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Morente et al. [Morente, J.A., Portí, J.A., Salinas, A., Navarro, E.A., 2008. Icarus. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2008.02.004] have recently presented a new analysis of the Permittivity, Wave and Altimetry (PWA) measurements made during the descent of the Huygens Probe through the atmosphere of Titan. They claimed the identification of several Schumann resonance harmonics and concluded in favor of a lightning activity on Titan. We report here several reasons for not endorsing this paper.  相似文献   

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Hamelin et al. criticize some conclusions of our paper [Morente, J.A., Portí, J.A., Salinas, A., Navarro, E.A., 2008. Icarus 195, 802-811]. This rebuttal is our response to their criticism. In our view, their comments are contradictory and not based on scientific argument. Our paper presents a comprehensible methodology for extracting weak resonances from the late-time response of systems with high losses and our conclusions are derived from and supported by this methodology, which was first checked using an analytical function and later with the data from a numerical simulation of Titan’s atmosphere. Conversely, the Comment of Hamelin et al. does not contain any mathematical proof, either supporting their statements or invalidating our analysis procedure.  相似文献   

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New measurements have been made of the reduced polarization in a Fraunhofer line (Hβ) of blue sky light. The value of the depolarization agrees well with a previously reported intensity filling-in effect. There is no evidence of a change of the azimuth of vibration of the polarization across the line profile.  相似文献   

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Lisse et al. [Lisse, C.M., Kraemer, K.E., Nuth III, J.A., Li, A., Joswiak, D., 2007. Icarus 187, 69-86] recently presented a new analysis of an ISO spectrum of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp), from which they claimed the identification of many new dust species. Among them are PAHs, which were not found in our first analysis of the ISO spectra. We present here a re-examination of the ISO observations of Comet Hale-Bopp. From the absence of PAHs features in the 5.25-8.5 μm region, we infer that PAHs are at least twice less abundant than derived by Lisse et al. The carbonate feature at 7.00 μm is marginally present, but lower by a factor 2 to 3 than predicted by the model of Lisse et al.  相似文献   

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Ignacio R. Ferrín 《Icarus》1974,22(2):159-174
A photometric study of high-resolution (~0″.3) plates of Saturn taken at the Lowell Observatory in 1943 and 1945 is presented. N-S scans were taken over both the planet and rings. The excess brightness due to the planet seen through the rings is found by taking the difference between the central meridian (CM) scans and scans displaced by 5″.7. Adopting a value for the albedo of the planet, it is possible to obtain the optical thickness, τCM(r). In particular, for the regions of maximum brightness in rings A and B, we find τCM(IA max) = 0.38 ± 0.11 and τCM(IB max) = 0.61 ± 0.11. Observations by Barnard made in 1890 show evidence of ring D, recently discovered by Guerin (1969). The value for the optical thickness of this ring is τD(ID max) = 0.03 ± 0.01. Ring B exhibits a pronounced (7–10%) decrease in brightness from the extremity of the major axis to the CM. After considering several possible explanations, we conclude that the ring particles are nonspherical and are in synchronous rotation around the planet with their long axis toward it. The mean value for the ratio of major to minor axis for the particles at 15″ is (a/b) ? 1.08. Because of the shape and orientation of the particles, the optical thickness at the extremity of the major axis and at the CM are different for any saturnicentric latitude B ≠ 90°. Under these circumstances, only a minimum value for τ at the extremity can be derived.  相似文献   

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Das et al. (2012) claim that in several cases nominal cosmic ray exposure ages derived from concentrations of cosmogenic Ne in individual olivine grains separated from chondrules substantially exceed exposure ages of matrix samples. Some grains were also reported to show larger apparent exposure ages than other grains from the same chondrule. The authors conclude that the excesses were caused by an exposure of chondrules to high fluences of solar energetic particles and suggest that their data provide direct evidence for a highly active phase of the early Sun, similar to what is observed in X‐ray emissions of recent naked T‐Tauri stars. Here, we show that the production rates of cosmogenic Ne used by Das et al. (2012) to derive nominal cosmic ray exposure ages of their olivine grains are often much too low, as the reported major element concentrations in many cases sum up to considerably less than 100% even if converted to oxides. In contrast, adopted element concentrations for matrix samples are basically self‐consistent. A precompaction exposure of chondrules to a very high flux of solar energetic particles is thus not supported by the data presented by Das et al. (2012). Das et al. (2012) claim that in several cases nominal cosmic ray exposure ages derived from concentrations of cosmogenic Ne in individual olivine grains separated from chondrules substantially exceed exposure ages of matrix samples. Some grains were also reported to show larger apparent exposure ages than other grains from the same chondrule. The authors conclude that the excesses were caused by an exposure of chondrules to high fluences of solar energetic particles and suggest that their data provide direct evidence for a highly active phase of the early Sun, similar to what is observed in X‐ray emissions of recent naked T‐Tauri stars. Here, we show that the production rates of cosmogenic Ne used by Das et al. (2012) to derive nominal cosmic ray exposure ages of their olivine grains are often much too low, as the reported major element concentrations in many cases sum up to considerably less than 100% even if converted to oxides. In contrast, adopted element concentrations for matrix samples are basically self‐consistent. A precompaction exposure of chondrules to a very high flux of solar energetic particles is thus not supported by the data presented by Das et al. (2012).  相似文献   

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Observational line width evidence for a possible discrepancy between ion and electron temperature in the corona is reviewed for comparison with the conclusions of Knight et al. We note that the high line-width temperatures extend much higher in the corona than the high ion temperatures computed by Knight et al., and suggest that a significant ion-electron temperature difference should be expected only near a steep temperature gradient, as in the transition region.  相似文献   

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