共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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测定天文大气折射和建立电磁波折射延迟实测模型(Ⅲ)-专用测量仪器 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对用天文大气折射测定值,建立随观测站和随方位而异的电磁波折射延迟改正模型的高精度要求,提出了新的仪器误差理论,其主要内容是允许仪器误差存在,并看成是不断变化的,采用相应的测量方法作实时的测定和修正,同时消除仪器的各种变形和误差的影响,排除观测数据中的各种系统误差来源,并达到提高单次测定精度目的;文中还针对不同纬度的观测站、多方位、从天顶直到低空的观测需要,给出了仪器总体结构的安排,和采用视频CCD作为接收器的终端设计方案,也给出了各种仪器误差的测定方法和测量装置的设计要求。 相似文献
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叙述了低纬子午环在研制中没有对加工提出苛刻的高精度要求的原因，分析了仪器在目前状态下，仪器方位指向、水平轴指向和望远镜光轴指向的实际精度，论述了克服这些指向误差影响，提高观测精度的基本思路，以及仪器研制成功的关键所在。 相似文献
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仪器误差的精确测定和消除对于提高子午环的观测精度有着至关重要的意义。本文简单介绍了 低纬子午环的观测原理和仪器结构，系统地探讨了它的各种仪器误差的来源、测定和和。 相似文献
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本文讨论了在利用卯酉圈观测方法绝对测定观测点瞬时纬度的过程中,仪器定向误差、周日光行差和大气折射的高次项对所得结果的影响。研究结果表明,仪器定向误差的高次项影响在可观测天顶距范围内都是比较大的,必须在结果中加以改正。而周日光行差和大气折射的影响一般不大,在精度要求的范围内可以忽略。 相似文献
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本文对ＬＬＭＣ＋ＣＣＤ仪器系统的误差理论进行了综合性的探讨。文中所涉及的误差主要来自两方面：其一是来自仪器系统本身的误差，其二是来自仪器系统以外的误差。 相似文献
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本文分析了低纬子午环方位定向的误差来源和设置方位检测系统的必要性 ,给出了检测系统的参数 ,用实测值计算了钢球定位盘的精度和用检测值作修正的精度 ,这种修正精度是仅依靠提高仪器稳定性和加工精度所不能达到的 ,文中还叙述了检测系统存在的问题和改进方法。 相似文献
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利用低纬子午环在卯酉圈东西两边同时观测得到的一对赤纬近似相等的恒星的天顶距，可以用来绝对确定仪器的瞬时方位差。这一方法不必对方位差的变化规律作任何假设，不需要改变现有的仪器设计方案。这将有利于改善低纬子午环的观测系统。 相似文献
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The paper deals with the method based on treating the axial meridian circle and a long-focus light mark in the prime vertical as a single virtual instrument that has properties of meridian circle. A horizontal axis, a sighting line, and a micrometer cross-wire of the instrument are created by optical means. The key function here is performed by the light mark that ensures a reference direction used for formation of instrumental principal planes and directions. Stability of instrumental azimuth, inclination, and collimation is expected to be about ±0.″01. Besides, an accuracy of observations is not affected by any temperature and weight deformations of telescope mechanics. Owing to the last circumstance, the design is cheap and the telescope aperture may be increased significantly, to about 1m. An estimate of accuracy of observations depends on the adopted model of image motion, and for sites with excellent seeing and bright stars is ±0.″03 to ±0.″05 (rms). 相似文献
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LIU Xuan Aili Yusup Xiang Bin-bin Wang Cong-si XU Qian Wang Jun 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2018,42(3):462-474
According to the influence mechanism of the antenna track irregularity on the telescope pointing accuracy, the distribution of the track errors and their influence on the pointing of the Urumqi Nanshan 26 m telescope are reanalyzed after the antenna track was reformed by using the whole-body welding technology, and hereby the pointing error model is correspondingly revised. By using the moving least-squares method, the measured height errors of the antenna track plane are fitted with a closed curve, and the tilt of the antenna azimuth axis caused by the track irregularity can be determined accordingly. Comparing it with the measured deviation of the antenna azimuth axis caused by the deformation of antenna pedestal, it can be found that both deviations are strongly correlated. A new pointing error model is established in view of the gravity deformation of antenna pedestal, which includes the north-south and east-west components, as well as the antenna track irregularity. Finally, by scanning a known calibration radio source at different positions in the sky, the measured pointing errors are fitted with the new pointing error model. The result shows that the sinusoidal component of the model error can be well constrained by the new pointing correction model, indicating that the new model can reflect very well the antenna pointing error, and can amend it to a certain extend. 相似文献
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仪器误差的精确测定和消除对于提高子午环的观测精度有着至关重要的意义。本文简单介绍了低纬子午环的观测原理和仪器结构，系统地探讨了它的各种仪器误差的来源、测定和处理方法。为了进一步完善采用组合固定角距法测定对径改正的方法，在第三章，研究了提高对径改正测量精度的方法，重新推导了对径改正的计算公式，并就某些具体的条件，对其进行了模拟验证，得到了较为满意的结果 相似文献