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1.
针对沙捞越盆地盆地类型的不同观点,通过盆地区域构造背景、构造演化阶段、构造沉降曲线的分析以及构造地质事件的恢复,得到以下认识:①盆地的构造演化可划分为晚白垩世—晚始新世,拉让洋壳向婆罗洲基底俯冲,并在婆罗洲中部形成火山岛弧的俯冲增生期;渐新世—早中新世,拉让洋壳俯冲消减完毕,路科尼亚地块与婆罗洲碰撞,并俯冲于婆罗洲基底之下,形成周缘前陆盆地的前陆盆地期;中中新世至今,南中国海开启、婆罗洲碰撞抬升引起盆地稳定沉降的被动边缘期3个阶段。②盆地所选井的构造沉降曲线具有早期缓慢沉降、晚期快速沉降这一前陆盆地的典型特征。③盆地构造地质事件复原图表明,盆地晚期处于被动大陆边缘构造背景。由此,认为沙捞越盆地为复合型盆地,即早期为前陆盆地,晚期则转化为大陆边缘型盆地。 相似文献
2.
东海新生代沉积盆地的类型和成盆期 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
杨兆宇 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1992,12(2):1-11
东海新生代沉积厚度最大可达10km。分为三个发展时期。第一阶段从晚白垩世至中始新世,由于中国大陆向东濡散和掀斜断块作用,在大陆边缘由陆缘裂谷盆地转化为浅海沉积盆地。第二阶段从晚始新世至中中新世,由于喜马拉雅陆缘造山带的形成和中国大陆边缘的隆升联合作用结果,在大陆边缘由环绕大陆分布的带状地堑转化为前陆盆地。第三阶段从晚中新世至第四纪,由于太平洋板块向西俯冲,形成弧后断陷及弧前坳陷。从横向上看,不同性质和时代的沉积,由西向东,由老到新,依次排列。从盆地性质上看,由老到新,张性盆地和压性盆地交替形成,叠置在一起。因此不同时代和性质的盆地,具有不同的石油地质条件和油气成藏规律。 相似文献
3.
《海洋地质前沿》2018,(11)
通过区域地质、地球物理、板块重建及地球动力学背景综合研究,揭示了喜马拉雅前渊和孟加拉湾盆地形成演化及动力学背景。喜马拉雅前渊与孟加拉湾盆地被西隆(Shillong)高原分隔。喜马拉雅前渊位于西隆高原北侧,主要以拉萨地块前白垩系为基底,晚白垩世—早始新世为新特提斯洋向洋内岛弧、拉萨板块俯冲形成的弧前和弧后盆地;中始新世—中新世早期,新特提斯洋逐渐俯冲消亡,印度板块与拉萨地块的陆陆碰撞逐渐加剧,形成前陆盆地;中新世中期以来,随着印度板块与欧亚板块陆陆碰撞的加剧,喜马拉雅前陆盆地隆升、剥蚀,只保留了前陆盆地的前渊。孟加拉湾(Bengal)盆地位于西隆高原南侧,其西北部以印度板块的前寒武系为基底,石炭—二叠纪为裂谷盆地,三叠纪为剥蚀区,侏罗纪—早白垩世以火山作用为主,晚白垩世—早始新世为被动大陆边缘盆地,中始新世以来随着印度板块向拉萨板块俯冲加剧,印度洋板块向缅甸大陆俯冲,孟加拉湾盆地演化为陆缘碎屑供应逐渐增强的残留洋盆。孟加拉湾东南部的基底为前古近系洋壳,始新世以来形成巨厚的残留洋盆充填序列。 相似文献
4.
南海南部海区前陆盆地形成与演化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
将南沙地块南缘与加里曼丹—巴拉望地块作为一个构造演化的整体进行研究,对南海南部构造边界的蛇绿—混杂岩及岩浆岩的分布和岩性,以及南海南部前陆盆地的构造与沉积特征加以描述、分析,发现前陆盆地系统的形成时间是自西南往东北,逐渐由晚始新世末—早中新世—中中新世,与南边的俯冲碰撞带形成时间相对应,认为南沙地块南缘与加里曼丹—巴拉望地块之间经历了一个与古南海消亡息息相关的连续演化的过程。 相似文献
5.
西沙海槽盆地处于南海北部陆坡洋陆壳过渡带,为一个分割南海北部陆架和西沙地块的新生代裂谷盆地,其沉积环境演化研究有助于进一步认识南海形成演化过程。通过南海陆坡区域地震地层对比,将西沙海槽盆地新生代以来划分出9个地层单元,采用地震线描和地震相分析方法,恢复各地层单元沉积时期的地层结构及古地貌,探讨其沉积环境演化过程。结果表明,古新世—始新世西沙海槽盆地为河流和湖泊沉积环境;渐新世—早中新世初,演变为分割南海北部陆架和西沙地块古陆、贯通琼东南盆地和西北次盆的海峡,沉积环境由滨-浅海过渡到半深海环境;中中新世以来盆地进入陆坡海槽发育阶段,晚中新世以后中央水道形成,演变为一个陆坡内深水海槽,为海流和浊流通道,整体处于半深海-深海沉积环境。 相似文献
6.
东亚大陆边缘的板块重建与构造转换 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
东亚大陆边缘中新生代期间的动力学演化始终是地质研究的难点和热点,特别是对其大陆边缘性质、类型和演化过程始终不明朗,并存在巨大争论。系统综述了40多年来已有东亚大陆边缘二叠纪以来板块重建的主要方案,特别是近10年来东亚陆缘新的研究成果,侧重探讨了晚三叠世以来东亚大陆边缘类型转换、不同构造域的交接—转换过程。认为东亚陆缘总体经历了三叠纪前的被动陆缘阶段、晚三叠世—早白垩世的大陆岩浆弧发育的安第斯型活动陆缘阶段、早白垩世晚期—始新世的走滑拉分盆地发育的安第斯型活动陆缘阶段和渐新世以来的日本型活动大陆边缘阶段。这对于认识中国东部海域渤海湾、黄海、东海和南海盆地成因具有指导意义。同时,分析了各阶段海—陆分布特征及其变迁规律、板块格局变动过程及其动力学背景。 相似文献
7.
在前人勘探解释的基础上,通过三维高分辨率地震资料,应用相干属性分析等技术对区域断裂进行精细化解释。研究表明盆地内发育着典型的犁式、花状构造、旋转正断层等伸展构造样式,在珠三南断裂影响下,南部边界断裂以阶梯状排列形成断阶构造。始新世—中中新世,断裂走向在持续右旋张扭应力场下以NE→EW→NWW顺时针方向旋转,张裂强度逐渐减弱。晚始新世—早渐新世,盆地在太平洋板块俯冲后退、印亚板块碰撞、古南海向南俯冲下发育EW向断裂,晚渐新世在南海扩张事件影响下前期右旋应力场得到加强,形成大量近EW向断裂,中新世后演化为NWW向断裂。文昌A凹陷断裂构造的演化、成因机制与南海北部陆缘应力场变化一致。该研究有利于进一步了解南海北部陆缘含油气盆地的构造特征和演化规律,提高油气勘探开发的效率。 相似文献
8.
南沙海域万安盆地地质构造与沉积体系特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
万安盆地是其东侧万安走滑断裂发生右旋走滑所派生的扭张应力作用下形成的一个走滑拉张盆地。NE、NEE和SN向的断裂是盆内最主要的断裂,它们在盆内局部形成"三隆四坳"的格局。盆地构造演化经历了基底形成、初始裂谷作用、裂谷发育(第一阶段裂谷作用)、裂谷后早期(第二阶段裂谷作用)、构造反转和裂后期(区域沉降阶段)等几个阶段。根据钻井资料和地震资料中叠加速度建立的时-深关系,在该盆地可划分出4个巨层序界面:MB1,声波基底的顶部(前古近纪);MB2,渐新世顶部(24Ma);MB3,晚中新世(8Ma);MB4,早上新世(4Ma)。每一个巨层序界面(MB)之上都有与之对应的巨层序(MS),从老到新依次为MS1—MS4。盆地晚始新世—渐新世以湖泊-三角洲沉积体系为主;晚中新世时经历了非海相-海陆交互相-陆架沉积体系的过渡;中新世—早上新世为碳酸盐岩-浅海陆架-三角洲沉积体系;早上新世—第四纪为陆架-陆坡-深海沉积体系。 相似文献
9.
以台湾海峡盆地西部为研究对象,在地震资料构造解释的基础上,选取能控制区域构造格局的2条典型剖面,运用2D Move软件分别对其进行平衡剖面恢复,并计算出各剖面不同时期的伸展量、伸展率和伸展系数,初步计算各凹陷在不同时期的基底构造沉降量,以此为基础对台湾海峡盆地西部的构造演化过程及其区域性差异进行了定量研究。研究结果显示:(1)研究区的伸展强度和基底构造沉降量在始新世和中新世之间均急剧减小,反映渐新世是一个构造转换时期;(2)研究区在新生代表现为古新世至早始新世持续断陷作用—中始新世差异升降—始新世末至渐新世隆升剥蚀—中新世之后稳定缓慢坳陷沉积;(3)台湾海峡盆地在新生代大致经历了古新世-始新世断陷演化阶段、中新世坳陷演化阶段和上新世—第四纪前陆盆地演化阶段。 相似文献
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12.
台西南盆地的构造演化与油气藏组合分析 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
杜德莉 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1994,14(3):5-18
本文根据台西南盆地的地质、地球物理资料，对台西南盆地的地壳结构、基底特征、沉积厚度、断裂构造等基本地质构造特征＾［１］作了研究，探讨了台西南盆地的构造发展演化及及油气藏组合。认为该盆地的构造演化为幕式拉张。幕式拉张可分为三大张裂幕，相应的热沉降作用使盆地在不同的张裂幕时期发展为断陷，裂陷，裂拗－拗陷。它们分别与板块作用下的区域构造运动阶段相对应，说明区域构造运动不但控制了盆地的发展演化，同时也制约 相似文献
13.
Geological Characteristics and Distribution of Submarine Physiographic Features in the Taiwan Region
Ho-Shing Yu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2003,21(3):139-153
The sea floor topography around Taiwan is characterized by the asymmetry of its shallow and flat shelves to the west and markedly deep troughs and basins to the south and east. Tectonics and sedimentation are major controls in forming the submarine physiographic features around Taiwan. Three Pliocene-Quaternary shelves are distributed north and west of Taiwan: East China Sea Shelf (passive margin shelf), the Taiwan Strait Shelf (foreland shelf), and Kaoping Shelf (island shelf) from north to south parallel to the strike of Taiwan orogen. Off northeastern Taiwan major morpho/tectonic features associated with plate subduction include E-W trending Ryukyu Trench, Yaeyama accretionary wedge, forearc basins, the Ryukyu Arcs, and the backarc basin of southern Okinawa Trough. Off eastern Taiwan lies the deep Huatung Basin on the Philippine Sea plate with a relatively flat floor, although several large submarine canyons are eroding and crossing the basin floor. Off southeastern Taiwan, the forearc region of the Luzon Arc has been deformed into five alternating N-S trending ridges and troughs during initial arc-continent collision. Among them, the submarine Hengchun Ridge is the seaward continuation of the Hengchun peninsula in southern Taiwan. Off southwestern Taiwan, the broad Kaoping Slope is the major submarine topographic feature with several noticeable submarine canyons. The Penghu Canyon separates this slope from the South China Sea Slope to the west and merges southwards into the Manila Trench in the northern South China Sea. Although most of sea floors of the Taiwan Strait are shallower than 60 m in water depth, there are three noticeable bathymetric lows and two highs in the Taiwan Strait. There exists a close relationship between hydrography and topography in the Taiwan Strait. The circulation of currents in the Taiwan Strait is strongly influenced by seasonal monsoon and semidiurnal tides. The Penghu Channel-Yunchang Ridge can be considered a modern tidal depositional system. The Taiwan Strait shelf has two phases of development. The early phase of the rift margin has developed during Paleoocene-Miocene and it has evolved to the foreland basin in Pliocene-Quaternary time. The present shelf morphology results mainly from combined effects of foreland subsidence and modern sedimentation overprinting that of the Late Pleistocene glaciation about 15,000 years ago. 相似文献
14.
Geological Characteristics and Distribution of Submarine Physiographic Features in the Taiwan Region
《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3-4):139-153
The sea floor topography around Taiwan is characterized by the asymmetry of its shallow and flat shelves to the west and markedly deep troughs and basins to the south and east. Tectonics and sedimentation are major controls in forming the submarine physiographic features around Taiwan. Three Pliocene-Quaternary shelves are distributed north and west of Taiwan: East China Sea Shelf (passive margin shelf), the Taiwan Strait Shelf (foreland shelf), and Kaoping Shelf (island shelf) from north to south parallel to the strike of Taiwan orogen. Off northeastern Taiwan major morpho/tectonic features associated with plate subduction include E-W trending Ryukyu Trench, Yaeyama accretionary wedge, forearc basins, the Ryukyu Arcs, and the backarc basin of southern Okinawa Trough. Off eastern Taiwan lies the deep Huatung Basin on the Philippine Sea plate with a relatively flat floor, although several large submarine canyons are eroding and crossing the basin floor. Off southeastern Taiwan, the forearc region of the Luzon Arc has been deformed into five alternating N-S trending ridges and troughs during initial arc-continent collision. Among them, the submarine Hengchun Ridge is the seaward continuation of the Hengchun peninsula in southern Taiwan. Off southwestern Taiwan, the broad Kaoping Slope is the major submarine topographic feature with several noticeable submarine canyons. The Penghu Canyon separates this slope from the South China Sea Slope to the west and merges southwards into the Manila Trench in the northern South China Sea. Although most of sea floors of the Taiwan Strait are shallower than 60?m in water depth, there are three noticeable bathymetric lows and two highs in the Taiwan Strait. There exists a close relationship between hydrography and topography in the Taiwan Strait. The circulation of currents in the Taiwan Strait is strongly influenced by seasonal monsoon and semidiurnal tides. The Penghu Channel-Yunchang Ridge can be considered a modern tidal depositional system. The Taiwan Strait shelf has two phases of development. The early phase of the rift margin has developed during Paleoocene-Miocene and it has evolved to the foreland basin in Pliocene-Quaternary time. The present shelf morphology results mainly from combined effects of foreland subsidence and modern sedimentation overprinting that of the Late Pleistocene glaciation about 15,000 years ago. 相似文献
15.
南海北缘新生代盆地沉积与构造演化及地球动力学背景 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
南海北缘新生代沉积盆地是全面揭示南海北缘形成演化及与邻区大地构造单元相互作用的重要窗口。通过对盆地沉积-构造特征分析,南海北缘新生代裂陷过程显示出明显的多幕性和旋转性的特点。在从北向南逐渐迁移的趋势下,东、西段裂陷过程也具有一定的差异,西部裂陷活动及海侵时间明显早于东部,裂陷中心由西向东呈雁列式扩展。晚白垩世-早始新世裂陷活动应是东亚陆缘中生代构造-岩浆演化的延续,始新世中、晚期太平洋板块俯冲方向改变导致裂陷中心南移,印度欧亚板块碰撞效应是南海中央海盆扩张方向顺时针旋转的主要原因。 相似文献
16.
The distribution of ostracods and benthonic foraminifers in the China sea area is briefly reviewed from the paleobio-geographic viewpoint in this paper. Three regions can be distinguished in the area on the basis of modern distribution data: Region I (the Huanghai Sea and the Bohai Sea) with cool and temperate forms, Region I (the East China Sea and the northern part of the South China Sea) with subtropical warm-water forms and Region Ⅲ (central and southern parts of the South China Sea) with larger foraminifers and other tropical warm-water forms. The occurrence of Nummulites-Discocyclira fauna in the Eocene deposits of the East China Sea indicates a northward extension of tropical zoogeographical region at the time, whereas the distribution pattern of the Miocene Nephrolepidina-Miogypsiua-Austrotrillina fauna in the South China Sea resembles that of the present larger-foraminiferal fauna. In the South China Sea and Taiwan, a warm-water fauna with Asterorotalia and Pseudorotalia first appeared in late 相似文献
17.
A numerical method is designed to examine the response properties of real sea areas to open ocean forcing. The application of this method to modeling the China’s adjacent seas shows that the Bohai Sea has a highest peak response frequency(PRF) of 1.52 d-1; the northern Yellow Sea has a PRF of 1.69 d-1; the Gyeonggi Bay has a high amplitude gain plateau in the frequency band roughly from 1.7 to 2.7 d-1; the Yellow Sea(including the Gyeonggi Bay), the East China Sea shelf and the Taiwan Strait have a common high amplitude gain band with frequencies around 1.76 to 1.78 d-1 and are shown to be a system that responds to the open ocean forcing in favor of amplifying the waves with frequencies in this band; the Beibu Gulf, the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea deep basin have PRFs of 0.91, 1.01 and 0.98 d-1 respectively. In addition, the East China Sea has a Poincare mode PRF of 3.91 d-1. The PRFs of the Bohai Sea, the northern Yellow Sea, the Beibu Gulf and the South China Sea can be explained by a classical quarter(half for the Bohai Sea) wavelength resonance theory. The results show that further investigations are needed for the response dynamics of the Yellow Sea-East China Sea-Taiwan Strait system, the East China Sea Poincare mode, the Taiwan Strait, and the Gulf of Thailand. 相似文献
18.
The East Vietnam Boundary Fault Zone (EVBFZ) forms the seaward extension of the Red River Shear Zone and interacted with the extensional rift systems in basins along the Central Vietnamese continental margin. The structural outline of the central Vietnamese margin and the timing of deformation are therefore fundamental to understanding the development of the South China Sea and its relation to Indochinese escape tectonism and the India-Eurasia collision. This study investigates the structural and stratigraphic evolution of the Central Vietnamese margin in a regional tectonic perspective based on new 2-D seismic and well data. The basin fill is divided into five major Oligocene to Recent sequences separated by unconformities. Deposition and the formation of unconformities were closely linked with transtension, rifting, the opening of the South China Sea and Late Neogene uplift and denudation of the eastern flank of Indochina. The structural outline of the Central Vietnamese margin favors a hybrid tectonic model involving both escape and slab-pull tectonics. Paleogene left-lateral transtension over the NNW-striking EVBFZ, occurred within the Song Hong Basin and the Quang Ngai Graben and over the Da Nang Shelf/western Phu Khanh Basin, related to the escape of Indochina. East of the EVBFZ, Paleogene NE-striking rifting prevailed in the outer Phu Khanh Basin and the Hoang Sa Graben fitting best with a prevailing stress derived from a coeval slab-pull from a subducting proto-South China Sea beneath the southwest Borneo – Palawan region. Major rifting terminated near the end of the Oligocene. However, late stage rifting lasted to the Early Miocene when continental break-up and seafloor spreading commenced along the edge of the outer Phu Khanh Basin. The resulting transgression promoted Lower and Middle Miocene carbonate platform growth on the Da Nang Shelf and the Tri Ton High whereas deeper marine conditions prevailed in the central part of the basins. Partial drowning and platform retreat occurred after the Middle Miocene due to increased siliciclastic input from the Vietnamese mainland. As a result, siliciclastic, marine deposition prevailed offshore Central Vietnam during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. 相似文献
19.
A high-resolution, regional, numerical-model-based, real-time ocean prediction system for the northern South China Sea, called the Northern South China Sea Nowcast/Forecast System (NSCSNFS), has been used to investigate subtidal mesoscale flows during the time period of the Asian Seas International Acoustic Experiment (ASIAEX) field programs. The dynamics are dominated by three influences; 1) surface wind stress, 2) intrusions of the Kuroshio through Luzon Strait, and 3) the large-scale cyclonic gyre that occupies much of the northern South China Sea. Each component primarily drives currents in the upper ocean, so deep currents are rather weak. Wind stress is especially effective at forcing currents over the shallow China shelf. The Kuroshio intrusion tends to flow westward until it meets the northern edge of the large-scale cyclonic gyre. Together, these currents produce an intense, narrow jet directed northwest toward the continental slope, often in the region of the ASIAEX field programs. Upon reaching the slope, the current splits with part flowing northeastward along the slope and part flowing southwestward, producing large horizontal and vertical shears and making this region dynamically very complicated and difficult to simulate. The Kuroshio intrusion tends to be stronger (weaker) when the northeasterly winds are strong (weak) and the large-scale gyre is farther south (north), consistent with conclusions from previous model studies. At the northern boundary, the model produces a persistent northward flow through Taiwan Strait into the East China Sea. Data assimilation in the NSCSNFS model is shown to dampen the system, extracting energy and causing the entire system to spin down. 相似文献
20.
Rifting of continental margins is generally diachronous along the zones where continents break due to various factors including the boundary conditions which trigger the extensional forces, but also the internal physical boundaries which are inherent to the composition and thus the geological history of the continental margin. Being opened quite recently in the Tertiary in a scissor-shape manner, the South China Sea (SCS) offers an image of the rifting structures which varies along strike the basin margins. The SCS has a long history of extension, which dates back from the Late Cretaceous, and allows us to observe an early stretching on the northern margin onshore and offshore South China, with large low angle faults which detach the Mesozoic sediments either over Triassic to Early Cretaceous granites, or along the short limbs of broad folds affecting Palaeozoic to Early Cretaceous series. These early faults create narrow troughs filled with coarse polygenic conglomerate grading upward to coarse sandstone. Because these low-angle faults reactivate older trends, they vary in geometry according to the direction of the folds or the granite boundaries. A later set of faults, characterized by generally E–W low and high angle normal faults was dominant during the Eocene. Associated half-graben basement deepened as the basins were filling with continental or very shallow marine sediments. This subsequent direction is well expressed both in the north and the SW of the South China Sea and often reactivated earlier detachments. At places, the intersection of these two fault sets resulting in extreme stretching with crustal boudinage and mantle exhumation such as in the Phu Khanh Basin East of the Vietnam fault. A third direction of faults, which rarely reactivates the detachments is NE–SW and well developed near the oceanic crust in the southern and southwestern part of the basin. This direction which intersects the previous ones was active although sea floor spreading was largely developed in the northern part, and ended by the Late Miocene after the onset of the regional Mid Miocene unconformity known as MMU and dated around 15.5 Ma. Latest Miocene is marked by a regional basement drop and localized normal faults on the shelf closer to the coast. The SE margin of the South China Sea does not show the extensional features as well as the Northern margin. Detachments are common in the Dangerous Grounds and Reed Bank area and may occasionally lead to mantle exhumation. The sedimentary environment on the extended crust remained shallow all along the rifting and a large part of the spreading until the Late Miocene, when it suddenly deepened. This period also corresponds to the cessation of the shortening of the NW Borneo wedge in Palawan, Sabah, and Sarawak. We correlate the variation of margin structure and composition of the margin; mainly the occurrence of granitic batholiths and Mesozoic broad folds, with the location of the detachments and major normal faults which condition the style of rifting, the crustal boudinage and therefore the crustal thickness. 相似文献