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1.
兰州新区土地扩张及驱动力分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
针对新区建设过程中建成区土地快速扩张的问题,该文对建成区土地扩张时空规律及驱动力进行分析,使用不同时期的TM和Landsat 8影像,通过目视解译提取了兰州新区建成区2010、2013、2014和2015年土地扩张信息,并从政策、经济两方面对土地扩张的驱动力进行分析。结果表明:兰州新区建成区土地扩张在2010年7月至2013年12月,扩张强度为36.449%,呈慢速增长;2013年12月—2014年12月,扩张强度为74.546%,呈快速增长;2014年12月至2015年6月,扩张强度为43.614%,呈稳定增长;城市几何中心向东北方向偏移。驱动因子中,政策影响起到引导作用,经济影响起到驱动作用。其中,最大驱动力为招商引资。  相似文献   

2.
Perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage and attrition in ecosystems take place due to urbanization. In this study, where and when temporal and spatial heterogeneity occurs is tried to be explained by taking human intervention in landscape pattern and processes in and around the city of Denizli into account and how this heterogeneity affects habitat conditions within the scope of landscape ecology. Landscape pattern metrics were estimated in order to reveal the change in habitats and present the properties of the landscape. 30 pattern indicators on class and pattern levels, which are important to show human–environment interaction, were analyzed in order to indicate the features of the landscape such as area, side, shape and dispersion. To this end, LANDSAT TM/7–ETM/8-OLI satellite images of 1987 and 2013 were classified for laying the foundations of the analysis. Analyses showed that between 1987 and 2013, complicated shape features, increase in edge habitats, de-growth in core areas and eventually fragmentation in landscape have been dominant. Heterogenic structure in landscape has increased. This points not to the self-functioning of the landscape, but to the domination of human intervention over the landscape. Particularly, due to urban growth and sprawl, fragmentation, isolation and habitat loss in croplands have increased. This study sets forth the usefulness of remote sensing, GIS and landscape metrics in understanding how urban dynamics and ecosystems change in developing urban politics.  相似文献   

3.
This study investigated land use/land cover change (LULCC) dynamics using temporal satellite images and spatial statistical cluster analysis approaches in order to identify potential LULCC hot spots in the Pune region. LULCC hot spot classes defined as new, progressive and non-progressive were derived from Gi* scores. Results indicate that progressive hot spots have experienced high growth in terms of urban built-up areas (20.67% in 1972–1992 and 19.44% in 1992–2012), industrial areas (0.73% in 1972–1992 and 3.46% in 1992–2012) and fallow lands (4.35% in 1972–1992 and ?6.38% in 1992–2012). It was also noticed that about 28.26% of areas near the city were identified as new hot spots after 1992. Hence, non-significant change areas were identified as non-progressive after 1992. The study demonstrated that LULCC hot spot mapping through the integrated spatial statistical approach was an effective approach for analysing the direction, rate, spatial pattern and spatial relationship of LULCC.  相似文献   

4.
Rapid land use/land cover changes have taken place in many cities of Turkey. Land use and land cover changes are essential for wide range of applications. In this study, Landsat TM satellite imageries date from 1987, 1993, 2000 and 2010 were used to analyse temporal and spatial changes in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Zonguldak and Eregli two largest and economic important cities which have been active coal mining and iron fabric areas. Maximum Likelihood Classification technique was implemented and the results were represented in classes of open area, forest, agricultural, water, mining, urban and pollution in the sea. Urban areas on both cities increased from 1987 to 2010. The agricultural and open areas from 1987 to 2010 decreased in parallel to land use and land cover change in both cities. Meanwhile, forest areas increased continuously with about 20 % from 1987 to 2010 in both cities. As industrial activity, the coal fields doubled from 1987 to 2010.  相似文献   

5.
The southern Yucatán (SY) has been recognized as a hotspot of biodiversity with great risk of deforestation. Land change analysis, based on classified Landsat TM and ETM?+?satellite imagery (1990, 2000 and 2006), was used to estimate the annual deforestation rates of 141 land management units of the SY, and spatial patterns of forest fragmentation around and within the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR), which comprises approximately one-third of the region. Results indicate a decrease in annual deforestation rates over 1990–2006, from 0.15% year?1 to 0.06% year?1, but with significant sub-regional variations in the quantity and rate of forest loss. Despite a decline in deforestation during this period, there was considerable fragmentation both inside and outside the CBR. While population pressures and the expansion of pasture have caused deforestation across the region, agricultural intensification, diversified income strategies and reserve conservation may have contributed to reduced forest loss during the study period.  相似文献   

6.
This paper is the first ever attempt to study population distribution in Al Ain city in Eastern United Arab Emirates (UAE) through integration of remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS). The remote sensing data used in this study included high spatial resolution (1 m) IKONOS imagery of February 17, 2001. For the population related studies IKONOS data offers number of advantages over other satellite images, e.g. it has high spatial resolution, it covers a larger area per image, it cost less per km2, and available on a more regular basis. Such characteristics provide a mechanism by which population estimates can be updated with high accuracy and better rate of frequency. The average difference between the population recorded in the 2001 and that estimated from IKONOS images for Al Ain city is found to be equal to 5%. GIS is used for modelling the relationship among population variables and shows result obtained. Empirical model analyses results of this study show that the overall density of the city is consistent with location theories, i.e., declining population density from the Central Business District (CBD). The trend of higher-income people living in peripheries of cities is evident worldwide as it is in Al Ain.  相似文献   

7.
The rapid growth of urban population in India is a cause of concern among country??s urban and town planners for efficient urban planning. The drastic growth of urban areas has resulted in sharp land use and land cover changes. In recent years, the significance of spatial data technologies, especially the application of remotely sensed data and geographical information systems (GIS) has been widely used. The present study investigates the urban growth of Tiruchirapalli city, Tamilnadu using IRS satellite data for the years 1989, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010. The eight satellite images are enhanced using convolution spatial enhancement method with Kernel (7?×?7) edge enhance function. Supervised classification method is used to classify the urban land use and land cover. The GIS is used to prepare the different layers belonging to various land uses identified from remotely sensed data. The analysis of the results show the drastic increase of built up area and reduced green cover within the city boundary limit.  相似文献   

8.
2000—2010年神东矿区植被NPP的变化特征及影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
基于EOS/MODIS NPP数据集,对神东矿区植被净初级生产力(NPP)变化的时空特征及主要影响因素进行分析。研究表明,2000—2010年,神东矿区植被年NPP主要介于(98~160)g C/(m2·a)区间,11 a平均值为139.80 g C/(m2·a),低于同期全国植被年平均NPP值360.97 g C/(m2·a)约61.3%,低于同期矿区10 km缓冲区年平均NPP值142.49 g C/(m2·a)约2%,同时也低于同纬度对比区域年均NPP值161.97 g C/(m2·a)约13.7%。11 a NPP值一元线性回归分析表明,3个区域2000—2010年平均NPP变化趋势及斜率特征大致相符,相关系数均达到0.94以上;植被NPP与同期气候因子的相关性分析表明,神东矿区植被年NPP与年降水量相关系数较大,为0.716。  相似文献   

9.
福州市热岛效应动态分析研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
林志垒 《四川测绘》2001,24(3):140-143
本文应用1988年和1992年福州市卫星图像，对福州市热岛效应进行动态研究，结果表明：随城市建设的发展，原热岛范围内高温区增加，热岛范围明显扩大，尤其是市区东部发展最快，在1988－1992四年中福州的热岛范围向东扩展了约15平方公里，同时热岛外围小热岛也不断涌现。在这些动态变化特征的基础上，本文分析福州市热岛效应动态变化的原因以及减轻热岛效应影响的具体措施。  相似文献   

10.
Normally, to detect surface water changes, water features are extracted individually using multi-temporal satellite data, and then analyzed and compared to detect their changes. This study introduced a new approach for surface water change detection, which is based on integration of pixel level image fusion and image classification techniques. The proposed approach has the advantages of producing a pansharpened multispectral image, simultaneously highlighting the changed areas, as well as providing a high accuracy result. In doing so, various fusion techniques including Modified IHS, High Pass Filter, Gram Schmidt, and Wavelet-PC were investigated to merge the multi-temporal Landsat ETM+ 2000 and TM 2010 images to highlight the changes. The suitability of the resulting fused images for change detection was evaluated using edge detection, visual interpretation, and quantitative analysis methods. Subsequently, artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and maximum likelihood (ML) classification techniques were applied to extract and map the highlighted changes. Furthermore, the applicability of the proposed approach for surface water change detection was evaluated in comparison with some common change detection methods including image differencing, principal components analysis, and post classification comparison. The results indicate that Lake Urmia lost about one third of its surface area in the period 2000–2010. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, especially Gram Schmidt-ANN and Gram Schmidt-SVM for surface water change detection.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

In the present study, the multi-temporal satellite images of IRS P6 LISS III were used to map waterlogging dynamics over different seasons. An area of 594.36 km2 (6.75%) and 4.17 km2 (0.04%) was affected by surface waterlogging during pre and postmonsoon season, respectively. The average annual groundwater level fluctuations were calculated using 18 years (1990–2007) pre and postmonsoon groundwater level data to identify the areas which are under groundwater induced waterlogging conditions. The soil map clearly indicates that salinity and sodicity exhibit the highest severity and occur in areas with shallow groundwater levels. The hydrogeomorphical units mapped using IRS P6 LISS III satellite images are flood plain, alluvial plain, paleochannels, and oxbow lakes. The study revealed that 44.65% areas have very good to excellent groundwater resources. The litholog data clearly indicate an alternating sequence of clay and sand in which deep aquifers made up of coarse sand would be best suited for adequate water supply and good groundwater quality. The integrated study utilizing digital spatial data pertaining to waterlogging, soil salinity, water level fluctuation, and lithological variation proved that planning of any surface and subsurface water resources development activity should be taken up after assessments of said parameters.  相似文献   

12.
本文基于哈尔滨市呼兰区1998—2018年Landsat TM影像数据和社会经济数据,通过ENVI、ArcMap等软件,采用监督分类、土地利用变化模型、典型相关分析法等方法,科学系统地分析了1998—2010、2010—2018、1998—2018年3个不同时段的土地利用覆盖变化特征,并对土地利用覆盖变化驱动因素进行了分析。结果表明,哈尔滨市呼兰区20年间呈居民地和水域面积增加、耕地变化不大、林草不断减少的土地利用覆盖变化格局,且前8年的变化速度和幅度大于后12年。该区土地利用覆盖变化的影响因素包括自然环境因素、社会经济因素及人口因素。  相似文献   

13.
This study attempts to identify and forecast future land cover (LC) by using the Land Transformation Model (LTM), which considers pixel changes in the past and makes predictions using influential spatial features. LTM applies the Artificial Neural Networks algorithm) in conducting the analysis. In line with these objectives, two satellite images (Spot 5 acquired in 2004 and 2010) were classified using the Maximum Likelihood method for the change detection analysis. Consequently, LC maps from 2004 to 2010 with six classes (forest, agriculture, oil palm cultivations, open area, urban, and water bodies) were generated from the test area. A prediction was made on the actual soil erosion and the soil erosion rate using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) combined with remote sensing and GIS in the Semenyih watershed for 2004 and 2010 and projected to 2016. Actual and potential soil erosion maps from 2004 to 2010 and projected to 2016 were eventually generated. The results of the LC change detections indicated that three major changes were predicted from 2004 to 2016 (a period of 12 years): (1) forest cover and open area significantly decreased at rates of almost 30 and 8 km2, respectively; (2) cultivated land and oil palm have shown an increment in sizes at rates of 25.02 and 5.77 km2, respectively; and, (3) settlement and Urbanization has intensified also by almost 5 km2. Soil erosion risk analysis results also showed that the Semenyih basin exhibited an average annual soil erosion between 143.35 ton ha?1 year?1 in 2004 and 151 in 2010, followed by the expected 162.24 ton ha?1 year?1. These results indicated that Semenyih is prone to water erosion by 2016. The wide range of erosion classes were estimated at a very low level (0–1 t/ha/year) and mainly located on steep lands and forest areas. This study has shown that using both LTM and USLE in combination with remote sensing and GIS is a suitable method for forecasting LC and accurately measuring the amount of soil losses in the future.  相似文献   

14.
Chongming Island in China is currently undergoing a rapid urbanization and an increasing environmental pressure due to its fast-paced social economic development. Owing to natural silts deposit phenomenon as well as artificial land reclamation practices, the Island is also experiencing an expansion phenomenon. The synergy between these natural and artificial phenomena results in a rapidly changing landscape on Chongming Island. Consequently, the tools and methods for a rapid and cost-effective detection and assessment of related issues are urgently needed to ensure a harmonious and sustainable development of the Island. We herein investigate the urban growth and the landscape pattern change in relation to the Island’s expansion phenomenon and the associated complexity of land use/cover change. Our investigation is based on a time series of Landsat satellite images spanning the past 34 years. The methodological approach adopted in the present study combines vegetation indices, images textural features and social statistics data in an object-oriented classification framework. With Chongming Island expanding by an annual rate of 0.9% between 1979 and 2013, we found that the proportion of vegetation area to the total area decreased from 71 to 45%, whereas the proportion of built-up area to the total area increased from 5 to 19.9%. The urban area expanded about six times from 1979 to 2013, and during the same period, the Island’s population did not change significantly. The urban spatial expansion of Chongming Island caused distinct expansion intensity index for each intervals, and significant fragmentation and diversity in the landscape pattern between 1979 and 2013. It was also found that the rapid urbanization process took place at the expense of landscape pattern changes at any time within the study period. This is a strong indication that besides the natural geographic element, economic development and policy orientation were the dominant driving factors. If the current rate of urban expansion is to be maintained and the vegetation cover is to keep decreasing at an annual rate of 0.1% (period 1979–2013), their combined effects would profoundly alter the ecological environment in the long term. These findings provide a basic objective and scientific information for knowledgeable decision-making and policy formulation regarding regional planning and management to ensure harmonious transition of Chongming towards ecologically oriented development.  相似文献   

15.
Sri Lanka is one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world. This study has utilized satellite remote sensing and GIS techniques to generate a nation-wide database on forests, forest types and land use/land cover of Sri Lanka. Spatial assessment of forest cover changes was carried out for the periods 1976–1985, 1985–1994, 1994–2005 and 2005–2014. The landscape fragmentation analysis has carried out to calculate the spatial and temporal patterns of forest. Land use/land cover map was prepared representing seven classes in 2014. The plantations occupy a large area (34.2%) followed by forests (33.4%) and agriculture (26.1%) in 2014. During the period of 1976–2014, the forest has been decreased by 5.5%. From 1976 to 1985 forest recorded a loss at an annual rate of 0.49%. This annual rate decreased to 0.01% during 2005–2014 indicates declining trend of deforestation and effective conservation measures. The study found deforestation hotspots in south east and northern most parts of the Sri Lanka. Total number of patches estimated has increased from 15193 in 1976 to 16136 in 2014. The study has found that main causes of deforestation in Sri Lanka were due to expansion of agriculture and plantations. The extent of change detected in the study through geospatial techniques has significance to the forest ecology and management of natural landscapes in Sri Lanka.  相似文献   

16.
Integration of remote sensing data sets from multiple satellites is tested to simulate water storage variation of Lake Ziway, Ethiopia for the period 2009-2018. Sixty Landsat ETM+/OLI images served to trace temporal variation of lake surface area using a water extraction index. Time series of lake levels were acquired from two altimetry databases that were validated by in-situ lake level measurements. Coinciding pairs of optical satellite based lake surface area and radar altimetry based lake levels were related through regression and served for simulating lake storage variation. Indices for extracting lake surface area from images showed 91–99 % overall accuracy. Lake water levels from the altimetry products well agreed to in-situ lake level measurements with R2 = 0.92 and root mean square error of 11.9 cm. Based on this study we conclude that integrating satellite imagery and radar altimetry is a viable approach for frequent and accurate monitoring of lake water volume variation and for long-term change detection. Findings indicate water level reduction (4 cm/annum), surface area shrinkage (0.08km2/annum) and water storage loss (20.4Mm3/annum) of Lake Ziway (2009–2018).  相似文献   

17.
2002年——2011年北极海冰时空变化分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
基于2002年-2011年AMSR-E海冰密集度数据, 分析了北极海冰的时空变化特征及其原因。结果表明海冰外缘线面积每年减小8.28×104 km2, 下降趋势最快的季节为夏季, 下降速度是1979年-2006年的两倍多, 而且海冰密集度也在降低。2003年、2004年的冰情相对较重, 2007年海冰面积最小。长期冰在2002年-2010年间减少了近30%, 减少的区域主要在波弗特海、楚科奇海、东西伯利亚海、拉普贴夫海、喀拉海以及由这些边缘海向北极方向延伸的北冰洋的广大区域, 长期冰减少的地方大部分为季节性海冰增加的地方。海冰面积与年平均气温之间有显著的负相关关系, 随着全球气候变暖的加剧, 这种减小趋势将会持续。  相似文献   

18.
全面掌握城市不透水面变化规律和现状,对于城市化进程研究、城市规划发展和生态文明建设等具有重要的意义。以宁波市为研究区,基于1987-2015年的Landsat影像,利用完全约束最小二乘混合像元分解法实现宁波市不透水面信息提取,结果表明:完全约束最小二乘混合像元分解法避免了不透水面丰度出现负值的情况,提取精度较好;近30年宁波市不透水面扩张显著,不透水面面积增长近5倍,扩张速率和强度在2007-2010年达到最大,并逐渐趋于平稳,2007年以前宁波市城市扩张以三江口片和各区县(市)主城区为主,2007年后则以新区经济发展带扩张为主。  相似文献   

19.
Automatic change detection of land cover features using high-resolution satellite images, is a challenging problem in the field of intelligent remote sensing data interpretation, and is becoming more and more effective for its applications viz. urban planning and monitoring, disaster assessment etc. In the present study, a change in detection approach based on the image morphology that analyses change in the local image grids is proposed. In this approach, edges from both the images are extracted and grid wise comparison is made by probabilistic thresholding and power spectral density analysis for identifying change area. One of the advantages of the proposed methodology is that the temporal images used in the change analysis need not be radiometrically corrected as analysis is based on edge extractions. The grid-based analysis further reduces the error, which might have been introduced by image mis-registration. The proposed methodology is validated by finding the temporal changes in the linear land cover features in parts of Kolkata city, India using three different image data-sets from LISS IV, Cartosat-1 and Google earth having varied spatial resolutions of 5.8 m, 2.5 m and about 1 m, respectively. The overall accuracy in identifying changes is found to be 64.82, 73.86 and 80.93% for LISS IV, Cartosat-1 and Google earth data-set, respectively.  相似文献   

20.
采用最大值合成（MVC）与最佳指数斜率提取（BISE）组合法和时间序列谐波分析法（HANTS）对重庆地区2006～2010年的共五年MODIS—NDVI时序数据进行降噪处理与数据重构,对重构结果进行对比与评价,并选其优者来评估重庆市的植被生长动态变化。结果表明,HANTS方法的除云去噪效果优于MVC与BISE组合法;2006～2010年,重庆市400m以下的地区植被变化较大,400m以上的区域植被呈连续变好趋势,研究结果可为重庆市生态保护与生态建设提供依据。  相似文献   

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