共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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基于线性参照系统的虚拟高速铁路场景建模方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
虚拟高速铁路场景能够直观地表达线路实体及其周围的地形地貌,为高速铁路相关的管理决策和科学实验提供支持。针对高速铁路空间数据的线性分布特征和地物对象结构固定的特性,本文提出了基于线性参照系统的虚拟高速铁路场景建模方法。将高速铁路对象抽象和简化为可重复利用的模型,并使用线性参照工具进行模型的空间定位,以实现虚拟高速铁路场景的构建。本文首先探讨了高速铁路线路和线性参照系统的特点;然后,详细给出了构建虚拟高速铁路场景的流程、模型属性表和事件表的设计,以及几何约束方法;最后,选择案例区域开展试验。结果表明,该建模方法将建模对象以事件表的形式进行空间定位,减少了计算复杂性,并将属性数据与虚拟场景对象进行联接,可用于高速铁路的可视化管理和科学分析。 相似文献
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The state-of-the-art OpenFOAM technology is used to develop a numerical model that can be devoted to numerically investigating wake-collapse internal waves generated by a submerged moving body.The model incorporates body geometry,propeller forcing,and stratification magnitude of seawater.The generation mechanism and wave properties are discussed based on model results.It was found that the generation of the wave and its properties depend greatly on the body speed.Only when that speed exceeds some critical value,between 1.5 and 4.5 m/s,can the moving body generate wake-collapse internal waves,and with increases of this speed,the time of generation advances and wave amplitude increases.The generated wake-collapse internal waves are confirmed to have characteristics of the second baroclinic mode.As the body speed increases,wave amplitude and length increase and its waveform tends to take on a regular sinusoidal shape.For three linearly temperature-stratified profiles examined,the weaker the stratification,the stronger the wake-collapse internal wave. 相似文献
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In this study, the simulating waves nearshore(SWAN) model with a locally refined curvilinear grid system was constructed to simulate waves in Jervis Bay and the neighbouring ocean of Australia, with the aim of examining the wave characteristics in an area with special topography and practical importance.This model was verified by field observations from buoys and acoustic Doppler profilers(ADPs). The model precisions were validated for both wind-generated waves and open-ocean swells. We present an approach with which to convert ADP-observed current data from near the bottom into the significant wave height. Our approach is deduced from the Fourier transform technique and the linear wave theory. The results illustrate that the location of the bay entrance is important because it allows the swells in the dominant direction to propagate into the bay despite the narrowness of the bay entrance. The wave period T p is also strongly related to the wave direction in the semi-enclosed bay. The T p is great enough along the entire propagating direction from the bay entrance to the top of the bay, and the largest T p appears along the north-west coast,which is the end tip of the swells' propagation. 相似文献
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高温热浪风险评估研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在全球气候变化大背景下,极端高温事件发生频率及强度明显增多。据相关气象数据统计,若任由灾害肆虐,越来越多的人将死于全球热效应、疟疾、登革热和其他热相关疾病。本文根据近年来国内外学者研究进展,梳理了高温热浪风险评估的基本步骤,讨论了高温热浪风险评估的风险性框架,提出未来可利用遥感技术构建高温热浪风险的空间评估体系,将孕灾环境的暴露度、危险性、系统脆弱性及适应性相结合,综合构建风险评估体系。针对评估因子的选择进行论述,探讨了图层叠置法、主观赋权法、客观赋权法及组合赋权法等多种确定各指标权重的方法,分析比较了不同方法的利弊,将H-AHP与图层叠置结合的方法与简单的加减、乘除法进行对比,论述其在综合评价模型构建中的优势,并针对高温热浪风险等级的划分方法进行了对比,论述了不同方法适用的不同情况及其优势,为未来建立合理高温热浪灾害风险评估体系提供了方法参考,为进一步了解高温热浪危害,建立高温热浪监测、评估、报告制度,进一步完善建立高温热浪灾害预警体系提供有利依据。 相似文献
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圣宗庙花岗岩出露于辽西凹陷与山海关古隆起的衔接部位。依据岩体的岩石、矿物和地球化学特征分析,岩体形成于造山后期拉张环境,岩石富碱、富硅、贫钙,岩浆分异程度高、粘度大,是下地壳亏损熔体的Ⅰ型源岩经部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆脉动定位形成的花岗岩,具有A型花岗岩特征。 相似文献
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廖华 《大地测量与地球动力学》1996,(1)
讨论了多个粗差的定位方法──“向前、向后”探测法,并编制了相应的平差计算程序,对鲜水河断裂带上具有代表意义的虾拉沱小测边网和老乾宁小测边网进行了粗差探测与自动剔除,结果表明效果显著,方法简单、有效。 相似文献
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《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(5)
Elastic waves in the seabed generated by low-frequency noise radiating from ships are known as ship seismic waves and can be used to detect and identify ships.To obtain the propagation characteristics of ship seismic waves,an algorithm for calculating seismic waves at the seafl oor is presented based on the staggered-grid fi nite diff erence method.The accuracy of the algorithm was tested by comparison with analytical solutions.Numerical simulation of seismic waves generated by a low-frequency point sound source in a typical shallow sea environment was carried out.Using various source frequencies and locations in the numerical simulation,we show that the seismic waves in the near fi eld are composed mostly of transmitted S-waves and interface waves while transmitted P-waves are weak near the seafl oor.However,in the far fi eld,the wave components of the seismic wave are mainly normal modes and interface waves,with the latter being relatively strong in the waveforms.As the source frequency decreases,the normal modes become smaller and the interface waves dominate the time series of the seismic waves. 相似文献
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A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SUSPENDED SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS USING AN ADCP MOUNTED ON A MOVING VESSEL 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
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中国台湾地区海洋负荷潮汐对重力、位移、倾斜和应变固体潮观测的影响 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
利用最新的由卫星测高数据解算获得的Csr4.0全球海潮模型，中国近海海潮资料和标准地球模型负荷格林函数，采用积分格林函数方法研究了台湾地区10个台站的重力，位移，倾斜和应变固体潮观测中的海潮负荷效应。给出了4个主要潮波（O1，K1，M2，S2）的负荷振幅和相位，研究了负荷应变花分布特征，构制了台北站的负荷时变特征，数值结果说明，台湾地区各台站受海潮影响十分明显，因此在实施重力，位移，倾斜和应变固体潮观测中心必须考虑海潮负荷效应。 相似文献
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机载干涉合成孔径雷达（Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,InSAR）是获取地面数字高程模型（Digital Elevation Model,DEM）的重要手段之一。InSAR系统参数误差会影响生成DEM的精度,利用干涉定标技术可以校正系统参数,补偿系统误差。目前,机载SAR干涉定标解算方法多采用天线基线长度、基线倾角,以及干涉相位偏置3个参数共同构建敏感度矩阵解算干涉定标参数偏差（参数耦合式解算方法）。由于机载InSAR系统对干涉相位偏置参数的敏感度较小,与基线长度、基线倾角的敏感度存在数量级差异,3个参数共同构建敏感度矩阵病态严重,易将微小的参数扰动传播扩大为较大的解向量误差,影响干涉定标精度,同时增大算法对干涉定标外场实验中角反射器布设高程的敏感度。本文提出一种机载SAR干涉定标参数分离式解算方法,在干涉定标解算过程中,对基线长度、基线倾角及干涉相位偏置3个参数进行分离,选取基线长度与基线倾角2个参数构建敏感度矩阵进行解算,对干涉相位偏置参数进行单独拟合解算,最终获得3个参数的综合定标结果。经机载双天线InSAR系统获取的真实数据验证,与参数耦合式解算方法相比,利用参数分离式解算方法构建得到的敏感度矩阵条件数由1.07E+06下降至5.02,系统参数定标后生成DEM与高精度参考DEM的平均高程偏差由14.98 m下降至6.51 m,干涉定标精度显著提高。另外,根据角反射器布设高程数值仿真模拟分析结果,与参数耦合式解算方法相比,参数分离式解算方法对角反射器布设高程变化的敏感度显著降低,对角反射器布设高程的普适性较高,且算法解算精度在角反射器布设高程起伏较小时不受明显影响,有助于减轻机载SAR干涉定标的野外工作强度。 相似文献
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对600尾菊黄东方[鱼屯]（Takfugu flavidus） 1龄幼鱼在池塘养殖条件下的生长特性进行研究。结果表明;菊 黄东方[鱼屯]67日龄幼鱼经过127d的培育后,体长从（ 3.53±0.73）cm增至（ 10.33±0.98） cm,日均增长0.054 cm, 体长增长率193.14%;体质量从（2.41± 1.60）g增至（ 54.39±13.62 ） g,日均增重0.413 g,体质量增长率2135.8%, 体质量与体长呈幕函数关系,关系式为：W=0.0448L30570 （R2=0.9922）, b值接近于3,属等速生长型。体长 （l）与日龄（t）表现为线性相关：l= 0.0585t ＋ 3.7811 （R2= 0.9621 ）,体质量（w）与日龄（t）表现为指数相 关：w=3.3211e00286t （R2=0.9363）。 相似文献
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提出了一种用于垂直形变分析的附有标高刻度的三维立体剖面图的全新模型方法 ,介绍了用这一模型方法建立国家复测水准网三维立体剖面图模型的过程。使用表明 ,这一模型方法与目前常用的三维空间表示方法相比 ,在定量、定位分析水准点的沉降变化时具有直观、快速等优点。 相似文献
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曲堂栋 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(2):97-109
The Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) Programme used a mix of T4 (450m) and T7(750 m) XBT's during the pre-TOGA periods. Studies are needed to determine how to use the T4/T7 datatogether, in particular with regard to a reference level for calculation of dynamic height and geostrophiccurrents. Temperature profiles to 750 m collected from 1986 through 1989 on the trackline across theIndonesian throughflow between NW Australia and Java are used to show the relations between dynamicbeight and geostriohic flow using reference levels at 400 db and 750 db. A very high temporalcorrelation between vertically averaged temperture in the upper 400 m and dynamic height at 50 m rela-tive to 750 db was found. The corresponding regression relationships are presented for all one degree lati-tude bins along the section and can be used for dynamical calculation of currents in the upper 400 m rel-ative to 750 db .An attempt is made to estimate volume transport relative to 750 db from 400 m pro-files. Problems which make est 相似文献
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Internal waves play a crucial role in ocean mixing, and density perturbation and energy flux are essential quantities to investigate the generation and propagation of internal waves. This paper presents a methodology for calculating density perturbation and energy flux of internal waves only using a velocity field that is based on linearized equations for internal waves. The method was tested by numerical simulations of internal waves generated by tidal flowing over a Gaussian topography in a stratified fluid. The density perturbations and energy fluxes determined using our method that only used velocity data agreed with density perturbations and energy fluxes determined by the equation of state based on temperature data. The mean relative error (MRE) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the two methods were lower than 5% and 10% respectively. In addition, an experiment was performed to exam our method using the velocity field measured by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), and the setup of the experiment is consistent with the numerical model. The results of the experiments calculated by the methods using PIV data were also generally equal to those of the numerical model. 相似文献
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Modeling sediment transport depends on several parameters, such as suspended sediment concentration (SSC), shear stress, and settling velocity. To assess the ability of Pulse-Coherent Acoustic Doppler Profiling (PC-ADP) to non-intrusively quantify spatial and temporal SSC and settling velocity at seabed, a field experiment was conducted in the Beibu Gulf (Tonkin Gulf), in the South China Sea. The spatial profiles and temporal variations in SSC at 1 m above bottom were derived from PC-ADP acoustic backscatter intensity determinations after being calibrated with the optical backscatter sensor (OBS) measurements at the same elevation. The PC-ADP and OBS results agreed well. The temporal settling velocity obtained from Rouse profiles agreed well with the Soulsby formula based on size information by LISST (laser in situ scattering and transmissometry). Tides and tidal currents are diurnal in the gulf. SSC increased with increasing ebb and flood flow, and it rapidly decreased with the increase of distance from the seabed. The maximum SSC at 0.16 m and 1.3 m above bottom reached 816 mg/L and 490 mg/L during spring tides, respectively. The sediments consisted of mineral particles 23-162 μm in diameter and 0.05-2.04 cm/s in settling velocity. Generally, both the SSC and settling velocity followed variations in the bottom friction. Results suggest that PC-ADP is able to provide reasonable SSC and settling velocity measurements of both profiles and time series for a long study period. 相似文献
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滑坡作为水库库区主要地质灾害类型之一,其风险研究一直是近年来的研究热点。水库滑坡涌浪的产生使滑坡灾害的影响范围由滑坡源本身扩散到上下游数千米,极大地扩大了滑坡风险的承灾体类型与数量以及灾害损失程度。因涉及交叉学科领域,滑坡涌浪风险评估是滑坡风险灾害链评价的难点与前沿课题。本文综合了前人近几十年来的研究成果,首先从危险性、易损性以及风险3个方面出发,对国内外的滑坡涌浪风险研究现状和常用的研究方法进行了概述,并对重点代表性研究成果进行了述评分析,针对滑坡涌浪风险研究方面的新进展进行了介绍,包括考虑实际河道地形复杂性的试验研究、聚焦于滑坡-水体相互作用机制的多种数值模拟方法耦合研究,以及基于多种承灾体类型的易损性评价体系等。然后对近年来三峡库区发生过的多起滑坡涌浪风险管控实例的过程与后果进行了详细的阐述。最后基于多年的研究经验提出了滑坡涌浪灾害链风险研究的新方向和新思路,即涌浪风险应与滑坡风险评价体系相互融合,并沿着定量化、规范化、精细化的方向发展。 相似文献
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An investigation of the properties of low-frequency internal waves in the northeastern China Seas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A simple and practical method for separating low-frequency internal waves from low-frequency barotropic waves was employed
to analyze the observation data. Analysis of some data gathered in the northestern China Seas revealed strong semidiurnal
internal tides and near-inertial internal waves at the stations in the East China Sea and near-inertial waves but no semidiurnal
internal tides at the station in the centre of the Yellow Sea. The geographic properties of low-frequency internal waves in
the region are discussed primarily on the basis of the mechanism of internal tide generation on the continental shelfbreak,
and the mechanisms of local generation and global generation.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
20.
Rossby waves with linear topography in barotropic fluids 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rossby waves are the most important waves in the atmosphere and ocean, and are parts of a large-scale system in fluid. The theory and observation show that, they satisfy quasi-geostrophic and quasi-static equilibrium approximations. In this paper, solitary Rossby waves induced by linear topography in barotropic fluids with a shear flow are studied. In order to simplify the problem, the topography is taken as a linear function of latitude variable y, then employing a weakly nonlinear method and a perturbation method, a KdV （Korteweg-de Vries） equation describing evolution of the amplitude of solitary Rossby waves induced by linear topography is derived. The results show that the variation of linear topography can induce the solitary Rossby waves in barotropic fluids with a shear flow, and extend the classical geophysical theory of fluid dynamics. 相似文献