站位珊瑚礁无明显退化; 丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis)逐渐取代分枝状的鹿角珊瑚成为绝对优势种类; 珊瑚礁区浊度、溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN)和喇叭藻的δ15N均值分别为2.54NTU、9.63μmol·L-1和5.09‰, 均处在较高水平。相关性分析表明, 环境因子的空间变化并不能解释珊瑚群落的空间分布。因此, 推测人类活动引起的极端扰动事件可能是导致西岛珊瑚群落空间分布和东侧站位珊瑚近几年显著退化的主要原因, 如三亚河清淤在三亚湾随意倾倒引起的浑浊事件。应加强对三亚湾清淤和西岛人类活动的管控, 减轻颗粒物沉积和营养盐富集的影响, 促进西岛珊瑚礁逐渐恢复。 相似文献
20.
福建省位于我国东南沿海, 海岸线曲折, 港湾众多, 有多条河流入海, 适宜牡蛎栖息繁衍, 是我国牡蛎资源最丰富的地区之一。迄今关于福建沿海牡蛎种类组成及分布情况的研究报道尚少, 鉴于近20余年福建主要海湾经历了高强度的牡蛎养殖, 有必要了解福建沿海牡蛎自然群体的物种组成和数量占比等自然种质资源状况。基于现场调查取样, 结合采用多重种特异性PCR、ITS2杂交种鉴定和CO I测序共同鉴定福建沿海巨蛎属(Crassostrea)牡蛎种类及其分布情况。研究结果表明, 从福建沿海由北至南牡蛎野生种苗海区的19个采样点共960个样品中发现3种巨蛎属牡蛎, 分别是福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)、熊本牡蛎(C. sikamea)和香港牡蛎(C. hongkongensis), 并未发现以往报道的近江牡蛎(C. ariakensis)。其中福建牡蛎(607个)占63.23%、熊本牡蛎(343个)占35.73%、香港牡蛎(10个)占1.04%。除个别采样点外, 福建牡蛎和熊本牡蛎在各采样海区均有分布。香港牡蛎仅在泉州湾河口湿地自然保护区(新发现群体)有少量分布。研究结果揭示的福建沿海地区巨蛎属的物种种类及其分布为后续开展牡蛎遗传多样性分析和遗传分化等种群遗传研究提供了关键基础资料, 为牡蛎种质资源的保护和利用打下重要基础。 相似文献