共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
东昆仑夏日哈木超大型岩浆镍钴硫化物矿床的工业价值，不仅取决于矿石中Co、Ni的含量，还取决于钴和镍关键金属的赋存状态和分布规律。笔者利用全自动矿物分析系统钻孔样品分析，确定Co和Ni在样品中有2种赋存状态：独立钴、镍矿物和含Co、Ni矿物。对钴、镍金属矿物进行原位主、微量元素分析发现，Co在钴、镍金属矿物中含量由高到低为：辉砷钴矿>砷镍矿、方硫铁镍矿、镍黄铁矿>红砷镍矿、磁铁矿>磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿；Ni在钴、镍金属矿物中含量由高到低为：砷镍矿、红砷镍矿>硫铋镍矿、方硫铁镍矿、镍黄铁矿>辉砷钴矿>磁铁矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿。选择钻孔中体积分数占比最高的磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿，进行原位核–边微量元素及面扫描分析发现，Co、 Ni在镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿单颗粒尺度上是均一分布的，两种矿物的Co/Ni值变化不大，表明矿物没有受到热液作用影响。然而，Ni在磁黄铁矿中分布不均一，并且矿物的Co/Ni值变化较大，表明磁黄铁矿对热液作用更为敏感。矿物原位主、微量元素分析结果显示，镍黄铁矿中的Co、Ni含量与镍、钴独立矿物接近，远超岩体中其他含钴、镍金属硫化物。因此，含Ni... 相似文献
2.
微波消解等离子体发射光谱和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法联合测定土壤中多元素 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
采用密闭式微波消解系统处理土壤样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法或石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤样品中铜、砷、铅、锌、钴、铬、锰、镍、钒9个元素。分别从消解液的选择、用酸量及样品消解量等方面进行消解条件的优化,确定了一个最适合土壤消解的前处理体系。各元素的检出限为0.16～2.52μg/g,回收率为95.2%～106.6%,精密度为2.03%～9.79%(n=7)。方法简单快速,效率高,劳动强度低,是进行土壤中多元素测定的高效方法。 相似文献
3.
ICP-MS测定蔬菜样品中重金属元素的两种微波消解前处理方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
微波消解法是处理生物样品的主要技术,但存在处理效率不高等问题还有待进一步研究。本文采用高压低通量(12位)和低压高通量(41位)微波消解法对蔬菜样品进行前处理,电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌,氢化物发生-冷原子荧光光谱法(HG-CAFS)测定汞。采用两种前处理方法消解标准物质GBW 10010(大米)和GBW 10014(圆白菜),ICP-MS的测定值与标准值基本吻合,全流程加标回收率为91.5%~103.8%;用于测定GBW 10010和GBW 10014,因GBW 10010中铬、铅、砷,GBW 10014中砷的含量较低,测定值与标准值的相对误差较大;其余元素的测定值与标准值基本相符,表明两种前处理方法均能满足分析要求。但在保证测定结果质量的前提下,低压高通量微波消解处理样品,试剂用量少,单次样品处理量大,更加适合大批量生物样品的前处理。 相似文献
4.
煤中砷的赋存状态 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
砷是煤中常见的有害微量元素,由于其丰度较低,定量研究其赋存状态一直很困难。近年来,采用逐级化学提取实验方法对煤中不同赋存状态的砷进行了定量研究,综合分析这些研究可得出以下结论：①煤中砷的赋存状态包括硫化物态砷、有机态砷、砷酸盐态砷、硅酸盐态砷、水溶态和可交换态砷。总体上,硫化物态砷＞有机态砷＞砷酸盐态砷＞硅酸盐态砷＞水溶态和可交换态砷,但在不同的煤样品中,也表现出较大的差异性。②一般而言,煤中大部分砷存在于含砷黄铁矿中,含砷黄铁矿中的砷含量与黄铁矿的成因或类型有关。煤中的砷酸盐态砷主要与铁氧化物和氢氧化物共生;硅酸盐态砷主要进入粘土矿物晶格。③在砷含量较低的煤样品中,有机态砷含量较高,其中在褐煤和低煤级烟煤中,可提取出与腐殖酸和富里酸结合的砷。当前还难以确认有机态砷的化学结构。④贵州特高砷煤中砷的赋存状态较为复杂,在某些样品中与氧结合的有机态砷为主要的赋存状态。 相似文献
5.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测水、污水、废水、底泥和土壤中微量元素 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
使用PerkinElmer公司Optima 7000DV电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪,对环境样品中常见的水(地表水、地下水、自来水)以及污水、废水、底泥、土壤中的微量元素进行分析,尤其针对含量较低的铅、砷、磷、铬、镉、硒、铊、铜、锌、镍、铁、锰等多种元素,方法灵敏度高,检出限低,分析快速准确。 相似文献
6.
对氢化物发生-原子荧光法同时测定水中砷、硒含量的条件进行探讨,并通过实例进行验证。通过对不同仪器测试条件和试剂用量的分析,选择最优测试条件进行测试,测定线性关系0.999,砷、硒检出限低,分别为0.052和0.073μg/L,满足检测应用要求;并且通过国家标准样品测试和地下水样品加标实验进行验证,标准样品测试结果与加标回收率均合格,方法的准确度及精密度结果满意。该实验方法操作简单、快速,适用于地下水中砷、硒的同时测定。 相似文献
7.
东昆仑造山带夏日哈木超大型镍钴硫化物矿床伴生钴资源,对其钴富集机制的认识离不开矿物中钴含量及其赋存状态方面的制约。本文采用场发射-扫描电子显微镜-能谱分析和电子探针对夏日哈木I号镁铁-超镁铁质岩体中不同类型的矿物进行了成矿元素含量测定及表征,在矿物层面探讨了钴含量变化和赋存状态。确认钴镍的赋存状态(含量)与矿物类型、岩浆结晶阶段(演化时间)有关：硫(砷)化物的钴含量高于硅酸盐造岩矿物,辉砷钴矿等砷化物钴独立矿物具有最高的钴含量。镁铁质岩浆硫不饱和时,早期结晶橄榄石中镍含量较高,中期结晶辉石岩的辉石晶体结构中的钴发生晶体化学分散;岩浆硫饱和-硫化物熔离过程中钴和镍优先进入硫化物熔体而富集,单硫化物固溶体(MSS)早期结晶的磁黄铁矿中钴含量大于镍含量,钴与镍含量正相关;MSS中期结晶的镍黄铁矿优先富集钴,钴与镍含量负相关,钴可能与镍类质同象替换进入镍黄铁矿而优先富集;MSS早期钴与砷形成辉砷钴矿等钴独立矿物,钴富集程度高、但总量有限。最后,本文认为硫化物熔离是夏日哈木矿床钴富集的主要机制。 相似文献
8.
采用1∶1王水处理样品,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定地球化学样品中的砷元素。测定样品采用国家一级标准物质进行试验,并与标准值进行比较,测定值与标准值相符,满足《地质矿产实验室质量管理规范》的质量要求。经试验,该方法精密度(RSD,n=12)为1.48%~5.63%,检出限(ug/g)6.42,加标回收率为95.15%~104.6%,其方法简便快速,操作周期短,适合大批量地区化学样品中高含量砷的快速测定。 相似文献
9.
大同盆地高砷地下水系统沉积物环境磁学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究高砷含水层沉积物中砷与磁性矿物的关系, 对大同盆地高砷地区含水层钻孔样品进行了环境磁学和地球化学分析, 结果表明亚铁磁性矿物是决定含水层沉积物磁性特征的主要磁性矿物.通过对比砷和磁性参数在垂向上的变化趋势发现, 高砷含量往往对应着低的饱和等温剩磁(SIRM) 值, 揭示出砷和顺磁性矿物之间也存在联系.沉积物砷含量与磁性参数的相关系数均小于0.5 (α=0.05), 表明砷和亚铁磁性矿物及不完整反铁磁性矿物之间不存在明显的联系.在所有磁性参数中磁化率(χ)和砷含量之间相关性最显著, 相关系数均在0.4 (α=0.05) 左右, 低的相关系数与亚铁磁性矿物和不完整反铁磁性矿物对顺铁磁性矿物的稀释有关.该地区高砷地下水的形成可能与水铁矿及纤铁矿等砷的赋存矿物在还原条件下的还原溶解有关. 相似文献
10.
水浴浸提-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定地质样品中痕量砷和汞 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
采用盐酸-硝酸混合酸(盐酸-硝酸-水体积比3∶1∶4)水浴浸取地质样品,在样品消解后的母液中直接加入硫脲-抗坏血酸混合溶液,以氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定地质样品中的痕量砷和汞。方法检出限为砷0.033 6 ng/mL,汞0.003 7 ng/mL;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=1)为砷1.1%,汞3.0%。对国家一级标准物质GBW 07109~GBW 07114、GBW 07301~GBW 07312、GBW 07401~GBW 07408中的砷和汞进行测定,测定值与标准值相吻合。 相似文献
11.
依据2006—2009年间采集的区内1092件浅层地下水无机分析和现场测试数据,采用地统计学分析方法,分析了黄河下游冲积平原地下水中砷的空间变异特征及在人类活动影响下的污染现状。全区26.65%的样品砷含量超过饮用水标准,超标区域面积占全区总面积的17.3%。浅层地下水中砷的统计特征表明砷的离散程度和变异系数均较高;空间变异特征显示砷在空间上的分布各向异性,砷含量分布差异与地下水流向关系不密切,不同浓度的分布主要受原生条件和污染源的影响;区内约7%的浅层地下水样品砷的浓度由人类活动影响形成,其中12%的砷污染样品源于养殖场砷污染,养殖场内浅层地下水砷检出率、超标率均为全区的2倍;砷污染源包括农村分散养殖场牲畜废弃物排放、含砷农药的施用、工业污水的不达标排放等。 相似文献
12.
Arsenic in soil, vegetation and water of a contaminated region 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
S. Zandsalimi M.Sc. N. Karimi Ph.D. A. Kohandel Ph.D. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2011,8(2):331-338
Arsenic concentrations of surface waters, soils and plants were surveyed in three contaminated villages of Bijar County. Total arsenic in water samples (4.5 to 280 μg/L) was correlated with electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, calcium and sodium (p<0.001). Total arsenic in the soils ranged from 105.4 to 1500 mg/kg. Some of the soil factors play an important role in soil arsenic content and its bioavailability for organisms. In general, the arsenic concentrations in plants were low, especially in the most common wild species. Among 13 plant species, the highest mean arsenic concentration was found in leaves of Mentha Longifolia (79.4 mg/kg). Arsenic levels in soils and plants were positively correlated, while the ability of the plants to accumulate the element, expressed by their biological accumulation coefficients and arsenic transfer factors, was independent of the soil arsenic concentration. Relationships between the arsenic concentrations in plants, soils and surface water and the environmental aspects of these relationships have been discussed in comparison with literature data. The accumulation of arsenic in environmental samples (soil, sediment, water, plant, etc.) poses a potential risk to human health due to the transfer of this element in aquatic media, their uptake by plants and subsequent introduction into the food chain. 相似文献
13.
高岭土作为重要的铝硅酸盐,其微量元素的含量决定着高岭土产品的性能指标.高岭土的三种国家标准物质成分GBW03121、GBW03122、GBW03122a中均未含有As、Sb等10种微量元素的标准值,在高岭土的检测中只能采用近似的岩石标准物质作为监控物质,对高岭土组分的准确分析有一定影响.本文通过微波消解技术,对比了硝酸... 相似文献
14.
The determination of trace element concentrations in oil shale before mining and retorting is required for proper solid-waste
management planning. Using routine Fischer assay oil yield data collected during resource characterization as indicators of
potential trace element concentrations could lead to a standard method of identifying strata containing high trace element
levels. In order to determine a correlation between trace element concentrations and oil yield, shale samples were selected
from four statigraphic zones of the Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation for analysis. All samples were analyzed
for total elemental concentrations, mineralogy, and Fischer assay oil yield. The results of these analyses demonstrated that
the Mahogany zone shales contain significantly greater trace element concentrations (antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium,
copper, lead, lithium, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, and vanadium) than the other three shale zones. These
high trace element concentrations have been identified within well-defined interbedded tuff deposits in the Mahogany zone.
In addition, all trace elements evaluated, except boron, show either increasing or decreasing concentrations as oil yield
increases within all oil shale zones. With an increased number of analyses of existing oil shale cores, oil yield data will
be correlated to specific stratigraphic units containing high trace element concentrations. 相似文献
15.
Arsenic sometimes found in ground water which has adverse effect on human health at levels as low as 10μg/L. Arsenic is known to be one of the most toxic element that cannot be destroyed once it has entered to the environment. It is a dangerous poison at high doses but can cure diseases such as syphilis and leukaemia at low doses. The present study comprises a low cost technique for determination of arsenic concentration in groundwater up to 1000μg/L. The method is based on the reaction of arsenic (V) with potassium iodide and stannous chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid medium to convert to arsenic (III) and needs 15 to 20 minutes time for complete conversion. After reaction with the granulated zinc (arsenic free), the evolved arsine gas is passed through wet cotton wool of lead acetate for absorbing any sulphide impurities and is finally absorbed by wet filter paper of silver nitrate which gives brown colour. The intensity of the colour varies with respect to the arsenic concentration present in ground water. A master colour chart is prepared by the known arsenic standard solution from 0 to 1000 μg/L for measuring the concentration range of arsenic in contaminated ground water. The quantitative arsenic determination is done with the help of colorimetric study. The absorbed colour of filter paper is thoroughly scanned and Red, Green and Blue (R-G-B) values are obtained by colour picking technique with the help of the software ‘Microsoft Paint’ under the operating system ‘Microsoft Windows 7’. The known arsenic concentrations are plotted against the R-G-B values of the corresponding absorbed colour and three master curves are drawn by the software ‘Mat lab’ for measuring the exact concentration of arsenic in groundwater. For validation, arsenic contamination test is conducted for the ground water samples collected from different areas of 24 Parganas district using our very low cost kit and other costly instruments like Digital Arsenator and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. 相似文献
16.
氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定铜精矿及铜矿石中砷的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对铜精矿及铜矿石中大量铜离子等多种金属离子对原子荧光光谱法测定砷干扰的消除,建立一种适合的溶样方法,选择了最佳的分析条件,克服了普通原子荧光法溶解样品的不足,本方法测定砷的检出限为1μg/g。本方法测定了3个国家一级标准物质中砷的含量,测定值与推荐值吻合,确定方法适合铜含量比较高的样品中砷含量的测定。 相似文献
17.
地下水中砷形态标准物质研制 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
砷元素的不同形态对人体有不同的毒性,无机砷的毒性最大,有机砷毒性较小,准确测定水体中尤其是地下水中砷形态的含量对于人体健康和环境保护有重要意义。但目前国内外尚缺乏地下水中砷形态的标准物质。文章研制了5个地下水砷形态标准物质,候选物样品采自山西和内蒙古高砷地区,在样品的采集和制备过程中使用冷冻干燥法和加保护剂两种方法保证砷形态稳定,定值参数为砷全量、As(Ⅲ)、As(Ⅴ),定值方法采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法、电感耦合等离子体光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法。经检验,制备的砷形态标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性。该系列标准物质研制中首次应用冷冻干燥技术,样品保存问题得到了很好的解决,采用多家实验室协作定值,测试方法准确、可靠,标准值和不确定度合理,填补了国内外砷形态标准物质研制的空白。 相似文献
18.
Ahmad Abbasnejad Azam Mirzaie Reza Derakhshani Esmat Esmaeilzadeh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2549-2557
Bardsir plain is located in the central part of Kerman Province of Iran. The relative prevalence of arsenic-related cancers, the high concentration of arsenic in nearby plains, as well as the recharge of this aquifer through the mountains composed of high-sulfide volcanic rocks have been motivations of the authors to study the concentration of this element in Bardsir plain. Arsenic concentration was measured in 63 groundwater samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. The results were evaluated through iso-concentration maps, correlation diagrams, and multivariate statistical methods. Accordingly, the concentration of arsenic ranges from 1.3 to 464.5 μg/l with an average value of 134.2 μg/l. So, the groundwaters are enriched with arsenic to much higher levels than permitted for than drinking water acceptable level (10 μg/l). The high arsenic levels in groundwaters of Bardsir plain are ascribed to joint influence of decomposition of sulfides present in mountainous volcanic rocks and the mixing with hydrothermal waters in some locations. Supposedly, the prevalence of higher than 8 pH values has enhanced the release of arsenic from Fe-hydroxides generated during sulfide weathering process. 相似文献
19.
沈阳黄家水源地是我国北方地区典型的傍河地下水水源地,近岸带地下水中铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、砷(As)含量严重超标。为查明地下水中As的来源与影响因素,对研究区河水、地下水以及土壤样品进行采集与测试,分析了水样常规指标与碳硫稳定同位素、土样中典型矿物、砷的含量及赋存形态。结果表明,研究区河水中As含量很低,而地下水中As含量普遍超标。河水入渗初期,氧化性河水使部分含As矿物发生氧化而释放As;随着河水入渗,地下水向还原环境转变,含As的Fe/Mn矿物发生还原性溶解,地下水中As含量逐渐升高。研究区典型矿物有黄铁矿、菱铁矿、软锰矿、赤铁矿、针铁矿、菱锰矿等,通过可交换态砷解吸、有机质结合态砷氧化、铁锰氧化物结合态砷还原性溶解等,介质中的As释放至地下水中。地下水中As含量与酸碱度(pH)、氧化还原电位(Eh)呈一定负相关,与溶解有机碳(DOC)、 、Fe、Mn含量呈正相关。 相似文献