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1.
Boon-khean Cheang 《Journal of Earth System Science》1993,102(1):219-239
Interannual variations of the monsoons have been studied utilising homogeneous rainfall records of 41 years (1951–1991) from
Malaysia and upper air data of stations in Asia, Australia and Western Pacific. Sources of upper air data are U.S. Department
of Commerce and Kuala Lumpur Northern Winter Monsoon Activity Centre. Extreme wet and dry years have been identified and the
influence of ENSO on Malaysian annual rainfall has been discussed. Influence of ENSO on the performance of northern summer
and winter monsoons has also been studied from Malaysian rainfall data. Further, regional circulation patterns associated
with El Nino and La Nina years have also been identified. No linear trend has been found in the annual rainfall of 16 stations
in Malaysia. Most El Nino years are associated with below median and La Nina years with above median rainfall at most stations
in Malaysia. ENSO has greater influence over East Malaysia than peninsular Malaysia. Interannual variability of rainfall with
reference to ENSO conditions has been discussed in details. Also, circulation features have been identified to foresee El
Nino/La Nina events. 相似文献
2.
《Geoforum》2015
This paper explores Malaysia’s efforts to develop and dominate a global market in halal (literally, ‘lawful or ‘permitted’) commodities as a diaspora strategy and how Malaysian state institutions, entrepreneurs, restaurants and middle-class groups in London respond to and are affected by this effort. The empirical focus is on London because this city not only holds a special position in the Malaysian state’s halal vision but also historical linkages that evoke diaspora strategies. I argue that Malaysian diaspora strategies should be explored in the interfaces between Islam, state and market. Among the political elite, and, thus, the Malaysian state, there exists a fascination with discovering or even inventing a cosmopolitan ‘Malay diaspora’ and current diaspora strategies try to address this challenge. An important question explored is how the Malaysian diaspora in London understand and practise Malaysian diaspora strategies in the globalized market for halal products and services. This paper is based on ethnographic material from fieldwork among state institutions, entrepreneurs, restaurants and middle-class groups in Kuala Lumpur and London, namely participant observation and interviewing. 相似文献
3.
The binational reality of border-crossing cities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jan Buursink 《GeoJournal》2001,54(1):7-19
In a time of changing border functions city pairs on either side of national state borders have increasingly become objects
of attention, because of border crossing contacts and co-operation at the local level. This paper focuses on conceptual aspects
of such city pairs, owing their existence to either duplication of an already existing city or to partitioning of a once united
city. In search of a proper name that expresses the relations between such partner cities without metaphorical exaggeration,
the current vocabulary is reviewed. Especially the notion of the ‘binational city’ receives critical attention. A discussion
of selected cases of paired cities in Europe and North-America has been included to underline the importance of local conditions
and historical backgrounds with regard to the mutual relations and conditions of co-operation. In conclusion the author states
that for the time being ‘border–crossing’ cities seems to be the best name for city pairs of different national backgrounds,
the emergence of true ‘binational cities’ being a rather exceptional outcome in a far future.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Groundwater has played an important role in economic development in Southeast Asian countries, but some problems caused by
nature or human actions such as contamination, over pumping, and land subsidence bring the necessity of more systematic groundwater
monitoring wells. The analytical hierarchy process with pairwise comparison was used to allocate and organize the regional
groundwater monitoring wells in five regions, Thailand, Cambodia, East/West Malaysia, and South Korea. Five different multi
criteria decision models, which were composed of three primary criteria and eight secondary criteria, were developed based
on the answers of the questionnaire from 76 groundwater experts in Thailand, 100 in Cambodia, 101 in East Malaysia, 87 in
West Malaysia, and 93 in South Korea. It was revealed that the weights of model criteria for each country, which also represent
relative importance on groundwater monitoring, were different according to the diverse groundwater situation. The most important
factor to determine the number of monitoring well was ‘number of households using only groundwater as a water source’ for
Thailand and South Korea, ‘number of contamination sources’ for Cambodia, ‘amount of groundwater use for drinking-water supply’
for East Malaysia, and ‘number of wells with contaminated water’ for West Malaysia. 相似文献
5.
This paper juxtaposes the actual areas of settlement and settlement activities of Chinese migrants in Brisbane’s southern
suburbs since the mid-1980s, with the concomitant, ‘government planned’ construction of the city’s Chinatown as an ‘exotic,’
‘ethnic,’ and ‘cosmopolitan’ landmark. It argues that while the latter, as with Chinatowns in other Australian and world cities,
has continued to appropriate the symbols of so-called ‘Chineseness’ to sell the locale to non-Chinese, the former, in recalling
the notion of ‘ethnoburbia,’ significantly evinces actual Chinese migrants’ agency and role in place-making. In the process,
these migrants have not only established a local, ethnically meaningful environment, but also challenged the still current
metonymic Western image of the Chinese as preferring life in ‘ethnic’ urban enclaves that had its origin from early Chinese
settlement and fundamentally detached from the lives of other ethnic groups per se. Indeed greater recognition and comprehension of such locales may go a long way to illustrate that many Chinese living in
Australia today do not fit the territorial, place-based identity often associated with them in the imagination of mainstream
society. 相似文献
6.
Laura Jones 《GeoJournal》2010,75(4):359-371
Conspiratorial thought has been highly visible in post-September 11th America, manifest through the continued growth of a
public ‘9/11 Truth Movement’ as well as at the state-level, through the Bush administration’s conspiracy rhetoric of Islamic
terrorists intent on infiltrating the US homeland. In this paper, I demonstrate how conspiracy can be understood as a ‘knowledge-producing
discourse’; dialectically engaged across multiple subject positions and through which geopolitical narratives are performatively
produced and contested at interconnected scales of bodies, homes, city streets and national ‘homelands’. Through drawing on,
and challenging, the conceptual and methodological approaches of a burgeoning feminist geopolitics, I ground my analysis in
the embodied performances of ‘patriotic dissent’ by members of the 9/11 Truth Movement in New York City, as well as through
my own situated and ethical engagement with positions of political difference. 相似文献
7.
Hans Knippenberg 《GeoJournal》2006,67(4):317-330
The Netherlands is part of the historic Northwest-Southeast multi-confessional culture belt according to the comparative framework
of church-state relations in Europe as recently developed by Madeley on the basis of Rokkan’s conceptual map. The aim of this
paper is to describe the development of the church-state relations in the Netherlands within this historic framework of state-formation
and nation-building, and to interpret recent challenges of its historic state-church model, such as secularisation, the rise
of immigrant religions, and general ‘de- and re-territorialisation’ tendencies. The Netherlands developed from a relatively
very tolerant polity dominated by the Calvinist Church to a ‘pillarised’ society, in which the Rome-Reformation divide (which
also had a strong geographical dimension) was institutionalised in the political system. After the 1960s, very strong secularisation
put this ‘pillarised’ system under severe pressure, but the remnants of this system offered a favourable opportunity structure
for religious newcomers (Muslims in particular), who could establish their mosques and Muslim schools relatively easily. However,
while the main Protestant churches, and even Catholic and Protestant political parties have merged, failing integration of
these newcomers in Dutch society and terrorist attacks at the global level as well as in the Netherlands encouraged a new
divide between Muslims and non-Muslims. The metropolitan areas in particular became the scene of this new divide. 相似文献
8.
Fred Powell 《GeoJournal》2012,77(2):141-152
This article sets out to explore the political relationship between the global and the local through the prism of the sustainable
development. The ideal of sustainable communities is explored in the context of evolving political fictions that define alternative
conceptions of modernity. While the article uses Ireland (reputedly the most globalised society in the world) as a microcosm
of development, the context is firmly located within the wider sphere of European and planetary politics. It is argued that
the ideal of sustainable communities offers the opportunity of reviving the civic republican tradition of democracy (the Ancient
Greek agora) as a metaphor for the public sphere in the conditions of late modern society. The agora in Ancient Greece provided a site of political assembly, based upon participation (citizens’ engagement in decision-making)
and deliberation (a process of reached argument). Today, concepts such as ‘participatory civility’ and ‘discursive democracy’
seek to revive these classical ideals, as the basis for building sustainable communities in a transforming modernity that
searches for a new logic of development. 相似文献
9.
This case study considers the early development and recent changes that have occurred in the vicinity of Joo Chiat Road, Singapore,
which can be described as a ‘linear activity corridor’ linking the districts of Geylang, Katong and Marine Parade, immediately
east of Singapore’s urban core. Singapore’s Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) has declared Joo Chiat to be a ‘Conservation
Area’, reflecting local-born Peranakan and Eurasian cultures, with similar status to other more central historic sites such as Chinatown, Kampong Glam, Little India
and Emerald Hill. But the story of Joo Chiat has evolved along a somewhat different trajectory from the more prominent, tourism-related,
heritage areas, with a multiplicity of interactions operating at the margins of the planning process. This has led to the
spatial infusion of potentially discordant, globally related, ‘entertainment and recreational’ activities into an area of
established urban identity and multiple attachments. When a policy of police containment was found to be inadequate in protecting
local residents from undesirable impacts, changes were eventually brought about through a combination of neighbourhood activism
and local political initiative. Through detailed land use inspections, press reports and strategic interviews, backed up by
secondary sources, the study highlights the impingement of marginalised, potentially disruptive ‘global’ elements into a local
heritage conservation area, and the importance of strong neighbourhood identity and community involvement as active components
in the process of conflict resolution. 相似文献
10.
Cross-border communication and co-operation at the Eastern fringe of the European Union seems so far to have been a matter
of political initiative and a lot of good will at the levels of national, regional and local governance. This article maintains
that everyday culture must be given more notice when cross-border activities are regarded at the local level, especially in
twin cities. The case of the German-Polish twin city Guben/Gubin reveals a strong tendency towards a new divergence of thought
and action between formal and informal levels of action, namely the level of local politics and governance and the level of
local everyday milieux. While the politics of Euroregions, local administrations and local governments is very often directed
towards establishing symbolic gestures of border-crossing and mutual understanding, social milieux at the ‘base’ of local
societies are rather driven by a paradoxical mixture of hope, anxiety, resentments and prejudice, thus producing contradictions
and even conflict with official political initiative.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
Shear wave velocity is one of the most important input parameter in the analysis of geotechnical earthquake engineering problems,
particularly to estimate site-specific amplification factor and ground response study. Dynamic in situ tests such as spectral
analysis of surface waves (SASW) or multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) are very expensive. Also due to lack of
specialized personnel, these tests are generally avoided in many soil investigation programs. Worldwide, several researchers
have developed correlations between the SPT ‘N’ value and shear wave velocity ‘V
s’, which are useful for determining the dynamic soil properties. In the present study, more than 400 numbers of soil borehole
data were collected from various geotechnical investigation agencies, government engineering institutes and geotechnical laboratories
from different parts of Mumbai city, which is financial capital of India with highest population density. In this paper, an
attempt has been made to develop the correlation between the SPT ‘N’ value and shear wave velocity ‘V
s’ for various soil profile of Mumbai city and compared with other existing correlations for different cities in India. Using
Geographical Information System (GIS), a geospatial contour map of shear wave velocity profile for Mumbai city is prepared
with contour intervals of 25 and 50 m/s. The scarcity of database or maps of shear wave velocity profile for Mumbai city will
make the present geospatial contour maps extremely useful and beneficial to the designer, practitioners for seismic hazard
study involved in geotechnical earthquake engineering. 相似文献
12.
Segregation is a central concept in the debate on urban issues, both in scientific literature and in society in general. The
process of globalisation is particularly expected to increase polarisation and segregation in cities, resulting in the emergence
of ‘ghettos’ or – as they are called in the Netherlands – ‘income neighbourhoods’. This paper tries to judge the situation
in Dutch cities by studying changes over time; by looking at segregation within cities as well as between cities and the wider
metropolitan area; and by comparing socio-economic differences with socio-cultural and socio-demographic characteristics.
The analysis shows that the empirical facts are quite different from the ongoing debate. It establishes that socio-economic
segregation is more moderate than segregation with respect to the other two dimensions. Contrary to suggestions from the vernacular
debate, segregation within cities is scarcely increasing, but between cities and the surrounding area it is rising with respect
to all three dimensions.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
Problems associated with tourism development in Southern Africa: The case of Transfrontier Conservation Areas 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sanette Ferreira 《GeoJournal》2004,60(3):301-310
Tourism in Southern Africa is synonymous with the wildlife safari. In the post-colonial era the establishment of so-called
‘peaceparks’ that straddle the borders of states has come to be seen as a key not only to increasing tourism in the Southern
African region, but also to the modernizing of conservation policies and the development of rural economies. This paper focuses
on the global and continental presence of transfrontier conservation areas, the link between conservation and tourism development,
and the current factors that constrain and influence the realization of an ‘African Dream’ — ‘establishment of the greatest
animal kingdom’. The unstable political situation in Zimbabwe and how this negatively affects wildlife conservation and tourism
in the Gonarezhou part of the Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Park, serves as a case study.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
Virginie Mamadouh 《GeoJournal》1999,47(3):477-486
Differences between the national political cultures of the European states are puzzling. They are too often taken for granted
or treated as an elusive explanation for residual differences that can not be accounted for in comparative politics. Here
they are put at the core of a comparative analysis. This article explores the origins of differences between national political
cultures. It deals with national political cultures from the perspective of Cultural Theory or grid-group analysis. A national
political culture is conceived as a ‘conversation’ between subcultures associated to national political institutions and practices
(and not as an aggregated pattern of individual orientations toward political objects). National political cultures can be
characterised on the basis of ideal typical patterns of relations between the basic cultures or rationalities distinguished
by Cultural Theory. After an assessment of the differences between the national political cultures of the Member States of
the European Union, the paper considers traditional family structures as possible sources of differentiation, elaborating
upon the work of the French political historian Emmanuel Todd who has documented the correspondence between the geography
of traditional family structures and the geography of ideologies in Europe.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
The binational cities of Dover and Calais and their region 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Odile Heddebaut 《GeoJournal》2001,54(1):61-71
This paper analyses the question of cities that are localised at each part of an international border. We take as an example
the two cities of Dover and Calais and look at if they can be considered as binational cities, because they have been recently
connected by a tunnel, the ‘fixed link’, and because since 1993, the inner state borders of the European Union have disappeared.
It determines firstly if these two towns have been brought closer by the construction of the Channel tunnel and if specific
ties are linking these two towns. The article scrutinizes actions taken under INTERREG funds under the general framework of
the creation of the ‘Transmanche Region’ and its extension towards a Euroregion to sort out these two cities joint involvement.
Finally, it checks if this new area could lead to cross-border activity either for work or tourism and leisure purposes that
could conduct the cities of Dover and Calais toward a new type of relationship, premises of a binational city.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Peter J. Rimmer 《GeoJournal》1999,48(1):43-65
There is a need to move from discussing the Asia-Pacific Rim's leading port cities as shipping centres measured by container
throughput. This shift in focus involves examining how different transport and telecommunications systems are interacting
with each other at an international scale under the power and control of major world operators. Using a three-level network
framework an attempt is made to illustrate and explain the formation of multilayered trade/communications corridors and hubs/headquarters
in the Asia-Pacific Rim since the mid-1980s and to identify the factors affecting them. From this examination of spatial structure
and corporate control three levels of cities in the Asia-Pacific Rim are recognised: first level cities with strong corporate
representation in container shipping, air cargo, air passenger and telecommunications; second level cities with marked corporate
representation in one but not all four modes; and third level cities with no marked corporate representation in any mode but
with strong throughput. The third level includes the Asia-Pacific Rim's ‘true’ port cities. Perhaps the ambiguous category
‘port city’ should be reserved for them.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
《Geoforum》2016
This paper is based on 6 months of ethnographic, multi-sited research in Malaysia, and investigates the relatively recent phenomenon of edible birds’ nest farming in urban areas (‘swiftlet farming’). Swiftlet farms are typically converted shophouses or other buildings which have been modified for the purpose of harvesting the nests of the Edible-nest Swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus). I use the controversy over urban swiftlet farming in the Malaysian city of George Town, Penang, to examine discourses used by key stakeholders to shape debates over the place of non-human animals in cities. By considering everyday experiences of urban swiftlet farming, I explore how this burgeoning industry is perceived amongst residents, and how it is deemed to be (in)appropriate within the political, economic and cultural landscape of George Town. Yet, I also consider how farmers have sought to contest these discourses on ideological and normative grounds. In so doing, I place the cultural animal geographies literature in conversation with emergent literature on landscape and urban political ecology. Such a framing allows for a critical evaluation of the controversies surrounding this case, and their implications for human-animal cohabitation in cities. The paper reflects on the implications of this case for how we regulate human-animal relations and live in contemporary cities, and the crucial role of animals in altering urban form, aesthetics and everyday life, particularly in non-Western contexts. 相似文献
18.
Susan P. Mains 《GeoJournal》2004,59(4):253-264
For some time the US-Mexico border has been a symbol – and site – of conflict, collaboration, and transnational mobility.
Related to the border, the topic of undocumented immigration, and Mexican migrants in particular, has received considerable
attention in US mainstream media. Cinema in particular, provides a context for producing and interrogating discourses of nationalism,
nativism, and fear. The cinematic examples I draw on illustrate an ongoing fear (and terror) about borders and border crossing of various forms. In this paper I explore how narratives of borders and
nationhood are mapped onto immigrant bodies and border spaces through specific filmic representations. In order to undertake
this study I focus on three cinematic examples exploring immigration at the US-Mexico border – Touch of Evil, The Border and Lone Star. I examine how concepts of borders, race, and gender, and tropes of ‘The South’ are reterritorialized around immigrant bodies
and specific locales. I argue that an inability to control and ‘fix’ boundaries around possible ‘threats’ to specific US spaces
and identities is counteracted by displacing this fear onto more easily marked targets that are viewed as posing challenges
to US national (and personal) security, i.e., undocumented immigrants. At the same time, cinematic images illustrate that
the threats and spaces for immigrants themselves become increasingly marginalized, blurred, and frequently erased.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Paulo Cesar da Costa Gomes 《GeoJournal》2004,60(4):339-344
We are concerned here with the notion of space as a primary condition for building social relations. From this stand, we have
created two analytical matrixes that can help us characterize two modes: that of ‘being-there-in-space’ and that of ‘being-of-the-space’;
the nomospace and the genospace. While the nomospace is characterized by ‘cold’ connotations, which are ideally defined as a result of a logical option, the genospace is mainly characterized by emotional or ‘warm’ connotations, which originate from a feeling of shared nature and common destiny.
We believe that these matrixes could help us to identify the meanings of some behaviours and, therefore, make us more capable
of interpreting many dynamics that occur in modern societies. The importance of geography is justified by the existing relationship
between these behaviours and their proper spatial form.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
Bolivia is a country with high levels of poverty and inequality among its peoples and regions. For the nation and its urban
and rural areas, trends in the social and spatial distribution of poverty (and extreme poverty) are identified from 1976 to
2003 using UBN data with minor support where appropriate from poverty lines. The main survey between 1992 and 2001 uses composite
and selected UBN to track detailed poverty change for the country’s nine departments, its ten largest cities and a selection
of other smaller urban and rural municipalities. Because of rising background increases in population in the various surveyed
administrative units, many instances of relative reductions in poverty are accompanied by rising absolute increases. Marked
spatial variations in poverty and development in the country over the last several decades are identified as the main driver
for the country’s quickening pace of rural–urban migration. As a result, the paper concludes by assessing two different but
closely related views. One investigation tests the notion that because more poor people have been living in Bolivia’s cities
than in its rural areas since the mid to late 1990s, rapid rural–urban migration has simply shifted the locus of poverty from
the countryside to the cities in a process called, the ‘urbanisation of poverty.’ A second, more challenging, investigation
assesses the view that the flow of poor rural people to the better serviced urban areas of Bolivia has actually acted to alleviate
national poverty levels. 相似文献