共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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采用无限元作为岩体地下洞室静动力分析的边界条件,建立了岩体地下洞室的静动力有限元一无限元(FE-IE)计算模型,分析了柔性垫层对水电站厂房这类大型岩体洞室结构的减震效果.研究结果表明:柔性垫层虽未能从根本上改变岩体洞室结构的地震响应,但是设置一定厚度的柔性垫层后不仅能充分发挥岩体洞室围岩的自承能力,而且还能明显地减小混... 相似文献
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考虑了高山峡谷基岩场地的深度衰减效应,假设地震危险性分析提供的水平峰值加速度的所在位置,选用攀枝花—会理地震波,通过基线校正和高频滤波作为实际地震动输入,利用FLAC3D软件对某水电站大型地下洞室群进行了地震水平加速度传播特性的研究。数值分析结果表明,厂房周围监测点水平加速度时程和输入地震水平加速度时程相似,但存在0.08～0.12s的滞后时差,输入地震动水平峰值加速度向上传播时具有放大效应,在洞室群附近放大两倍左右。所得结果对大型地下洞室群地震动传播特征问题研究具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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针对隧道分缝衬砌结构为适应地裂缝错动造成位移变形而采用的流变性沥青混凝土复合衬砌置于初次衬砌和永久衬砌之间,改善隧道受力条件,以及沥青混凝土密封变形缝防止隧道渗漏的新型技术,应用有限差分数值方法,模拟隧道围岩土层结构及土材料的弹塑性、开挖支护施工过程、复合衬砌沥青混凝土的弹粘塑性、地裂缝两侧上、下盘土层相对错动位移变化,进行了地裂缝隧道永久衬砌结构分缝支护、初次衬砌和永久衬砌中间复合无缝沥青混凝土衬砌的力学响应特性分析。结果表明沥青混凝土复合衬砌能够抑制地裂缝错动位移条件下永久分缝衬砌段的水平位移和旋转位移,其流变变形调整和改善了永久分缝内衬的受力状态,减小了地裂缝附近衬砌结构的集中受拉受压作用。 相似文献
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采用波函数展开法，给出了平面P波入射下半空间中洞室群对地面运动影响问题的一个级数解答. 数值结果表明，地下洞室群对附近地面运动具有显著的放大作用．建议地铁等地下工程在规划和设计时，考虑工程建设后对沿线地面运动的影响． 相似文献
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从能量释放的角度讨论了深部岩体开挖激发微地震的机制. 研究表明, 伴随着爆破破岩新自由面形成而发生的岩体弹性应变能释放属于瞬态过程, 高地应力条件下爆破开挖产生的微地震由爆炸荷载和初始地应力(开挖荷载)瞬态释放耦合作用引起. 地应力瞬态释放激发的微地震可成为周围岩体振动的主要组成部分, 这有赖于岩体自身的蓄能能力、岩体开挖方式及开挖面的大小. 通过瀑布沟地下厂房爆破开挖过程中实测围岩地震信号的时能密度和幅值谱分析, 对地应力瞬态释放激发的微地震进行了识别. 耦合地震信号的低频成分主要由初始地应力瞬态卸荷引起,而高频成分主要由爆炸荷载引起. 应用数字信号处理的FIR滤波方法对耦合振动信号进行了初步分离,数值计算验证了分离结果的可靠性. 相似文献
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分析了某抽水蓄能电站地下厂房硐室群开挖引起环境水水质异常的成因。对工程区进行大范围的环境水pH值检测和代表性渗水部位水样的成分分析后发现,环境水的pH值、SO4^2-含量和总铁含量特征在一些部位发生了明显改变：水质呈强酸性、SO4^2-含量和总铁含量高且分布不均匀。结合岩石成分分析和现场黄铁矿矿化点的调查,认为该抽水蓄能电站地下厂房硐室群环境水水质的异常是由地层中不均匀分布的黄铁矿矿化点在开放条件下的氧化造成的,与厂房区锚孔中使用的化学充填材料无关。鉴于当前还没有有效防止强酸性腐蚀的材料,建议加强勘察期间水文地质条件特别是深部水文地质条件的研究,及早掌握和预测深部结构工程开挖、运行过程中由于环境条件改变可能导致的水质改变,以便采取预防措施。 相似文献
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Kazuo Konagai Shigeki Takatsu Tetsuo Kanai Tomohiro Fujita Takaaki Ikeda Jörgen Johansson 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009
Earthquakes in active-folding zones often trigger long-lasting landform changes. Since an underground structure closely follows the motion of its surrounding soils and rocks even after it was damaged in an intense earthquake, experts in charge of reconstruction have to wait until they are convinced that the soils and rocks have been stabilized. Kizawa tunnel was seriously cracked during the 23 October 2004 Mid-Niigata Earthquake. The upper half of the tunnel's cross-section near the north mouth shifted about 0.5 m sideways. Since a ring-shaped cross-section of a tunnel sustains the surrounding soil pressure, this crack pattern seemed to be serious. The authors collaborated with the Nagaoka Regional Development Bureau, Niigata Prefectural Government, in investigating the causes of the damage and in conducting long-term observation of the soils and rocks. This paper summarizes some findings for rational rehabilitations through the investigations. 相似文献
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CSAMT法是一套综合了MT和AMT各自优点的电磁自动采集和处理系统.本文介绍了CSAMT的原理、特点、工作方法和资料处理.该系统首次运用于高速公路长大深埋隧道勘察中，结合其它手段，成功解译出了隧道的软弱层、地下水及断层破碎带的位置，为划分隧道围岩类别提供了较好的依据，同时也为高速公路长大深埋隧道提供了一种新的勘察方法. 相似文献
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目前关于隧道震害问题的研究主要集中于隧道洞门和洞口段,实际上仍有不少洞身衬砌在地震中产生严重震害,其中一个重要原因便是衬砌背后存在空洞或者回填不密实。通过大型有限元软件ABAQUS,采用无限元边界解决地震波的反射震荡问题,研究衬砌背后空洞对隧道的地震动力响应的影响。通过分析得到:密实状态下,即使在较大地震动力作用下,衬砌结构仍处于良好的受压状态;一旦衬砌背后存在空洞,地震作用下脱空区衬砌产生很大拉应力,可能导致衬砌开裂坍塌;同时,空洞处周边围岩产生塑性区,易引起岩体松弛掉落冲击衬砌。 相似文献
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广东潮安四望坪铜矿以岩浆期后热液交代充填成矿为特征,在其三位一体（岩浆岩、断裂/层间滑动破碎带、围岩）的控矿组合中,以流纹斑岩、晶屑凝灰岩的层间滑动破碎带为最佳。本文从矿区资料的综合研究入手,深入剖析了岩浆岩、断裂、围岩圈闭条件与矿体规模、富集程度的关系;旨在通过对矿区地质环境与矿床成因的深入分析,建立火山期后热液矿床的断裂控矿模式,为粤东火山岩地区该类矿床的发现提供理论上的启示。 相似文献
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据前人资料，目标勘查区的深部可能存在多期、多类型、多开采对象的古采硐，但难以通过地表调查和常规的技术方法准确搞清其规模、形态、埋深等重要参数.本文采用高密度电法，结合厘米级高精度GPS测量和浅部钻探技术，针对不同类型的洞窟，选用不同的电极距，在复杂采空区地表布设了17条测线，完成了1 140个测点，共圈出120个电性异常.结合测区地质情况和异常的特殊形态，预测了可能为古采硐或相对致密岩石的物探异常.经首批19个钻孔验证，确认15个异常属于发生明显掉钻或漏浆现象的古采硐（陷落坑？），4个异常是较为致密的石灰岩.实践证明，采用高密度电法能够高精度预测地下复杂采空区的空间分布特征，值得进一步推广. 相似文献
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CNEM08一I电扰动仪的开发与研制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于当代地震电磁扰动有关理论,地震临震前会引起地下电磁场发生变化,电磁扰动观测在地震监测预报工作中能够发挥较好的短临预报作用。本论文旨在开发研制基于地下交变电磁场数字化电扰动仪。CNEM08一I电扰动仪采用低功耗、高性能的工控机作为硬件平台,选取大容量存储器,对地下电磁场变化进行实时观测,连续数字化采集。编制了数据采集系统软件及与观测系统配套使用的分析系统软件,自动将采集数据通过网络传输到分析控制中心,同时对多个基站的观测数据进行显示、统计分析,可进行分段统计平均值、最大值、总量,可对异常进行统计分析。 相似文献
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Responses of water yield and dissolved inorganic carbon export to forest recovery in the Houzhai karst basin,southwest China 
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下载免费PDF全文 Karst terrain (carbonate rocks) covers a vast land of 0.446 million km2 in southwest China. Water yield and carbonate rocks weathering in this region have been receiving increased attention due to a large‐scale forest recovery. Using both hydrological measurements and forest inventories from 1986 to 2007 in the Houzhai karst basin (HKB), we analyzed the responses of water yield and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) export to forest recovery in southwest China. With implementation of both the Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) and the Conversion of Farmland to Forests Program (CFFP), the fraction of forest area in HKB was increased from near zero to 18.9% during the study period, but the ratio of total water yield (surface and underground) to precipitation varied very little over the annual period, neither in wet season nor in dry season. By contrast, the concentration of DIC in water, especially in the surface water had a pronounced increase during the study period, with an increase of 0.53 and 0.25 g C m?3 yr?1 for surface water and underground water, respectively. As a result, total annual DIC export at mean annual rainfall significantly increased from the low to high forest area stage. This increase was largely driven by surface water during the wet season, presumably being related to biological activity. It was concluded that forest recovery in HKB had no significant effect on water yield, but resulted in more carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolved in karst water accompanying with carbon uptake by forests. Our results suggested that implementations of both NFCP and CFFP had no shifted water yield regimes in southwest China; instead, they might have alleviated global climate change by increasing carbon uptake through combined biological processes and carbonate rocks weathering. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Masahiro Chigira 《Island Arc》2021,30(1):e12424
Rock pillars of granite form a special type of characteristic topography in granite, but their origin is not well understood, partly because their 3D morphology has never been well characterized. Rock pillars were investigated at Mt. Mizugaki, which is underlain by Neogene granite that intruded into the Cretaceous accretionary complex in central Japan. Three rock pillars and their surrounding areas were investigated in detail using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images and structure from motion (SfM). The rock pillars were up to 70 m high and were shaped by columnar joints, which has hardly been reported before in granitic rocks. Columnar joints in granite are much larger than columnar joints in volcanic rocks. The columnar joints curved vertically, and some of them showed dipyramid shapes. The large size and curved morphology of the columnar joints may be the result of the slow cooling of the granite, compared to that of volcanic rocks. Thus, the columnar joints at Mt. Mizugaki made large, high rock pillars, which are not common in volcanic rocks. 相似文献