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1.
Migration‐as‐development repackaged? The globalizing imperative of the Singaporean state's diaspora strategies 
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下载免费PDF全文 Diaspora strategizing is becoming an important field of public policy in countries that seek to advance development through migration. Diaspora strategies present a way of complicating interpretations of development, as countries that represent different levels of development seek to mobilize diaspora networks nonetheless. While Singapore's diaspora strategies prioritize diaspora knowledge networks, it bears the stamp of the country's colonial history, postcolonial priorities and developmental state apparatus. We suggest that these factors result in a distinctive diaspora strategy characterized by a centralized and technocratic approach more similar to diaspora strategies found in emerging economies. Earlier research on diaspora strategies has been concerned with assessing successes or failures, but a more critical scholarship that questions the logics and outcomes of diaspora strategizing is emerging. We bring the Singaporean case into dialogue with four such critiques: first, the intellectual foundations of diaspora‐centred development; second, the hyperextension of state infrastructure for emigration and stakeholder alignment; third, the selective mobilization of the idea of diaspora; and fourth, the evidence base upon which diaspora‐centred development is predicated. Our goal is to further critical interrogation into the logics, efficacy and sustainability of diaspora strategizing. We situate our analyses in the international literature on diaspora knowledge mobilization. 相似文献
2.
离散旅游经常被认为是一种“回家”的形式，而随着交通与通信技术的发展，旅游活动变得愈发便捷，也愈发国际化，这些背井离乡、散居他国的群体回到故乡的旅游体验更为复杂和多样化。这个趋势使得离散研究开始在地理学和旅游学的领域迅速发展，离散群体的旅游行为成为学术界一个新的焦点，也同样逐渐得到旅游市场的重视。文章在对近20年的相关文献和已有实证研究基础上，从离散研究范式的演变入手，梳理了离散旅游的研究进展并归纳其研究视角：地方依恋为内在心理驱动，跨国主义为外在地理特征。结合其他学者研究，从离散旅游活动的空间性和旅游活动的参与者角度对离散旅游进行了界定与分类。重点分析了离散旅游的时空特征、离散群体的旅游体验以及这一细分市场对祖国旅游市场的影响。最后将离散旅游的概念引入中国，指出现有华侨旅游研究的不足，有针对性地构建了符合我国实际的研究框架，阐明我国发展华人华侨离散旅游研究的意义和重点。 相似文献
3.
Diaspora strategies in the sending states of Southeast Asia: Rights,skills and questions of value 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Maureen Hickey 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(2):147-163
Over the past decade there has been a surge of academic and policy interest in the contributions of transnational migrants in furthering national development objectives in their ‘home’ countries. These approaches tend to be bifurcated into two distinct categories: (1) ‘diaspora strategies’ that target the participation in national development objectives of sought‐after elite, high‐skilled migrants and (2) migration‐as‐development strategies, which focus on facilitating and channeling the economic and social remittances of nonelite, low‐skilled migrants. Although these broad categorizations have never been entirely adequate in capturing the complexity of international migration flows, a conceptual division between them persists, with very real consequences for state policies in migrant‐sending countries in Southeast Asia. This paper explores the separation between diaspora strategies and migration‐as‐development frameworks through a focus on rights and skills, and questions of relative labour value. I argue that while diaspora strategies and migration‐as‐development frameworks cannot simply be merged, the academic separation between them should be challenged and more in‐depth theoretical engagement should be encouraged. I further suggest that migration policy makers should strive to evaluate their migration policies to address the increasing complexities of contemporary migration. 相似文献
4.
State‐led talent return migration programme and the doubly neglected ‘Malaysian diaspora’: Whose diaspora,what citizenship,whose development? 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Sin Yee Koh 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(2):183-200
This paper questions the assumptions of ‘diaspora’, ‘citizenship’ and ‘development’ underlying diaspora strategies targeting a specific pool of overseas Malaysian ‘talent’ migrants. I examine the Malaysian state's discursive attempts to construct a carefully contained economic ‘diaspora'—the ‘Malaysian diaspora'—through its talent return migration programme. In this process, there is a portion of the ‘Malaysian diaspora’, especially non‐bumiputeras (sons of soil), who are doubly neglected and excluded: first, from access to full and equal citizenship (which arguably contributed to their emigration in the first place); and second, from eligibility and recognition to participate in Malaysia's talent return migration programme. However, recent political activism calling for electoral reform and overseas voting rights challenges state‐constructed visions of the ‘diaspora’ and their expected roles in advancing ‘development’. This paper concludes by highlighting questions raised by the Malaysian case, linking these explicitly to how diaspora strategies—as they have been conceived, practised and contested—challenge the broader Migration and Development paradigm. 相似文献
5.
Yvonne Te Ruki-Rangi-o-Tangaroa Underhill-Sem 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2020,41(3):314-328
Throughout the contemporary Pacific, relationships that indigeneity makes possible are emerging as celebrated resistance to post-colonial development anxieties. In the process, lived experience heightens the commitment to decolonize thinking, language and practice in teaching and research. Not only because these imperatives are highly personalized but also because they are gendered and heavy with generational trauma. These gendered dynamics circulate around popular culture and imaginaries of Pacific paradise but also problematically around the challenges of long-standing intolerances especially around gender and race. The paper asks how a gendered politics of positionality engages with emerging positionalities that uncritically allow for such intolerances. I touch on two ways in which colonial continuities of belittlement are often reinforced, but are also offering hopeful and careful decolonial scholarly futures. The first is the naming of the Pacific and the second is supervising women doctoral candidates from the Pacific. In this paper, the audacity of the ocean offers a metaphorical opportunity to carefully reconcile these tensions and provide trajectories for decolonial knowledge-making. However, it also offers a material way of understanding the on-going work with ‘tensions’ and disruptions in their ever present but changeable forms. Oceanic tropes and a feminist Oceanic audacity of embodied engagement in the Pacific offer dynamic and gendered intellectual agility which runs counter to the tropical imageries of languid indifference.
black/is a state of mind like the colour of an island Teaiwa (2017) we sweat and cry salt water, so we know that the ocean is really in our blood Teaiwa (2008)相似文献
6.
The author uses Norf'k fishing ground names on Norfolk Island (South Pacific) to illustrate how toponyms can be exposed to geographic, anthropological, and linguistic scrutiny. The grammar of the names demonstrates how Norf'k, the language of the Pitcairn descendants, typifies an esoteric insider language because of its ecologically connected toponyms and pragmatic determinants. Norf'k fishing ground names vary in their linguistic form and hence in their geography and spatiality. The toponymic and linguistic landscape of Norfolk Island reveals several processes that are significant for understanding sea-based geographies and the intertwining of creole languages, other contact languages, and the environment. 相似文献
7.
九寨沟地方特质与旅游者地方依恋和环保行为倾向的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
引入地方特质作为外生变量,构建旅游者地方依恋与环保行为倾向的结构模型,运用验证性因子分析与结构方程模型方法,以世界自然遗产地九寨沟为对象,探讨了自然观光地地方特质与旅游者地方依恋和环保行为倾向的内在关系。结果表明：① 地方依恋的不同维度对不同类型的环保行为倾向的影响存在显著差异;② 地方特质对旅游者地方依恋具有显著的正向影响,表明九寨沟地方特质是旅游者地方依恋构建的重要因素;③ 地方特质通过地方依恋对旅游者环保行为倾向产生显著的间接影响,是解释九寨沟旅游者环保行为倾向的有效因子,也是旅游者地方依恋与环境行为倾向关系中重要的影响因素;④ 九寨沟地方特质不同维度的影响程度存在差异,显著的地方特质（自然环境属性）具有更明显的影响效应。 相似文献
8.
基于“亲缘网络”这一农村基本人际关系要素,探讨家人亲戚构成的亲缘关系网对农民旅游创业意愿的影响,分析感知创业风险、创业警觉在上述影响中所起的中介效应。基于浙江浦江240户农户样本的实证结果表明：① 亲缘网络三维度（网络结构、网络关系、网络认知）对农民旅游创业意愿均具有显著正向影响;② 感知创业风险在亲缘网络关系、网络认知与农民创业意愿间起到部分中介作用;③ 创业警觉在亲缘网络关系与农民创业意愿之间起到部分中介作用,在亲缘网络认知与农民创业意愿之间起到完全中介作用。结果表明,利用好亲缘关系要素有助于更好地激发农民自主创业,推动乡村旅游内涵式发展。 相似文献
9.
The geopolitics of diaspora 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sean Carter 《Area》2005,37(1):54-63
In recent years there has been a growing body of work dealing with issues of diaspora and hybridity, both within geography and in other disciplines, such as cultural studies. This work tends to celebrate the potential of the hybrid and diasporic to transcend essentialist notions of identity and subjectivity. In this paper I argue that these approaches often fail to pay sufficient attention to two particular aspects of the diaspora experience: firstly, the geographical specificities of particular diasporas, and secondly, the ways in which essentialist modes of being are often reproduced within diasporic discourse. This is done by providing an overview of recent research into the Croatian diaspora in the United States (particularly their involvement in the Balkan conflicts of the 1990s), which begins to develop the notion of the geopolitics of diaspora. 相似文献
10.
Richard Bedford Charlotte Bedford Janet Wall Margaret Young 《The Australian geographer》2017,48(1):37-57
ABSTRACTCircular migration was one of several enduring themes in Graeme Hugo’s highly productive research career. Although his specialist field was Asian population movement, during the 2000s he became increasingly interested in labour migration in the Pacific Islands. This paper reviews the development of two managed circular migration schemes targeting Pacific labour that emerged following the UN High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development in 2006. New Zealand’s Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme and Australia’s Seasonal Worker Program (SWP) have attracted international attention as the kind of ‘best practice’ temporary labour migration schemes that Hugo had in mind when he emphasised the positive contributions that circular forms of mobility could make to development in both source and destination countries. The two schemes have transformed mobility between the participating countries and have played a major role in the negotiations over a free-trade agreement between Pacific Forum countries, including Australia and New Zealand. Although the schemes have been in operation for almost 10 years, this paper argues that they are not becoming ‘business as usual’; they embody complex systems of relationships between multiple stakeholders that require ongoing management to ensure that they do not become traps for low-skilled, low-paid ‘permanent’ temporary workers. 相似文献
11.
Material Geographies and Postcolonialism 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Cheryl McEwan 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2003,24(3):340-355
While postcolonial studies have inspired new ideas, a new language and a new theoretical inflection for a wide range of teaching and research in human geography, there have been few sustained discussions about what might constitute a postcolonial geography. This paper attempts to deal with this absence by exploring the possibilities of material geographies of postcolonialism. It suggests that geographers are particularly well placed to respond to criticisms of postcolonialism as remaining overwhelmingly textual, cultural and/or historical in focus by contributing towards a productive engagement between postcolonialism and the material realities of global inequalities, and towards a revivified political and ethical project. It explores how particular tactics might inform postcolonial methodologies within geography and makes some tentative suggestions on what a postcolonial political praxis might look like. 相似文献
12.
新型城镇化背景下流动特征与农民工回流意愿的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用2016年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据，借助描述性分析和多分类Logistic回归模型分析方法，探讨新型城镇化背景下农民工回流意愿的现状与特点、流动特征与回流意愿的关系。研究发现，农民工的回流意愿很弱，有回流意愿并打算近期回流的农民工比例较低，回流地域以原居地为主、户籍地的乡镇和区县政府所在地为辅。模型结果显示，流动特征显著影响农民工的回流意愿：跨省流动者“打算回流”的概率大于省内流动者；流动时间短和非举家流动者“打算回流”“近期回流”“回原居地”的概率分别大于流动时间长和举家流动者；有留守子女者“打算回流”“近期回流”的概率大于没有留守子女者。最后，建议政府实施以“异地市民化”为主、“回流式市民化”为辅的市民化策略；继续深化制度改革，为农民工流动扫清制度壁垒和提供均等化公共服务；促进中西部和东北部地区的经济社会发展，出台鼓励农民工回乡创业和就业的优惠政策等方式来推进以农民工市民化为重点的新型城镇化发展。 相似文献
13.
Regulating migration to Australia and back to the Philippines: Applying a ‘diaspora strategies’ framework 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Justin Peñafiel 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(2):201-214
This paper examines circular labour migration between Australia and the Philippines by bringing Australian immigration policies and Philippine diaspora strategies under the same analytical framework. An extensive Philippine bureaucracy regulates migrants at each stage of the circular migration cycle, and as a sending state it has an interest in migrants staying temporarily in host countries such as Australia. The requirement to return home at the end of an overseas work contract compels migrants to remain attached to the sending state, their homeland, and return subsequently. However, Australia is allowing a route for temporary migrants to apply for permanent residency while in the host country. This has implications for sending states that rely on migrant ties to the homeland. The paper argues that analysing the intersections between the themes of migration, development and diaspora strategies reveals the multiple meanings of temporariness during migration and in migration studies. It questions whether associating temporariness with precariousness and marginalization is an accurate representation of the complex conditions underpinning circular labour migration. 相似文献
14.
Chanelle Wheeler-Jones Monica Seini Georgette Leah Burns 《The Australian geographer》2015,46(2):165-181
Recent neo-liberal policy frameworks in Australia advocate economic development opportunities for Aboriginal Australians as a viable strategy to redress the marginalisation and social disadvantage that appear to characterise many Aboriginal communities. In New South Wales (NSW), Aboriginal peoples are currently negotiating with industry for the chance to participate in coal seam gas (CSG) development opportunities. Based upon research focusing on CSG development in the Northern NSW region, this paper argues that certain constructions of Aboriginality inhibit successful Aboriginal engagement with the economic opportunities provided by CSG. This paper illuminates the role of the media in facilitating dominant discourse about Aboriginality and the implications of those constructions for Aboriginal engagement with the mainstream economy. Findings demonstrate that the media are complicit in constructing Aboriginal peoples in a way that could prejudice their attempts to engage in economic opportunities that do not align with the dominant constructions of Aboriginality. 相似文献
15.
《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2004,25(2):232-245
Books reviewed in this article:
Transcending Boundaries: Labour Migration of Women from Bangladesh. Tasneem Siddiqui
The Geopolitics of South Asia: From Early Empires to the Nuclear Age. Graham P. Chapman
AIDS in the Twenty-First Century: Disease and Globalisation. Tony Barnett & Alan Whiteside
Empire's New Clothes: Unveiling EU Enlargement. József Böröcz & Melinda Kovács (eds.)
Diaspora and Identity: The Sociology of Culture in Southeast Asia. John Clammer, Subang Jaya
Rethinking Environmental Management in the Pacific Rim: Exploring Local Participation in Bangkok, Thailand. Amrita Daniere & Lois M. Takahashi 相似文献
Transcending Boundaries: Labour Migration of Women from Bangladesh. Tasneem Siddiqui
The Geopolitics of South Asia: From Early Empires to the Nuclear Age. Graham P. Chapman
AIDS in the Twenty-First Century: Disease and Globalisation. Tony Barnett & Alan Whiteside
Empire's New Clothes: Unveiling EU Enlargement. József Böröcz & Melinda Kovács (eds.)
Diaspora and Identity: The Sociology of Culture in Southeast Asia. John Clammer, Subang Jaya
Rethinking Environmental Management in the Pacific Rim: Exploring Local Participation in Bangkok, Thailand. Amrita Daniere & Lois M. Takahashi 相似文献
16.
中国城市“新移民”社会网络与空间分异 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：17
伴随日益加速推进的中国城市化进程,新生代农民工问题备受关注。通过对广州8个城中村的问卷调查与实证研究,本文对中国城市新移民的社会网络进行研究,分析移民聚居区与其社会网络的关系。研究表明,新移民的社会网络表现为成分多样化、关系现代化和空间分散化等3大特征;新移民积极利用聚居区外的社会关系寻求发展机会;移民聚居区的分异度正逐步降低,中国城市内部二元分异的空间格局正逐渐被打破。但是,移民与城市居民的社会隔阂并未完全扭转,新移民并没有融入到本地社区,基于地缘、血缘的"差序格局"仍是他们界定网络成员身份的重要准则。此外,迁移历史和社会经济地位是影响移民社会空间重构的主导因素。未来中国城市新移民的社会空间融合将表现为一个渐进而持续的历史过程。 相似文献
17.
This paper is positioned within current debates on education development and the value of fieldwork as a pathway to fostering a nuanced, sophisticated and empathetic world view among students. Here, we focus on one form of field‐based teaching within geography, that is, intensive field studies courses taught abroad. We draw on our experience as cofacilitators of a six‐week intensive field course conducted in various parts of Thailand. The course we discuss in this paper was focused on teaching students both applied research skills (critical engagement, ethnographic research methods and ethical research practice) and substantive content (the social, cultural, political and economic aspects of Thailand from a geographer's perspective). We argue that the value of field studies lies in the ability of such a course to help students enhance and deepen broad, generalisable skills such as problem solving; ethical research practice; critical engagement with complex social issues; and independent research skills. 相似文献
18.
技术关联性、复杂性与区域多样化——来自中国地级市的证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
忽视现实基础,盲目追求新兴产业的现象普遍存在于当前中国的一些城市。基于国家知识产权局的专利数据,描绘1987—2016年中国地级市技术关联性和复杂性的时空演化特征,探讨两者对区域技术进入和增长的影响。结果表明：① 新技术的本地关联度越高,就越有可能进入该地区;现有技术的本地关联度越低,就越容易退出该地区;② 中国城市的技术发展总体上呈现路径依赖特点。其中,东部地区的技术关联性和复杂性变化较大,中西部地区变化较小;③ 技术关联性对新技术的进入和增长起到显著的促进作用。在引入复杂性较高的技术时,只有存在较高关联性才会促进区域的技术进步。最后提出的区域多样化发展框架,可为决策者权衡选择技术发展道路提供参考。 相似文献
19.
Local Exchange Trading Schemes (LETS) are widely promoted as a new tool for local economic development, but until recently the focus has been on their alleged 'potential' rather than the realities of their operation. This paper assesses the practical economic role of LETS by examining the amount of trading conducted, and demonstrates that both the volume of trading and the value of the trades are very low. Drawing on an intensive case study of the first UK LETS created explicitly as part of a local authority's anti–poverty strategy, explanations for the low levels of participation are suggested, and significant structural constraints on the development of LETS are identified. 相似文献
20.
北极地区具有超过4 000亿桶油当量的待发现技术可采储量, 是未来全球油气勘探与开发的重要增长点。本文按照地理和地质构造因素将北极地区分为北冰洋海盆区和环北极含油气区（含潜在含油气盆地）,按照板块演化及盆地发育历史将后者划分为北太平洋极地盆地群、俄罗斯极地盆地群和欧洲极地盆地群。根据大量文献和IHS数据, 结合生油层、储层、盖层及圈闭特征方面的研究, 系统对比、分析北极地区石油、天然气分布特征:北太平洋极地盆地群重要烃源岩形成于侏罗纪和白垩纪, 盆地群中重要储层大部分都分布于新生界布鲁克斯层, 油气系统以构造圈闭为主。俄罗斯极地盆地群中多数盆地具有古生代基底, 受斯堪的纳维亚早古生代造山期变形、西伯利亚板块古生代西部造山变形影响, 60%以上的烃源岩产自中生界, 储层以中生界前陆、克拉通盆地沉积物为主,盖层分布较广, 以中生界居多。欧洲极地盆地群受控于北大西洋洋脊的扩张和迁移, 各盆地烃源岩分布于中生界, 大部分储层分布于上白垩统—古新系, 自生自储、古生新储为该区域盆地的主要成藏模式。其中, 俄罗斯极地盆地油气储量最多, 占北极地区总储量45%以上且勘探潜力最大。 相似文献