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乔天荣 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(3):83-85
新一代三维GIS技术体系的数据模型升维、多源数据升维和IT技术体验升维,实现了从二维点、线、面升维到三维点、线、面、体,从二维网络升维到三维网络,从不规则三角网升维到不规则四面体网格,从栅格升维到体元栅格.形成了完整的二、三维一体化GIS技术体系,并且融合了多元的三维GIS数据和倾斜摄影、激光点云、BIM、三维场等新兴的三维数据,更方便地构建了三维GIS应用和进一步推动了三维GIS技术发展. 相似文献
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城市空间二维信息系统与三维虚拟场景一体化研究与应用——BDA城市三维信息系统的设计与实现 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用二维平面地图来表示多维世界,是人类认识世界改造世界发展史上产生的一次伟大的飞跃。现阶段二维地理信息系统和三维虚拟现实系统各自具有优缺点,将二者结合解决各自的不足之处,即可实现二维地理信息系统的宏观性、整体性和三维虚拟场景系统的现实性、直观性等的优势互补,克服二维地理信息系统的符号抽象性和三维虚拟现实漫游时的“迷失”。在北京经济技术开发区的城市三维信息系统建设中有效实现了二者的集成与应用。 相似文献
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随着地下空间应用的不断深入,二维信息不能准确表达管线之间的空间关系,三维空间信息系统更加适合地下空间数据的表达。本文主要论述了二维地下管线数据向地下管网三维场景的快速建立,以及在建立过程中出现的各种问题,经反复实验解决问题,最终实现了地下管网三维场景的快速构建、三维管线浏览、信息查询等功能。 相似文献
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利用Z+F三维激光扫描仪对石峁遗址进行三维数据采集,通过点云数据配准,制作遗址本体的二维成果;然后在Geomagic Studio 10.0软件中完成后期三维建模,实现石峁遗址的数字化反演;最后通过三维浏览软件实现遗址的三维展示。 相似文献
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空间信息可视化是二维地理信息系统（GIS）的主要功能之一,实现属性和图形互查询也是近年来地理信息专业人员研究开发的重点。以泰安市委党校为实例,在分析GIS相关理论和国内外二维、三维GIS研究基础上,基于Visual Studio NET2005平台及ArcGIS Engine组件库构建了数字党校可视化模块并实现了符号化配置功能。将党校餐厅及礼堂平面图添加到应用程序中运行演示。同时根据底图运用3DMAX软件进行三维场景建模,实现三维漫游。二维信息查询与三维场景相结合实现党校数字化建设。 相似文献
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室内定位导航电子地图是室内位置服务的基础,为地图使用者提供定位和导航路径信息。本文在分析室内地图数据特点的基础上,提出了三维与二维地图一体化表达与导航的策略,结合二维平面视图、三维透视图、三维网络数据集、路径分析等技术,实现了多层室内停车场的定位导航功能,是对室内地图表达的一次全新尝试。 相似文献
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三维点集的自动表面重构算法 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
提出了一种基于透视约束利用离散三维空间点重建三维表面模型的方法，该方法充分利用摄影测量以及激光扫描等三维测量技术中隐含的透视关系．将离散点划分到不同的投影面，在局部利用二维三角网构网技术构建三角网．然后在考虑局部三角网边缘一致性的基础上组合成整体三维表面模型。该方法可以利用近景摄影测量处理产生的三维景物点或激光扫描仪采集的三维空间点自动构造三维表面模型．重建物体三维表面。实验结果表明．该算法是有效的。 相似文献
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3D reconstruction of traffic signs is of great interest in many applications such as image-based localization and navigation. In order to reflect the reality, the reconstruction process should meet both accuracy and precision. In order to reach such a valid reconstruction from calibrated multi-view images, accurate and precise extraction of signs in every individual view is a must. This paper presents first an automatic pipeline for identifying and extracting the silhouette of signs in every individual image. Then, a multi-view constrained 3D reconstruction algorithm provides an optimum 3D silhouette for the detected signs. The first step called detection, tackles with a color-based segmentation to generate ROIs (Region of Interests) in image. The shape of every ROI is estimated by fitting an ellipse, a quadrilateral or a triangle to edge points. A ROI is rejected if none of the three shapes can be fitted sufficiently precisely. Thanks to the estimated shape the remained candidates ROIs are rectified to remove the perspective distortion and then matched with a set of reference signs using textural information. Poor matches are rejected and the types of remained ones are identified. The output of the detection algorithm is a set of identified road signs whose silhouette in image plane is represented by and ellipse, a quadrilateral or a triangle. The 3D reconstruction process is based on a hypothesis generation and verification. Hypotheses are generated by a stereo matching approach taking into account epipolar geometry and also the similarity of the categories. The hypotheses that are plausibly correspond to the same 3D road sign are identified and grouped during this process. Finally, all the hypotheses of the same group are merged to generate a unique 3D road sign by a multi-view algorithm integrating a priori knowledges about 3D shape of road signs as constraints. The algorithm is assessed on real and synthetic images and reached and average accuracy of 3.5cm for position and 4.5° for orientation. 相似文献
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基于高分辨率影像的城市三维建模 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍了利用倾斜摄影影像和垂直摄影影像相结合的三维城市重建方法，分析了利用有理多项式(RPC)恢复IKONOS立体影像的模型，在VirtuoZo上实现了基于有理多项式(RPC)恢复IKONOS立体影像的模型方法，并利用其快速影像匹配技术，实现了数字地面模型DEM和正射影像，实现了手动和半自动人工地物的采集，如房屋等三维几何坐标和结构的采集；自动获取了基于不同传感器所获得影像的建筑物表面纹理，从而实现了基于多种影像快速三雏城市建模。 相似文献
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无人机最优路径规划和精准数据采集是复杂城市场景三维重建的关键问题。优视摄影测量利用被摄对象的概略模型,结合密集采样的初始视点生成和采样点可重建性约束的视点优化技术,实现最小数据采集代价下的精确三维模型重建。本文首先研究了优视摄影测量的基本原理;然后利用优视摄影测量技术进行真实场景的无人机影像采集,并结合激光扫描点云进行空三精度分析和Mesh模型质量验证。试验结果表明,优视摄影测量显著提高了Mesh模型的重建质量;对于倾斜摄影难以观测的部分建筑物立面区域,精度提升达到3~5倍;与倾斜摄影相比,优视摄影测量能建立稳健影像连接,实现较高的绝对定位精度。 相似文献
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现有的室内三维模型重建中,通常将墙等承担空间分隔作用的室内导航元素看作一个整体,通过对墙的提取来实现房间子空间的分割.然而,一面墙的两个墙面形态上的差异会造成室内三维重建过程中房间细节的损失,并且引起门窗提取的困难.针对这一现象,提出了一种细化空间分隔的思想,通过将一面墙细化为两个墙面,利用区域生长算法获取墙面角点,从... 相似文献
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建筑物屋顶面点云分割结果的好坏对建筑物三维模型重建起着重要的作用。针对传统RANSAC算法建筑物屋顶面点云的分割问题,提出了一种基于局部约束的建筑物点云平面分割方法。利用点云局部曲面法向约束构建法向准则,利用半径约束的点云空间聚类的方法对共面屋顶面点云进行分解,从而抑制"伪屋顶面"的产生;利用局部抽样策略降低算法的迭代次数,减少运算量。实验表明该方法能够获得稳定可靠的建筑物屋顶点云分割结果,将有利于后续的建筑物三维模型重建。 相似文献
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Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and texture mapping of buildings or other man-made objects are key aspects for 3D city landscapes. An effective coarse-to-fine approach for 3D building model generation and texture mapping based on digital photogrammetric techniques is proposed. Three video image sequences, two oblique views of building walls and one vertical view of building roofs, acquired by a digital video camera mounted on a helicopter, are used as input images. Lidar data and a coarse two-dimensional (2D) digital vector map used for car navigation are also used as information sources. Automatic aerial triangulation (AAT) suitable for a high overlap image sequence is used to give initial values of camera parameters of each image. To obtain accurate image lines, the correspondence between outlines of the building and their line features in the image sequences is determined with a coarse-to-fine strategy. A hybrid point/line bundle adjustment is used to ensure the stability and accuracy of reconstruction. Reconstructed buildings with fine textures superimposed on a digital elevation model (DEM) and ortho-image are realistically visualised. Experimental results show that the proposed approach of 3D city model generation has a promising future in many applications. 相似文献
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An update on automatic 3D building reconstruction 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The development of tools for the generation of 3D city models started almost two decades ago. From the beginning, fully automatic reconstruction systems were envisioned to fulfil the need for efficient data collection. However, research on automatic city modelling is still a very active area. The paper will review a number of current approaches in order to comprehensively elaborate the state of the art of reconstruction methods and their respective principles. Originally, automatic city modelling only aimed at polyhedral building objects, which mainly reflects the respective roof shapes and building footprints. For this purpose, airborne images or laser scans are used. In addition to these developments, the paper will also review current approaches for the generation of more detailed facade geometries from terrestrial data collection. 相似文献
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结构光系统结合数码相机的小物体高质量纹理重建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对双鸟饕餮纹夔神鼍鼓等小文物或其他小型物体,提出了基于结构光扫描系统结合普通高分辨率单反数码相机的纹理重建方法。该方法具有自动化程度高、效率和质量高的特点,其中主要解决了单张高分辨率影像与物体几何模型的自动配准,以及配准后从多张影像生成无缝纹理模型的问题。实验证明了本文方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献