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1.
Covariation of the Indonesian Throughflow and South China Sea Throughflow Associated with the 1976/77 Regime Shift 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Changes in the Indonesian Throughflow(ITF) and the South China Sea throughflow—measured by the Luzon Strait Transport(LST)—associated with the 1976/77 regime shift are analyzed using the Island Rule theory and the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset.Results show that LST increased but ITF transport decreased after 1975.Such changes were induced by variations in wind stress associated with the regime shift.The strengthening of the easterly wind anomaly east of the Luzon Strait played an important role in ... 相似文献
2.
分析了一个1/10°的涡分辨率全球环流模式LICOM(LASG/IAP Climate system Ocean Model)对吕宋海峡附近海洋环流的模拟能力。结果表明,模拟的吕宋海峡附近上层环流及输运具有明显的季节变化特征,除6月是东向净流出外,其余月份均为西向流入,冬季流量最大。年平均流量在-3.76 Sv(1 Sv=106 m3/s),其中上层(600 m以上)流量起主要贡献,为-3.60 Sv,与目前已有的研究结果基本一致。南海通过6个海峡完成与外界的水交换,其中吕宋海峡和巴拉巴克海峡是大洋水进入南海的主要通道,其余海峡均以流出为主,流出量最大的是台湾海峡(1.99 Sv),其次是卡里玛塔海峡(1.03 Sv)。进一步分析表明,由季风引起的埃克曼输送量约占吕宋海峡流量的11%,而由季风引起的吕宋海峡压力梯度形成的西向的地转流对吕宋海峡的输运起支配作用。作为黑潮源头的太平洋北赤道流流量对吕宋海峡输运的季节变化也有一定影响。 相似文献
3.
A study of the circulation in the northern South China Sea （SCS） is carried out with the aid of a three-dimensional, high-resolution regional ocean model. One control and two sensitivity experiments are performed to qualitatively investigate the effects of surface wind forcing, Kuroshio intrusion, and bottom topographic influence on the circulation in the northern SCS. The model results show that a branch of the Kuroshio in the upper layer can intrude into the SCS and have direct influence on the circulation over the continental shelf break in the northern SCS. There are strong southward pressure gradients along a zonal belt largely seaward of the continental slope. The pressure gradients are opposite in the southern and northern parts of the Luzon Strait, indicating inflow and outflow through the strait, respectively. The sensitivity experiments suggest that the Kuroshio intrusion is responsible for generating the imposed pressure head along the shelf break and has no obvious seasonal variations. The lateral forcing through the Luzon Strait and Taiwan Strait can induce the southwestward slope current and the northeastward SCS Warm Current in the northern SCS. Without the lateral forcing, there is the continental slope. The wind forcing mainly causes the The wind-induced water pile-up results in the southward no high-pressure-gradient zonal belt seaward of seasonal variation of the circulation in the SCS. high pressure gradient along the northwestern boundary of the basin. Without the blocking of the plateau around Dongsha Islands, the intruded Kuroshio tends to extend northwest and the SCS branch of the Kuroshio becomes wider and stronger. The analyses presented here are qualitative in nature but should lead to a better understanding of the oceanic responses in the northern SCS to these external influence factors. 相似文献
4.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF OCEANIC ELEMENTS IN THE SCS AND ITS NEIGHBORING SEA REGIONS FROM JANUARY TO AUGUST IN 1998 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Studies on oceanic conditions in the South China Sea (SCS) and adjacent waters are helpful for thorough understanding of summer monsoons in East Asia. To have a 3-dimensional picture of how the oceanic currents vary, the oceanic elements in the South China Sea (SCS) and its neighboring sea regions in January～August 1998 have been simulated by using the improved Princeton University Ocean Model (POM) in this paper. The main results are in good agreement with that of ocean investigations and other simulations. The results show that the SCS branch of the Kuroshio Current is an important part in the north SCS from January to August; the SCS warm current is reproduced clearly in all months except in winter; there always exists a large-scale anti-cyclonic vortex on the right of the Kuroshio Current from January to August. In the model domain, the surface currents of the SCS have the closest relations with the monsoon with an apparent seasonal variation. In addition, the developing characteristics of the SST in the SCS and its neighboring sea regions before and after the summer monsoon onset are also well simulated by the improved POM. Those are the foundation for developing a coupled regional ocean-atmospheric model system. 相似文献
5.
利用1979—2014年ERA-Interim逐月的风场、海平面气压场和位势高度场等再分析资料以及中国160站降水观测资料,采用回归分析等方法分析了盛夏(7、8月)南海(South China Sea, SCS)低空越赤道气流(Cross-Equatorial Flow,CEF)的变化及其与东亚夏季风的联系,结果表明:盛夏南海低空越赤道气流(SCEF)强度指数与南海夏季风强度指数呈显著的正相关关系,与东亚副热带夏季风强度指数呈显著的负相关关系。当盛夏SCEF偏强(弱)时,亚洲热带低压及西太平洋赤道辐合带增强(减弱),西太平洋副热带高压强度减弱(增强)、东撤(西伸),南海北部和西北太平洋地区为明显的气旋式(反气旋式)环流异常,使得南海夏季风增强(减弱)和东亚副热带夏季风减弱(增强)。此外,当盛夏SCEF偏强时,由于东亚副热带夏季风减弱,我国华南地区为东北风异常,华北地区为偏南风异常,受其影响,我国华南地区为显著的水汽辐合区,华中地区为显著的水汽辐散区,使得盛夏华南地区降水增多,华中地区降水减少;反之亦然。 相似文献
6.
The upper layer, wind-driven circulation of the South China Sea (SCS), its through-flow (SCSTF) and the Indonesian through flow (ITF) are simulated using a high resolution model, FVCOM (finite volume coastal ocean model) in a regional domain comprising the Maritime Continent. The regional model is embedded in the MIT global ocean general circulation model (ogcm) which provides surface forcing and boundary conditions of all the oceanographic variables at the lateral open boundaries in the Pacific and Indian oceans. A five decade long simulation is available from the MITgcm and we choose to investigate and compare the climatologies of two decades, 1960–1969 and 1990–1999.The seasonal variability of the wind-driven circulation produced by the monsoon system is realistically simulated. In the SCS the dominant driving force is the monsoon wind and the surface circulation reverses accordingly, with a net cyclonic tendency in winter and anticyclonic in summer. The SCS circulation in the 90s is weaker than in the 60s because of the weaker monsoon system in the 90s. In the upper 50 m the interaction between the SCSTF and ITF is very important. The southward ITF can be blocked by the SCSTF at the Makassar Strait during winter. In summer, part of the ITF feeds the SCSTF flowing into the SCS through the Karimata Strait. Differently from the SCS, the ITF is primarily controlled by the sea level difference between the western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean. The ITF flow, consistently southwestward below the surface layer, is stronger in the 90s.The volume transports for winter, summer and yearly are estimated from the simulation through all the interocean straits. On the annual average, there is a ∼5.6 Sv of western Pacific water entering the SCS through the Luzon Strait and ∼1.4 Sv exiting through the Karimata Strait into the Java Sea. Also, ∼2 Sv of SCS water enters the Sulu Sea through the Mindoro Strait, while ∼2.9 Sv flow southwards through the Sibutu Strait merging into the ITF. The ITF inflow occurs through the Makassar Strait (up to ∼62%) and the Lifamatola Strait (∼38%). The annual average volume transport of the ITF inflow from the simulation is ∼15 Sv in the 60s and ∼16.6 Sv in the 90s, very close to the long term observations. The ITF outflow through the Lombok, Ombai and Timor straits is ∼16.8 Sv in the 60s and 18.9 Sv in the 90s, with the outflow greater by 1.7 Sv and 2.3 Sv respectively. The transport estimates of the simulation at all the straits are in rather good agreement with the observational estimates.We analyze the thermal structure of the domain in the 60s and 90s and assess the simulated temperature patterns against the SODA reanalysis product, with special focus on the shallow region of the SCS. The SODA dataset clearly shows that the yearly averaged temperatures of the 90s are overall warmer than those of the 60s in the surface, intermediate and some of the deep layers and the decadal differences (90s − 60s) indicate that the overall warming of the SCS interior is a local effect. In the simulation the warm trend from the 60s to the 90s in well reproduced in the surface layer. In particular, the simulated temperature profiles at two shallow sites at midway in the SCSTF agree rather well with the SODA profiles. However, the warming trend in the intermediate (deep) layers is not reproduced in the simulation. We find that this deficiency is mostly due to a deficiency in the initial temperature fields provide by the MITgcm. 相似文献
7.
南海西南季风爆发日期及其影响因子 总被引：40，自引：6，他引：34
利用1950～1999年NCEP全球格点日平均资料,在总结南海西南季风爆发前后850 hPa大气环流特征的基础上,提出了一个较为客观的确定南海西南季风爆发日期的大气环流方法.在与1980～1991年其他多种指标确定的爆发日期比较后,作者认为该大气环流方法所确定的爆发日期基本合理,并给出了1950～1999年各年南海西南季风爆发的日期.通过合成对比分析和相关分析发现,前期热带太平洋地区海温异常分布是影响南海西南季风爆发早晚的重要因素.菲律宾以东洋面海温偏高,赤道太平洋中部偏东地区海温偏低,可以使低层西太平洋副高减弱、高层中东太平洋洋中槽加深,印度洋热带地区偏西风偏强,印度洋-太平洋热带地区Walker环流偏强,为热带对流在孟加拉湾-南海地区发展提供了有利的环境.在孟加拉湾南部偏西气流的作用下,南海地区对流活动较为容易发展起来,低层较弱的西太平洋副热带高压也容易较早地撤出南海上空,使得南海西南季风较早爆发.反之亦然. 相似文献
8.
Outputs from a high-resolution data assimilation system,the global Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model and Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation （HYCOM＋NCODA） 1/12° analysis,were analyzed for the period September 2008 to February 2012.The objectives were to evaluate the performance of the system in simulating ocean circulation in the tropical northwestern Pacific and to examine the seasonal to interannual variations of the western boundary currents.The HYCOM assimilation compares well with altimetry observations and mooring current measurements.The mean structures and standard deviations of velocities of the North Equatorial Current （NEC）,Mindanao Current （MC） and Kuroshio Current （KC） also compare well with previous observations.Seasonal to interannual variations of the NEC transport volume are closely correlated with the MC transport volume,instead of that of the KC.The NEC and MC transport volumes mainly show well-defined annual cycles,with their maxima in spring and minima in fall,and are closely related to the circulation changes in the Mindanao Dome （MD） region.In seasons of transport maxima,the MD region experiences negative SSH anomalies and a cyclonic gyre anomaly,and in seasons of transport minima the situation is reversed.The sea surface NEC bifurcation latitude （NBL） in the HYCOM assimilation also agrees well with altimetry observations.In 2009,the NBL shows an annual cycle similar to previous studies,reaching its southernmost position in summer and its northernmost position in winter.In 2010 and 2011,the NBL variations are dominantly influenced by La Ni（n）a events.The dynamics responsible for the seasonal to interannual variations of the NEC-MC-KC current system are also discussed. 相似文献
9.
An introduction to the South China Sea throughflow: Its dynamics, variability, and application for climate 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
The South China Sea throughflow (SCSTF) involves the inflow through the Luzon strait and the outflow through the Karimata, Mindoro, and Taiwan straits. Recent studies have suggested that the SCSTF act as a heat and freshwater conveyor, playing a potentially important role in regulating the sea surface temperature pattern in the South China Sea and its adjoining tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. In this introductory paper, we attempt to convey the progress that has recently been made in understanding the SCSTF. We first provide an overview of existing observations, theories, and simulations of the SCSTF. Then, we discuss its interaction with the Pacific western boundary current and Indonesian throughflow. Finally, we summarize issues and questions that remain to be addressed, with special reference to the SCSTF's dynamics, variability, and implication for climate. 相似文献
10.
南海及邻近海区海况季节变化的模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文中使用改进的美国普林斯顿大学区域海洋环流模式 (POM)对南海及邻近海区海况季节变化特征进行了数值模拟 ,所得的主要结果与海洋观测及已有的一些研究结果相吻合。模拟结果表明 :1～ 1 2月 ,黑潮南海分支是南海北部的一支重要海流 ;黑潮右侧的大尺度反气旋性暖涡全年都存在。在所模拟的海区中 ,南海海区表层海流受季风影响最大 ,季节变化最明显示。改进的 POM对海温的季节变化特征也有较好的模拟能力 ,能再现西南季风爆发前后 ,南海及邻近海区表层海温的突增和暖水区的北推过程 ,以及东北季风开始前后 ,海温的下降过程。这为以后发展区域海气耦合模式奠定了基础。 相似文献
11.
利用国家气象中心1957-2006年基本观测站点逐日降水量资料,NCEP/NCAR所提供的2005年5—7月逐日OLR资料、日平均再分析资料及其相应的多年平均资料,采用诊断分析方法讨论了2005年初夏华南持续强降雨雨情、亚洲季风异常特征及其对华南持续强降雨的影响。结果表明:2005年南海季风在5月第6候爆发,较正常偏晚2候左右,导致华南前汛期比常年同期明显推迟;之后,南亚西南季风倾向于向东传播,西北太平洋副热带高压偏东偏弱,越赤道气流偏弱,使西南季风偏北风分量偏小,而东亚槽偏深,诸多因素使得西南季风在华南一带长时间维持,造成华南持续强降雨。同时还分析了澳大利亚冷高压、青藏高原南部到孟加拉湾一带热源的异常特征及其对亚洲季风和华南降雨的影响。 相似文献
12.
根据热带西太平洋（１３０°－１６０°Ｅ,１０°－２０°Ｎ）上空对流的年际变化,对表面温度、向外长波幅射、８５０ ｈＰａ纬向风进行了合成分析。合成分析结果表明,热带西太平洋上空的弱（强）对流对应着前冬和春季厄尔尼诺（拉尼娜）型的海温异常。与以前的研究结果进行了比较,说明上述海温异常的时空分布也与热带西太平洋和南海季风的爆发早晚相关联。合成分析结果还表明,热带西太平洋上空的弱（强）对流对应着从热带西太平洋向西伸展到盂加拉湾的东风（西风）异常。数值模拟也得到类似的结果。此外,在对流弱（强）的夏季,热带西太平洋上空的对流和南海低层纬向风均表现出弱（强）的季节演变特征。 相似文献
13.
1 INTRODUCTION In the recent years, more and more researches have shown that the effect of Tropical Ocean is very evident in the process of ocean-air interaction; Sea-Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA) takes on global configuration and SSTA in different areas are interrelated and also have their respective characteristics. The SSTA over Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean are interrelated. WU et al.[1] and MENG et al.[2] indicated that the evident positive correlation of inter-annual… 相似文献
14.
Observational and Modeling Studies of Impacts of the South China Sea Monsoon on the Monsoon Rainfall in the Middle-Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River During Summer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Based on the ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,the NOAA Climate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of precipitation(CMAP),and the fifth-generation PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model version 3(MM5v3),we defined a monsoon intensity index over the East Asian tropical region and analyzed the impacts of summer(June-July) South China Sea(SCS) monsoon anomaly on monsoon precipitation over the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLRYR) using both observational data analysis and numerical simulation methods.The results from the data analysis show that the interannual variations of the tropical monsoon over the SCS are negatively correlated with the southwesterly winds and precipitation over the MLRYR during June-July.Corresponding to stronger(weaker) tropical monsoon and precipitation,the southwesterly winds are weaker(stronger) over the MLRYR,with less(more) local precipitation.The simulation results further exhibit that when changing the SCS monsoon intensity,there are significant variations of monsoon and precipitation over the MLRYR.The simulated anomalies generally consist with the observations,which verifies the impact of the tropical monsoon on the monsoon precipitation over the MLRYR.This impact might be supported by certain physical processes.Moreover,when the tropical summer monsoon is stronger,the tropical anomalous westerly winds and positive precipitation anomalies usually maintain in the tropics and do not move northward into the MLRYR,hence the transport of water vapor toward southern China is weakened and the southwest flow and precipitation over southern China are also attenuated.On the other hand,the strengthened tropical monsoon may result in the weakening and southward shift of the western Pacific subtropical high through self-adjustment of the atmospheric circulation,leading to the weakening of the monsoon flows and precipitation over the MLRYR. 相似文献
15.
采用1958—2011年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及ERSST海温资料,分析热带西太平洋夏季对流10~30 d振荡对南海夏季风的影响。在年际变化尺度上,热带西北太平洋夏季10~30 d振荡强度指数 (TWPI) 与南海夏季风强度有很好的正相关关系。在TWPI增强年份,海温主要呈El Ni?o分布,南海周边区域增强的异常西风产生强的正涡度切变,导致异常气旋性环流,为季风槽的增强提供了热量和水汽,从而增强南海夏季风强度。反之,在TWPI减弱年份,海温主要呈La Ni?a分布,南海夏季风强度减弱。在不同的年代际背景下,垂直切变和水汽-对流的总体变化是影响TWPI总体变化的重要因子,但不能影响南海夏季风强度的总体变化。海陆热力对比的总体变化是导致南海夏季风强度总体变化的主要影响因素。 相似文献
16.
利用NCEP逐日再分析资料,计算和分析了1949~2009年的南海季风爆发时间,并分析讨论了南海季风爆发偏早年和偏晚年大气环流的差异。结果表明:1)南海季风的爆发伴随着该地区降水的显著增加,且爆发时间在1958~1997年间呈偏早趋势。2)在南海季风爆发早年相对于晚年,中高层纬向风在青藏高原和西南太平洋西风异常偏强、孟加拉湾和南海有东风异常偏弱。3)在低层,孟加拉湾、南海和东海西风异常偏强、西南太平洋东风异常偏弱;而青藏高原北部塔里木盆地北风异常偏弱、中国中东部、南海和孟加拉湾南风异常偏弱、东海南风异常偏强。亚欧大陆、印度洋、南海和西南太平洋的大气环流异常与南海地区降水关系密切。 相似文献
17.
Climatological characteristics of the moisture budget and their anomalies over the joining area of Asia and the Indian-Pacific Ocean 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The climatological characteristics of the moisture budget over the joining area of Asia
and the Indian-Pacific Ocean (AIPO) and its adjacent regions as well as their anomalies have been
estimated in this study. The main results are as follows.
In the winter, the northeasterly moisture transport covers the extensive areas at the lower latitudes
of the AIPO. The westerly and northerly moisture transport is the major source and the South Indian
Ocean (SIO) is the moisture sink. In the summer, influenced by the southwesterly monsoonal wind, the
cross-equatorial southwesterly moisture transport across Somali originating from the SIO is transported
through the Arabian Sea (AS), the Bay of Bengal (BOB), and the South China Sea (SCS) to eastern China.
The AIPO is controlled by the southwesterly moisture transport.
The net moisture influx over the AIPO has obvious interannual and interdecadal variations. From the
mid- or late 1970s, the influxes over the SIO, the AS, the northern part of the western North Pacific
(NWNP), and North China (NC) as well as South China (SC) begin to decrease abruptly, while those over
Northeast China (NEC) and the Yangtze River-Huaihe River basins (YHRB) have increased remarkably. As a
whole, the net moisture influxes over the BOB and the southern part of the western North Pacific (SWNP)
in the recent 50 years take on a linear increasing trend. However, the transition timing for these two
regions is different with the former being at the mid- or late 1980s and the latter occurring earlier,
approximately at the early stage of the 1970s.
The anomalous moisture source associated with the precipitation anomalies is different from the normal
conditions of the summer precipitation. For the drought or flood years or the years of El Ni\~no and its
following years, the anomalous moisture transport originating from the western North Pacific (WNP) is
the vital source of the anomalous precipitation over eastern China, which is greatly related with the
variation of the subtropical Pacific high. 相似文献
18.
中南半岛对流对南海夏季风建立过程的影响 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
利用RegCM2模式进行数值试验,得到中南半岛对流对北半球副高带断裂、进而对孟加拉湾对流建立具有重要影响,而孟加拉湾对流建立后激发的Rossby波列又是南海夏季风建立的主要因子之一.进一步分析中南半岛对流、副高带断裂及南海夏季风建立的年际变化,得到中南半岛对流的强弱(活跃的早晚)与副高带在孟加拉湾北部断裂及南海夏季风爆发的早晚有密切关系.它们还与海温异常及纬圈环流的变化相联系:当赤道中东太平洋海温偏暖(冷)时,Walker环流偏弱(强),中南半岛对流偏弱(强),副高带断裂偏晚(早),南海夏季风建立偏迟(早). 相似文献
19.
基于1980—2018年罗格斯大学全球积雪实验室积雪面积、英国气象局哈得来中心海温、欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）第5代再分析（ERA-5）土壤湿度、美国国家环境预报中心和美国国家大气研究中心（NCEP/NCAR）再分析、美国国家海洋大气管理局（NOAA）气候预测中心降水（CMAP）和全球降水气候计划降水（GPCP）等数据,采用相关、合成和回归等分析方法,分析了前期青藏高原积雪和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）年际尺度变化对南海夏季风强度及降水的协同影响。结果表明:在年际尺度上,青藏高原积雪、ENSO与南海夏季风变率有密切关系,当青藏高原春季积雪西部偏多且东部偏少时,夏季高原西部对流层温度偏低,在高原上空产生异常下沉气流并向外辐散,引起中国南海地区对流层中低层为异常下沉气流。另外,赤道中东太平洋海温异常偏高则会使夏季印度洋海温异常偏高,对流层温度偏高,在西北太平洋产生东北风异常,加强西北太平洋和中国南海上空的反气旋性环流异常。在青藏高原积雪和ENSO共同影响下,夏季850 hPa中国南海上空反气旋异常进一步加强,南海夏季风强度减弱,降水减少。 相似文献
20.
基于1979—2014年ERA-Interim逐月风场和水汽通量资料及GPCP逐月降水率资料,采用相关分析及合成分析等方法研究了夏季南海低空越赤道气流的变化特征及其与亚澳季风区降水异常的联系。结果表明:1)夏季南海低空越赤道气流强度的年际变化特征明显,具有3~4 a的周期。2)夏季南海低空越赤道气流强度变化与热带东印度洋和海洋性大陆区域降水异常具有显著的负相关关系、与热带西太平洋降水异常存在明显的正相关关系、与我国中部地区降水异常存在较好的负相关关系。3)当夏季南海低空越赤道气流强度偏强时,850 hPa上自阿拉伯海向东一直延伸到热带西太平洋为西风异常,这种环流形势有利于热带西太平洋出现水汽辐合,使得该区域降水出现明显偏多,同时热带东印度洋低层为东风异常,受其影响,热带东印度洋和海洋性大陆区域出现水汽辐散,使得该区域降水偏少;此外,在我国东南沿海为一个气旋式风场异常,不利于来自热带海洋的水汽输送到达我国中部地区,使得该地区降水偏少;反之亦然。4)当夏季南海低空越赤道气流偏强时,东亚地区局地Hadley环流表现为异常偏弱,低空偏南越赤道气流异常在20°N附近与来自北半球的冷空气交汇上升,赤道附近及30~40°N地区出现异常下沉运动,使得热带海洋性大陆区域和我国中部地区降水减少;反之亦然。 相似文献