共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
《Sedimentology》2018,65(4):1067-1096
Submarine landslides, including the basal shear surfaces along which they fail, and their subsequent infill, are commonly observed in modern seabed and seismic reflection data sets; their resultant relief impacts sediment routing and storage patterns on continental margins. Here, three stacked submarine landslides are documented from the Permian Ecca Group, Laingsburg depocentre, Karoo Basin, South Africa, including two superimposed lateral margins. The stratigraphic framework includes measured sections and correlated surfaces along a 3 km long, 150 m high outcrop. Two stacked 2·0 to 4·5 km wide and 90 m and 60 m deep erosion surfaces are recognized, with lateral gradients of 8° and 4°, respectively. The aim of this study was to understand the evolution of a submarine landslide complex, including: evolution of basal shear surfaces/zones; variation of infill confinement; and location of the submarine landslides in the context of basin‐scale sedimentation and degradation rates. Three stages of formation are identified: (i) failure of submarine landslide 1, with deposition of unconfined remobilized deposits; (ii) failure of submarine landslide 2, forming basal shear surface/zone 1, with infill of remobilized deposits and weakly confined turbidites; and (iii) failure of submarine landslide 3, forming basal shear surface/zone 2, with infill of remobilized deposits and confined turbidites, transitioning stratigraphically to unconfined deposits. The expression of basal shear varies laterally, from metres thick zones in silt‐rich strata to sharp stepped surfaces in sand‐rich strata. Faulting and rotation of overlying bedding suggest that the shear surfaces/zones were dynamic. Stacking of landslides resulted from multi‐phase slope failure, increasing down‐dip topography and confinement of infilling deposits. The failure slope was probably a low supply tilted basin margin evidenced by megaclast entrainment from underlying basin‐floor successions and the lack of channel systems. This study develops a generic model of landslide infill, as a function of sedimentation and degradation rates, which can be applied globally. 相似文献
2.
3.
This paper presents a case study of aspects of the design of large slope cuttings in complex geological conditions in South Korea. During the original cutting of the slopes to geometries prescribed by Korean standards for rock slopes, several translational slides occurred on daylighting bedding planes. From observation it was evident that away from the areas of distress, some parts of the slopes appeared to be relatively stable, apparently because of the strengthening influence of relatively strong and massive igneous dykes and sills through the sedimentary rock. This paper describes how the geological conditions were assessed and stability analysed, section-by-section, along the road. This was achieved using a form of the method of slices to account for those sections of potential failure surfaces where sliding could occur along bedding and others where failure would necessitate shear through the intrusive igneous rock. Results were checked using UDEC models of critical sections. Following these analyses, recommendations were made for localized additional preventive measures including anchors and drainage. 相似文献
4.
Different models were developed for evaluating the probabilistic three-dimensional (3-D) stability analysis of earth slopes and embankments under earthquake loading. The 3-D slope stability model assumed is that of a simple cylindrical failure surface. The probabilistic models evaluate the probability of failure under seismic loading considering the randomness of earthquake occurrence, and earthquake induced acceleration and uncertainties stemming from the discrepancies between laboratory-measured and in-situ values of shear strength parameters. The models also takes into consideration the spatial variabilities and correlations of soil properties. The probabilistic analysis and design approach is capable of obtaining the 2-D and 3-D static and dynamic safety factors, the probability of slope failure, the earthquake induced acceleration coefficient, the yield acceleration coefficient, the earthquake induced displacement, and the probability of allowable displacement exceedance taking into account the local site effect. The approach is applied to a well known landslide case: Congress Street Landslide in Chicago. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the different parameters involved in the models by applying those models to the Congress Street landslide considering different levels of seismic hazard. Also, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the sensitivity of computed results to input parameters of undrained shear strength, and corrective factors. A comparison was made between the different models of failure. The parametric study revealed that the hypocentral distance and earthquake magnitude have major influence on the earthquake induced displacement, probability of failure and dynamic 2-D and 3-D safety factors. 相似文献
5.
影响顺层岩质边坡稳定性的主要因素有岩体的粘聚力和节理裂隙面的粘聚力,与一般边坡不同,节理面粘聚力大小决定了顺层边坡的稳定性。选取鹰厦铁路典型顺层边坡进行分析,采用数值模拟方法,比较不同节理面粘聚力下的边坡应力应变规律,得出在岩体粘聚力比较大而节理面粘聚力较小的情况下,顺层边坡会由于节理面产生拉应力而破坏。对于节理面可能出现的破坏形式提出了加固预应力锚固措施,进行加固措施后用数值模拟分析,对边坡的受力特征进行分析,得出预应力锚固方法促进节理边坡的稳定性。 相似文献
6.
反分析法与室内试验法确定岩质边坡结构面抗剪强度对比研究以西柏坡纪念馆不稳定斜坡为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩质边坡结构面抗剪强度是分析边坡稳定性的重要参数。反分析法是视滑坡将要滑动而尚未滑动的瞬间为极限平衡状态,求解滑动面抗剪强度的一种方法,相对于室内实验和原位测试具有成本低的特点,但其普适性较差,对反分析法的应用条件进行研究对该方法在边坡工程中的准确应用具有重要意义。本文用反分析和室内试验两种方法确定西柏坡纪念馆不稳定斜坡结构面抗剪强度,发现对于单滑动面岩质顺层滑坡,直接采用滑坡断面进行反分析获得的结构面抗剪强度与室内试验结果相近,可用于评价同一结构面边坡的稳定性。 相似文献
7.
8.
阻滑桩加固土坡稳定性分析的上限解法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从极限分析机动学方法出发,利用土的抗剪强度折减系数概念,建立了土坡的极限平衡状态方程,由此确定土坡的临界稳定安全系数及其相应的潜在破坏模式.对于典型问题,通过与现有极限平衡解和有限元数值解的对比分析,验证了这种上限解法的合理性.进而对于在给定的荷载条件下不能满足抗滑稳定性要求的土坡,考虑采用阻滑桩加固方式,根据桩侧有效土压力的合理分布模式确定桩体与滑动面相交的截面上等效抗滑力和抗滑力矩,利用极限分析上限定理建立了阻滑桩加固土坡的极限平衡状态方程,将桩侧土压力作为目标函数,运用数学规划方法确定了极限平衡状态时的临界桩侧土压力,以此为土坡加固中阻滑桩设计提供依据.通过数值计算与分析探讨了阻滑桩加固位置的优化布置等问题. 相似文献
9.
锚杆能够显著增强顺层岩质边坡的稳定性.基于顺层边坡结构效应,应用锚杆加固顺层边坡的力学模型,根据结构力学理论和变形协调关系,建立拉剪作用下全长粘结型锚杆加固顺层边坡抗剪计算的理论分析方法.与相关试验数据进行了比较验证,结果表明顺层边坡锚固抗力模型计算结果与试验结果比较一致,验证了理论模型的合理性.讨论了锚杆倾角、锚杆直径、灌浆体强度、结构面内摩擦角、剪胀角等对加锚顺层岩体抗剪性能的影响.分析表明:锚杆锚固抗力模型能够较好地反映锚杆轴力及横向剪切力对顺层岩质边坡的抗剪作用.锚杆倾角越大,锚杆总的抗力呈减小趋势,而锚杆抗力随剪胀角增大而增加;当锚杆倾角等于内摩擦角时,锚杆抗力达到最大;锚杆抗力随锚杆直径增加而增大;当锚杆直径不变时,锚杆抗力随灌浆体抗压强度增大而有所减小. 相似文献
10.
岩土材料具有极限应变特征,其值可以通过室内试验或数值模拟方法求得。边坡岩土体主要为剪切破坏,可采用极限剪应变作为材料破坏的判据。事实上,边坡岩土体强度参数劣化并非整体性的,而是一个渐进性局部损伤至整体失稳的过程。本文基于极限应变判据,建立了边坡破坏的动态局部强度折减方法,此方法对边坡中超过极限剪应变值的单元进行强度折减。通过不断折减计算过程中产生的超过极限剪应变值单元,直到坡内超过极限剪应变值的单元贯通,认为边坡整体发生破坏。将该方法应用到实际边坡工程中,计算结果和边坡破坏模式及变形监测数据基本吻合。此方法在分析边坡渐进性破坏及稳定性评价方面具有较好应用前景。 相似文献
11.
Thanh Son Nguyen Suched Likitlersuang Hiroyasu Ohtsu Takafumi Kitaoka 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(16):369
Rainfall-induced landslides frequently occur in humid temperate regions worldwide. Research activity in understanding the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides has recently focused on the probability of slope failure involving non-homogeneous soil profiles. This paper presents probabilistic analyses to assess the stability of unsaturated soil slope under rainfall. The influence of the spatial variability of shear strength parameters on the probability of rainfall-induced slope failure is conducted by means of a series of seepage and stability analyses of an infinite slope based on random fields. A case study of shallow failure located on sandstone slopes in Japan is used to verify the analysis framework. The results confirm that a probabilistic analysis can be efficiently used to qualify various locations of failure surface caused by spatial variability of soil shear strength for a shallow infinite slope failure due to rainfall. 相似文献
12.
The presence of a weak interlayer has usually an adverse effect on the slope stability. However, the rotational failure mechanism in the conventional upper bound limit analysis cannot rationally describe the sliding of the failure mass along the weak interlayer. Therefore, a new failure mechanism was proposed in this study to evaluate the stability of slopes with weak interlayers using the upper bound limit analysis and the associated factor of safety was determined by the shear strength reduction technique. The new failure mechanism is comprised of rigid blocks undergoing rotational or translational movements, instead of the rotational movement in the conventional failure mechanism. It has also been extended to the stability analysis of slopes in presence of stabilizing piles and pore water pressures. Case studies were carried out on actual slopes with weak interlayers. The proposed rotational–translational failure mechanism was verified by the shear strength reduction finite element method (SSRFEM). Comparisons demonstrate the reliability of limit analysis method with the proposed rotational–translational failure mechanism for slopes with weak interlayers and therefore it can be used as a simple evaluation method for the engineering design. 相似文献
13.
建立含有非贯通层面和正交次级节理的逆层岩质边坡FLAC/PFC2D耦合计算模型,进行地震动力破坏过程模拟试验,研究了逆层岩质边坡地震动力破坏机理。试验结果证明,在地震动力破坏过程中,边坡内部层面主要产生剪切破坏,少量张拉破坏集中于逆层边坡顶部位置并且总是发生在坡体已经产生动力失稳之后,因此层面的抗拉强度并不影响逆层边坡的地震动力稳定性。坡顶正交次级节理只能产生张拉破坏,形成宏观的岩层倾倒趋势,而坡底的正交次级节理既会产生张拉破坏,也会产生剪切破坏,破坏面滑动趋势明显。动力响应坡顶放大效应和破坏面发育位置深度导致坡顶岩体的张拉倾倒早于坡底岩体的剪切滑动,与逆层边坡静力倾倒破坏顺序相反。 相似文献
14.
层状岩体抗剪强度具有各向异性的特点,在分析顺层岩质边坡的稳定性与剪切滑动面方向上需要考虑 值方向性变化的影响。首先提出层状岩体 值的表达式,然后在此基础上选用一顺层边坡作为实例,分别计算分析了坡高、岩层面倾角、坡顶堆载特别是强度参数 值各向异性对边坡稳定以及剪切面方向的影响。 相似文献
15.
The Low Compaction Grading Technique on Steep Reclaimed Slopes: Soil Characterization and Static Slope Stability 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Isaac A. Jeldes Eric C. Drumm John S. Schwartz 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(4):1261-1274
Since the Surface Mining and Control Reclamation Act of 1977, US coal mining companies have been required by law to restore the approximate ground contours that existed prior to mining. To ensure mass stability and limit erosion, the reclaimed materials have traditionally been placed with significant compaction energy. The Forest Reclamation Approach (FRA) is a relatively new approach that has been successfully used to facilitate the fast establishment of native healthy forests. The FRA method specifies the use of low compaction energy in the top 1.2–1.5 m of the contour, which may be in conflict with general considerations for mechanical slope stability. Although successful for reforestation, the stability of FRA slopes has not been fully investigated and a rational stability method has not been identified. Further, a mechanics-based analysis is limited due to the significant amount of oversize particles which makes the sampling and measurement of soil strength properties difficult. To investigate the stability of steep FRA slopes (steeper than 20°), three reclaimed coal mining sites in the Appalachian region of East Tennessee were investigated. The stability was evaluated by several methods to identify the predominant failure modes. The infinite slope method, coupled with the estimation of the shear strength from field observations, was shown to provide a rational means to evaluate the stability of FRA slopes. The analysis results suggest that the low compaction of the surface materials may not compromise the long-term stability for the sites and material properties investigated. 相似文献
16.
边坡的变形破坏本质上有两方面的因素控制,(1)开挖或堆载引起斜坡内应力的重分布; (2)地表水渗入或地下水变动引起其抗剪强度的变化。大部分黄土路堑边坡位于地下水位以上,斜坡开挖以后,应力不再改变。 如果不是在人工灌溉区,其破坏大多可归结为降雨入渗引起的黄土抗剪强度的降低。对于非饱和黄土来讲,其孔隙水压力为负值,传统的Terzaghi有效应力原理不适用于Mohr-Coulomb抗剪强度公式,而Bishop的非饱和土有效应力公式中参数测定周期很长,技术还不是很成熟,目前在实际工程中应用还不现实。如何基于目前常规的测试方法,合理地确定边坡抗剪强度参数,是值得研究的问题。本文对局部发生滑坡的山西吉家塬黄土路堑51.6m高边坡,采用Bishop法反演边坡c、值; 取边坡上的黄土样,测了不同含水率试样的直接快剪强度参数。将试验结果与反演结果对比发现,含水量在接近土样塑限时的直接快剪试验结果与反演结果较为接近。塑限是土的一个状态界限指标,即固态到塑态含水量的界限值。土由固态进入塑态,土强度显著降低,此时最容易发生变形破坏,这符合土体稠度状态和强度变化的本质。因此建议在黄土边坡设计中,一般可取塑限含水量下的直接快剪强度指标作为边坡稳定性评价的指标。 相似文献
17.
基于极限分析上限定理与土的抗剪强度折减系数概念,考虑土的强度分布的非均质性与各向异性, 建立了土坡的极限平衡状态方程,由此确定土坡的稳定安全系数及其相应的潜在破坏模式。对于在给定的荷载条件下不能满足抗滑稳定性要求的土坡,考虑采用阻滑桩加固方式,根据桩侧有效土压力的合理分布模式确定桩体与滑动面相交的截面上等效抗滑力和抗滑力矩,考虑土的强度非均质性与各向异性的条件,利用极限分析上限定理建立阻滑桩加固土坡的极限平衡状态方程,将桩侧土压力作为目标函数,运用数学规划方法确定极限平衡状态时的临界桩侧有效土压力。通过大量的变动参数对比计算,探讨了土的强度的非均质性与各向异性等因素对阻滑桩桩侧极限抗力及最优加固位置的影响。 相似文献
18.
Vikas Duggal Asha Rani Rohit Mehra V. Balaram 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(1):77-81
In Shear strength reduction (SSR) technique, the factor of safety (FOS) is defined as the ratio of the material’s actual shear strength to the minimum shear strength required to prevent failure. Failure surface is found automatically through the zones within the material, where applied shear stresses cross the shear strength of the material. In this paper, a review of the technique is discussed in reference to FLAC. A brief background of the approach together with detailed procedure is presented.An attempt is made to exhibit the shear strength dependency of the strain. As stability of the slope is a function of the shear strength, the development of failure strain reflects the potential failure zone of slope. The shear strain developed in the slope increases with reduction in the shear strength and is reflected in the analysis. The concept of failure ratio (Rf) is incorporated in shear strength reduction technique and is demonstrated. Relationships between the critical shear strength reduction ratio and the safety factor are examined. 相似文献
19.
Wenmin Yao Bin Hu Chong Ma Hongbin Zhan 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(3):1111-1118
Based on the combination of FLAC3D software and strength reduction method, the applicability of three kinds of instability criterion of the stability of dip slopes with interbeddings of weak and hard rocks is studied. Then the failure process, failure mode and stability of the slopes are analyzed. The results show that: (1) the maximum unbalance rate affects the final calculated results; there is no certain relation between the convergence of calculation and the slope stability. The convergence of the displacement curves of key points and the ultimate displacement values should also be concerned to determine the slope stability. The maximum unbalance rate and the amplitude of the reduction affect the determination of the characteristic point in the displacement curve. It is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the shear strain rate when judging the slope stability, the judgment is not convenient and the error is large. Combining with calculation convergence criterion and feature point displacement mutation criterion is helpful to improve the accuracy of judgment on the limit state of the slope. (2) Slope deformation and failure process can be roughly divided into four stages qualitatively; the rock mass has buckling failure can be divided into three stages according to the deformation characteristics. The potential shear export of slope with buckling failure locates above the slope toe. Different combinations of weak and strong rock thickness does not affect the failure mode of slope, which all bellows to buckling failure mode, but it will affect the slope stability coefficient; with the increase of the thickness of strong rock and weak rock, the stability coefficient increases. If the thickness of the strong rock increases, the stability coefficient increases as well when the thickness ratio is constant. 相似文献
20.
大型反倾库岸岩体变形过程及破坏机制数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
随着边坡地质结构、地层岩性和诱发因素的不同,反倾岩体的主控变形破坏模式都会发生改变。金沙江龙蟠边坡岩体主要为反倾向千板岩和砂岩互层状结构,坡脚河床深厚覆盖层构成了边坡的软弱支座。本文运用离散单元法模拟了大型反倾库岸岩体在漫长的地质历史时期中的变形演化过程,并基于反倾岩体变形的时效性观点,引入强度折减法分析边坡在不同阶段的剪切屈服区扩展情况及相应的稳定性状态。结论表明龙蟠边坡变形岩体是重力弯曲蠕变为主导的成因机制,并归纳提出了软基效应和互层效应共同作用下的大规模反倾岩体的累进性剪切破坏模式,俗称龙蟠模式。 相似文献