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1.
微晶萘共沉淀富集—石墨炉原子吸收法测定痕量银金钯 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
基于贵金属同２－巯基苯并噻唑（ＭＢＴ）定量反应时的温度差异，在常温下采用ＭＢＴ为Ａｇ，Ａｕ和Ｐｄ的沉淀剂共藉微晶萘共沉淀法富集痕量Ａｇ，Ａｕ和Ｐｄ，使之与Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ及贱金属分离，固相富集物溶解于Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基甲酰胺后，直接用原子吸收法测定，试验了定量共沉淀的最佳条件，方法用标样分析验证，结果吻合较好。 相似文献
2.
制备了用二甲基乙二醛双（４－苯基－３－缩氨基硫脲）（ＤＭＢＳ）涂渍的大网状树脂（ＸＡＤ－７），应用于水溶液中Ｐｔ（Ⅱ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）的预富集。用该方法在存有碘离子的酸性溶液中从涂层树脂（ＤＭＢＳ－ＸＡＤ－７）上定量地收集Ｐｔ（Ⅱ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）。作为与ＤＭＢＳ形成螯合物的金属离子用少量的Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基酰胺很容易从ＤＭＢＳ－ＸＡＤ－７中洗脱。这种收集和洗脱的方法被用于Ｐｔ（Ⅱ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）的同步测定，该 相似文献
3.
硼氢化钠还原共沉淀－感耦等离子体质谱法测定岩石样品中痕量钌铑钯铱金和铂 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
研究了共沉淀分离富集贵金属元素的条件，选定在ｐＨ１．５溶液中，Ｍｎ作捕集剂，ＮａＢＨ４为还原剂，使Ｒｕ（Ⅵ）、Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）、Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）、Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）和Ａｕ（Ⅲ）贵金属离子还原成金属态沉淀物，沉淀经体积分数为５０％的王水溶解后用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定。样品测定限Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、Ａｕ为１ｎｇ／ｇ，Ｒｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ为２ｎｇ／ｇ。方法的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１０）为１０％～２５％，经几种岩石标样验证，其结果与标准值相符。 相似文献
4.
硼氢化钠还原共沉淀—感耦等离子体质谱法测定岩石样品中痕量钌铑钯铱金... 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
研究了共沉淀分离富集贵金属元素的条件，选定在ｐＨ１．５溶液中，Ｍｎ作捕集剂，ＮａＢＨ４为还原剂，使Ｒｕ（Ⅵ），Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）、Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）、Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）和Ａｕ（Ⅲ）贵金属离子还原成金属态沉淀物，沉淀经体积分数为５０％的王水溶解后用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定。样品测定限Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、Ａｕ为１ｎｇ／ｇ，Ｒｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ人２ｎｇ／ｇ。方法的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１０）为１０％￣２５％，经几种岩石标样验证，其结果与标准值相 相似文献
5.
研究了利用二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑振荡吸附富集Ａｕ、Ａｇ的条件，并采用金试剂－ＴＢＰ液珠萃取比色法测定地质样品中的金、银。方法的检出限：Ａｕ为０．５×１０－９，Ａｇ为５×１０－９。 相似文献
6.
二苯硫脲—甲基异丁酮泡塑富集分离液珠萃取比色法测定地质样品中的金,银 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了利用二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑振荡吸附富集Ａｕ，Ａｇ的条件，并采用金试剂－ＴＢＰ液珠萃取比色法测定地质样品中的金，银，方法的检出限：Ａｕ为０．５×１０＾－９，Ａｇ为５×１０＾－９。 相似文献
7.
小锍试金—无火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中超痕量金铂铑钯 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
将锍试金改成小锍试金，用小锍和捕集法把分解样品同富集金属与分离基体成份结合在一起进行，炼得的锍和经酸处理除去贱金属硫化物，富集的贵金属采用无火焰原子吸收光说测定。取一份样可以测定Ａｕ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ和Ｐｄ。测定方法的特征质量：Ａｕ１．１×１０＾－１１，Ｐｔ１．３×１０＾－１９Ｐｄ１．３×１０＾－１１，Ｒｈ１．２×１０＾－１１；线性范围（μｇ／ｍｌ）；Ａｕ０－０．４０Ｐｄ和Ｒｈ为０－０．０５０，ＰｔＯ 相似文献
8.
陕西大西沟重晶石菱铁矿——银硐子银铜铅多金属特大型矿？… 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大西沟－银硐子银多金属矿床由同生断裂－热水流体－地球化学动力学的多重主和形成。矿床在区域上处于柞山镇Ｐｂ、Ａｓ、Ｃｕ地球化学省,ＮＷＷ向富Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｂａ、Ｐｂ、Ａｇ和ＮＷ向低Ｐｂ高Ｃｕ、Ａｓ及ＮＥ向富Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ的地球化学带３者交汇部位。矿床原生异常组合由西向东为Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、ＭｎＢａ→Ｃｕ、Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｂａ、Ｍｎ、→Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｂａ。成矿成晕具有热水同生沉积－交代→热水混合同生沉积→热 相似文献
9.
小锍试金－无火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中超痕量金铂铑钯 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
将锍试金改成小锍试金，用小锍扣捕集法把分解样品同富集贵金属与分离基体成份结合在一起进行，炼得的锍扣经酸处理除去贱金属硫化物，富集的贵金属采用无火焰原子吸收光谱测定。取一份样可以测定Ａｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｒｈ和Ｐｄ。测定方法的特征质量（ｇ）：Ａｕ１．１×１０￣（－１１），Ｐｔ１．３×１Ｏ￣（－１０），Ｐｄ１．３×１０￣（－１１），Ｒｈ１．２×１０￣（－１１）；线性范围（ｇ／ｍｌ）：Ａｕ０～０．０４０，Ｐｄ和Ｒｈ为０～０．０５０，Ｐｔ为０～０．５０。方法用于超基性岩标样的测定，结果与推荐值相符。 相似文献
10.
本研究成果建立在对产于晚太古代录岩带中的５５个中温热液金矿床的１３７个大样的约７０种元素的分析基础上，尺管这些矿床在成矿省和单外矿床的元素共生组合和富集上有明显差别，但总体来看，Ａｕ，Ｔｅ，Ｓ，Ａｓ，Ｗ，Ｂｉ，Ａｇ和Ｓｅ依然是金矿勘探中最重要的元素，Ｔｅ，Ａｓ，Ｂｉ和Ｓｅ的富集一般大于玄武岩平均丰度的１０００－１００倍，Ｗ、Ｓ和Ａｇ的富集系数则为１００－１０。Ｓｂ，Ｂ，Ｍｏ，Ｃｕ，Ｕ，Ｈｇ，Ｐｂ， 相似文献
11.
厦门西港沉积环境变化及重金属的污染累积 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过测定柱状沉积物中的重金属、有机碳和硫化物含量, 结合沉积物粒度分析及现代沉积速率, 重现了厦门西港近70a的沉积环境变化及重金属的污染历史, 探讨了沉积环境对重金属累积过程的影响.结果表明, 厦门西港污染指示元素为Cu, Zn, Pb, As, 富集程度依次为As > Cu > Zn > Pb, 元素Cr, Cd和Hg在研究海域内没有富集现象.综观70a来, 厦门西港沉积物组成变化较大, 沉积环境变化明显, 重金属含量的垂向变化特征与当时的水动力、沉积环境变化紧密相关.研究表明, 沉积物来源越稳定, 沉积物粒径越小, 分选性越好, 则沉积物中重金属含量越高; 同时, 各层位的绝大部分重金属与有机碳和硫化物呈显著正相关关系. 相似文献
12.
NK8310螯合树脂分离富集地质样品中痕量金银铂钯及其测定 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14
研究了硫脲螯合树脂（NK8310）分类富集地质样品中痕量Au、Ag、Pt和Pd的实验条件。在φ=10％的王水介质中，[AuCI4]^-、[AgCI2]^-、[PtCI6]^2-和[PdCI4]^2-定量吸附于树脂上并与大量贱金属分离；用5g/L硫脲－0.12mol/L HCI溶液洗脱Au、Ag、Pt和Pd，回收率为97％－104％。用硫镍矿管理样以及国家一级标准物质进行分析验证，分析结果与推荐值及标准值吻合，表明NK8310螯合树脂适用于地质样品中Au、Ag、Pt和Pd的分离富集。 相似文献
13.
煤系关键金属的开发利用对于缓解我国战略性矿产资源紧缺具有重要意义。内蒙古胜利煤田乌兰图嘎低阶煤中除富集关键金属Ge以外,同时富集有害元素Be、F、As、Hg、Sb和W,出于对关键金属的提取利用及环境保护2个方面考虑,须对研究区煤炭进行洗选处理。基于前期研究认识,浮选对于乌兰图嘎煤中As、Sb和W脱除效果相对较好,对于F和Hg的脱除效果较差,基于此,采用浮沉实验(重选法)以及XRD、XRF、SEM-EDS和EMPA等实验方法和测试手段,研究关键金属Ge以及Be、F、As、Hg等有害元素在不同密度级煤中的分布特征,结果表明:(1) 乌兰图嘎煤中矿物主要包括石膏、石英、黄铁矿、高岭石等,矿物含量随煤密度级增大而增加,电子探针分析结果表明,Co、As、Sb和Hg赋存在黄铁矿中。(2) 经过重选,低密度精煤中Ge元素富集,表明Ge主要以有机态存在,Be、F、As等可能与有机质相关,或者赋存在嵌布于有机质中的微细粒矿物中,煤中Hg和大部分亲石性元素在高密度级煤中含量较高,表明其赋存在矿物中。(3) 重选对于Hg元素的脱除效果较好,对Be、F、As和一些亲硫或亲铁性元素浮选脱除效果优于重选。建议乌兰图嘎低阶煤使用重选?浮选联合脱除法进行有害元素的脱除。 相似文献
14.
《Applied Geochemistry》1999,14(4):433-445
Coprecipitation of radionuclides with secondary solids is currently neglected in safety assessments for radioactive waste repositories, although this process is thought to be important in limiting radionuclide solution concentrations. This paper provides a systematic review of laboratory data on metal coprecipitation with calcite, presented in the form of phenomenological partition coefficients. The aim of this investigation is to provide a consistent set of parameter values for the quantitative modelling of radionuclide coprecipitation with calcite, which will be the dominant alteration product in cementitious repositories accessed by carbonate-rich groundwater.From the data reviewed, empirical correlations have been derived that relate experimentally determined partition coefficients (λMe) to measurable chemical properties of the coprecipitated metals (ionic radii and sorption parameters of the incorporated trace metals, solubility products of the pure metal carbonates). These correlations have then been used to predict the partition coefficients of radionuclides for which no laboratory data exist.Such predictions indicate that the actinides will partition strongly into calcite under reducing conditions (λMe ∼200–1000 for trivalent, λMe ∼20–200 for tetravalent actinides). Nickel(II) incorporation will be moderate (λMe ∼1–10), while incorporation of ions like U(VI), Cs(I), Sr(II) and Ra(II) in calcite will be weak (λMe<1).In spite of substantial uncertainties, the estimated partition coefficients are sufficiently accurate to allow a semi-quantitative evaluation of the effect of radionuclide coprecipitation with calcite in limiting radionuclide solution concentrations in well characterised repository environments. 相似文献
15.
Coastal marine sediments are commonly enriched in metals, including potentially toxic trace metals, by natural processes and human activities. These sediments have long been regarded as the final repositories of contaminants, but in recent years it has been recognized that they can also serve as potentially important sources of metal contaminants for benthic organisms and benthic food chains in general. The geochemical and biological factors governing the bioavailability of diverse metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Se, Zn) that are bound to different kinds of marine sediments are reviewed. Particular attention has been paid to those species of marine bivalve mollusks that are used as bioindicators of coastal contamination. Both deposit-feeding and suspension-feeding bivalves can accumulate metals appreciably by assimilating sediment-bound metals that are ingested, although important differences have been recognized between these two feeding modes as well as between metals. The properties of the digestive tracts of deposit and suspension-feeding bivalves that influence metal bioaccumulation from food are also discussed. Through kinetic modeling, the relative importance of ingestion as a route of metal uptake has been compared quantitatively with uptake from the dissolved phase, including from pore water and from overlying water, and has been shown to account for the high concentrations in bivalve tissues for a number of contaminant metals. 相似文献
16.
混合吸附剂分离富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中铂钯金 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
贵金属分析应用火试金法分离富集时,试金配料复杂、耗时较长,分析成本相对较高,空白较难控制.本文建立了采用过氧化氢-盐酸湿法分解样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱同时测定地质样品中Pt、Pd、Au的分析方法.在10％的盐酸介质中,以LSC-400巯基树脂和活性炭为混合吸附剂,采用动态吸附方式对样品中的Pt、Pd、Au分离富集,用Lu作内标元素,195 Pt、197 Au、108 Pd为待测同位素消除了非谱线干扰和谱线干扰,三元素的回收率均大于96.4％.方法检出限(3σ):Pt为0.06 ng/g,Pd为0.08 ng/g,Au为0.12 ng/g,优于火试金等其他分离富集方法的检出限.应用于测定国家标准物质,Pt、Pd、Au的测定结果与标准值相符,12次测定的相对标准偏差均小于16.1％,满足区域地球化学调查样品的分析要求.该方法操作简便、成本低廉,提高了分析速度,有效地降低了测试过程的空白值. 相似文献
17.
18.
Clark R. Alexander Ralph G. Smith Fred D. Calder Steven J. Schropp Herbert L. Windom 《Estuaries and Coasts》1993,16(3):627-637
Historical profiles of metal accumulation have been generated for the lower St. Johns River and Hillsborough Bay, Florida, in cores representing approximately 50 yr of sediment and metal accumulation. These profiles demonstrate that Cd, Pb, and Zn are enriched in these Florida estuarine sediments. Pb enrichment has decreased since the mid 1970s because of reduced use of leaded gasoline. In the St. Johns River, most metals exhibit a trend of increasing enrichment with time. Cd enrichment significantly decreased between 1970 and 1975 as a result of reduced discharges into the river and control of aquatic vegetation. In Hillsborough Bay, enrichment factors for most metals are relatively high and show little change downcore. Cr, Cu, and Ni border on enrichment and Pb, Cd, and Zn are enriched. The results of this study are consistent with other studies of surficial-sediment metal concentration in other Florida estuaries. 相似文献
19.
金同铅锌矿化的分离及共生 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
金矿化同铅锌矿化存在独特的关系。在块状硫化物矿床和现代洋底硫化物堆积物中金和贱金属的富集程度基本上是相同的,而脉状金矿床中,在富集了大约１０＾３－１０＾４的金的同时仅轻度富集或实际上贫化贱金属铅锌; 相似文献
20.
Deep-sea ferromanganese deposits contain a wide range of economically important metals. Ferromanganese crusts and nodules represent an important future resource, since they not only contain base metals such as Mn, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn, but are also enriched in critical or rare high-technology elements such as Li, Mo, Nb, W, the rare earth elements and yttrium (REY). These metals could be extracted from nodules and crusts as a by-product to the base metal production. However, there are no proper separation techniques available that selectively extract certain metals out of the carrier phases. By sequential leaching, we demonstrated that, except for Li, which is present in an easily soluble form, all other high-tech metals enriched in ferromanganese nodules and crusts are largely associated with the Fe-oxyhydroxide phases and only to subordinate extents with Mn-oxide phases. Based on this fact, we conducted selective leaching experiments with the Fe-specific organic ligand desferrioxamine-B, a naturally occurring and ubiquitous siderophore. We showed by leaching of ferromanganese nodules and crusts with desferrioxamine-B that a significant and selective extraction of high-tech metals such as Li, Mo, Zr, Hf and Ta is possible, while other elements like Fe and the base metals Mn, Ni, Cu, Co and Zn are not extracted to large extents. The set of selectively extracted elements can be extended to Nb and W if Mn and carbonate phases are stripped from the bulk nodule or crust prior to the siderophore leach by e.g. a sequential leaching technique. This combination of sequential leaches with a siderophore leach enhanced the extraction to 30–50% of each Mo, Nb, W and Ta from a mixed type Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) nodule and 40–80% from a diagenetic Peru Basin nodule, whilst only 5–10% Fe and even less Mn are extracted from the nodules. Li is extracted to about 60% from the CCZ nodule and a maximum of 80% Li is extracted from the Peru Basin nodule.Our pilot work on selective extraction of high-tech metals from marine ferromanganese nodules and crusts showed that specific metal-binding organic ligands may have promising potential in future processing technologies of these oxide deposits. 相似文献