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1.
红河平原在新生代期间受印度板块、欧亚板块和太平洋板块三大板块的影响,其构造应力场复杂多样.通过研究红河平原新生代构造应力场的变化规律,确定在新生代早期红河平原地区的构造应力场特点为东西的挤压应力场与左旋走滑机制,晚期则转变为南北的挤压应力场与右旋走滑机制,且右旋走滑作用在东南部地区呈增加趋势.红河平原区的这种构造应力场的变化为对红河三角洲的形成和发展提供了条件,控制了红河平原地区的现代构造活动特征. 相似文献
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天山北缘晚新生代快速变形时间的确定及其成藏意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
生长地层分析及区域研究成果表明天山北缘冲断带晚新生代快速变形主要形成于10～7Ma以来。10Ma以来准南前陆冲断带持续扩展,形成现今地表可见的三排褶皱冲断带,其构造形成时间明显晚于天山南缘,显示印-藏碰撞引起的区域构造变形由南向北传播的特征。10Ma以来的变形强度显示天山北缘乌鲁木齐以西—齐古背斜地区的构造变形相对较弱,向两侧剥蚀作用、构造变形有所增强。晚新生代快速变形与晚期成藏匹配良好,决定冲断带前缘是油气成藏的有利部位,而山前构造带的剥蚀、隆升强烈,构造变形较弱的构造(带)应是早期成藏得以保存的有利部位。 相似文献
3.
Tectonic studies near major fault zones often reveal multiple tectonic regimes. Do these regimes indicate multiphase tectonism with distinct episodes, or do they reflect single‐phase tectonism with time‐space perturbations along lithospheric weakness zones? Based on tectonic analyses in Flateyjarskagi, North Iceland, we reconstruct the late Cenozoic tectonic regimes related to right‐lateral transform motion along the Tjörnes Fracture Zone, which connects the Kolbeinsey Ridge and the North Iceland Rift. Rifting and transform motion have induced eight normal and strike‐slip regimes, four of which are inconsistent with the overall kinematics (as a probable result of stress drop, elastic rebound and dyke injection). For the consistent regimes, contrasting angles between extension and transform trends reflect repeated changes from moderate (25°) to very low mechanical coupling (85°) across the transform zone. Thus, the tectonic regimes need not be interpreted in terms of numerous tectonic episodes but rather as a consequence of variable coupling across the transform zone. 相似文献
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Ailaoshan orogenic belt located at the northeastern margin of the Indochina block, southeastern Tibet, was formed by subduction and collision between the Indochina and South China blocks in Triassic and slip shearing resulted from the extrusion of the Indochina block in Cenozoic. The high‐pressure pelitic granulite is located at the southeastern margin of the Ailaoshan metamorphic belt, occurs as a slice of about 500～700m in thickness, consists of garnet, sillimanite, feldspar, biotite and quartz with accessory of kyanite, sapphirine, spinel, rutile, ilmenite, zircon and apatite. The petrography and mineral chemistry show that the high‐pressure pelitic granulite had suffered three stages of metamorphism: 1) the prograde metamorphism recorded by the mineral assemblage of garnet, kyanite, feldspar, biotite and rutile; 2) the peak metamorphism shown by the mineral assemblage of garnet, sillimanite, sapphirine, ternary feldspar, K‐feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, spinel, quartz, rutile and zircon mantle; 3) the retrograde metamorphism recorded by the mineral assemblage of biotite, muscovite, plagioclase, quartz and zircon rim. Zircon SHRIMP U‐Pb dating indicates that the protolith of the pelite granulite was deposited before 336 Ma, the prograde to peak metamorphism occurred at P‐T conditions of ≥10.4 kbar at 850～919 °C in 235 Ma, and the retrograde metamorphism occurred at the P‐T condition of 3.5～3.9 kbar at 572～576 °C until to 33 Ma. They are consistent with the times of Indochina separated from Gondwanaland during late Paleozoic, the amalgamation of the south China and Indochina blocks during the Triassic, and the sinistral slip‐shearing since the Early Cenozoic respectively. It is inferred that that the sedimentary rock was subducted to the lower continental crust (30 km) and suffered granulite‐facies metamorphism due to the collision during Indosinian, then exhumed quickly to middle‐upper crust (10–12km) and superimposed retrograde metamorphism since the Cenozoic. 相似文献
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S. A. Kasatkin Phung Van Phach Le Duc Anh V. V. Golozubov 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2017,11(6):408-420
Studies of ductile dislocations of the Jurassic terrigenous deposits and faulting kinematics of the Cretaceous injective structures in the Dalat zone show that the volcano-plutonic belt of southeastern Vietnam was formed under NE-striking sinistral dislocations affected by NNW transpression. This deformation took place in similar conditions as for the Cretaceous structure of the eastern margin of Asia. Due to the Indo-Eurasian collision, since the Cenozoic the Indo-Sinian Block has been displaced toward the southeast by a distance of more than 500 km from its primary position, causing transformation of the previously formed Cretaceous structures. Thus, the Cenozoic tectonogenesis in southeastern Vietnam should be studied with regard to the previous Cretaceous tectonic deformation. 相似文献
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XIANG Kun XUE Chuandong YANG Tiannan XIE Zhipeng XIN Di JIANG Lili LAI Ruijuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(4):857-873
The tectonic setting of Cretaceous granitoids in the southeastern Tibet Plateau, east of the Eastern Himalaya Syntax, is debated. Exploration and mining of the Laba Mo–Cu porphyry-type deposit in the area has revealed Late Cretaceous granites. New and previously published zircon U–Pb dating indicate that the Laba granite crystallized at 89–85 Ma. Bulk-rock geochemistry, Sr–Nd isotopic data and in situ zircon Hf isotopic data indicate that the granite is adakitic and was formed by partial melting of thickened lower crust. The Ca, Fe, and Al contents decrease with increasing SiO2 content.These and other geochemical characteristics indicate that fractional crystallization of garnet under high-pressure conditions resulted in the adakitic nature of the Laba granite. Cretaceous granitoids are widespread throughout the Tibetan Plateau including its southeastern area, forming an intact curved belt along the southern margin of Eurasia. This belt is curved due to indenting by the Indian continent during Cenozoic, but strikes parallel to both the Indus–Yarlung suture zone and the Main Frontal Thrust belt. It is therefore likely that Cretaceous granitoids in both the Gangdese and southeastern Tibetan Plateau areas resulted from subduction of Neo-Tethyan lithosphere. 相似文献
8.
青藏高原新生代地壳变形对同碰撞岩浆侵位的制约 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
同碰撞岩浆作用是青藏高原新生代构造-岩浆活动的一种重要形式，各种类型岩浆岩广泛分布于高原内不同的构造单元中，其中有的来自地幔，不过规模都不大，它们是如何穿过异常厚的地壳侵位到近地表或喷出地表，这还是个未解之谜。根据构造分析，这些岩浆岩均侵位于新生代向斜构造中，例如侵入于高原东南边缘的楚雄复向斜、兰坪．思茅复向斜和老君山向斜的碱性岩，侵入于高原南缘的北喜马拉雅拉轨岗日向斜的片麻状花岗岩以及喷出于高原北部巴颜喀拉和雁石坪复向斜的安山-玄武岩。文中通过一个力学模式，说明这些岩浆岩的侵位受控于地壳应力场特征，即：向斜构造的下部承受的是张应力，地壳发生减薄和张裂，下地壳或上地幔熔融物质以此为通道发生向上的侵位。不过，因向斜顶部地壳承受的是挤压应力，地壳发生挤压缩短，所以只有少量岩浆能侵位到近地表并发生变形。与此相反，背斜构造的下部地壳产生的是挤压应力，阻止了下伏地壳内岩浆的侵入。因此，岩浆的侵位一般不会沿背斜发生。这一力学机制解释了为什么青藏高原规模很小的同碰撞岩浆能穿过异常厚的地壳沿一系列向斜构造侵位到近地表或喷出地表的原因。 相似文献
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New kinematic and structural data from the tectonic windows of eastern Crete and the Dodecanese Islands combined with strain and quartz fabric analysis have enabled us to determine a detailed structural evolution of the region and to present a plate tectonic scenario for the southeast Hellenides. During the Early Mesozoic, the southeastern part of Apulia was separated from North Africa and the adjacent microplates by WNW‐trending rift zones and NE‐trending transfer faults. Displacement along the transfer faults has locally reoriented these rift zones into an ENE–WSW direction. Finite strain and quartz fabric asymmetry data indicate that in Late Cenozoic time, NNW‐directed nappe movements caused a nearly coaxial deformation along the ENE–WSW trending rift segments and non coaxial top‐to‐the‐southeast shearing along the WNW‐trending rift segments, as well as along the pre‐existing NE‐trending transfer faults. Tectonic style along the margin varies in response to the obliquity of the principal shortening direction with respect to the margin. These variations could be due to the pre‐convergence geometry of the southern margin of Eurasia and to local strain partitioning effects. Furthermore, a tectonic model is presented in which syncompressional uplift and vertical buoyancy of the subducted crustal slice caused the rapid exhumation of metamorphic units in the south Hellenides. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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DMITRIENKO Liudmila V. WANG Pengcheng LI Sanzhong CAO Xianzhi Ian SOMERVILLE ZHOU Zaizheng HU Mengying SUO Yanhui GUO Lingli WANG Yongming LI Xiyao LIU Xin YU Shengyao ZHU Junjiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(2):814-849
The East Asian geological setting has a long duration related to the superconvergence of the Paleo‐Asian, Tethyan and Paleo‐Pacific tectonic domains. The Triassic Indosinian Movement contributed to an unified passive continental margin in East Asia. The later ophiolites and I‐type granites associated with subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate in the Late Triassic, suggest a transition from passive to active continental margins. With the presence of the ongoing westward migration of the Paleo‐Pacific Subduction Zone, the sinistral transpressional stress field could play an important role in the intraplate deformation in East Asia during the Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic, being characterized by the transition from the E‐W‐trending structural system controlled by the Tethys and Paleo‐Asian oceans to the NE‐trending structural system caused by the Paleo‐Pacific Ocean subduction. The continuously westward migration of the subduction zones resulted in the transpressional stress field in East Asia marked by the emergence of the Eastern North China Plateau and the formation of the Andean‐type active continental margin from late Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (160‐135 Ma), accompanied by the development of a small amount of adakites. In the Late Cretaceous (135‐90 Ma), due to the eastward retreat of the Paleo‐Pacific Subduction Zone, the regional stress field was replaced from sinistral transpression to transtension. Since a large amount of late‐stage adakites and metamorphic core complexes developed, the Andean‐type active continental margin was destroyed and the Eastern North China Plateau started to collapse. In the Late Cretaceous, the extension in East Asia gradually decreased the eastward retreat of the Paleo‐Pacific subduction zones. Futhermore, a significant topographic inversion had taken place during the Cenozoic that resulted from a rapid uplift of the Tibet Plateau resulting from the India‐Eurasian collision and the formation of the Bohai Bay Basin and other basins in the East Asian continental margin. The inversion caused a remarkable eastward migration of deformation, basin formation and magmatism. Meanwhile, the basins that mainly developed in the Paleogene resulted in a three‐step topography which typically appears to drop eastward in altitude. In the Neogene, the basins underwent a rapid subsidence in some depressions after basin‐controlled faulting, as well as the intracontinental extensional events in East Asia, and are likely to be a contribution to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
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青藏高原东南缘新生代以来的演化是认识高原向东扩展的关键。位于该区的金河—箐河断裂带总体呈NE向展布,现今表现为左行走滑特征。最新的野外地质调查发现,金河—箐河断裂带的北段发育一套具有典型韧性剪切变形特征的糜棱岩,其原岩为泥盆纪的火山凝灰岩和中—上元古界的流纹质火山岩。剪切带的显微构造特征及岩层的变形特征指示断裂带发生了右旋剪切变形。对剪切带内特征矿物显微构造分析,结合EBSD测试限定整条韧性剪切带的变形温度为~400℃。目前对这期右行走滑的时代缺乏研究,结合区域相关资料,推断其可能发生在晚始新世—早中新世。这对于完善和认识青藏高原东南缘新生代早期的构造变形具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Y. H. Suo S. Z. Li S. J. Zhao I. D. Somerville S. Yu L. M. Dai L. Q. Xu X. Z. Cao P. C. Wang 《Geological Journal》2015,50(2):139-156
The East China Sea basins, located in the West Pacific Continental Margin (WPCM) since the late Mesozoic, mainly include the East China Sea Shelf Basin (ECSSB) and the Okinawa Trough (OT). The WPCM and its adjacent seas can be tectonically divided into five units from west to east, including the Min‐Zhe Uplift, ECSSB, the Taiwan–Sinzi Belt, OT, and the Ryukyu Island Arc, which record regional tectonic evolution and geodynamics. Among those tectonic units, the ECSSB and the OT are important composite sedimentary pull‐apart basins, which experienced two stages of strike‐slip pull‐apart processes. In seismic profiles, the ECSSB and the OT show a double‐layer architecture with an upper half‐graben overlapping on a lower graben. In planar view, the ECSSB and the OT are characterized by faulted blocks from south to north in the early Cenozoic and by a zonation from west to east in the late Cenozoic. The faulted blocks with planar zonation and two‐layer vertical architecture entirely jumped eastward from the Min‐Zhe Uplift to the OT during the late Cenozoic. In addition, the whole palaeogeomorphology of the ECSSB changed notably, from pre‐Cenozoic highland or mountain into a Late Eocene continental margin with east‐tilting topography caused by the eastward tectonic jumping. The OT opened to develop into a back‐arc basin until the Miocene. Synthetic surface geological studies in the China mainland reveal that the Mesozoic tectonic setting of the WPCM is an Andean‐type continental margin developing many sinistral strike‐slip faults and pull‐apart basins and the Cenozoic tectonic setting of the WPCM is a Japanese‐type continental margin developing dextral strike‐slip faults and pull‐apart basins. Thus, the WPCM underwent a transition from Andean‐type to Japanese‐type continental margins at about 80 Ma (Late Cretaceous) and a transition in topography from a Mesozoic highland to a Cenozoic lowland, and then to below sea‐level basins. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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柴达木盆地西南缘与之毗邻的阿达滩盆地对周边造山带构造应力场的变化响应敏感,并有较多的地质记录。中新生代以后,其与阿尔金断裂带同处于统一左行走滑剪切应力场作用之下,构造形迹保存较好。通过对盆地内沉积建造、断裂系性质及区域构造特征的识别分析,推断柴达木盆地西南缘在始新世时构造活动处于南北向挤压环境,而渐新世后则转换为左行平移构造应力之下。推测柴达木西南缘在三维空间上应当存在着来自塔里木地块斜向上的推挤力。通过盆地沉积及构造序列分析,初步建立了该区晚古近纪构造运动阶段性演化模式。 相似文献
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A. O. B. Franco-Magalhaes M. A. A. Cuglieri P. C. Hackspacher A. R. Saad 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2014,103(2):441-453
Zircon (ZFT) and apatite (AFT) fission-track low-temperature thermochronology was applied at the Brazilian passive continental margin in order to understand and reconstruct the post-rift evolution since the breakup of southwestern Gondwana. The thermochronological data obtained from samples of both the Precambrian basement and the Paleogene to Neogene sedimentary rocks from the continental rift of southeastern Brazil provided ZFT ages between 148 (15) and 64 (6) Ma, and AFT ages of 81 (8)–29 (3) Ma. These data clearly indicate syn- and post-rift reactivations during the Early Cretaceous, with great emphasis on Paleogene to Neogene times. Integrating the results of older thermochronological studies, the reactivation of the southeastern Brazilian margin can be described in three main phases related to the rift to post-rift evolution of SE Brazil. In general, ZFT and AFT data yield spread values that become younger as samples are closer to the reactivated Neoproterozoic shear zones and might reflect source area exhumation. The analysis of ZFT and AFT data allowed interpretations regarding the main phases that occurred in the study area related to the thermotectonic and tectono-stratigraphic evolution in southeastern Brazil. 相似文献
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中国西南部新生代陆内转换造山带 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年研究表明，位于青藏高原东部的松潘－甘孜造山带和三江造山带，新生代时期地壳隆升急剧，构造作用显著，岩浆活动突出，相应的成矿作用丰富多彩。据此，作者认为这是一次遍及全区的重要陆内造山作用，从而在原中生代造山带基础上更新形成现今呈南北向的新生代造山带。鉴于它具有处于大陆转换带构造位置、遭受双向挤压应力、显著的走滑断层活动以及构造－地貌三分性等特征，作者建议统命为大横断陆内转换造山带。最后，作者初步提出该造山带的双向造山动力学模式。 相似文献
16.
Zhengle Chen Zongxiu Wang Fengbin Han Wengao Zhang Qing Zhang Zhenju Zhou 《International Geology Review》2018,60(8):1019-1037
The Mesozoic to Cenozoic mountain uplift, exhumation, and deformation of the SW Tianshan Mountains (Kyrgyzstan and Northwest China) offer an important window to understand the intra-continental rejuvenation mechanism of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), as response to the far-field effects of the India-Asia collision. This article presents new observation and data for the planation surface and sedimentation and deformation features of the regional intermountain basins to rebuild the orogenic history in Mesozoic to Cenozoic. Three planation surfaces were recognized by field observation, showing that the mountain may have experienced lengthy erosion since the end Cretaceous, and a continuous planation surface may have formed at the Eocene to Oligocene. The filling sequences and deformation character revealed that the orogenic disintegrate and intermountain basin formation likely began in the end of Oligocene. Subsequently, the uniform planation surface in Western Tianshan may have begun to disintegrate, leading to the basin-and-range landform formation. Folds and nappes in the Cenozoic basins, large-scale thrusting of Palaeozoic rocks over Cenozoic sediments at the basin margin associated with the rapid mountain uplift may have occurred at the end of Early Pleistocene, suggesting a tectonic inversion. The Mesozoic–Cenozoic Tianshan uplift and deformation were likely induced by the collision/accretion along the southern margin of Eurasia. Both the northward propagation of the Parmir syntaxis to the SW Tianshan and the oblique dextral faulting of the Talas–Fergana fault have likely played an important role on the formation and deformation of the Cenozoic basins in the SW Tianshan. 相似文献
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对塔里木盆地北缘四石厂剖面和库车河剖面进行声发射样品采集,并对志留系、二叠系、三叠系岩石样品进行岩石声发射地应力测试,以研究强烈构造活动下塔里木盆地北缘（柯坪隆起和库车坳陷）的地应力特征。测试结果显示,志留系、二叠系、三叠系样品所记录的岩石声发射最大主应力分别为57.74 MPa、57.73 MPa、58.86 MPa。结合前人对地应力的研究成果,认为在塔里木盆地北缘喜马拉雅期构造运动能够被岩石记载的应力约为57 MPa左右。塔里木盆地北缘自志留纪至今的地质历史过程中喜马拉雅晚期遭受的构造运动最为强烈,造成塔北地区现今的构造面貌。这与新生代天山隆升有密切关系,印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞是其最主要的动力学因素。 相似文献
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阿拉善地块东北缘的狼山地区新生代发育有3期构造,分别为中新世NW-SE向挤压形成的逆断层,NNE向挤压形成的左行走滑断层以及晚新生代NW-SE向伸展形成的高角度正断层。结合阿拉善地块东缘的新生代构造,认为狼山地区新生代断层的活动与青藏高原东北缘的逐步扩展、应力场逐渐调整有关。狼山山前正断层目前是一条贯通的断层,其演化基本符合恒定长度断层生长模型,断层中间部位滑动速率最大,向断层两侧逐渐递减。从不同方法得出的滑动速率来看,进入全新世以来,断层滑动速率有逐渐变小的趋势。结合阿拉善地块内部及东缘断层震源机制解以及断层的几何学、运动学特征,认为河套—吉兰泰盆地和银川盆地属于两个性质不同的伸展盆地,两者通过构造转换带相连,转换区内断层表现为右行走滑。转换区5级以上地震可能是受区域性NE-SW向挤压,近南北向右行断层活动的表现。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地东缘中—新生代构造特征及构造应力场分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对鄂尔多斯盆地东缘黄河沿岸一带中—新生代构造特征的研究表明:盆地东缘中—新生代构造变形与印支运动、燕山运动、喜马拉雅运动密切相关。印支运动对东缘构造影响相对微弱,受扬子板块和华北板块碰撞的影响,区内形成了一套挤压应力近NS向的共轭节理。燕山运动对东缘的形成演化意义重大,其基本构造形态就是在这一时期形成的。受古太平洋板块与亚洲大陆俯冲产生的远程构造效应的影响,区内发育NE—NNE走向的褶皱带;离石断裂受到SE—SEE方向的挤压,以脆性变形为主;节理解析获得的燕山期构造应力场以NW—SE向挤压为特征。喜马拉雅运动期间,盆地东缘的挤压方向转变为NE—SW向,其动力主要来自印度板块向欧亚板块的碰撞及碰撞期后陆内俯冲所产生的远程效应。 相似文献