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1.
Li Baosheng Dong Guangrong Zhang Jiasheng Li Sen Jin Heling Chen Huizhong Wen Xiangle Wang Yao Zhu Yizhi 《《地质学报》英文版》1995,8(3):317-328
At least at the beginning of the last glacial epoch, the facies belts of dune sand, sandy loam and loess formed by winds had existed in the Taklimakan desert and areas south of it. There were no appreciable changes in the NE and NW wind systems and their wind forces that deposited dune sand, sandy loam and loess in the global cold stage since the last glacial epoch; accordingly no marked shifts of the boundaries of these aeolian facies belts took place. In the global warm stage since then, the climate in the Taklimakan desert and areas south of it became warm and dry, resulting in ablation of substantial volumes of ice and snow in their surrounding mountains and thus forming alluvial and diluvial deposits in the region. The alluvial-diluvial actions, however, failed to change the general framework of aeolian facies belts. 相似文献
2.
3.
Le-ping Yue Li-rong Yang Zhi-pei Li Min Wang Wei-ji Zhang Hao-gang Nie 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(7):1197-1201
In this paper, nine sediment sequences in the inner desert, desert-loess transitional zone (agro-pastoral transitional zone)
and the northern margin of the Loess Plateau were investigated to study the sediments of Mu Us (Maowusu) and Otindaq (Hunshandake)
sandy land in northern China since the last glaciation. All of these sequences consisted of the upper Holocene dark paleosol
and the lower aeolian sand formed during the last glacial stage. The Mu Us and Otindaq sandy land became the active desert
since the last glaciation and covered a larger sandy area than at present. Mu Us sandy land began to show a landform of sandy
desert and expanded southward towards the northern boundaries of the Loess Plateau. The Holocene was characterized by the
advent of warmer and wetter climatic conditions in northern China, resulting in the rapid growth of surface vegetation and
Mu Us and Otindaq sandy land became a steppe. The thickness of surface soil reached up to as much as 50–80 cm. Thick paleosol
covered the drift sands, and served as a protective layer for the steppe and farmland. Although the last glacial cycle is
far away, paleo-aeolian sands formed during that period are still the material sources of regional desertification. Unreasonable
cultivation destroying the Holocene paleosol, combined with dry climate and strong wind would result in activation of paleo-
aeolian sand leading to the desertification of the study areas. 相似文献
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5.
文章根据对萨拉乌苏河地区第四纪地层中的碎屑矿物分析结果,将重矿物按其抗化学风化的能力不同分为不稳定、较稳定、稳定和极稳定四种类型,不同层位的重矿物类型的百分含量不同,从而可求出重矿物的风化系数HW。不同时期地层的HW不同,而HW的大小变化与化学风化的程度有很大关系,一般来说,化学风化作用强,HW相应变小。而化学风化作用的强弱又主要受气候的影响,从而可推测该时期气候环境的变化。 相似文献
6.
Radiocarbon‐dated palaeontological remains and bedding features suggests that climatic changes in the northern Taklimakan Desert since the beginning of the Holocene can be divided into four stages: (i) 12 000–10 000 BP, a cool–to temperate–dry climate resulting in apparent alluvial–fluvial and weak aeolian activities; (ii) 10 000–8000 BP, a dry cold climate, resulting in large‐scale sand dune activity under regional desert expansion; (iii) 8000–3000 BP dry, warm climate, with a decreased area of shifting sand and the fixation of many sand dunes; (iv) 3000 BP to present, rising aeolian activity resulting in sandstorms, under the combined influence of climatic warming and excessive exploitation of land and water resources. Holocene deposits from profiles in the Northern Taklimakan Desert consist mainly of fine‐grained aeolian sand and silty clay. The fine aeolian sand was formed from re‐sorting of aeolian sand during the cold period of the Holocene, while the silty clay was formed by flood deposition in the Holocene warm period. The desert and desert steppe arboreal species and high CaCO3 content of the warm period strata suggest that the Holocene climate in the area, although generally dry, varied between warm/dry and cold/dry, and, especially in recent times, has become increasingly dry. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
塔克拉玛干沙漠北部平原区全新世沉积与气候变化的关系--以肖塘剖面为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过塔克拉玛干沙漠北部平原区典型地层剖面（肖塘剖面）沉积物粒度及元素特征的分析，揭示了本区域全新世以来气候变化的基本规律。沉积物主要由河流冲积作用形成的粘粒层与风力作用所形成的砂粒层组成。粘粒物质与现代河流相特征相一致，砂粒物质与现代流沙性质相类同。沉积层位中元素的迁移转化状况与沉积时期气候ｋ水文条件密切相关。全球性气候波动与地处内陆封闭盆地的协同影响，产生了本区多风、干燥、冷干与暖干相互交替的轮回气候。 相似文献
8.
位于现代季风区边缘的沙漠－黄土边界带，具有高度不稳定性。末次间冰期以来历经多次北进南退移动和暖湿、冷干变化。依据古风成砂－黄土－古土壤叠覆更替的沉积序列和磁化率等气候代用指标分析，对末次间冰期以来，尤其是特征时期边界带的位置进行了讨论。其中，盛冰期时移动幅度最大，南界可能达３０°Ｎ左右；末次间冰期和全新世气候鼎盛期最靠西北，南界在古长城以北。全球冰期－间冰期波动导致的气候变化以及东亚冬夏季风强弱变化是控制边界带移动和气候变化的根本因素。 相似文献
9.
酒坊台剖面位于萨拉乌苏河流域下游,其中末次间冰阶以来主要为风成砂沉积,间夹砂质古土壤和湖沼相粘土层等,对环境信息有良好的记录。OSL年龄结果表明该剖面顶部记录了末次冰期间冰阶(约52 ka B.P.)以来的气候演化历史。通过对剖面高精度的粒度和磁化率分析,结合Rb、Sr元素含量及其比值综合分析,表明末次冰期间冰阶以来该剖面自上而下可划分为3个主要层段,对应了深海氧同位素MIS 1~3。同时在MIS 3阶段呈现出明显的MIS 3a、3b、3c亚段,结合区域研究资料,表明萨拉乌苏河流域在中—长时间尺度上,对全球性和区域性气候事件有良好的沉积响应。 相似文献
10.
Yi Yang Bao-sheng Li Shi-fan Qiu Zheng Wu Quan-zhou Gao Yun-zhuo Li 《Geochemistry International》2008,46(1):96-103
This paper analyzes the contents of 16 trace elements in the strata of the Chagelebulu Stratigraphic Section, Badain Jaran Desert, since 150 kyr B.P. and discovered that both the contents of the relatively stable elements, such as P, Mn, Zr, Cr, Pb, Rb, Nb, Y, and the relatively active elements, such as V, Sr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As fluctuated with the sedimentary cycles composed of 25 aeolian dune sands, loess, paleosols, lacustrine facies, alluvial, and colluvial sandy gravels, showing 25 cycles of low-high variation and a fluctuant jagged graph of chemical elements’ migration and accumulation. The lower contents of the elements in the aeolian sands show the erosion, migration and deposition of wind power in a cold and arid climate. The relative accumulation of sandy-gravel layers, especially the lacustrine facies, loess, and paleosols correlates with the section’s position in the special depression relief with a background of warm and humid climate. The above-mentioned variational characteristics were mainly caused by 25 cycles of arid-cold, windy, and warm-humid climatic fluctuation on the southern fringe of the Badain Jaran Desert since 150 kyr B.P. The essential reason bears a relationship with the back and force swing of the East Asia winter monsoon and summer monsoon influenced by climatic vicissitudes during the glacial and interglacial periods. 相似文献
11.
Eduard A. Koster 《第四纪科学杂志》1988,3(1):69-83
Although partly active aeolian sand sheets and dunes cover large areas in the zones of (dis)continuous permafrost, little precise information is available about the influence of cold-climate conditions on modern aeolian processes. This means that palaeoenvironmental reconstructions in the stabilised, mainly Late Pleistocene dune fields and cover sand regions in the ‘sand belts’ of the European Lowlands and the Northern Great Plains of the USA and Canada, are necessarily still based on ancient evidence. Cold-climate wind deposits are typically derived from areas of abundant sediment supply like unvegetated flood plains, glacial outwash plains, till plains and lake shores. The common parabolic and transverse dune forms resemble those observed in temperate regions. Although a variety of periglacial features has been identified in Late Pleistocene dune and cover sands none of them indicate that permafrost is crucial to aeolian activity. Specific structures in aeolian strata permit tentative interpretation of the moisture content of depositional sand surfaces, the nature of annual sedimentation cycles and the processes by which strata were deposited and/or contorted. But surprisingly little is known about the role of vegetation in the process of sand accumulation. Dunes are most informative with respect to reconstructions of past wind regimes, which offer important data for verification of palaeoclimatic simulations. 相似文献
12.
LI Baosheng David Dian ZHANG ZHOU Xingjia ZHU Feng YUAN Baoyin MU Guijin LI Sen YAN Mancun JIN Heling GAO Quanzhou SUN Wu 《《地质学报》英文版》2002,76(2):221-228
Based on investigation of sediments in the Yutian-Hotan Oasis at the southern margin of the Tarim basin, 14C ages and grain-size and chemical element analyses, the following views are put forward in this paper.(1) Sediments in the Yutian-Hotan Oasis are composed chiefly of "oasis soil", similar to the recent oasis soil, i.e. brown desert soil, which was formed due to pedogenesis after aeolian sand (sandy loam) and dust (loess) of 3.32-6.64 were deposited.(2) The ancient Yutian-Hotan Oasis represented by oasis soil was formed at 13000 a B.P. During the cold period of the past 13000 years, this region is characterized mainly by accumulation of sand and dust storms, and sandy oasis soil was developed in this region due to pedogenesis in an oasis environment; during the warm period, dust falls predominated along with certain current concomitants (lacustrine facies), and silty oasis soil was formed by pedogenesis. Owing to fluctuations of cold and warm climates since 13000 a B.P., sandy oasis soil was deposi 相似文献
13.
The sand–loess transition zone in north China is sensitive to climate change, and is an ideal place to investigate past environmental changes. However, past climate change at millennial–centennial timescales in this region has not been well reconstructed because of limited numerical dating. Alternations of sandy loam soils with aeolian sand layers in the Mu Us and Otindag sand fields, which lie along the sand–loess transition zone, indicate multiple intervals of dune activity and stability. This change is probably a response to variations of the East Asian monsoon climate during the late Quaternary. The single aliquot regeneration (SAR) optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating protocol, which has been successfully applied to aeolian deposits worldwide, is applied to these two sand fields in this study. The OSL ages provide reliable constraints for reconstruction of past climate changes at suborbital timescale. Sections in both sand fields contain aeolian sand beds recording millennial‐scale episodes of dry climate and widespread dune activation, including episodes at about the same time as Heinrich Event 5 and the Younger Dryas in the North Atlantic region. These results demonstrate the potential of aeolian sediments in semi‐arid north China to record millennial‐scale climatic events, and also suggest that dry–wet climate variation at the desert margin in China may be linked to climatic change elsewhere in the Northern Hemisphere, through atmospheric circulation. This article was published online on 27 November 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected (16 December 2008). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Geochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological studies on the Taklimakan Desert sands 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Major-element composition, mineral composition and grain-size distribution have been studied for Quaternary aeolian sediments from the Taklimakan Desert, north-western China, together with the variation of chemical and mineralogical compositions of different grain-size fractions. Aeolian sediments from the Taklimakan Desert have higher ratios of feldspar/quartz and calcite/quartz, finer grain size, poorer roundness of quartz and feldspar grains and lower abundances of frosted quartz, than found in aeolian sediments from other deserts such as the Saudi Arabian Desert. In spite of these immature mineralogical and sedimentological features, the aeolian sediments from the Taklimakan Desert show low regional variations in major-element and mineral compositions and are homogenized. These observations confirm that two processes, glacial activity within surrounding mountains and aeolian activity at the Tarim Basin, are important in the homogenization of the Taklimakan Desert sands. Taklimakan Desert sediments are constantly and effectively supplied from basement rocks in the surrounding mountains by glacial erosion. The supplied sediments are further homogenized by aeolian activity in the desert and are partly blown away, serving as the source of Chinese aeolian loess. Compositional differences are observed between loess (mainly 10–40 μm particles) and the <45 μm fraction of the Taklimakan Desert sediments, as well as between loess and whole rock of the Taklimakan Desert sediments. These observations provide constraints for precise modelling of loess formation, and for assessment of the chemical composition of the upper continental crust based on the chemical composition of aeolian loess. 相似文献
15.
《Quaternary Science Reviews》2002,21(7):811-817
Five lateral sand–loess–palaeosol continua occur within the last glacial sediments of the central Loess Plateau of China along a 500 km north to south climatic gradient. The continua shift southward or northward in concert with desert expansion or contraction, respectively. Lateral lithofacies (desert sand to loess) variations are evident at the north end of the gradient and follow Walther's Law of the correlation of facies. Lateral pedofacies (loess to palaeosol) variations are present near the south end of the gradient, where the climate was warmer and wetter. The lateral stratigraphic changes from sand to loess or loess to soil are driven by variations in the rate of sedimentation along a climatic gradient.Vertical stratigraphic profiles at the north end of the gradient reveal alternating sand and loess beds. In contrast, alternating loess and palaeosols occur within the same stratigraphic interval in the southern Loess Plateau, where dust accretion rates were lower. However, in high resolution studies of climate change vertical profiles of alternating loess and palaeosols (especially weak palaeosols) may not reflect regional or global climate change. Alternating loess and weak palaeosols may reflect local variations in the balance between the rates of dust accretion and pedogenesis. Local fluctuations in either of these rates could result in the presence of time equivalent loess and palaeosols at high resolutions. Thus, some of the high resolution loess-palaeosol alternations may reflect local climatic variation rather than global or hemispherical climate change. 相似文献
16.
渤海古沙漠沉积特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据世界沙漠的分布特点和沙漠的发育条件,作者认为晚更新世末期渤海气候干冷,雨量稀少,西北风强盛,松散沉积物丰富,具备发育沙漠的条件.文章从以下方面证明渤海古沙漠的存在:(1)渤海约有四分之一区域为残留砂沉积;(2)在全新世盖层下的更新世砂质沉积具有高倾角的前积纹层;(3)渤海东南缘陆地和岛屿有古渤海沙漠衍生黄土分布.综合分析认为末次冰期时,渤海中部和辽东湾古沙漠发育程度好,渤海湾次之,莱州湾未发育沙漠. 相似文献
17.
我国北方上更新统城川组的建立 总被引：38，自引：1，他引：38
在传统认为属河湖相沉积的萨拉乌苏组,经研究在其上部划分出一套以风成砂沉积为主的城川组。城川组风成砂与马兰黄土是同期风力分异出来的产物;城川组的沉积相、沉积环境和古生物与其下的萨拉乌苏组是不同的。萨拉乌苏河流域的城川组,马兰黄土形成于晚更新世晚期,萨拉乌苏组为晚更新世早期;前者相当于玉木冰期,推测年代距今70000a。 相似文献
18.
Optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) study on sand and fossil soils from Hulun Buir Dunefield in Eastern China is reported in this paper. Aeolian dune sequences responded to the climate change by alternations of aeolian sand and dark sandy soils, which corresponded to arid and humid conditions, respectively. Optical dating using the single aliquot regeneration technique with quartz was applied to the deposits. The results indicate that the soils and underlying aeolian sand correspond to the Holocene optimum (HO) and the last late glacial, respectively. Combined with studies of OSL dating of 13 profiles and grain-size, magnetic susceptibility, total organic carbon, sediment color and scanning electron microscopy measurements for two representative sections, indicate the expansion in the last late glacial sand was 10 times that of today. The dune field was not totally stabilized by vegetation cover until HO (10–5 ka BP). 相似文献
19.
本文分析研究了昆仑山北坡克里雅河流域风成物质的粒度特征。该流域四大地貌景观带的地表沉积物表层样品的机械组成差别明显,黄土的粒度组成以粉砂为主,比我国黄河中游地区的黄土粗得多,亚砂土的主要成分为微砂,沙漠地区以细砂为主。除戈壁带以"非地"形式出现以外,由沙漠中心向南至昆仑山,在西北风和东北风的作用下,风成物质的粒度由粗变细。流域出露的黄土主要是在晚更新世和全新世沉积的。 相似文献
20.
JUAN PEDRO RODRÍGUEZ‐LÓPEZ NIEVES MELÉNDEZ POPPE L. DE BOER ANA ROSA SORIA 《Sedimentology》2008,55(5):1253-1292
The existence of a mid‐Cretaceous erg system along the western Tethyan margin (Iberian Basin, Spain) was recently demonstrated based on the occurrence of wind‐blown desert sands in coeval shallow marine deposits. Here, the first direct evidence of this mid‐Cretaceous erg in Europe is presented and the palaeoclimate and palaeoceanographic implications are discussed. The aeolian sand sea extended over an area of 4600 km2. Compound crescentic dunes, linear draa and complex aeolian dunes, sand sheets, wet, dry and evaporitic interdunes, sabkha deposits and coeval extradune lagoonal deposits form the main architectural elements of this desert system that was located in a sub‐tropical arid belt along the western Tethyan margin. Sub‐critically climbing translatent strata, grain flow and grain fall deposits, pin‐stripe lamination, lee side dune wind ripples, soft‐sediment deformations, vertebrate tracks, biogenic traces, tubes and wood fragments are some of the small‐scale structures and components observed in the aeolian dune sandstones. At the boundary between the aeolian sand sea and the marine realm, intertonguing of aeolian deposits and marine facies occurs. Massive sandstone units were laid down by mass flow events that reworked aeolian dune sands during flooding events. The cyclic occurrence of soft sediment deformation is ascribed to intermittent (marine) flooding of aeolian dunes and associated rise in the water table. The aeolian erg system developed in an active extensional tectonic setting that favoured its preservation. Because of the close proximity of the marine realm, the water table was high and contributed to the preservation of the aeolian facies. A sand‐drift surface marks the onset of aeolian dune construction and accumulation, whereby aeolian deposits cover an earlier succession of coastal coal deposits formed in a more humid period. A prominent aeolian super‐surface forms an angular unconformity that divides the aeolian succession into two erg sequences. This super‐surface formed in response to a major tectonic reactivation in the basin, and also marks the change in style of aeolian sedimentation from compound climbing crescentic dunes to aeolian draas. The location of the mid‐Cretaceous palaeoerg fits well to both the global distribution of other known Cretaceous erg systems and with current palaeoclimate data that suggest a global cooling period and a sea‐level lowstand during early mid‐Cretaceous times. The occurrence of a sub‐tropical coastal erg in the mid‐Cretaceous of Spain correlates with the exposure of carbonate platforms on the Arabian platform during much of the Late Aptian to Middle Albian, and is related to this eustatic sea‐level lowstand. 相似文献