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1.
河北省平山县阜平群是一套高角闪岩相岩石。根据宏观现象，某些地段曾经历过深熔作用过程。深熔效应以小觉地区的夕线石钾长浅粒岩最为典型。通过电子显微镜观测确认，所研究的夕线石钾长浅粒岩经受了深熔作用的改造，具有丰富而显著的微区矿物学标志。主要表现为前存矿物，如钾长石、条纹长石、石英、钠长石、黑云母和磁铁矿等，不同程度地被熔蚀，主要组成元素发生迁移和重组，沿矿物的解理、裂隙及粒间形成夕线石、石英、云母、长石、金红石等再结晶相。在深熔过程中，元素的迁移有两种可能形式：①选择性地从前存矿物晶格中移出；②通过前存矿物的熔融。Fe、Ti等元素从黑云母中移出，形成再结晶磁铁矿和金红石；Si、AI等元素则从黑云母和长石中移出，形成夕线石和再结晶石英。 相似文献
2.
周喜文 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2001,31(4):416-416
夕线石(Sil)是泥质变质岩的重要特征变质矿物,一直被视作高温变质矿物的典型,并常以其在岩石中的首次出现作为变质作用进入峰期的标志.然而近来发现有些夕线石并非产于高温变质岩之中,而是出现于变质程度较低的黑云片岩或二云片岩之中.因而有必要对夕线石的成因机制作深入分析,以便准确建立变质矿物的生成演化序列. 自然界产出的夕线石按其形态和产状不同主要有如下几种:(1)巨晶板柱状或竹节状夕线石,主要以变班晶形式存在于夕线石榴钾长片麻岩之中,形态规则、产出量大,共生矿物有石榴石(Gt)、钾长石(Kf)和黑云母(Bt)等,无堇青石(Crd).(2)针柱状或乳滴状夕线石集合体,常以包体形式存在于大颗粒的茧青石、钾长石或石英之中.集合体形态多样,有时规则排列,有时则强烈弯曲甚至形成小褶皱.该夕线石主要产于夕线石榴茧青黑云钾长片麻岩之中.(3)纤维毛发状夕线石聚集体,常与黑云母残片交生在一起,彼此呈渐变过渡关系.该种夕线石可产出在两种截然不同的岩石之中,反映其不同的成因特征.一种为夕线石榴(堇青)黑云片麻岩,夕线石沿黑云母解理缝方向呈纤维状分布,由里向外夕线石粒径逐渐变细,表现出一种熔融特征;另一种为含石榴夕线黑云片岩或二云片岩,这种夕线石和黑云母往往遭受了强烈的揉皱,呈不规则的毛团状和扫帚状,夕线石粒径极细以至在光学镜下很难分辨.由于矿物组合中缺少十字石(Stau)、堇青石和钾长石等特征矿物,表明其变质温度较低(相当于绿片岩相-低角闪岩相). 相似文献
3.
岩石化学成分,稀土元素组成及变质变形特征的研究,表明阜平群内矽线石石英“球状集体体”与其寄生岩石浅粒岩的原岩,分别为粘土硅质岩和长石砂岩类,矽线石石英“球状集合体”的形成,是呈夹层产生的薄层粘土硅质类在多期变形变质作用中,经不同程度布丁化,布丁压缩和布下旋转等改造作用的结果。 相似文献
4.
山东胶南岩群重新厘定及朋河石组的建立 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
胶南地区原划胶南群被肢解为三个地层系列：其一，下部晚太古代大山沟岩组、为黑云变粒岩、浅粒岩夹斜长角闪岩岩石组成；其二，中部早元古代胶南岩群，包括下部变粒岩为特征的邱官庄岩组和上部片岩、变粒岩夹长石石英岩、大理岩为特征的于家岭岩组；其三，上部震旦纪朋河石组，为变质长石石英砂岩、变质长石砂岩夹石英岩、变质砾岩和千枚岩等浅变质岩岩石组成。 相似文献
5.
内蒙古土贵乌拉孔兹岩带超高温变质作用:变质反应结构及P-T指示 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
内蒙古土贵乌拉地区分布了含石榴石花岗岩、夕线石榴黑云片麻岩以及二者以不同比例互层状组成的岩石,超高温变质岩以暗色含尖晶石堇青石夕线石榴黑云片麻岩条带或透镜体产于石榴石花岗岩和夕线石榴片麻岩中.基于[K]FMAS[H]系统以及岩石成因格子,认为超高温变质岩经历了三个阶段的变质:早期变质作用阶段,以同一石榴石颗粒中含有夕线石、尖晶石、石英等单相矿物包体为特征,表明变质作用进入到尖晶石 石英组合稳定域;峰期变质作用阶段,以尖晶石 石英、假蓝宝石 石英、斜方辉石 夕线石 石英三种超高温矿物组合为特征,表明峰期变质条件稳定在这三种矿物组合稳定域,指示变质温度高于1000℃;退变质阶段过程中,粗颗粒斜方辉石边部和核部Al含量的重新平衡,指示温度降低到950～970℃左右,表明了近等压冷却的退变质作用,随后由于快速抬升,发生了近等温降压的退变质作用,这个过程以各种反应边和后成合晶结构为标志,例如尖晶石与石英、假蓝宝石与石英之间有堇青石的反应边,石榴石外围有堇青石和斜方辉石的后成合晶.最后黑云母和斜方辉石分解为黑云母标志着高级变质作用的结束.内蒙古土贵乌拉地区超高温变质岩经历了逆时针的P-T演化特点. 相似文献
6.
周裕文 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1982,(3)
迁西群以混合杂岩为主,占岩石出露面积80%以上。变质岩零星分布在混合岩中。变质岩系由麻粒岩、黑云(辉石、角闪石)斜长片麻岩、变粒岩及黑云母(石榴石)浅粒岩为主体的岩石组成。岩系下部出现较多暗色麻粒岩,上部具薄层夕线石碱长片麻岩。为麻粒岩相区域变质岩石。其变质原岩自下而上由中基性火山沉积岩——中性火山沉积岩——酸性火山岩及火山沉积岩、杂砂岩夹薄层泥质沉积岩组成,伴有基性层状或脉状侵入体及小型超镁铁质岩体。在上部岩层中,赋存有条带状磁铁石英岩大型铁矿床。工作区岩层厚度4000公尺以上。 相似文献
7.
扬子板块西缘的康定杂岩为一套由侵入岩和变质岩共同组成的岩浆—变质混合杂岩,是研究罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解的重要窗口。长期以来对康定杂岩中的岩浆杂岩研究较多,但对变质杂岩研究较为薄弱。为全面了解康定杂岩形成的构造背景及成因机制,笔者等对扬子板块西缘的攀枝花大田地区康定群咱里组石榴夕线黑云斜长片麻岩进行了详细的岩相学、矿物地球化学、变质P—T条件估算研究,同时对同一层位的石榴二云片岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学分析。结果表明：石榴夕线黑云斜长片麻岩可识别出三期变质矿物组合：进变质阶段矿物组合(M1)为石榴子石变斑晶核部及其核部包裹体(石榴子石核部+第一期黑云母+第一期夕线石+钛铁矿+石英),P—T条件为609～690℃—0.2～0.3 GPa;峰期变质阶段矿物组合(M2)为石榴子石变斑晶幔部及变基质矿物(石榴子石幔部+第二期黑云母+第二期夕线石+斜长石+石英),P—T条件为643～732℃—0.20～0.51 GPa;退变质阶段矿物组合(M3)为石榴子石变斑晶边部及变基质矿物(石榴子石边部+第二期黑云母+第二期夕线石+斜长石+石英),P—T条件为602～687℃—0.27～0.3... 相似文献
8.
辽吉地区古元古界含硼岩系经过了中高级区域变质和混合岩化作用,主要由黑云母变粒岩、浅粒岩、电气石变粒岩、斜长角闪岩及富镁质含矿岩石组成,局部形成层状混合花岗岩。斜长角闪岩在含硼岩系内各个岩组中都有分布,岩石化学分析显示斜长角闪岩具有富钠、富镁、高铁、高钛特征,MgO含量成多众数值分布,辽东地区斜长角闪岩MgO含量高于集安地区,并且各类斜长角闪岩中硼含量都较高。辽东地区B、Cr、Ni明显高于集安地区,显示为海相地幔岩浆岩特征更为明显,集安地区则显示为变质热液改造特征。辽东地区斜长角闪岩的稀土地化显示为热液改造的幔源岩浆特征,集安地区的斜长角闪岩的稀土地化显示为壳源沉积岩特征。含硼岩系斜长角闪岩与浅粒岩稀土配分模式相似,表明部分斜长角闪岩与浅粒岩具有岩浆成因特征,而电气变粒岩、黑云变粒岩与混合岩稀土富集模式显示海相沉积泥岩变质成因,混合岩化及变质热液对原岩具有明显改造作用。斜长角闪岩石的地球化学特征表明原岩环境为富钠、富硼的海相环境,原岩主要是海相富镁拉斑玄武岩和海相泥质岩。 相似文献
9.
江绍断裂两侧早元古代变质基底特征及形成的构造环境 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
江绍断裂东侧出露的早元古代变质基底以一套遭受中压型角闪岩相区域热流变质作用改造的黑云斜长变粒岩、云母石英片岩为主，夹少量斜长角闪岩和大理岩，已遭受４期构造变形作用改造，从原岩建造和主要岩类地球化学特点推测它可能形成于大陆或大陆边缘类似于内硅铝盆地环境。江绍断裂西侧早元古代变质基底则以星子杂岩为代表，由变粒岩、浅粒岩、（十字一石榴）云母片岩和少量斜长角闪岩组成，已遭受中压型高绿片岩相一低角闪岩相区域热流变质作用改造，推测其形成于活动性较强大陆一大陆边缘环境。江绍断裂两侧早元古代变质基底在原岩建造、变质一变形作用等特征上存在明显差异，因此华夏地块和扬子地块在早元古代可能是两个地块。 相似文献
10.
东南极拉斯曼丘陵出露的中-高级变质岩是普里兹湾基底岩系的主要组成部分,是研究普里兹湾高级区组成与演化的理想对象。本文对拉斯曼丘陵米洛半岛地区的夕线石榴二长片麻岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟和地质年代学研究。研究结果表明拉斯曼丘陵夕线石榴二长片麻岩矿物组合为石榴子石+堇青石+斜长石+钛铁矿+夕线石+石英±黑云母±钾长石,经历了格林威尔期(～980Ma)高温变质,其峰期阶段(M1)的矿物组合为石榴子石+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿+夕线石+石英,变质温压条件为:～820℃、～9. 6kbar。夕线石榴二长片麻岩的岩浆锆石比变质锆石具有更低的LREE和更高的HREE含量,其原岩的沉积年龄不早于～1073Ma,物源主要为中元古代岩浆岩(S-型花岗岩)。拉斯曼丘陵在格林威尔期经历了陆-陆碰撞,进而快速折返、剥蚀作用的过程。 相似文献
11.
大兴安岭中部柴河地区钾长花岗岩的成因及构造背景:岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb同位素年代学的制约 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
对大兴安岭中部柴河林场地区钾长花岗岩进行了系统的地球化学及锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究,并对其岩石成因及构造意义进行讨论.研究结果表明,柴河林场地区钾长花岗岩中锆石具有典型的岩浆振荡生长环带和较高的Th/U比值(0.44 ～ 1.42),反映了岩浆成因特征.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果为133±3Ma.岩石具有富硅、稀土元素含量较高、相对富集轻稀土元素亏损重稀土元素的特征,Eu负异常较为明显,稀土元素配分图解具有右斜“V”字型的特征,并相对富集高场强元素和大离子亲石元素.以上特征表明,柴河林场地区钾长花岗岩为铝质A型花岗岩,是地壳岩石部分熔融的产物,具有典型A1型(裂谷或板内)花岗岩的特征,代表了伸展的构造环境. 相似文献
12.
Archean sedimentary rocks of very limited lateral extent from horizons within basaltic and ultramafic volcanic sequences at Kambalda, Western Australia, are extremely variable in major elements, LIL and ferromagnesian trace element compositions. The REE patterns are uniform and do not have negative Eu anomalies. Two samples have very low total REE abundances and positive Eu anomalies attributed to a very much greater proportion of chemically deposited siliceous material. Apart from these two samples, the Kambalda data are similar to REE abundances and patterns from Archean sedimentary rocks from Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and to average Archean sedimentary rock REE patterns. These show a fundamental distinction from post-Archean sedimentary rock REE patterns which have higher ratios and a distinct negative Eu anomaly. 相似文献
14.
High-Fe, intermediate-acid, charnockitic gneisses in the Arendal-Tromøy area of the Svecofennian terrain of southeast Norway comprise two chemically contrasting zones - one with normal large-ion-lithophile (LIL) element characteristics, and the other IIL-deficint. The noramal -LiLL-deficient varitties also have low ΣEEE, commonly with positive Eu anomalies. The normal-LIL rocks are enriched in ?REE, exhibit fractionated patterns and have negative Eu anomalies. Modelling shows that both the LIL and REE patterns are consistent with an essentially primary fractionation process involving the separation of cumulus (LIL-deficient) phases from andesitic-dacitic magma emplaced directly under the high-grade conditions, with the normal-LIL rocks crystallising from the residual melt. This process is interpreted as a deep-seated component of the magma system which culminated in the emplacement of some higher level rapakivi granite late in the Svecofennian event. The model presented does not require anorthosite to be part of the same magma system. 相似文献
15.
武当地块耀岭河群中两类不同性质的酸性火山岩研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
耀岭河群火山岩中可划分出两类不同性质的酸性火山岩:酸性岩A主要属碱流岩-白碱流岩类,酸性岩B主要属流纹英安岩/英安岩类。总体上看二者主量元素组成差异不大:SiO2含量为65.00%～79.85%,(Na2O+K2O)为5.26%～9.68%。强烈富集Th、Nb、Ta、La、Ce、Nd、Zr、Sm和Hf等微量元素,强烈亏损Ba、K、Sr、P、Ti等元素,稀土元素特征表现为∑REE很高(339.94～1152.85μg/g),具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.18～0.32),与典型的大陆裂谷流纹岩的稀土曲线一致。酸性火山岩B显示K、Rb、Ba、Th和LREE的正异常和Sr、P、Ti和Nb的负异常,Eu具弱负异常(δEu=0.64～0.88),表现出与酸性火山岩A迥然不同的微量元素及稀土元素特征,而与耀岭河群基性火山岩相似,显示其成因可能与之有相同源区。 相似文献
16.
John C. Volesky Robert J. Stern Jan M. Peter Daniel Layton-Matthews Sarah Rice 《International Geology Review》2017,59(16):1975-2002
The Wadi Bidah Mineral District of Saudi Arabia contains more than 16 small outcropping stratabound volcanogenic Cu–Zn–(Pb) ± Au-bearing massive sulphide deposits and associated zones of hydrothermal alteration. Here, we use major and trace element analyses of massive sulphides, gossans, and hydrothermally altered and least altered metamorphosed host rock (schist) from two of the deposits (Shaib al Tair and Rabathan) to interpret the geochemical and petrological evolution of the host rocks and gossanization of the mineralization. Tectonic interpretations utilize high-field-strength elements, including the rare earth elements (REE), because they are relatively immobile during hydrothermal alteration, low-grade metamorphism, and supergene weathering and therefore are useful in constraining the source, composition, and physicochemical parameters of the primary igneous rocks, the mineralizing hydrothermal fluid and subsequent supergene weathering processes. Positive Eu anomalies in some of the massive sulphide samples are consistent with a high temperature (>250°C) hydrothermal origin, consistent with the Cu contents (up to 2 wt.%) of the massive sulphides. The REE profiles of the gossans are topologically similar to nearby hydrothermally altered felsic schists (light REE (LREE)-enriched to concave-up REE profiles, with or without positive Eu anomalies) suggesting that the REE experienced little fractionation during metamorphism or supergene weathering. Hydrothermally altered rocks (now schists) close to the massive sulphide deposits have high base metals and Ba contents and have concave-up REE patterns, in contrast to the least altered host rocks, consistent with greater mobility of the middle REE compared to the light and heavy REE during hydrothermal alteration. The gossans are interpreted to represent relict massive sulphides that have undergone supergene weathering; ‘chert’ beds within these massive sulphide deposits may be leached wall-rock gossans that experienced silicification and Pb–Ba–Fe enrichment from acidic groundwaters generated during gossan formation. 相似文献
17.
广州市增城地质公园发育有大量的燕山期安山岩和流纹岩,由于缺少详细的岩石地球化学研究,这些火山岩的成因和所代表的大地构造意义一直未明确。文章对上述火山岩进行了较为系统的全岩地球化学以及同位素地球化学分析。研究结果显示,安山岩具有安第斯型火山岩特点,显示Nb、Ta、Sr和Ti的亏损,Isr值介于0.70332~0.7144,平均值0.7092,岩石稀土总量较低(ΣREE=158.9×10^-6~215.0×10^-6),平均值186.8×10^-6,轻重稀土元素分异较弱((La/Yb)N5.06~9.87),平均值7.01,Eu负异常不明显(δEu=0.80~1.38),平均值δEu=0.94。流纹岩具有高钾特点,有明显的Ba、Sr、P、Eu、Ti负异常和Pb、Yb正异常,其Isr值介于0.71393~0.73650,平均值0.72615,岩石稀土总量较低(ΣREE=93.4×10^-6~481.5×10^-6),平均值285.7×10^-6,轻重稀土元素分异弱((La/Yb)N=0.65~9.51),平均值4.35,Eu负异常很明显(δEu=0.01~0.03),平均值δEu=0.02,全岩Rb-Sr同位素年龄为(112±12)Ma。综合的地球化学研究表明,增城地质公园安山质-流纹质火山岩均属壳幔混合成因,其中安山岩以幔源为主,而流纹岩则以壳源为主,分别形成于早侏罗世和早白垩世太平洋板块俯冲碰撞挤压的构造背景下。这对华南地区中生代构造演化的深入认识具有重要的地质意义。 相似文献
18.
E. N. Terekhov 《Geochemistry International》2007,45(4):364-380
The paper reports data on the distribution of REE in metasomatic rocks, including those with corundum, that were formed during the exhumation of the rocks of the Belomorian Belt at 1.9–1.75 Ga. This process is thought to have occurred concurrently with the horizontal extension and tectonic denudation of the upper crust, which, in turn, induced the massive release of fluids. The latter formed two major groups of silicic metasomatic rocks. The deepest-sitting corundum-bearing and other mafic metasomatic rocks are enriched in REE, alkalis, and alumina compared to the host rocks. The coeval acid metasomatic rocks such as orthotectites are, conversely, depleted in REE (with positive Eu anomalies), mafic elements, and HFSE but are also enriched in alumina. These complimentary rocks are thought to have been produced early during the exhumation of deep rocks under the effect of reduced fluids whose genesis was related to decompression. The silicic metasomatic rocks of the second group (with muscovite) have elevated REE concentrations (with negative Eu anomalies) and were formed by already oxidized fluids at shallower depths. The fact that the corundum-bearing metasomatic rocks are enriched in REE (in spite of the ultrabasic composition of these rocks) suggests that they were generated in an extensional environment with the participation of deep fluids, which enriched the rocks in Al, Na, K, Ba, Sr, Zr, and LREE. 相似文献
19.
滇西梁河地区钾长花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在详细区域地质调查的基础上,对滇西梁河地区具有代表性的两件钾长花岗岩样品中的锆石进行了阴极发光图像、微区原位LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析和U-Pb定年。结果表明,梁河地区钾长花岗岩锆石显示振荡环带的内部结构,指示其岩浆成因;两件样品的锆石具有较高的Th、U含量,稀土元素总量较高,轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集,明显的的Ce正异常和Eu负异常的稀土配分模式,说明其壳源岩浆锆石特征;两件样品的锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别是(60.7±0.6)Ma和(115.8±1.0)Ma,属古新世和早白垩世花岗岩。结合区域地质特征,腾冲地块在中生代晚期-新生代早期发生多期岩浆作用,揭示滇西三江地区特提斯演化的岩浆响应,为青藏高原东缘地区地质演化的动力过程提供约束。 相似文献
20.
Mainly high-K, calc-alkaline, Late Miocene to Pliocene volcanic rocks cropped out of the Konya area in Central Anatolia, Turkey. The volcanic rocks are predominantly andesitic to dacitic in composition and rarely basalt, basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite and pyroclastics. Kaolinite, illite, Ca-montmorillonite, alunite, jarosite, minamiite and silica polymorphs were formed by widespread and intense hydrothermal alteration in or around the volcanic products. To investigate the effects of hydrothermal alteration on the chemistry of volcanic rocks, the whole rock chemical composition (major and trace elements, including rare-earth elements (REE) was analysed. The results of the study demonstrate notable differences in the REE behaviour in the different sample groups. REE trends of fresh parent rocks to weakly-, moderately-altered, kaolinitic and alunitic rocks are characterised by strong LREE enrichment ((La/Lu)cn = 14.57, 11,8 to 15.20, 4.54 to 13.30, 12.5 to 24.2 and 34.6 to 47.26, respectively). Most of the samples have pronounced negative and/or weakly-negative Eu anomalies ranging from 0.75 to 0.98 while three samples have weakly-positive Eu anomalies. LRE element contents are higher than those of HREE in the samples. The LRE elements were strongly enriched in the kaolinitic and alunitic alteration; in weakly- and moderately-altered rocks. LREE are nearly immobile whereas HRE elements show different behaviour in different rock groups. The HFS and TRT elements are slightly mobilised in weakly-altered rocks, but enriched in other alteration types. Elements commonly assumed to be immobile (e.g. Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, TiO2, Al2O3, REE) show variation in mass calculation. LIL elements showed enrichment over LREE and MREE, and similar behaviour, in contrast with HFSE. A clear increment of trans-transition elements (TRTE) was found mainly in alunitic and partly in kaolinitic samples. 相似文献