共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The paper presents the results of applying a new polarization method proposed in [28] to identify the type of surface pollution and differentiate between mineral oil films (crude oil and its emulsion and petroleum products) and films of other origin in sea surface radar images. The method is based on calculation of the quantitative characteristics for the ratios of suppression or intensification of scattered radio signals of different physical nature, viz., caused by capillary ripples several centimeters long, or wave breaking. TerraSAR-X satellite coaxial-polarized (VV/HH) SAR images are used. The data for analysis have been collected in areas where spots and slicks of known origin regularly occur, such as oil spills and natural oil seeps in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caspian Sea, and biogenic films in the Caspian Sea. The results of analyzing radar images from the TerraSAR-X satellite with controlled experimental oil emulsion spills in the North Sea are used for comparison. Based on the analysis of ten TerraSAR-X radar polarization images with surface sensing angles greater than 30°, it is shown that this method makes it possible to distinguish between oil spills and slicks formed by natural oil seeps and biogenic films with an accuracy higher than 80% regardless of the observation area. 相似文献
2.
The Black Sea dynamics for two decades (1993–2012) is analyzed. The study is carried out in numerical simulation with the use of a circulation model and assimilation of satellite measurements of free surface elevations and sea-surface temperatures (SSTs). The Black Sea circulation model has a spatial resolution of 4.8 km and 35 vertical levels, which thicken toward the surface. Arrays of ERA-Interim data are used for simulating the atmospheric forcing. A set of 3D arrays of the Black Sea hydrophysical fields is calculated on a regular grid with a time resolution of 24 h. The results are analyzed and compared with available contact measurements of temperature and salinity. This comparison shows a quite good quality of the resulted hydrophysical fields of the Black Sea. 相似文献
3.
By using the archival data of routine hydrometeorological and satellite observations, we perform the analysis of the general
regularities of manifestations of upwelling in the anomalies of the surface temperature in the northwest part of the Black
Sea at the end of the summer season. We describe the structure of coastal upwelling according to the data of a hydrological
survey carried out in the Kalamitskii Bay in September 2007 characterized by the extremely intense anomalies of sea surface
temperature. By using the data of reanalysis on the heat fluxes and the wind field, we analyze the cause-effect relations
responsible for the evolution of this upwelling. 相似文献
4.
A. I. Mizyuk M. V. Senderov G. K. Korotaev A. S. Sarkysyan 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2016,52(5):570-578
A parallel version of the NEMO complex ocean circulation model has been implemented for the Black Sea basin; the results of circulation numerical modeling with a high spatial resolution are presented. Analysis of the spatial variability is performed for the reconstructed hydrophysical fields in 2005–2008. The resulting simulated spatial variability characteristics of the sea surface temperature are compared with available satellite observational data. 相似文献
5.
7.
We present a survey of the principles and methods of satellite monitoring of the ocean, analyze the prospects of application of the data of satellite measurements to the operative diagnostics and prediction of circulation in the Black Sea, and discuss the physical foundations of remote sensing, the possibilities of contemporary equipment aimed at the observation of the sea surface from satellites, and the applicability of satellites as retransmitters of the data of measurements from free-drifting buoys. The contemporary oceanographic investigations carried out from satellites enable one to use the accumulated data for the numerical analysis of currents in seas and oceans in the model of general circulation as well as for the creation of a system of operative diagnostics and prediction of the state of marine environment. Examples of experimental realization of elements of the system of operative diagnostics of the state of the Black Sea based on the use of the satellite data are presented and the prospects of prediction of currents in the basin are analyzed. 相似文献
8.
G. K. Korotaev A. S. Sarkisyan V. V. Knysh P. N. Lishaev 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2016,52(4):418-430
A retrospective analysis has been done for the hydrophysical fields of the Black Sea for 1993–2012 with the assimilation of undisturbed monthly average profiles of temperature and salinity that were obtained by using an original procedure of joint processing of satellite altimetry and rare hydrological observations. The accuracy of the reconstructed fields of temperature and salinity of the Black Sea is evaluated by comparison with the data of sounding from the hydrological stations and the Argo floats. A comparative analysis is performed for the integral characteristics of the fields of temperature, salinity, and kinetic energy with the same characteristics of the reanalysis for 1992–2012 that assimilated the average annual profiles of temperature and salinity, surface temperature and altimetry level of the sea after being adjusted with respect to climate seasonal variability. The proposed procedure of the reanalysis execution allows a more precise reconstruction of the interannual variability of temperature and salinity stratification in the main pycnocline. The correlation between the annual and seasonal variability of the eddy of the wind friction tangential stress and the average kinetic energy at the levels is revealed. 相似文献
9.
The spatial and temporal variability of the chlorophyll (Chl) concentration in the surface water layer of the Black Sea in 1998–2008 has been analyzed using the data obtained by the SeaWiFS satellite sensor. In the deep-sea areas, the seasonal pattern of the Chl concentration is represented by a U-shape curve. The maximal concentrations are observed in the winter-spring and autumn periods, while the minimal, in the summertime. In the northwestern Black Sea, the maximal concentrations are registered in mostly the summer and autumn periods. Pronounced interannual variability is found for the summer concentrations of Chl observed for an 11-year period. After a cold winter, the concentration of Chl in the spring period is 3–5 times higher compared to the mild-winter years. In December–March, a negative correlation between the water temperature and the average Chl concentration is registered. 相似文献
10.
A numerical multilevel model based on primitive equations of sea thermohydrodynamics is applied to investigate the development
of near-shore upwelling zones in the north-western Black Sea. Analysed are the results of eight numerical experiments on mapping
the areas of upwelling and downwelling, depending on wind direction. The acquired data are matched up with the observations
by the NOAA-11 satellite designed to measure sea surface radiation temperature twice a day. The numerical calculations are
shown to agree with the remotely-sensed data.
Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
11.
The paper analyses results of the numerical simulation of upwelling events in the north-western part of the Black Sea, mostly
near the South Crimea. The calculations were performed using a numerical model based on primitive hydrodynamics equations.
Emphasis is laid on the case when a salinity front simulating the Black Sea rim current is prescribed in the initial conditions.
The interaction of the Black Sea rim current's stream with the coastline and bottom topography leads to the development of
an upwelling near the Crimea's coast, even in the absence of wind forcing. The paper discusses the structure of the three-dimensional
circulation of waters in the shelf area of the NW Black Sea. Numerical modelling results are matched up with the satellite
data obtained by the HRPT receiving station.
Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
12.
G. I. Marchuk B. E. Paton G. K. Korotaev V. B. Zalesny 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2013,49(6):579-591
An analysis is given of the methods of operational oceanography based on measurements derived from satellite data, observations acquired by drifters and passing vessels, and modern simulations of marine and oceanic circulations. In addition, a historical review is conducted of the previous and current research in this field carried out in the Soviet Union, Ukraine, and Russia. A discussion is given of the principles underlying the design of an effective data-computing system (DCS) for solving the problems of operational oceanography and the implementation of the prototype system for the Black Sea within the joint research project of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) “The Black Sea as an Ocean Simulation Model.” The effectiveness of applying the multicomponent splitting method in the construction of sea circulation models and specialized DCSs with integrated algorithms of variational assimilation of observational data is estimated. The concept of using the Black Sea as a testing site for innovations is developed. The underlying idea of the concept is the similarity of the Black Sea dynamics with processes in the oceans. The numerical Black Sea circulation models used in the project are described, their development areas are discussed, and the requirements to a Black Sea observing system are defined. 相似文献
13.
Development of means and methods of drifter technology applied to the problem of the Black Sea research 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
During the last ten years, autonomous drifting platforms for data collection (drifters) equipped with Argos satellite communication devices have become one of the main components for the observation system in the upper layer of the ocean and surface atmosphere. This article presents the results of the Black Sea drifter monitoring in 2002–2006 within a number of international programs and projects. During this period, about 70 drifters manufactured by NPF Marlin-Yug Ltd. (Sevastopol, Ukraine) were deployed in the western part of the Black Sea. The drifters were mainly standard barometric Lagrangian tracers and a part of them were principally new temperature profiling buoys. Unique long-term data were obtained about the circulation of the surface currents and the dynamics of the temperature stratification within the seasonal thermocline and the cold intermediate layer. 相似文献
14.
We considered the procedure of digital processing of IR data on the Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea obtained at the automated data reception station (ADRS) operated by the Marine Hydrophysical Institute, UkSSR Academy of Sciences during the daily and nightly communication session with the NOAA satellite in the APT regime. Two methods were used: a histogram method (for the daily one-channel measurements) and a spectral-angular one (for the nightly dual-channel measurements). As a result, 117 and 99 digital charts of the sea surface radiation temperatures, respectively, were obtained for these basins, as well as 10-day and monthly combinations of the nightly and partially daily digital images. The compositions derived by these two techniques have been compared with the data set for July, which was statistically most complete.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
15.
The methodology of regional remote monitoring of the ocean on the basis of complex largescale studies carried out by the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea in 1987–1988 is considered. The collection of controlled parameters, ground facilities, methods of collecting and processing of satellite and subsatellite data, and features in the compilation of composition maps of the sea surface radiation temperature are discussed.Translated by Mikahil M. Trufanov. 相似文献
16.
One of the tasks being completed while oil pollution monitoring in the Black Sea, was a study of natural seepage. Two known oil seeps are located in the southeastern section, the Georgian sector, from which crude oil enters the marine environment. The archives of European Space Agency and ScanEx Research and Development Center have a considerable quantity of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired in 1993–2011 by the ERS-1/2, Envisat, and Radarsat-1 satellites, on which seep oil slicks are clearly visible in this region. Processing of the collected SAR images with detected slicks in combination with the geoinformation approach has revealed a link of these slicks with the bottom sources on the local sedimentary structure in the Southeast Black Sea; their analysis provides both new insight into this phenomenon and new information to help understand nature of these oil seeps. On the basis of an analysis of collected SAR images and detailed bathymetric data, information on the source positions on the bottom and estimates of oil volumes entering the sea surface are obtained. 相似文献
17.
V. N. Eremeev A. M. Suvorov A. Kh. Khaliulin E. A. Godin A. A. Sizov 《Physical Oceanography》1997,8(4):293-296
On the basis of the measurements collected by MHI and other scientific institutions during expeditions in various parts of
the Black Sea and in various seasons, the variability of the upper boundary of the hydrogen sulphide zone and the respective
isopycnic surface is considered, as well as the relationship between the latter parameters and the index of atmospheric circulation.
Correlation between the studied processes in the Black Sea and atmosphere has been found to be very high.
Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
18.
针对南海油气田勘探开发溢油污染防治需求,开发了国内首套深水区水下溢油三维可视化模拟系统,由三维海流预报模型、深水溢油模型、三维可视化仿真系统和数据库组成。海流预报模型基于ROMS模式,通过考虑波致混合影响,并利用最优插值技术同化卫星测高资料和嵌套技术,保障了预报结果的准确性。深水溢油模型由羽流模型和对流扩散模型组成,考虑了卷吸、油气分离、溶解、水合物生成、漂移、扩散等复杂过程。系统能够预测深水区水下油气泄漏后行为和归宿过程,提供油、气、天然气水合物粒子的大小、分布、移动速度和漂移轨迹、扩散面积、水体溢油残存量、水面溢油量等三维可视化动态模拟结果。目前系统已经在油气田勘探开发中得到应用,为南海深水溢油应急提供了重要支撑。 相似文献
19.
Reconstruction of the surface temperature fields according to the fragmentary data of remote sensing
E. F. Vasechkina 《Physical Oceanography》2011,21(3):195-210
We propose a gap-filling method for the data of remote sensing of the hydrophysical and biological characteristics of the
water surface. The proposed method of reconstruction is based on the representation of the fields of surface characteristics
as the sums of certain numbers of empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) making the largest contributions to the total variance
of the field. According to the fragmentary data obtained as a result of processing of the satellite images for the summer
season, we construct estimates of the mean field and of the four-dimensional space covariance function of the surface temperature
of the Black Sea. The coefficients of expansion are computed by the method of least squares or determined with the help of
a genetic searching algorithm. The results of numerical experiments show that the proposed method is quite promising for applications
in the problems of gap filling in the available satellite data. 相似文献
20.
为了预测南黄海盆地油气远景,利用卫星遥感对东海陆架盆地进行海面温度测量。东海陆架盆地已知油气远景区与卫星热红外温度异常区具有原地重复性,与水气界面CH4含量曲线及海底化探异常吻合程度很好。南黄海盆地卫星遥感海面温度异常区沿南北向 (123o30′) 呈带状分布,与航磁解释出的南北向分布的东部鼻状隆起吻合较好。由于温度异常区主要分布在南黄海盆地东部鼻状隆起的南北端,故推测东部鼻状隆起的南北端具有较好油气远景。 相似文献