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1.
对准噶尔南缘郝家沟剖面下侏罗统三工河组的沉积相与层序地层特征进行了详细的研究,确认三工河组发育辫状河三角洲沉积。辫状河三角洲包括辫状河三角洲平原亚相、辫状河三角洲前缘亚相和前辫状河三角洲亚相。辫状河三角洲前缘亚相又可进一步划分为水下分流河道、水下分流河道间、席状砂和河口坝等微相类型。三工河组辫状河三角洲沉积除一些层位的辫状河道沉积物颗粒较粗外,主体沉积物以砂岩、粉砂岩和泥岩为主,为砂质辫状河三角洲。运用高分辨率层序地层学基准面旋回划分原理,将三工河组划分为2个中期基准面旋回,下部中期基准面旋回又可划分为4个短期基准面旋回,上部中期基准面旋回发育不完整。  相似文献   

2.
The paper presents calculated spectra of El Niño Southern oscillation (ENSO) indices. The ENSO spectra have components with periods that are multiples of the Earth’s free (1.2 years) and forced (18.6 years) nutation periods. Analysis of a 41-year series of exciting functions for the atmospheric angular momentum confirms the existence of such periodicity. Nutation waves responsible for the El Niño phenomena in the ocean, the Southern oscillation in the atmosphere, and the presence of subharmonics of the Chandler period (1.2 years) and superharmonics of the lunar period (18.6 years) in the ENSO spectra are described. A model for the nonlinear nutation of the Earth-ocean-atmosphere system is constructed. In this model, the ENSO, acting at frequencies of combinational resonances, excites the Chandler wobble of the Earth’s poles. At the same time, this wobble interacts with the nutation motions of the atmosphere and World Ocean.  相似文献   

3.
彭润民  王建平 《地学前缘》2020,27(2):420-441
狼山-渣尔泰山是华北克拉通北缘西段元古宙伸展构造体制下被动陆缘的重要热水喷流成矿带,内产东升庙、炭窑口、霍各乞、甲生盘等大型-超大型矿床,其含矿建造是元古宇渣尔泰山群。该成矿带的主体在狼山山脉主峰地区,产有东升庙、炭窑口、霍各乞三大矿床。自2010年在狼山西南原渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组地层中发现新元古代酸性火山岩(锆石年龄816~805 Ma)以来,其东部狼山主峰地区的渣尔泰山群及产在其中的炭窑口、东升庙、霍各乞矿床是否也都可以归于新元古代形成是需要进一步研究的重要科学问题。本文依据的事实有:(1)狼山西南新元古界的碎屑锆石最小年龄为1 155 Ma与碳酸盐岩是方解石大理岩;(2)炭窑口矿区渣尔泰山群顶部刘鸿湾组地层的碎屑锆石年龄的两个年龄峰值分别为1 862~1 762 Ma(最小年龄为1 732 Ma)和2 448 Ma,所含碳酸盐岩全部是白云石大理岩类;(3)狼山北侧狼山群含矿岩组中发现年龄为887 Ma±的新元古代基性火山岩; (4)霍各乞矿床含重晶石与微晶长石的硅质层发育,多与黄铁矿层互层状产出,也有与闪锌矿+磁黄铁矿及方铅矿层互层,激光原位分析得到的黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿和磁黄铁矿的δ34S为17.60‰~21.97‰,显示喷流成矿的硫同位素组成特征。根据以上事实可以确认:(1)狼山西南含酸性火山岩与方解石大理岩的前寒武纪地层是与狼山南侧炭窑口矿区含白云石大理岩的渣尔泰山群在不同盆地中沉积而成;(2)狼山南侧是中元古代裂谷带,产有以炭窑口、东升庙矿床为代表的中元古代喷流-沉积成矿系统;(3)狼山北侧是新元古代裂谷带,产有以霍各乞矿田为代表的新元古代热水喷流成矿系统。产在新元古代狼山群中的霍各乞矿是介于SEDEX型与VMS型之间、但靠近SEDEX型一侧的热水喷流-沉积矿床。  相似文献   

4.
Low-frequency (0–0.5 Hz) errors in the positions of stars in the focal plane of the ZTE 1.25-m telescope of the Crimean Laboratory of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute and the AZT-22 1.5-m telescope of the Maidanak Observatory in Uzbekistan are analyzed using data obtained during the operation of two optical compensators designed to correct the tilt of incoming wave fronts. A spectral analysis is used to identify possible origins of these errors. The amplitudes of periodic errors in the main worm-and-worm gears of the tracking mechanisms have been measured to be 1.5″ (a period of 240 s) for the 1.25-m telescope and 0.15″ (167 s) for the 1.5-m telescope. The rates of constant drifts have also been determined.  相似文献   

5.
Based on generalization of available geochronological data, Late Mesozoic magmatic associations in the northeastern part of the Amurian microcontinent are divided into three groups: 142–125, 124–115, and <110 Ma. The age of these associations decreases with approaching the Pacific margin of Asia. In the same direction, they show a change in sources of their parental melts: continental crust (142–125 Ma) → continental crust + PREMA (DM) (124–115 Ma) → continental crust + PREMA (DM) + EMII (<110 Ma). Isotope-geochemical (Sr-Nd) study indicates that intrusive and volcanic rocks of the Late Mesozoic magmatic associations in the northeastern part of the Amurian microcontinent were originated in geodynamic settings that provided access of enriched mantle sources to magma formation. The most probable of these settings are as follows: (1) plate sliding accompanying by the formation of slab window beneath continental margin; (2) passage of the Asian margin over the East Asian mantle hot field in the Late Mesozoic; (3) asthenospheric upwelling due to delamination of the lower crust during closure of the Mongolian-Okhotsk ocean caused by collision between the Amurian microcontinent, Dzhugdzhur-Stanovoy, and Selenga-Stanovoy superterranes in the Central Asian fold belt.  相似文献   

6.
The transboundary Evros River discharges into the Alexandroupolis Gulf, located in the inner shelf of the northeastern Aegean Sea, where it has formed an extended delta. Grain-size and mineralogical analyses of five sediment cores, collected in the subaqueous delta, provide the following information about recent sedimentation processes in the northeastern part of the Aegean shelf: (a) river mouth deposits, consisting of coarse-grained sediments, are mainly deposited in front of the active mouth, whilst some sandy material is expected to be transported alongshore by nearshore currents; (b) delta front deposits are characterised by fine-grained sediments that include evidence of human activities which have taken place, in a more intense way, since the 1950s; and (c) prodelta deposits are represented by almost uniform riverine mud that cover the pre-existed relict sands of the shelf, indicating also the limit (some 15 km to the SW) of the influence of riverine sedimentation on the seabed of the inner shelf of the Alexandroupolis Gulf.  相似文献   

7.
The configuration of the lineament-disjunctive network in the Russian segment of the Sea of Japan (sheets K-52 and K-53) was studied with structural zoning of the region using geophysical and geomorphologic data. The constructed rose diagrams revealed systematic orientation of lineaments and faults in the region as a whole and some of its areas. The orientation of linear structures in the Russian segment of the Sea of Japan is compared with that characteristic of the global disjunctive network. This allowed the following inferences: (1) the region is characterized by a single lineament-disjunctive system with four main directions of dislocations: submeridional (0–5°), sublatitudinal (86–90°), diagonal northeastern (36–65°), and diagonal southeastern (136–140°); (2) the directions of these dislocations coincide with the orientation of four main systems in the global disjunctive network (planetary fracturing); (3) the revealed disjunctive network is substantially of the Earth’s rotation genesis; (4) regularities in the distribution and orientation of faults and lineaments are determined by two interacting factors: the stress concentration in areas of the layer thickness gradient and variations in the Earth’s rotation velocity (the former controls localization of faults and the latter, their orientation).  相似文献   

8.
The palaeoenvironment of the Karelian Isthmus area during the Litorina Sea stage of the Baltic Sea history, between 8.0 and 4.5 kyr BP (8.8-5.2 cal. kyr BP), was reconstructed by studying four sites located on the Karelian Isthmus in Russia. Methods included diatom and pollen analyses, sediment lithostratigraphical interpretation and 14C dating. The brackish-water (Litorina) transgression began c. 7.7 kyr BP (8.45 cal. kyr BP) in the Karelian Isthmus area. The transgression maximum occurred between 6.7 and 5.7 kyr BP (7.6-6.5 cal. kyr BP), depending on the glacio-isostatic land uplift rate. Regarding the vegetation, the maximum occurrence of temperate deciduous trees took place at the same time. The transgression was interrupted by a short-lived sea-level standstill during the middle phase of the main transgression, c. 6.3 kyr BP (7.2 cal. kyr BP), on the eastern part of the isthmus. The highest Litorina shoreline is located between 8 and 13 m above present sea-level and the amplitude of the Litorina transgression has varied between 5 and 7 m. The 8.2-kyr cold event is not evident, but the sea-level standstill around 6.3 kyr BP (7.2 cal. kyr BP) could reflect a cool episode at that time in the Karelian Isthmus area.  相似文献   

9.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.  相似文献   

10.
许康康 《地质与勘探》2019,55(2):585-599
乌本迪带主要位于坦桑尼亚西南部,由8个地体构成,不同地体具有不同的构造特征、岩浆作用和变质作用年龄。乌本迪带不是单一构造-热事件的产物,而是经过不同阶段的俯冲造山作用和盆地内沉积作用形成。本文通过综合整理不同时期乌本迪带内地质事件和构造地质背景资料,将乌本迪带的演化分为9个阶段,分别为新太古代阶段(2740～2640Ma)、新太古代-古元古代沉积阶段(2640～2050Ma)、古元古代乌萨加蓝阶段(2050～1930Ma)和乌本迪阶段(1930～1800Ma)、古-中元古代沉积阶段(1800～1400Ma)、中元古代的基博拉阶段(1400～1080Ma)、中-新元古代伊鲁米德阶段(1080～850Ma)以及新元古代-寒武纪早泛非作用伸展阶段(850～600Ma)和晚泛非作用阶段(600～500Ma),其中形成于乌萨加蓝阶段的弧后洋盆之后可能继续扩张,在乌本迪阶段又发生俯冲造山作用。乌本迪带内金矿田的形成与构造演化密切相关,早期阶段形成的"导矿"和"容矿"构造在后期演化中又不同程度的再活化,形成多期次的矿化作用。  相似文献   

11.
利用四川盆地西南缘志留系龙马溪组最新钻井、露头资料及样品分析结果,从富有机质泥页岩区域分布、岩性、有机地球化学特征、储层特征、含气性、地层压力等方面,重点研究四川盆地西南缘龙马溪组页岩气形成条件与有利区优选。研究发现,五峰组—龙马溪组页岩具有有机质含量高(TOC 0.12%~6.49%,平均2.06%)、有效厚度大(普遍大于30m)、热演化程度高(Ro2.62%~2.80%)、脆性矿物含量高(56%~92%)、孔隙度较高(0.50%~11.36%,平均3.85%)等特征,钻井岩心现场解析气量最大值达3.38 m3/t、埋深适中(浅于3500m),这些条件均有利于页岩气的形成与富集。综合对比研究结果表明,云南云荞、木杆、高桥地区是四川盆地西南缘页岩气勘探的3个有利区。  相似文献   

12.
The Miocene Lavanttal Basin formed in the Eastern Alps during extrusion of crustal blocks towards the east. In contrast to basins, which formed contemporaneously along the strike-slip faults of the Noric Depression and on top of the moving blocks (Styrian Basin), little is known about the Lavanttal Basin. In this paper geophysical, sedimentological, and structural data are used to study structure and evolution of the Lavanttal Basin. The eastern margin of the 2-km-deep basin is formed by the WNW trending Koralm Fault. The geometry of the gently dipping western basin flank shows that the present-day basin is only a remnant of a former significantly larger basin. Late Early (Karpatian) and early Middle Miocene (Badenian) pull-apart phases initiated basin formation and deposition of thick fluvial (Granitztal Beds), lacustrine, and marine (Mühldorf Fm.) sediments. The Mühldorf Fm. represents the Lower Badenian cycle TB2.4. Another flooding event caused brackish environments in late Middle Miocene (Early Sarmatian) time, whereas freshwater environments existed in Late Sarmatian time. The coal-bearing Sarmatian succession is subdivided into four fourth-order sequences. The number of sequences suggests that the effect of tectonic subsidence was overruled by sea-level fluctuations during Sarmatian time. Increased relief energy caused by Early Pannonian pull-apart activity initiated deposition of thick fluvial sediments. The present-day shape of the basin is a result of young (Plio-/Pleistocene) basin inversion. In contrast to the multi-stage Lavanttal Basin, basins along the Noric Depression show a single-stage history. Similarities between the Lavanttal and Styrian basins exist in Early Badenian and Early Sarmatian times.  相似文献   

13.
The combined micropaleontological (spores and pollen, diatoms, benthic foraminifers), lithologic, and isotopic-geochemical analysis of sediments from the northern shelf of the Sea of Okhotsk recovered by hydrostatic corer from the depth of 140 mbsl elucidated environmental changes in this part of the basin and adjacent land areas during the last 12.7 thousands cal. years. Geochronological scale of the core is established using the acceleration mass-spectrometry method for radiocarbon dating of benthic Foraminifera tests. The first insignificant warming in the northern part of the sea after glaciation occurred in the mid-Boreal time (9.6 ka ago) but not at the onset of the Holocene. The strongest warming in the region took place in the mid-Atlantic epoch to reach climatic optimum in the second half of the Subboreal (6 to 2.5 ka ago). A cooling in the northern shelf and adjacent land areas is established at the beginning of the Subatlantic (2.5 ka). A comparison of results obtained for Core 89211 with dated hydrological and climatic changes in central and southern parts of the Sea of Okhotsk (Gorbarenko et al., 2003, 2004) is used for a high-resolution analysis of climatic fluctuations in the study region and other areas of the basin during deglaciation and the Holocene.  相似文献   

14.
The quantitative parameters of the self-similarity of the aftershocks of the Japanese earthquake on March 11, 2011 were obtained. The parameters p in the Omori law (1.06), b in the Gutenberg-Richter law (0.61), and the fractal dimension (D) of the earthquake epicenters (1.52) were determined. Self-similarity is manifested in a range of two orders of temporal and spatial scales and four units of magnitude. The stability in time of parameter p and spatial variations in b and p parameters were revealed.  相似文献   

15.
中祁连西段花岗岩类的地球化学特征及构造意义   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
中祁连西段石板墩地区北部及南部发育有辉长岩、闪长岩及花岗岩。北带岩体的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄为(469.3±2.8)Ma,(461.2±3.3)Ma和(470.0±2.5)Ma;岩石Si O2质量百分含量为53.2%~66.11%,高Al,Ti,Mg,Fe,Ca,K,Na,A/CNK1.1;富集大离子亲石元素Rb,K和Pb,亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ce,Sr,Hf,Ti;REE总量较高,LREE富集、HREE近平坦型分布,中等的负Eu异常,δEu=0.6;此外,在构造判别图中,样品落于岛弧环境。南带岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(470.9±2.8)Ma和(472.3±4.2)Ma,岩石Si O2质量百分含量较高(67.13%~70.73%),高Al,Mg,Fe,Ca,富Na贫K,A/CNK1.1;岩石表现为明显的高Sr低Yb,Y的特点,富集大离子亲石元素R,K,Sr等,亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,P,Ti等;REE总量较低,LREE富集、HREE亏损,轻重稀土分异明显,轻微的负Eu异常至正异常,δEu=0.74~1.18。研究表明,北带岩体为地幔楔部分熔融产生的,形成于岛弧环境;南带岩体为消减的大洋岩石圈板块部分熔融产生的埃达克岩,是北祁连向南俯冲导致的岩浆作用的产物,"中祁连西段"是早古生代时期在"残留的微陆块"基础上形成的一个岛弧增生杂岩地体。  相似文献   

16.
从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。  相似文献   

17.
Crustal structure across the passive continental margin of the northeastern South China Sea (SCS) is presented based on a deep seismic survey cooperated between Taiwan and China in August 2001. Reflection data collected from a 48-hydrophone streamer and the vertical component of refraction/reflection data recorded at 11 ocean-bottom seismometers along a NW–SE profile are integrated to image the upper (1.6–2.4 km/s), lower (2.5–2.9 km/s), and compacted (3–4.5 km/s) sediment, the upper (4.5–5.5 km/s), middle (5.5–6.5 km/s) and lower (6.5–7.5 km/s) crystalline crust successively. The velocity model shows that the thickness (0.5–3 km) and the basement of the compacted sediment are strongly varied due to intrusion of the magma and igneous rocks after seafloor spreading of the SCS. Furthermore, several volcanoes and igneous rocks in the upper/middle crust (7–10 km thick) and a high velocity layer (0–5 km thick) in the lower crust of the model are identified as the ocean–continent transition (OCT) below the lower slope in the northeastern margin of the SCS. A thin continent NW of the OCT and a thick oceanic crust SE of the OCT in the continental margin of the northeastern SCS are also imaged, but these transitional crusts cannot be classified as the OCT due to their crustal thickness and the limited amount of the volcano, the magma and the high velocity layer. The extended continent, next to the gravity low and a sag zone extended from the SW Taiwan Basin, may have resulted from subduction of the Eurasian Plate beneath the Manila Trench whereas the thick oceanic crust may have been due to the excess volcanism and the late magmatic underplating in the oceanic crust after seafloor spreading of the SCS.  相似文献   

18.
楚雄盆地东部晚三叠世沉积环境   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文
本文着重从野外剖面典型沉积相以及室内资料分析出发,通过对楚雄盆地东部晚三叠世古地貌、岩相、古生物、粒度以及微量元素等方面的分析,探讨盆地东部晚三叠世的沉积环境,认为晚三叠世的沉积环境从海相演变为过渡相和陆相。  相似文献   

19.
准噶尔盆地第三纪磁性地层柱的建立   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  
通过对新疆准噶尔盆地第三系３个剖面古地磁样品的分析、测试，在生物地层学研究的基础上，建立了一条较为完整的第三纪磁性地层柱，标定了各组地质年代，为在不同盆地进行对比，提供了新的依据。  相似文献   

20.
We discuss nine palinspastic geological maps (Plates 1–9), at scale, which depict the evolution of the Tethys belt from the Pliensbachian (190 Ma) to the Tortonian (10 Ma). A Present structural map (Plate 10) is shown for comparison at the same scale with the same conventions. Our reconstructions are based on a kinematic synthesis (Savostin et al., 1986), a paleomagnetic synthesis (Westphal et al., 1986) and geological compilations and analyses concerning in particular the western domain (Ricou et al., 1986), the eastern passive margins (Kazmin et al., 1986a), the eastern active margins (Kazmin et al., 1986b), the Black Sea-Caspian Sea basins (Zonenshain and Le Pichon, 1986) and the ophiolites (Knipper et al., 1986).  相似文献   

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