共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):361-373
This article presents a methodology for a more detailed investigation of urban landscape change in rapidly growing cities of the less developed world beyond typical macrolevel approaches. This research is an attempt to bridge the gap between traditional landscape analysis and geographic information science (GIS). The article presents the preliminary results from a pilot project in Zamalek, Egypt, highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of the two techniques. Rarely used to study the less developed world, these techniques are utilized to assess change within a portion of Cairo's urban landscape. Large-scale historic maps and high-resolution satellite imagery, combined with field attribute collection, are the major data sources in this applied landscape analysis. A motivating factor in the desire to examine landscape change at such a large scale is the need to create monitoring systems for historic preservation in cities of the less developed world. 相似文献
2.
《Urban geography》2013,34(7):885-904
Picture postcards are visual data that have great utility in urban research. This Research Note examines the use and application of photographic postcards to urban landscape analysis through a case study in Agua Prieta, Sonora, Mexico on the U.S. border directly across from Douglas, Arizona. Postcards are especially valuable for visualizing landscape change in cities. Arranged and analyzed systematically, picture postcards permit the researcher to visualize a serial view of people and place, thereby enhancing our understanding of landscape change. Serial visual imagery presents a quality to seeing urban landscape that is difficult to achieve with more conventional historic photographs or from land use data like maps and archival records alone. 相似文献
3.
This article presents a large-scale analysis of the trajectories of individual cities and regions in the world city network between 2000 and 2012. The methodology used to examine cities' evolving network centralities is based on advanced producer services firms “interlocking” cities through their worldwide distribution of offices. We do not limit our analysis to a limited set of putative world cities, but incorporate 157 cities from all world regions into this global urban analysis. Absolute and relative measures of change are developed to reveal the major dimensions of change. The most notable finding is that significant connectivity gains have been limited to a small set of cities (Dubai, Shanghai, Beijing, and Moscow in particular) in the face of persisting core–periphery patterns at the level of the global economy, with New York and London remaining firmly at the apex. At the same time, overall levels of connectivity in the world city network have clearly risen, suggesting an increasingly integrated network. In geographical terms, a west-to-east shift is discernible, albeit uneven. 相似文献
4.
城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的匹配程度是城市旅游形象建设与宣传效果的重要评价,景观尺度下旅游感知与投射意象的空间分异特征可以有效评估游客对城市旅游意象的感知偏差,以此把握旅游者的旅游动机与景观偏好,更好地提升旅游地形象建设。本研究以五大世界著名旅游城市为例,以Flickr网站的地理标记照片数据和政府旅游网站宣传的旅游信息为数据源,利用ArcGIS空间分析技术分析城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的要素构成和空间分异特征。结果表明,城市旅游感知与投射意象的差异既体现在要素构成的偏差上,也体现在空间分布特征的差异方面。除东京旅游感知与投射意象要素结构基本一致以外,其他城市均存在一定程度的偏差。局部空间聚集异常值可视化了五大城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的空间分布偏差,相比城市旅游投射意象的空间集聚,城市旅游感知意象的范围更为离散。同时,双变量空间自相关指数分析结果验证了五大城市旅游感知意象与投射意象均呈显著的空间正相关,但是相关程度和依赖度并不高,说明了从感知与投射视角进行旅游意象空间特征分析的重要性,应以需求为导向进行城市旅游景观规划与宣传。结合地理标记照片数据的空间分析方法为城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的空间分异研究提供了普适性的方法,以服务于城市可持续发展和旅游形象建设。 相似文献
5.
城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的匹配程度是城市旅游形象建设与宣传效果的重要评价,景观尺度下旅游感知与投射意象的空间分异特征可以有效评估游客对城市旅游意象的感知偏差,以此把握旅游者的旅游动机与景观偏好,更好地提升旅游地形象建设。本研究以五大世界著名旅游城市为例,以Flickr网站的地理标记照片数据和政府旅游网站宣传的旅游信息为数据源,利用ArcGIS空间分析技术分析城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的要素构成和空间分异特征。结果表明,城市旅游感知与投射意象的差异既体现在要素构成的偏差上,也体现在空间分布特征的差异方面。除东京旅游感知与投射意象要素结构基本一致以外,其他城市均存在一定程度的偏差。局部空间聚集异常值可视化了五大城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的空间分布偏差,相比城市旅游投射意象的空间集聚,城市旅游感知意象的范围更为离散。同时,双变量空间自相关指数分析结果验证了五大城市旅游感知意象与投射意象均呈显著的空间正相关,但是相关程度和依赖度并不高,说明了从感知与投射视角进行旅游意象空间特征分析的重要性,应以需求为导向进行城市旅游景观规划与宣传。结合地理标记照片数据的空间分析方法为城市旅游感知意象与投射意象的空间分异研究提供了普适性的方法,以服务于城市可持续发展和旅游形象建设。 相似文献
6.
CAROLYN CARTIER 《Geographical review》1999,89(2):278-289
ABSTRACT. Cosmopolitanism has emerged as a humanistic perspective to express globalizing societal experiences. What are its geographies? World cities are centers of globalizing processes, and their populations and institutions may share elements of cosmopolitical worldviews. Most world cities have also been ports, yet in the contemporary global imaginary, many world cities are not readily understood as places of maritime activity, historic or contemporary. Disjunctures in perceptions of the coastal city-region reflect changes in the world economy and human experiences in modes of travel. This analysis recovers geographical processes of maritime urban areas as a basis for understanding transhistorical and geographical factors of cosmopolitics in globalizing regions and contemporary intellectual thought. 相似文献
7.
生态景观与城市形态整合研究 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：14
早在19世纪末生态思想就开始用于指导城市空间结构的研究,如今景观生态学关于格局与过程的生物空间理论,已成为城市自然景观组织和生态景观建设的主要理论支撑。本文探讨了生态景观的含义及建设途径,以南京为例运用景观生态学原理研究城市形态可持续格局,分析高密度开发条件下城市自然或近自然景观与人工建筑环境整合方法,并提出了在大都市区、主城区、街区三个不同尺度上由表及里、由内而外的生态景观与城市形态整合模式：绿楔与星形放射状城市相嵌、绿径网络与街区路网纹理相伴、须状绿色延伸与邻里环境相融。为城市景观生态重建和城市化地区生态安全格局构建提供参照。 相似文献
8.
ABSTRACT. Ethnic neighborhoods have long been used to facilitate urban revitalization in older, inner‐city neighborhoods in American cities, but this strategy is much less common in European cities. This is especially surprising because immigrants make up a significant percentage of the population in a large number of those cities. This article explores the role that a largely invented Little Italy has played in revitalizing a section of downtown San Diego in contrast to the difficulty of creating such districts in European cities. The question posed here is, Will this contrast in approaches and outcomes remain indefinitely, or will the use of ethnically themed revitalization strategies become more alike as globalization and the expansion of the European Union serve to lessen historic ethnic tensions and increase the number of distinctive immigrant districts in Europe? 相似文献
9.
Variations of the Treescape in Relation to Urban Development in a Chinese City: The Case of Nanjing*
Urban trees, as prominent and pertinent landscape elements of cities, are increasingly studied by both practitioners and academics. Trees in Chinese cities have hitherto received little detailed analysis from the viewpoint of urban forestry or landscape analysis. This study attempts a comprehensive evaluation of the tree population in Nanjing, focusing on the association between urban development and treescape attributes. Six districts, covering the main built‐up area of 130 km2, formed the study area. Nine land‐use types with varied urban morphology and three urban zones with different development history were identified, within which subareas and trees were sampled for field study of tree dimensions, tree performance, and site characteristics. Statistical analyses on the 6,527 surveyed trees verify that tree performance is significantly associated with land use, site condition, and related human activities. Treescape is associated with housing ownership, town planning, and the history of urban expansion. The relationship between treescape and urban landscape units can furnish hints for improved urban forest planning and management and better coordination between planners and landscape professionals. 相似文献
10.
Zone Fever,Project Fever: Development Policy,Economic Transition,and Urban Expansion in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Yehua Dennis Wei 《Geographical review》2015,105(2):156-177
With the pursuit for global competitiveness and economic growth, Chinese cities have recorded massive urban land expansion. This article examines the effects of development policies and economic restructuring on urban land expansion in China through a case study of Nanjing, representing the rapidly growing and globalizing coastal cities in China. Wei investigate the development process and changing contents of government policies, and analyze development zones and key projects as privileged, trait making, and even path‐breaking elements of the development process. We highlight the transition and paradox of the Chinese state in the urban development process, and the broad contexts underlying urban land expansion in Chinese cities. We see urban expansion in China as a process largely responding to top‐down policy change and economic transition initiated by the central government. We hold that the role of the state has to be analyzed to understand urban transformation and land expansion, moving beyond local factors of accessibility and feasibility. Development‐zone and project fevers, and lagging administrative reforms, however, have made Chinese cities heavy with debt and led to wasteful development, corruption, and social unrest in China. 相似文献
11.
Urbanization is an inevitable process and the majority of the world's population are migrating into cities, particularly in developing countries. Urban development has expanded rapidly in expense of the already limited green spaces in the world. Urban green spaces (UGS) are crucial components of urban sustainability and are vital for enhancing our quality of living. This study aims at developing a systematic approach to monitor changes of the urban landscape and assessing the conditions of UGS in the Klang Valley. Remote sensing processing techniques were used to extract meaningful data from mid-resolution Landsat satellite images of 1989, 2001, and 2014. We utilised urbanization indices to measure the magnitude and speed of urban development, while landscape metrics were used to describe the composition and configuration of each classes in the landscape. The results revealed that UGS in the Klang Valley have increased by 318.02% in proportion to built-up areas (high density built-up (HDB) and low density built-up (LDB)) from 1989 to 2014. The percentage of UGS compared to both HDB and LDB in 1989, 2001, and 2014 is 12.62%, 19.43%, and 22.51%, respectively. However, the fragmentation of UGS increased by approximately 100% in two decades and mainly occurred in areas with higher HDB. Spatial patterns of UGS in the Klang Valley were described based on the landscape metrics used. The developed approach can assist urban planners and decision makers to obtain a synoptic yet comprehensive view of the urban landscape. 相似文献
12.
基于城市群整合发展的中原地区城市体系结构优化 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
在中原城市群的整合发展中,建设结构完善、功能强大的城市体系是一项特殊重要的历史任务,而城市体系的"结构优化"更是首当其冲的必须妥善解决的关键问题。城市体系结构优化的实质是:通过政府的宏观规划调控和城市群内各地域单元的整合,实现不同等级、不同规模、不同职能的城市在空间平台上的高度和谐,从而实现城市体系整体实力的提升,最终实现城市群的可持续发展。基于城市群整合发展的中原地区城市体系结构优化的主要内容是:第一,用"城市中心性强度"法来划分中原城市群地区所有城市的等级,进而构建出4个等级城市体系的层次。第二,采用灰色系统GM(1 ,1)模型并根据人口的机械增长基础,求出各城市2020年非农业人口的优化指标。第三,运用纳尔逊(H.J.Nelson)统计分析原理和方法,确定各城市的优势职能、突出职能以及重点发展行业。第四,构建了"两圈、双核、四带、一个三角"的城市体系空间布局和功能发挥的整体框架。 相似文献
13.
14.
1 About "Living Fossil"Some things like stones turned from the bodies of ancient living beings underground are called "fossils" in archaeology. We can know the evolvement of living beings and make sure the age of the stratum by studying fossils[1].The city is one of the most important geographic phenomena engendered because of human activities. First of all, it is because of rarity that the historic cities in world heritage list are assimilated to "living fossils". They normally exerted grea… 相似文献
15.
LUTI模型的概念结构、实现方法及发展趋势 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
回顾了LUTI模型概念、起源和发展过程,对模型的一般架构和实现技术方法进行了系统的总结分析,在此基础上讨论了LUTI模型发展所面临的问题与挑战。研究发现,作为模拟城市空间发展过程常用的数学模型,LUTI模型是基于城市土地利用-交通相互作用规律,从社会经济活动空间分布的角度模拟城市空间演化过程。根据LUTI模型,城市空间演化过程是土地利用系统和交通系统不断的相互作用过程,其中交通模型根据城市活动空间分布及交通设施评价城市交通状况,而土地利用模型根据交通可达性和其他影响因素预测城市空间发展趋势;城市发展过程中城市活动空间分布在交通的作用下发生改变后,将改变城市房租、交通状况等因素,进而再次导致城市活动空间分布随之变化,如此不断相互作用、趋于平衡。LUTI在国外被广泛用于城市空间政策检验、辅助决策。就LUTI模型的发展而言,已有研究更多地侧重要解决的现实问题,而对模型的理论结构关注较少,导致模型的发展滞后于城市的发展。应用中面临的诸多问题要求LUTI模型理论上的进一步突破。将LUTI的工作原理植入城市研究的背景中,旨在让读者对LUTI模型原理、结构、实现技术及面临的问题有深入了解,推进LUTI模型在中国应用与发展。 相似文献
16.
城市是区域人口、产业等要素集聚的主要空间载体,系统揭示黄河流域城市建设用地结构演化及其驱动机制对于深入推进黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略落实具有重要意义。基于黄河流域2007—2019年城市建设用地数据,论文运用信息熵模型分析了黄河流域城市建设用地结构的时空演化特征,并用随机森林模型探讨其驱动机制。结果表明：(1) 2007—2019年,黄河流域城市建设用地面积快速增长,年均增速达5.34%,但城市建设用地结构信息熵不断降低,经历了“高位无序—相对稳定—低位有序”的变化过程;(2)黄河上、中、下游城市建设用地规模增速依次加大,年均增速分别达到3.91%、5.06%、6.22%;中游地区城市建设用地结构信息熵下降最多,上游地区和下游地区降幅相近;(3)黄河流域各类建设用地主要配置在省会及经济发达城市;黄河流域城市用地结构信息熵存在空间异质性,省会城市及经济发达城市建设用地结构信息熵存在降低趋势,而欠发达城市的信息熵逐步增大;(4)城市用地规模和城市人口规模对城市建设用地结构演化的作用最强,产业结构升级和财政支出规模的作用强度次之,经济发展水平和政策支持力度的作用较小,上中下游影响因子的... 相似文献
17.
18.
城市扩张是反映经济增长的重要指标,但随意的城市扩张也带来了严重的社会经济问题、环境问题以及城市土地管理问题。在这个背景下,理解城市扩张的过程对于指导城市的可持续增长具有重要意义。本研究采用基于遥感影像的监督分类方法,分析了甘达基流域内的两个大城市—博卡拉和巴拉普尔1990–2018年的城市用地变化。结果表明:在过去的28年,博卡拉和巴拉普尔的城市面积分别显著扩张了300%和近500%。人口增长、城市基础设施和便利的生活方式引起周边地区向城市的人口迁移,是造成本研究区城市扩张的主要原因。除此之外,不断变化的城市定义和城市边界的扩张是造成城市快速扩张的关键因素。由于上述两个城市拥有高水平的商业活动以及现代化的设施,未来城市规模可能继续扩大。应当通过城市规划和政策减少随意的城市扩张,从而实现城市的可持续发展。 相似文献
19.
Thomas J. Sigler 《Urban geography》2013,34(5):612-633
In a dynamic global economy, emergent configurations of capitalist production produce novel spatial assemblages and correspondingly unique geometries of power. The “global cities” literature frames these transformative processes in terms of hierarchical world urban systems, providing a clear theoretical path to understanding the local implications of global spatial restructuring. This article develops the concept of the “relational city” as a transnational urbanist approach to understanding a particular subset of cities that are emblematic of the spatial transformations manifest through advanced capitalism. Relational cities are those constituted through globally critical flows of capital, goods, and ideas, and whose economies are dedicated to intermediary services such as offshore banking, container- and bulk-shipping, and regional re-exportation. Similar to gateway cities and entrepôts, relational cities are found eccentrically at one end of a fan-shaped network, connecting the global economy with a regional economic matrix. Drawing upon Doha, Dubai, and Panama City as illustrative case studies, this article suggests a new way of understanding urban change in a global context while simultaneously moving beyond the recurrent focus on the top-tier financial world cities of the Global North. 相似文献
20.
《地理学报(英文版)》2019,(8)
With the rapid development of knowledge economy, a number of important shifts are emerging in urbanization pattern across the world. Traditional urbanization theory has become hard to interpret these changes on a global scale, and "innovation" is a core concept to explain the new changes of the urbanization dynamics. As one of the important contents of urban geography, urbanization dynamic needs to turn from the general population flows between rural and urban areas into emphasizing high skilled migrants flow among cities and regions research. Against this background, we propose a conception of innovation-based urbanization. Using this concept, this study analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of high skilled migrants and cultural diversity on urban innovation in China, based on the data of the sixth census of 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China. This study measures the extent to which highly skilled migrants and cultural diversity increase urban innovation, by using spatial Durbin method to construct urban innovation regression model, to support the concept of innovation-based urbanization. The result shows that: first of all, the concept of innovation-based urbanization conforms to the development of knowledge economy, which emphasizes the migration process of highly skilled labor to cities. It helps to promote the changes in urban functions and landscapes and the expansion of urban knowledge activities, which undelines new dynamics of urban development, innovative landscape. Secondly, innovation urbanization based on highly skilled migrants flow is an important driving force for the development of Chinese cities, especially for eastern coastal cities and capital cities. Thirdly, the scale of highly skilled migrants flow and the level of urban cultural diversity in China both have been demonstrated of having positive effect on urban innovation output. With other conditions unchanged, a 10% increase in the number of urban highly skilled migrants and urban cultural diversity will directly result in an increase of 3% and 2% in urban innovation output respectively. This research has deepened our understanding and awareness of the openness and dynamics of the regional innovation system, and it has also provided an important theoretical basis for the formulation of urbanization and urban development policy under knowledge economy. 相似文献