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1.
动水压力型滑坡对库水位升降作用的响应以三峡库区树坪滑坡为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
三峡库区涉水型滑坡众多,库水位周期性涨落引起库岸滑坡岩土体物理性质的改变,还使得滑体内渗流场发生变化,进而影响滑坡体稳定性。为研究库水位升降作用对涉水边坡稳定性的影响,基于三峡库区重大涉水滑坡分类,对动水压力型滑坡进行分析。以三峡库区秭归县树坪滑坡为例,利用Geo-Studio软件的SEEP模块及SLOPE分别对滑坡渗流场与稳定性进行计算,分析不同滑体渗透系数及不同库水位升降速率对动水压力型滑坡的影响规律。结果表明:对于动水压力型滑坡,库水位上升过程中,地下水位线有下凹趋势,稳定性系数有所增大; 库水位下降过程中,地下水位线有上凸现象,且稳定性系数明显减小; 库水位升降速率越大,滑体渗透系数越小,库水位变动对滑坡渗流及稳定性影响越明显。 相似文献
2.
韩文心 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2007,18(3):97-101
枇杷坪古滑坡位于重庆市万州区东缘,是三峡库区重点勘察的滑坡之一。近年来滑体部分地区出现蠕滑变形,存在局部复活的可能。枇杷坪古滑坡及移民房屋稳定性监测预警系统始建于2004年初,主要监测手段为GPS及精密水准测量。2a多的监测成果表明,枇杷坪古滑坡局部出现较大的顺坡向位移变形及不均匀沉降。滑体出现蠕滑变形的主要原因:①库水位的升高使地下水位升高;②频繁的人类工程活动。文章依据监测成果,运用Winsurf软件绘制出滑体水平形变场及垂直形变场,综合分析位移监测信息,并运用Mapinfo地理信息系统平台,依据滑体的形变场,试勾描出枇杷坪的强变形区域,该区域对应在滑体中段的中前部,区域内监测点均一致朝向长江方向滑移及倾斜。文章拟通过滑坡变形区的划分,探讨滑体的稳定性区划、变形特征及发展趋势。 相似文献
3.
三峡库区巫峡段高陡峡谷区地质环境脆弱,库岸滑坡分布密集,受库水位和降雨影响变形明显。以巫峡段干井子滑坡为例,基于有限元方法和非饱和土力学理论建立滑坡流-固耦合计算模型,考虑滑坡瞬态渗流引起的土骨架变形和渗透系数变化,将非饱和土强度理论和孔隙水压力分布应用到极限平衡法中,分析滑坡在库水位波动和降雨条件下的渗流、应力应变和稳定性变化规律。结果表明,干井子滑坡地下水位和稳定性受库水位波动的影响较大。降雨受斜坡地形因素控制很难直接入渗至滑体深部,在强降雨条件下滑坡整体稳定性变化较小,滑坡中后部易发生浅表层变形,模拟结果与野外实际调查情况一致。研究对库区地质灾害监测预警和防治工作有一定指导作用。 更多还原 相似文献
4.
超覆型库岸老滑坡滑床前缘大多发育一砂卵石层,该砂卵石层的强渗透性将影响滑坡渗流场,从而影响滑坡的稳定性.以三峡库区万州中学老滑坡为例,在确定该滑坡中地下水作用模式为承压水含水层作用模式的基础上,假定砂卵石层的4种不同渗透系数,来研究在库水位波动条件下,滑床砂卵石层渗透性对滑坡稳定性的影响.分析表明,超覆型老滑坡砂卵石层的渗透系数不同,滑坡中浸润线也不同,渗透系数越小,浸润线越低,滑坡中地下水相对库水位的滞后效应越明显;库水位上升阶段、高水位运行阶段和下降初期,万州中学老滑坡各级滑坡的稳定性系数随砂卵石层渗透系数k2的增大而减小;库水位稳定在150 m时,老滑坡整体稳定性随k2的增大而增大,k2的变化对次级滑体和三级滑体的稳定性影响不明显.这对于库区老滑坡的复活和监测预警工程有较强的应用价值. 相似文献
5.
碎石土滑坡的因素敏感性计算分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过资料搜集整理和分析、现场工程地质调查与勘探和室内外的物理力学试验,采用弹塑性接触有限元强度折减法、不平衡推力法和数理统计分析法,结合工程实例,分析了影响碎石土滑坡各因素的敏感性,结果表明,按因素敏感度从大到小排列,主要影响碎石土滑坡稳定性的因素依次为滑面岩土体内摩擦角、地形坡度、滑体饱水面积比和滑面岩土体的内聚力。地形坡度大、具有低内摩擦角滑面的碎石土滑坡的整体稳定性较差,而连续降雨、强降雨会抬高地下水位增大滑体饱水面积比,降低滑面带岩土体抗剪强度,增加下滑力,对碎石土滑坡的稳定性将产生最不利的影响。同时,在对碎石土滑坡进行加固处理时,必须优先考虑采取提高滑面等效内摩擦角、降低地形坡度结合降低地下水位措施,其次考虑采取提高滑面岩土体内聚力的措施。 相似文献
6.
钻孔倾斜仪监测在塘角村1^#滑坡预警监测中的作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
塘角村1^#滑坡是三峡库区地质灾害防治监测预警工程Ⅲ期专业监测点。监测方法为滑体深部位移监测、地表位移监测,同时开展地表宏观变形调查。2007年4月滑坡开始出现变形;其中滑体深部位移由钻孔倾斜仪监测,最早发现滑体变形,随后地表位移GPS监测滑体出现变形,同时滑体地表出现裂缝,滑体局部产生溜滑现象;文章通过滑体深部位移实测监测数据纵向分析,结合与其它监测方法（GPS）监测数据进行横向对比分析印证,判断钻孔倾斜仪监测数据的有效性、准确性;阐述钻孔倾斜仪监测在塘角村1号滑坡预警监测中的重要作用。 相似文献
7.
求解库岸边坡岩土体的渗透系数是研究滑坡渗流场及多场演化的基础,一般通过原位试验和室内试验求得,但试验成本较高且试验位置具有一定的随机性。本文以三峡库区马家沟滑坡为例,提出一种利用地下水位动态观测资料反演滑坡岩土层渗透系数的方法。具体步骤为:（1）依据滑坡的勘察资料和水位观测数据,构建滑坡数值模型;（2）利用SPSS生成不同渗透系数正交试验组合,并将渗透系数代入数值模型中计算监测井的水位,得到不同渗透系数及其对应的模拟水位数据;（3）应用遗传算法优化的支持向量机构建坡体模拟水位与渗透系数的非线性映射关系,再通过代入实际动态监测水位值求得滑坡岩土层的渗透系数;（4）将求得的渗透系数代入数值模型,用计算的模拟水位与实际观测水位进行对比验证。研究结果表明:遗传算法优化的支持向量机具有良好的学习预测效果,能准确预测渗透系数与水位的关系。该反演方法具有高效、准确的优点,反演结果的精度满足实际应用需要。 相似文献
8.
三峡库区泄滩滑坡非饱和渗流分析及渗透系数反演 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
泄滩滑坡的水文地质结构比较复杂,滑体、滑带及滑动影响带为多孔连续介质,透水层基岩为裂隙介质。采用等效连续介质模型模拟裂隙岩体,建立了泄滩滑坡饱和－非饱和渗流的有限元计算模型。然后采用BP网络对非饱和有限元渗流计算进行了模拟,并根据蓄水期水库水位及滑坡体地下水位监测资料,采用遗传算法对泄滩滑坡各地层渗透系数进行了反演。反演的滑体饱和渗透系数为4.89?10?2 cm/s,与现场原位试验值1.78?10?2 3.2?10?2 cm/s相当;反演的滑带饱和渗透系数为4.66?10?5 cm/s,远比室内试验值2.74?10?7 5.73?10?7 cm/s大。这种差异在一定程度上反映了土体参数的尺度效应。 相似文献
9.
三峡库区黄土坡滑坡浸润线动态变化规律研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以三峡库区黄土坡滑坡为研究对象,结合滑坡体地下水位监测数据,分析库水涨落对滑坡地下水位的影响。建立了黄土坡滑坡渗流模拟的有限元计算模型,并确定了模型合理的水头边界条件。利用Geo-Studio软件的SEEP/W模块,对库水位涨落情况下滑坡暂态渗流场的变化进行模拟,并且分析浸润线的动态变化过程,确定了库水位涨落对滑坡前缘浸润线影响区在滑坡前缘300 m范围内,并对库水位上升和下降两种工况下滑体前缘浸润线位置进行了预测。最后,分析了库水位涨落下库岸滑坡浸润线变化对滑坡稳定性影响,为研究库水位涨落下库岸滑坡浸润线和滑坡稳定性提供了依据。 相似文献
10.
塘角村1号滑坡是三峡库区地质灾害防治监测预警工程Ⅲ期应急专业监测点。监测方法为滑体深部位移监测、地表位移监测等。本文通过滑坡变形、库区降雨、库区水位变化等资料的相关分析,总结分析了该滑坡在空间和时间域内的变形特征。降雨强度和降雨量的大小是影响滑体变形速率的因素之一,下部滑体变形对于库区水位下降敏感,当水位在一段时期内按一定速率持续下降时,滑体变形速率明显加大。 相似文献
11.
The potential for widespread landslides is generally increased when extraordinary wet periods occur during times of elevated subsurface hydrologic conditions. A series of storms in early 2018 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, overlapped with a period of increased shallow soil moisture and rising bedrock groundwater levels resulting from seasonally diminished evapotranspiration and induced widespread landslides in the region. Most of the landslides were shallow slope failures in colluvium, landslide deposits, and/or fill. However, deep-seated landslide activity also occurred and corresponded with record cumulative precipitation from late February to April and bedrock groundwater levels rising to an annual high. Landslides blocked or damaged roads, adversely affected multiple houses, disrupted electrical service, crushed vehicles, and resulted in considerable economic losses. The initial landslides occurred during or immediately after a rare period of three successive days of heavy rain that began on February 14. Subsequent landslides between late February and April were induced by multiday storms with smaller rainfall totals. As shallow soil moisture at a monitoring site rose above a volumetric water content of 32%, the mean rainfall intensities necessary to induce slope failure in colluvium and other surficial deposits decreased. Deep-seated landslide movement occurred in the region mostly when the groundwater level in a bedrock observation well was shallower than 1.7 m. The availability of hydrologic and landslide movement monitoring data during this extraordinary series of storms highlighted the evolution of the landslide hazard with changing moisture conditions and yielded insights into potential hydrologic criteria for anticipating future widespread landslides in the region.
相似文献12.
Cheng-Chao Lee Chieh-Hou Yang Hsing-Chang Liu Kuo-Liang Wen Zi-Bin Wang Yi-Jie Chen 《Engineering Geology》2008,98(3-4):115-125
Resistivity Image Profiling (RIP) surveys was used to develop a lithological and hydrogeological model of the subsurface in the southeastern part of Lishan landslide area of central Taiwan. The bedrock consists of slate in the study area. Based on RIP and rock samples collected from boreholes results, three electrical strata are recognized: colluvium, the shear zone composed of shear gouges and shattered slate, and the undisturbed slate formation. The steep shear zone with resistivity ranging between 100 ~ 260 Ω-m, plays a crucial role in the local hydrogeological environment, because it forms a natural barrier which blocks and retains groundwater flowing down the slope. Groundwater will brim over the barrier when the water level is high. Thus the inclined groundwater table remains stable from long-term monitoring. It strongly indicates that the groundwater recharge is greater than that of discharge. Therefore, the shear zone can provide information about the optimum locations for draining the excess groundwater in-situ for slope stability consideration.
The curved basal surface of the colluvium and the weathered slate can also be discerned from the resistivity variations and boreholes data. A series of circular patterns may associate with the main slope failure which migrated upwards from the lower slope. 相似文献
13.
淄博市大武水源地是中国北方罕见的特大型岩溶-裂隙地下水水源地,地下水开采量为52×10~4m~3/d。为了对岩溶地下水进行有效监测,需要建立最优的地下水监测网。文中在对岩溶地下水流系统分析的基础上,建立了地下水流系统确定性-随机性数学模型,运用有限元与卡尔曼滤波耦合的模拟递推算法,对大武水源地地下水监测网进行了优化设计,结果显示:现有地下水位动态监测网难以达到监测目标,最优地下水位监测网由14个监测井,每月监测一次的监测频率组成,比现有地下水位监测网减少了2个监测井。 相似文献
14.
Prediction of landslide movements with practical application for landslide risk mitigation is a challenge for scientists. This study presents a methodology for prediction of landslide movements using random forests, a machine learning algorithm based on regression trees. The prediction method was established based on a time series consisting of 2 years of data on landslide movement, groundwater level, and precipitation gathered from the Kostanjek landslide monitoring system and nearby meteorological stations in Zagreb (Croatia). Because of complex relations between precipitations and groundwater levels, the process of landslide movement prediction is divided into two separate models: (1) model for prediction of groundwater levels from precipitation data and (2) model for prediction of landslide movements from groundwater level data. In a groundwater level prediction model, 75 parameters were used as predictors, calculated from precipitation and evapotranspiration data. In the landslide movement prediction model, 10 parameters calculated from groundwater level data were used as predictors. Model validation was performed through the prediction of groundwater levels and prediction of landslide movements for the periods from 10 to 90 days. The validation results show the capability of the model to predict the evolution of daily displacements, from predicted variations of groundwater levels, for the period up to 30 days. Practical contributions of the developed method include the possibility of automated predictions, updated and improved on a daily basis, which would be an important source of information for decisions related to crisis management in the case of risky landslide movements. 相似文献
15.
Cheng-Chao Lee Li-Sheng Zeng Chin-Hsien Hsieh Chun-Yi Yu Sheng-Hsiung Hsieh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(6):1641-1651
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), single-point-resistance logging with time-lapse, and geological and groundwater level
data, are utilized to determine the mechanism of, and a hydrogeological model of, the Gangxianlane landslide in the west-central
part of Taiwan. The rock surface and geometry of the colluviums were found by integrating ERT and borehole data. The iso-resistivity
line in the bedrock broadly followed the bedding plane, indicating that the contribution of lithology to resistivity exceeds
that of groundwater. The results of single-point-resistance logging with time-lapse and borehole data reveal that the bedrock
has low permeability, which is associated with poorly developed joints and fractures. The fine grain content part (including
the clayey layer), almost parallel to the bedding plane of the bedrock and between the colluvium and the bedrock in the upper
part of the landslide, served as the slip surface and is believed to have been recently produced. It can block and retain
water in the colluviums. Accordingly, this slip surface has the potential to re-slip in the future. Another slope failure
involved rock collapse by a well-developed open release joint close to the Huoshaoping Terrace. It is also related to groundwater
flow over a large gradient from the Huoshaoping Terrace. It is a key to determining whether this landslide will expand in
the future. 相似文献
16.
渗透系数与库水位升降对下坪滑坡稳定性的影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在三峡水库运行过程中,库水位周期性涨落引起库区内滑坡稳定性发生变化,渗透特征是滑坡的内在属性,滑坡因渗透性的不同而导致其稳定性对库水变化的响应不同。根据万州库段水位统计资料,以三峡库区万州区下坪滑坡为模型,分析在4种不同数量级的渗透系数条件下的渗流场特征,研究在不同渗透系数下的滑坡稳定性变化规律。分析结果表明:该类型滑坡的稳定性变化与库水位的变化呈现高度的正相关;滑坡稳定性最差出现在库水位下降到最低水位时,且水位降速越快,滑坡稳定性越差;不同渗透条件下的滑坡稳定性随时间的变化规律基本一致,其变化率处在一定的波动范围内,保持在-2%~2%之间;滑坡稳定性的最大值和最小值都是随着渗透性的变大而变大;稳定性最小值与渗透系数的对数值表现为近似指数关系,稳定性最大值与渗透系数的对数值表现为近似对数关系。 相似文献
17.
石榴树包滑坡是黄蜡石滑坡群中的一个重要滑坡,一直以来备受瞩目,其持续变形对长江航运及人民生命财产安全造成严重威胁。本文通过对石榴树包滑坡的勘探得到其详细的物质组成及结构,通过近两年的GPS表面位移、地下水位、降雨量等自动化监测数据分析,对该滑坡的变形特征、变形机理进行研究。结果表明:（1）石榴树包滑坡最初以前缘变形为主,现阶段以中后部变形为主。（2）降雨是石榴树包滑坡复活的主要原因,受库水位升降与降雨联合作用使石榴树包滑坡持续变形。前缘变形较小主要是由于前缘渗透性大,水力梯度较小的原因;中后部变形大主要是中后部渗透性小,水力梯度相对较大的原因。（3）降雨对滑坡地下水影响较大,使地下水水力梯度增大可达5～9倍。本研究可为三峡库区滑坡灾害监测预警及防治提供重要参考。 相似文献
18.
研究平推式滑坡中承压水的作用范围,有利于准确评价斜坡稳定性,对平推式滑坡的成灾机理研究和灾害防治具有较好的指导意义。平推式滑坡中岩层倾角α较小,在承压水作用范围分析时通常忽略了岩层倾角的影响。基于地下水向河渠运动相关理论,考虑岩层倾角,建立平推式滑坡地下水渗流分析模型,推导出承压水作用范围L1新的计算公式,详细计算分析了不同透水层参数下L1对α的敏感性,并提出了敏感倾角的概念。计算结果表明,α对L1影响显著,这种影响程度与透水层厚度、渗流量、以及渗透系数密切相关,透水层厚度越大,α对L1的影响越显著;同时敏感倾角受透水层厚度、渗流量、渗透系数等参数影响。最后应用新模型分析滑坡实例,验证了新模型的合理性。 相似文献