共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
1.
地震荷载下饱和砂土孔压增长时程计算方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用逐波累计方法,依据适于不同固结条件的孔压增量模型,计算每一应力循环的孔压变化,可给出非均等固结复杂情况下孔压实时增长过程。采用不同固结比两种砂进行若干典型地震荷载动三轴液化试验,试验结果与所提方法的计算结果有良好对应关系,表明本文方法可有效地描述地震荷载作用下非均等固结饱和砂土孔压增长过程。 相似文献
2.
《世界地震工程》2017,(1)
通过室内动三轴试验,分析了饱和细砂的动剪切模量演变特性和孔压效应,同时分析了循环荷载作用下相对密度、初始围压等因素的影响,提出了考虑孔压效应条件下饱和细砂动剪切模量的衰减特性,建立了动剪切模量比随孔压比增大而衰减的经验公式。结果表明:不同相对密度饱和细砂的应力-应变滞回圈的变化趋势显著不同;动孔压波动频繁并随时间逐步增长,并且不同的围压和相对密度对孔压比的增长有一定的影响;饱和细砂的动剪切模量随着孔压比的增大而逐渐减小,但不同相对密度饱和细砂的衰减趋势有所不同。通过拟合的曲线可以描述并预测不同相对密度饱和细砂的动剪切模量比随孔压比的衰减特性,具有较好的效果。 相似文献
3.
《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(6)
给出了基于颗粒离散元模拟饱和砂土不排水循环三轴试验的模型和方法。基于计算结果,分析了模拟试样在循环荷载下的流动性及主要特征。结果表明,数值模拟得到的循环荷载下饱和砂土宏观动力响应与室内动三轴试验结果基本一致,控制应变幅值和有效固结压力对试样宏观动力响应的影响规律符合已有的认识;控制应变幅值对模拟试样的平均流动系数-孔压比关系曲线基本无影响,模拟试样的流动性演变与孔压状态相关;有效固结压力限制试样流动性的增长。验证了基于颗粒流细观模拟方法分析饱和砂土流动性的可行性。 相似文献
4.
动剪切模量和阻尼比是重大工程开展场地地震反应分析必不可少的参数。完成了南京细砂的自振柱和动三轴试验,研究了固结围压、孔隙比、含水量和荷载频率对动剪切模量和阻尼比的影响。试验结果表明:固结围压和孔隙比对最大动剪切模量的影响显著,建立了最大剪切模量与固结围压、孔隙比之间的经验关系,最大剪切模量随细砂中含水量的增加而减小并趋于稳定;固结围压对动剪切模量比具有一定影响,其他3个因素对动剪切模量比和阻尼比的影响不明显;排水条件下泊松比随剪应变幅值的增大而增大,剪应变幅值在1.0×10-4~1.0×10-3范围时,泊松比增大的趋势更加明显;采用自振柱和动三轴试验测试得到的动剪切模量比和阻尼比基本一致。 相似文献
5.
《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(1)
循环加载条件下砂土的行为特性研究过去主要集中在松砂和中密砂方面。本文利用全自动三轴仪,对相对密度为80%的平潭砂进行了单调和循环荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了围压、固结侧压力系数、循环应力比对不排水条件下密砂超静孔压发展的影响规律。结果表明,固结侧压力系数和循环应力比共同影响土体的偏应力状态,它们对密砂的孔压发展有着决定性的作用。固结侧压力系数较大时,偏应力出现周期性的反向,超静孔压增长较快,砂土表现出典型的循环流动现象;而固结侧压力系数较小时,循环加载过程中偏应力始终在三轴压缩区内,产生的超静孔压较小,经过一定的周期数后,一个周期内由剪胀引起的超静孔压减小值正好等于由于剪缩所引起的超静孔压增大值,累积的超静孔压不再随周期数的增加而增大,密砂进入"周期稳定状态",而在文献中关于松砂和中密砂的循环加载试验尚无存在该现象的报道。 相似文献
6.
主应力轴持续旋转条件下饱和松砂的振动孔隙水压力特性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用新研制的“土工静力-动力液压三轴-扭剪多功能剪切仪”,针对福建标准松砂,在三向非均等固结条件下,进行了能够模拟海洋波浪荷载作用下主应力轴连续旋转的循环耦合剪切试验。通过试验着重探讨了初始主应力方向、振动过程中主应力方向连续变化对不排水条件下砂土的振动孔隙水压力增长特性的影响。实验研究表明:在振动过程中主应力轴连续旋转的条件下,初始主应力方向对砂土的动孔压比与振次比之间关系具有显著的影响,随着初始大主应力与竖向之间夹角的增大,动孔压比的增长速度明显加快,具有较好的规律性;归一化孔压比与广义剪应变之间的关系基本上与初始主应力方向角和振动剪应力幅值无关。 相似文献
7.
针对高铁列车荷载引起的地基长期沉降,既有动三轴试验研究往往忽略高铁运营期间存在间歇期、加载方式实际为分阶段加载的情况。基于此,本文通过一系列循环三轴试验研究间歇阶段固结排水条件下上海饱和软黏土在动应力影响下的动力特性,并探讨不同动应力和不同加载方式对土体轴向累积塑性应变的影响。研究结果表明：在不同动应力影响下,间歇期固结排水产生的轴向累积塑性应变增量随间歇阶段的后移始终呈非线性减小的发展趋势;当振次相同并且动应力幅值为10 kPa时,分阶段加载产生的累积塑性应变大约是连续加载的3倍;当振次相同并且动应力幅值为30 kPa时,连续加载产生的超孔压大约是分阶段加载产生的超孔压的5倍。分阶段加载使高铁地基产生更大的沉降,对高铁运营的安全性提出更高的要求。 相似文献
8.
基于软件ABAQUS的二次开发平台,引入Byrne修正的Martin和Finn孔压应变模型,并与土体动力黏塑性记忆型嵌套面模型相结合,通过编制Fortran子程序,嵌入到软件ABAQUS中,实现了软件ABAQUS的有效应力算法,对南京片状细砂土的不排水循环三轴试验进行三维数值仿真。通过与循环三轴试验结果的比较,发现数值模拟结果基本上能再现南京片状细砂的不排水循环特性,如不排水循环三轴试验的动应力?应变关系、应变累积、应变软化等;且数值仿真结果较好地反映了试验结果的振动孔压发展特征。研究的意义在于理想三维数值模拟试验能够突破常规的室内土工试验能力及其局限性,这为今后饱和砂土不排水循环特性的宏、细观机理的进一步研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
9.
土单元永久应变势的预测模型是土动力学的重要研究内容之一。现有的土单元永久应变势模型没有反映振动孔压增长的影响,难以合理解释地震动作用引起的饱和砂土地基永久变形一般是由土层软化或再固结变形所致的机理。基于饱和南京细砂永久变形动三轴试验结果的有效应力状态分析,研究了试样的永久变形与振动孔压增长的关系,建立了一个能反映振动孔压增长影响的土单元永久应变势模型,给出了土单元永久应变势的数学表达式,分析了土单元永久应变势模型参数的影响因素。初步的验证性试验表明:模型预测与试验测得的试样永久应变势与振动孔压增长曲线比较接近,说明该模型具有一定的合理性。 相似文献
10.
《地球物理学进展》2016,(6)
在均等固结与非均等固结两种情况下,通过改变围压、轴压取值,进行了多组的粉质粘土的动剪切模量与阻尼比的相关试验.试验结果得出,在均等固结条件下,施加围压、轴压越大,其动剪切模量比数值越大;轴压、围压分别由100 k Pa增加到200 k Pa、300 k Pa,动剪切模量比随之增大,增加幅值为10%左右;阻尼比受围压、轴压影响的变化规律性不明显.在非均等固结条件下,固结比越大,其动剪切模量比数值越大;固结比数值从1增加到2,其动剪模量比增加幅值为30%左右;固结比数值从2增加到3,其动剪模量比增加幅值为10%左右;随着固结比的增加,增幅减小;其阻尼比受固结比影响的变化规律性不明显.其研究成果可为土动剪切试验的固结参数正确取值提供参考依据,并为岩土动力学特性科研工作提供基础试验资料. 相似文献
11.
复杂应力条件下松砂振动孔隙水压力与体变特性的试验研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
利用新研制的土工静力-动力液压三轴-扭转多功能剪切仪,在5种初始主应力方向角与5种中主应力系数相组合的初始固结条件下,对饱和松砂进行了不排水循环扭剪试验。讨论了初始固结条件对不排水条件下饱和松砂孔隙水压力变化规律及对剪胀、剪缩、卸荷体缩等体积变化过程的影响。试验研究表明：（1）分别以稳定残余孔隙水压力和破坏时循环次数归一化后的残余孔隙水压力比和循环次数比之间的关系可以用双曲线模式表达。其参数主要依赖于初始主应力方向,中主应力系数对参数的影响并不显著。归一化后的孔隙水压力比与广义剪应变之间的关系也可以用双曲线模式表达,其中的2个待定参数依赖于初始主应力方向,与中主应力系数无关;（2）在三向非均等固结条件下的不排水循环扭剪试验中,饱和松砂表现出卸荷体缩特性,不同初始主应力方向时,饱和松砂剪缩、剪胀、卸荷体缩呈现出不同的交替变化模式。 相似文献
12.
Masayuki Hyodo Noritaka Aramaki Masayuki Itoh Adrian F.L. Hyde 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1996,15(5):331-336
Cyclic triaxial tests have been carried out on a skeletal carbonate sand from the west coast of Eire. Results are presented for undrained cyclic shear tests on samples with 80% of relative density consolidated under both isotropic and anisotropic conditions. Failure was defined as a 5% double amplitude cyclic strain and a 5% peak axial strain for stress-reversal and non-reversal stress conditions, respectively. Using this definition the cyclic strength for isotropically consolidated samples was affected by the confining pressure although the angular platey nature of the sand resulted in higher cyclic strengths than for a comparable silica sand. For anisotropically consolidated samples the cyclic strength increased with increasing initial static shear stress while on the other hand the cyclic strength normalised in the usual way with respect to the initial confining pressure decreased as this pressure increased. 相似文献
13.
Three groups of dynamic triaxial tests were performed for saturated Nanjing fine sand subjected to uniform cyclic loading.
The tested curves of the excess pore water pressure (EPWP) ratio variation with the ratio of the number of cycles are provided.
The concept of the EPWP increment ratio is introduced and two new concepts of the effective dynamic shear stress ratio and
the log decrement of effective stress are defined. It is found that the development of the EPWP increment ratio can be divided
into three stages: descending, stable and ascending. Furthermore, at the stable and ascending stages, a satisfactory linear
relationship is obtained between the accumulative EPWP increment ratio and natural logarithm of the effective dynamic shear
stress ratio. Accordingly, the EPWP increment ratio at the number of cycles N has been deduced that is proportional to the log decrement of effective stress at the cycle number N-1, but is independent of the cyclic stress amplitude. Based on the analysis, a new EPWP increment model for saturated Nanjing
fine sand is developed from tested data fitting, which provides a better prediction of the curves of EPWP generation, the
number of cycles required for initial liquefaction and the liquefaction resistance. 相似文献
14.
Chen Guoxing Zhou Enquan Wang Zhihua Wang Binghui Li Xiaojun 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2016,14(8):2185-2212
Liquefaction of saturated loose sand is a major cause of extensive damage to buildings and infrastructures during large earthquakes. A better understanding of the behaviour of liquefied soil is becoming increasingly necessary to mitigate earthquake damage, and the fluid method has become an increasingly popular means to study the behaviour of liquefied soils. The purpose of this study is to determine the fluid characteristics of liquefied fine sand. In this paper, the apparent viscosity was measured as an index of fluid characteristics using the shaking table tests of pre-liquefaction behaviour of saturated fine sand at approximately 45 % relative density; the relationship of apparent viscosity and shear strain rate on liquefying fine sand was indicated as a power-law shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid; and liquefying fine sand has the alternating behaviour of shear dilatancy and compressibility during cyclic loading. Additionally, a series of a monotonic axial compression loading tests in an undrained manner were performed to measure the shear stress and excess pore pressure ratio relationship on the post-liquefaction saturated fine sand at approximately 50 % relative density. The fluid characteristics of post-liquefaction fine sand exhibits rate dependence and can be described by a combined fluid model of time-independent and time-dependent power-law functions; the time-independent viscous resistance is not relevant to the excess pore pressure ratio; but the time-dependent frictional resistance is closely related to the excess pore pressure ratio. Furthermore, the results of the verification tests demonstrate that the proposed fluid model has good applicability for the fluid behaviour of the post-liquefaction fine sand. 相似文献
15.
利用GDS循环三轴仪进行一系列饱和砂砾土不排水动三轴液化试验,研究其在循环荷载作用下的液化特性,分析含砾量对饱和砂砾土动强度和动孔压的影响规律。研究表明:含砾量对砂砾土液化性能影响较大,随着含砾量的增加砂砾土抗液化强度呈单调增加趋势;随循环周次的增加孔隙水压力不断升高,增长速率与所施加的循环应力幅值有关,同一固结压力下,振次比相同时循环动应力幅值越大动孔压比越大;破坏振次对动孔压增长模式存在影响,破坏振次较小时砂砾土动孔压增长模式呈双曲线型发展,破坏振次较大时砂砾土的动孔压增长模式可用反正弦函数来表示,且含砾量越大循环荷载引起的孔隙水压力越高;含砾量对砂砾土液化特性的影响可从砂砾土的微细观结构特征得到阐释,并借助其粒间状态参量进行分析。 相似文献
16.
In this study, cyclic hollow cylinder torsional tests were conducted on the reconstituted specimens of Toyoura sand in a practical range of initial density and stress states. The results were employed to evaluate the liquefaction resistance and residual pore water pressure of sand using the strain energy concept. A simple pore water pressure (PWP) model with two calibration parameters was developed for the prediction of residual pore pressure as a function of cumulative strain energy density and the capacity energy of sand. Capacity energy is defined as the cumulative strain energy that is required for liquefaction onset. Based on the results of the tests, an equation is then presented for the estimation of capacity energy in terms of relative density and initial effective confining pressure of sand. This equation is shown to work well as a state boundary curve, which can discriminate between the liquefied and non-liquefied field case histories. Several extra tests were also performed to investigate the effect of initial static shear stress on the proposed PWP model and capacity energy. The results show that initial shear stress has a minor effect on the trend of the proposed PWP model; however, it definitely affects the capacity energy. The final part of the paper aims to confirm reasonable performance of the proposed PWP model by the available observations of seismically induced pore water pressure in shaking table, centrifuge, and real site conditions. 相似文献
17.
18.
循环剪切吸水条件下饱和砂土的应力应变规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在实际土工抗震边值问题中,饱和砂土在许多情况下并非处于完全不排水条件,可能由于土性等因素的不同而出现各异的排渗条件。排水条件对土体的动力应力应变响应有较大影响,本文基于新开发的孔隙水注入控制系统,进行了循环剪切条件下饱和砂土吸水试验,研究了剪切吸水对土体动力特性的影响规律。通过试验发现:剪切吸水条件下砂土的抗液化强度较不排水条件下降低,同样的循环剪切条件下轴向应变发展更大;试样的抗液化强度降低和轴向应变增加程度随剪切吸水率的增大而增加。基于对饱和砂土体变规律的已有研究,本文初步解释了剪切吸水条件下饱和砂土应力应变特性规律的物理实质。 相似文献