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To clarify the changes in slope stability of loess slopes under the coupling action of rainfall and vehicle loads. Experiments with different water contents under different environmental conditions were carried out indoors, and the relationship function between water content and shear strength parameters was obtained; Secondly, based on Geostudio, an equivalent layered calculation model of water content-strength parameters of loess slope was established, the variation law of soil sample matrix suction with volumetric water content was measured by volumetric pressure plate tester. Finally, by using a combination of finite element analysis of saturated/unsaturated seepage and limit equilibrium analysis of slope stability, the SLOPE/W module in the modeling software GeoStudio is used to calculate and analyze the effects of vehicle loads, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, and other working conditions on the stability of loess slopes, respectively. The results show that when the lane is in the middle of the slope, the vehicle load parameters have little effect on the uphill stability, but have a greater impact on the downhill; With the increase in rainfall, the change curves of the slope safety coefficient gradually overlap when the vehicle loads are four-axis,five-axis, and six-axis. This shows that when studying the change of slope safety factor under the dual influence of vehicle loads and rainfall, rainfall is the main cause of slope stability; The change rate of slope safety factor increases gradually with the increase of rainfall, and the change trends of the upper, lower and overall parts of the slope are similar. 相似文献
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为实现震后路基边坡的快速修复,提出基于树根桩加固的震后公路路基边坡综合修复技术。根据路基震害及地质环境对路基边坡的影响分析因素,采用树根桩技术及气泡轻质填土技术修复路基边坡;利用三维有限差分法模拟树桩加固气泡轻质填土修复后路基边坡得到参数值,再结合强度折减法计算得到的路基边坡稳定系数,最后得到优化树根桩的设计参数,以实现震后路基边坡综合修复。以上方法通过仿真模拟实验,得到最优的树根桩排距为2.5 dm。 相似文献
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下蜀土边坡地震稳定性的大型振动台试验研究（Ⅱ）——试验结果及分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用天然下蜀土,设计并完成了一几何相似常数为20、坡高为0.5 m、坡角为45°的模型边坡1 g大型振动台试验,通过对模型边坡动力特性、动力反应及宏观变形等三方面的研究,揭示了下蜀土边坡的地震反应机理。试验结果表明,下蜀土边坡有着稳定的一、二阶自振频率和阻尼比,随着地震动加载幅值（PGA）逐渐增大,其一阶自振频率逐渐减小,一阶阻尼比逐渐增大;坡高范围内,PGA放大系数均大于1,且自下而上逐渐增大,并在坡肩处达到最大,其在坡脚处的值小于水平方向其他位置处的值,输入El Centro波（经时间相似常数4.47压缩）时的值分别大于输入El Centro原波和Kobe波（经时间相似常数4.47压缩）时的值;随着输入PGA的增大,土体非线性特征逐渐增强,边坡也逐渐趋于失稳破坏状态;震后模型边坡坡脚、坡顶等部位出现了不同程度的裂缝,说明边坡中出现了通过坡脚的（潜在）滑动面。 相似文献
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运用有限差分软件FLAC3D,建立了某一黄土边坡三维模型,首先对其在地震作用下的动力响应规律进行了总结,然后探讨了地震动参数对黄土边坡动力响应的影响。结果表明：黄土边坡对地震波存在垂直放大和临空面放大作用;当输入地震波振幅或频率增加时,坡面监测点加速度放大系数随坡高增加呈＂增加→衰减→增加＂的三段形态;速度放大系数随坡高的增大而增大,并在坡顶达到最大值;位移放大系数随振幅和频率的增加而增加;地震持时对加速度、速度峰值的影响不大,但坡体位移随持时的增加而显著增加。强震作用下的最大剪应变增量区域的位置和形状表明,黄土边坡的破坏模式仍是沿着某一弧形潜在滑动面失稳破坏。研究结果有助于进一步揭示黄土边坡在地震作用下的失稳机制,为黄土地区边坡抗震设计与防灾减灾提供参考。 相似文献
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基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论,综合考虑降雨入渗引起土体重量增加、渗透力增大以及抗剪强度降低等因素的影响,建立降雨条件下震后高边坡有限元模型,运用自编计算程序USLOPE-FEM进行稳定性分析。研究结果表明:未降雨之前,坡体塑性应变主要集中分布于松散堆积体下部与基岩分界面,边坡已经接近临界平衡状态;降雨量20mm/h时连续入渗使边坡上部土层含水量增加,负压区消失且出现饱和区;随着降雨时间延长,坡体表层暂态饱和区逐渐向内部推移,土体的重量和渗透力显著增大、抗剪强度明显降低,坡体中剪应力整体增大,塑性应变区向坡顶扩展而逐渐贯通;连续降雨6h后,临空面表层出现局部滑塌,连续降雨36h后整个堆积层将沿基岩滑塌逐步堵江。研究成果可为强降雨条件下边坡安全性评价提供参考,也为该边坡的失稳预警与滑坡防治积累资料。 相似文献
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面波测试在汶川强震区土体损伤调查中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
汶川地震后,确定地震对岩土体扰动的范围和损伤程度,是预测震后次生山地灾害演化趋势,以及制定道路修复加固工程对策的重要依据。面波勘察是通过获取剪切波速变化情况,推断土体扰动范围的快捷手段。本文在位于汶川地震强震区的213国道都汶段内的2个边坡工点和3个路堤工点,布设6个测段进行了高精度面波浅层地震勘查。结果表明：①9度和10度地震烈度区土体扰动的深度无明显差别;②在汶川地震强震区,人工填筑的路堤工程所造成的强扰动区深度不小于5 m,自然土体造成的强扰动区深度为0-5 m;③路堤工程表面填、挖交界处的损伤明显。上述结论可供灾后道路修复工程设计中确定边坡加固深度和路堤翻挖深度时参考。 相似文献
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地震作用下黄土边坡的动力响应特征与变形失稳机制是具有重要理论与实践意义的课题,但从动力响应频谱特性方面开展的研究还相对较少.以大型振动台模型试验获得的黄土边坡地震动峰值加速度数据为基础,通过分析其变化规律,着重从频谱特性的角度分析,讨论黄土边坡的动力失稳机制.进一步通过对坡面不同高程测点、边坡内部垂直方向以及水平方向上测点的加速度时程进行绝对加速度反应谱分析,从频谱变化角度提出黄土边坡的动力失稳机制.研究表明,黄土边坡在地震动作用下的响应过程可以分为三个阶段:弹性阶段、塑性阶段与破坏阶段;黄土边坡进入破坏阶段时均会伴随反应谱峰值的增幅或者主周期的变化,在弹性阶段反应谱加速度峰值增幅与输入地震动幅值增幅一致,进入塑性阶段后反应谱峰值增幅比输入地震动幅值增幅小;研究提出将反应谱首峰的凸显情况作为坡体破坏程度的判断依据之一. 相似文献
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Hongwu Zhang Guangquan Liu Chensu Zhao Luohao Zhang Qiang Zhang Heng Fu Shuai Cao 《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(1):24-32
A typical gully sub-basin with a complex geomorphological form is used to do a model test of gravity erosion of loess by considering the sequence of slopes in a prototype gully creating a sequence of underlying surface forms in the upper reaches. The results show that the runoff from heavy rainfall is the main external force for the erosion of loess, and also is an important influencing factor to stimulate and intensify the development of gravity erosion. The soil structure and the height of the... 相似文献
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基于FLAC3D数值模拟方法,建立不同类型的黄土场地计算模型,研究地震动强度和频率对不同类型黄土场地的动力响应特征和变形规律,分析不同类型黄土场地地震动响应的差异性,揭示不同类型黄土场地诱发的地震灾害,结合理论分析验证数值模拟结果的可靠性。研究表明:黄土-泥岩接触型二元结构斜坡极易发生滑动破坏引起斜坡失稳,并且在坡肩位置引起较为明显的动力响应,加速度放大系数是坡顶的2倍左右,是一元结构黄土斜坡相同部位加速度放大系数的1.5倍左右; 黄土斜坡临空面的存在会引起土体沿坡面发生一定范围的滑动和堆积,黄土塬内较塬边更为稳定,不易发生损伤破坏; 低频地震波对平坦场地的地震响应影响明显,随着高程的增加,频带宽度增加,傅里叶谱幅值增加,坡肩处的幅值是坡脚的2倍左右; 黄土斜坡场地易诱发大面积的滑坡灾害,黄土塬场地在剪切力和压张破坏条件下易诱发局部震陷灾害。 相似文献
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由削坡建房遗留的人工边坡存在大量滑坡隐患问题,在降雨引发土质边坡自身动力变化分析条件下,以稳定性评价建模为基础,提出降雨型滑坡动力学预警预报模型。文中以广东省梅州市花岗岩地区为例,使用GIS技术构建了1 727个预警分析单元,并进行关键地质环境因子赋值及与气象站点数据关联;按坡高、坡度等参数,分别构建16个边坡失稳动力学预警模块,并根据降雨量变化,计算边坡稳定性系数,最终按其阈值确定风险等级并予以预警。本研究对于推动人工边坡诱发的滑坡地质灾害预警预报与预防均具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Effects of rainfall and slope on runoff,soil erosion and rill development: an experimental study using two loess soils 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3 
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下载免费PDF全文 Runoff generation and soil loss from slopes have been studied for decades, but the relationships among runoff, soil loss and rill development are still not well understood. In this paper, rainfall simulation experiments were conducted in two neighbouring plots (scale: 1 m by 5 m) with four varying slopes (17.6%, 26.8%, 36.4% and 46.6%) and two rainfall intensities (90 and 120 mm h?1) using two loess soils. Data on rill development were extracted from the digital elevation models by means of photogrammetry. The effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on runoff, soil loss and rill development were different for the two soils. The runoff and soil loss from the Anthrosol surface were generally higher than those from the Calcaric Cambisol surface. Higher rainfall intensity produced less runoff and more sediment for almost each treatment. With increasing slope gradient, the values of cumulative runoff and soil loss peaked, except for the treatments with 90 mm h?1 rainfall on the slopes with Anthrosol. With rainfall duration, runoff discharge decreased for Anthrosol and increased for Calcaric Cambisol for almost all the treatments. For both soils, sediment concentration was very high at the onset of rainfall and decreased quickly. Almost all the sediment concentrations increased on the 17.6% and 26.8% slopes and peaked on the 36.4% and 46.6% slopes. Sediment concentrations were higher on the Anthrosol slopes than on the Calcaric Cambisol slopes. At 90 mm h?1 rainfall intensity, increasingly denser rills appeared on the Anthrosol slope as the slope gradient increased, while only steep slopes (36.4% and 46.6%) developed rills for the Calcaric Cambisol soil. The contributions of rill erosion ranged from 36% to 62% of the cumulative soil losses for Anthrosol, while the maximum contribution of rill erosion to the cumulative soil loss was only 37.9% for Calcaric Cambisol. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于极限分析上限法的原理,结合随时间变化的拟动力法,考虑地震、水力和坡顶超载作用下建立含张拉裂缝的顺层岩质边坡极限分析模型,并推导出边坡安全系数的表达式。结构面采用合理的水压力分布形式,且强度参数采用非等比例折减,分析边坡前缘是否堵塞,水平和竖向地震系数、张裂缝积水深度和坡顶超载对边坡安全系数的影响。分析表明:边坡前缘堵塞、水平地震系数、张裂缝积水深度和坡顶超载的增加,降低边坡的稳定性;竖向地震系数的增加提高了边坡的稳定性。随着非等比例折减相关系数的增加,边坡稳定性显著提高。因此结构面参数的变化规律需要得到关注。 相似文献
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Geotechnical evaluation of slope and ground failures during the 8 October 2005 Muzaffarabad earthquake, Pakistan 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A large devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.6 struck in Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. The largest city influenced by the
earthquake was Muzaffarabad. Balakot town was the nearest settlement to the epicenter, and it was the most heavily damaged.
The earthquake caused extensive damage to housing and structures founded on loose deposits or weathered/sheared rock masses.
Furthermore, extensive slope failures occurred along Neelum and Jhelum valleys, which obstructed both river flow and roadways.
In this article, failures of natural and cut slopes as well as other ground failures induced by the earthquake and their geotechnical
evaluation are presented, and their implications on civil infrastructures and site selection for reconstruction and rehabilitation
are discussed. It is suggested that if housing and constructions on soil slopes containing boulders as observed in Balakot
and Muzaffarabad are allowed, there should be a safety zone between the slope crest and allowable construction boundary. 相似文献
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基于颗粒流理论研究土质边坡动力稳定性及其滑动过程是近年来滑坡研究的一个新热点。在野外调查和室内试验的基础上,通过标定土体细观参数、模型建立、动力输入、动态监测等过程,利用PFC2D程序模拟了西吉县兴平乡堡湾村下马达子滑坡的失稳破坏运动过程,得到了该滑坡的破坏运动机理。得到如下结论:① 下马达子滑坡的失稳机制是在地震作用下斜坡前缘牵引、后缘推挤,使得坡肩受拉发生破坏,失稳后坡肩位置较大的速度和位移是地震滑坡破坏力强、致灾范围大的主要原因;② 黄土地震滑坡的滑坡后壁相对平缓,这是区别于重力滑坡的重要特征之一;③ 颗粒流模拟得到的滑坡前后相对高差和长度与实际情况较为吻合,因此,颗粒流方法可以用于地震滑坡滑距的预测。 相似文献
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南海北部陆坡稳定性定量分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着海洋工程的发展,海底滑坡作为一种潜在的地质灾害逐渐成为人们关注的热点.本文采用二维极限平衡法计算并分析了海底斜坡稳定性问题.通过对斜坡模型在各种条件下安全系数的计算,定量分析了斜坡内在因素(如斜坡角度、主要土力学参数)和主要触发机制(地震、快速堆积等)对安全系数的影响.理论计算表明,静态条件下,均质斜坡角度小于20°时,均处于稳定状态;对于含软弱层的斜坡,快速堆积等引起的不排水状态下斜坡安全系数明显降低,斜坡角度大于14°时就会发生失稳.拟静态条件下,当地震动峰值加速度(PGA)小于0.15g时,对于角度小于20°的均质斜坡处于稳定状态,但PGA大于0.25g时,角度大于13°的斜坡即处于失稳状态;对于含软弱层斜坡,PGA为0.1g时,角度大于10°的斜坡即处于不稳定状态;当PGA大于0.3g时,3°以上的海底斜坡即处于失稳状态,发生海底滑坡.结合南海北部陆坡海底地形、地貌特征,在静态条件下,均处于稳定状态;但在地震加载的拟静态下,根据南海北部地震动峰值加速度分布,台湾浅滩段则处于不稳定状态.这解释了该区域大陆坡折带处海底滑坡广泛发育的原因,也表明了地震是引发南海北部滑坡最主要的触发机制之一. 相似文献
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Rainfall-induced landslides are a common occurrence in terrain with steep topography and soils that have degradable strength. Rainfall infiltration into a partially saturated slope of infinite extent can lead to either a decrease or complete elimination of soil suction, compromising the slopes' stability. In this research the rainfall infiltration coupled with deformation of a partially saturated soil slope during rainfall infiltration is analyzed. The limit equilibrium conditions and the shear strength relationship of a partially saturated soil are employed to develop an analytical solution for calculating the stability of an infinite partially saturated slope due to rainfall infiltration. The analytical solutions are able to consider the influence of the coupled effects on the stability of the slope. The factors that affect the safety of a partially saturated slope of infinite extent are discussed. The results indicate that the poro-mechanical coupling of water infiltration and deformation has an important effect on the stability of the infinite unsaturated slope. 相似文献
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天水市秦安县王家墩滑坡为宝兰客专沿线巨型古滑坡群,宝兰客运专线秦安隧道穿其而过。以王家墩滑坡为研究对象,围绕工程中静、动力抗滑稳定性问题,通过室内试验、现场调查对影响王家墩古滑坡稳定性的地质构造、场地工程条件等内在因素进行分析评价,在此基础上通过有限元动力分析,对王家墩古滑坡在地震载荷下的动力响应进行分析,明确地震荷载作用下,王家墩古滑坡失稳影响因素、地震荷载与滑坡失稳破坏间的关系。采用动力有限元法和强度折减法相结合的方法,开展动力抗滑稳定性分析方法研究;采用位移突变的方法来确定边坡动力失稳及动力安全系数,分析结果表明：地震作用时的水平推力对王家墩古滑坡的稳定性有很大影响,表现为上部坡体的整体滑移和隧道入口段黄土堆积层局部失稳滑塌;在天然状态下坡体处于稳定状态,在遭遇未来该区域中强地震作用时,该斜坡会发生失稳,黄土斜坡的整体滑动最容易出现在第三阶坡体,沿着塑性应变最大的滑移面整体滑移;给出了坡体动力稳定性安全系数Fs=0.92。 相似文献