共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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通过设置粘滞阻尼器减小结构的地震反应是一种有效的被动控制方式,为与现行抗震设计水平相适应,减震结构和控制装置的设计也应该以可靠度为基础。本文结合粘滞阻尼减震结构的受力特性建立了此类耗能减震结构动力可靠度分析的实用简化计算方法。首先通过等价线性化方法,给出了层间三线型恢复力模型的等效平均刚度,粘滞阻尼器采用等效线性化的力学模型,建立了安装粘滞阻尼减震结构的等效线性随机分析模型。然后采用随机状态空间方法进行了粘滞阻尼减震结构的地震反应分析,基于层间变形失效准则和首次超越理论分析了粘滞阻尼减震结构的可靠度,并以粘滞流体阻尼器的变形超过其自身极限变形作为阻尼器的失效模式,讨论了粘滞阻尼器可靠度的计算。最后通过一个设置粘滞流体阻尼器的框架结构计算实例,说明了这种方法的运用。该方法可以作为一种实用的方法对振动控制结构在不同破坏状态下的抗震可靠度进行分析,为基于性能的抗震设计和优化提供参考。 相似文献
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结构附加粘滞阻尼器的抗震设计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文结合抗震设计规范反应谱,给出了一个附加非线性流体粘滞阻尼器结构的抗震设计方法。研究了非线性阻尼器的力学特性,引入了非线性流体阻尼器的等效线性阻尼比,给出了计算最大加速度时刻附加非线性流体阻尼器结构反应的荷载组合系数,提出了按阻尼力的水平力分量与楼层剪力成正比的原则分配阻尼器阻尼系数的方法。同时给出了基于抗震规范设计反应谱附加非线性阻尼器结构的设计流程,通过一个算例说明了使用该方法设计附加非线性粘滞阻尼器结构的全过程。算例分析表明,这种设计方法适合于手算,便于设计人员掌握,在初步设计阶段可以快速、有效地设计满足给定性能水平的附加非线性流体阻尼器体系。 相似文献
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以线性粘滞阻尼器加固剪切型规则框架结构为研究对象,基于能量原理提出阻尼系数正比于层间位移（α+1）次方的分配方式,在此基础上提出了一种基于遗传算法的粘滞阻尼器减震结构优化设计方法。使得中震下结构最大层间位移角小于允许值,以满足"中震不坏"的设计目标,同时令附加总阻尼系数最小,满足经济性要求。以12层规则框架为例,分别采用优化方法和其他三种方案对结构进行减震设计,计算结果表明:基于优化方法进行粘滞阻尼器减震结构优化设计,既能保证结构层间位移角小于限值,又能满足经济性要求。 相似文献
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以双座串联大跨度斜拉桥-珠海洪鹤大桥为背景,根据桥梁自振特性及场地效应,生成了三组人工波,采用纵向+2/3竖向的地震作用组合输入方式,通过非线性时程分析,系统的研究了粘滞阻尼器对双座串联大跨度斜拉桥减震性能的影响。同时为了确定粘滞阻尼器的最优参数,对粘滞阻尼器的阻尼系数C和速度指数α进行了参数敏感性分析。结果表明:设置纵向粘滞阻尼器能够显著减小双座串联斜拉桥的纵向位移响应,减小主梁在串联处发生碰撞的概率,同时改善主塔塔底结构受力情况,具有良好的耗能减震效果。综合考虑安全性、适用性和经济性等方面,最后给出针对洪鹤大桥的最优粘滞阻尼器参数:速度指数α为0.3,阻尼系数C为3 000kN/（m/s）0.3。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(3)
针对某超高墩大跨铁路连续钢桁梁桥,建立了考虑桩-土动力相互作用、超高墩几何非线性P-Δ效应的全桥空间有限元模型,考虑了由于粘滞阻尼的非比例阻尼影响,并通过应变能理论将结构不同部位的振型阻尼引入到分析模型中。基于确定的粘滞阻尼器布置方案,研究了阻尼指数和阻尼系数对结构减震的影响规律,采用参数敏感性分析方法对阻尼器参数进行优化,并分析了其减震性能。研究表明:对于文中分析的桥梁,采用速度指数为0.4的粘滞阻尼器可达到最优的减震效果,能够有效降低各墩水平地震作用,并使高度相近的1、4号墩,以及2、3号墩墩底弯矩和墩顶位移趋于均匀;由于固定墩墩底纵向剪力峰值和非减震模型接近,该类型桥的减震控制应以墩底弯矩和墩顶位移为控制目标;对比基于比例阻尼和非比例阻尼分析模型的地震反应,发现考虑非比例阻尼后超高墩大跨桥梁墩底弯矩和墩顶位移均有所增大,且固定墩墩底弯矩增大更显著,建议进行超高墩大跨粘滞阻尼减震桥梁抗震分析时应考虑非比例阻尼。 相似文献
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非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构减振效果分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
应用并完善了非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构地震反应预测的反应谱方法,通过与时程分析计算结果对比证明了方法的可行性。利用本方法研究了支撑刚度及阻尼器参数对非线性粘滞阻尼器减振效果的影响。通过数值分析,给出了位移降低率达到最佳时支撑刚度取值的建议式。提出了为保证剪力降低率不大于1时非线性粘滞阻尼器参数的控制方法。 相似文献
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本文通过Maxwell模型模拟的黏滞阻尼器连接的2种不同相邻结构的地震反应分析,对阻尼器设置的位置和阻尼参数进行了同时优化。在El Centro波、Tianjin波和Taft波3种较典型的地震动作用下,分别对不同质量比和不同刚度比的主、子结构在无阻尼和有阻尼情况下进行了地震反应分析,并以主结构的顶层最大相对位移最小作为优化目标,寻求出最优的阻尼器摆放位置以及对应的最优阻尼系数。结果显示,当阻尼器选择合适的安放位置和合理的阻尼参数时,主、子结构的地震反应都会有一定程度的降低,从而收到较好的减震效果。 相似文献
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Equivalent damping of SDOF structure with Maxwell damper 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
To predict the maximum earthquake response of an SDOF structure with a Maxwell fluid damper or supplemental brace-viscous damper system using the seismic design response spectrum technique, a new approach is presented to determine the first- and second-order equivalent viscous damping and stiffness, the peak responses, and the damper force of the above structure. Based on the fact that the dynamic characteristics of a general linear viscoelastically damped structure are fully determined by its free vibration properties and the relaxation time constants of a Maxwell fluid damper and supplemental brace-viscous damper system in engineering practice are all small, the method of improved multiple time scales and the equivalent criterion in which all free vibration properties are the same are used to obtain the first- and second-order equivalent viscous damping and stiffness of the above structure in closed form. The accuracy of the proposed method is higher and significantly better than that of the modal strain energy method. Furthermore, in the parametric range of the requirements of the Chinese "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings", the error of the proposed second-order equivalent system for the above-mentioned engineering structure is not more than 0.5%. 相似文献
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The dynamic behaviour of two adjacent single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) structures connected with a viscous damper is studied under base acceleration. The base acceleration is modelled as harmonic excitation as well as stationary white‐noise random process. The governing equations of motion of the connected system are derived and solved for relative displacement and absolute acceleration responses of connected structures. The response of structures is found to be reduced by connecting with a viscous damper having appropriate damping. For undamped SDOF structures, the closed‐form expressions for optimum damping of viscous damper for minimum steady state as well as minimum mean square relative displacement and absolute acceleration of either of the connected SDOF structures are derived. The optimum damper damping is found to be functions of mass and frequency ratio of two connected structures. Further, numerical results had indicated that the damping of the connected structures does not have noticeable effects on the optimum damper damping and the corresponding optimized response. This implies that the derived closed‐form expressions for optimum damper damping of undamped structures can also be used in practical applications for damped structures. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对双薄臂高墩连续刚构桥两侧桥台处主梁与背墙的碰撞现象,基于桥台-背土作用简化模型和Kelvin碰撞模型,采用非线性时程法研究碰撞对双薄臂墩地震剪力、弯矩、曲率和位移,以及支座纵向变形的影响。提出可牺牲背墙、阻尼器、加强型横系梁等三种减碰措施,并对比分析其减碰效果。研究表明:碰撞会显著增大高墩的地震内力和曲率响应,降低墩顶位移和支座的纵向变形;碰撞刚度的变化对碰撞效应的影响在20%以内;可牺牲背墙和阻尼器两种减碰措施均可大幅降低桥墩的地震内力和曲率,使其接近不考虑碰撞时的状态,阻尼器同时还可以保护支座不超过容许变形,而可牺牲背墙则会导致支座的地震破坏;加强型横系梁不能发挥减碰作用,反而会增大桥墩的地震响应。 相似文献
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To avoid unseating of a deck, an adequate seat width must be provided. The seat width is basically determined from maximum relative displacement between two bridge segments. Under a strong ground excitation, pounding between two decks may occur at a joint. The pounding will affect the response of two bridge segments. This research is conducted to investigate the effect of pounding on the relative displacement between two adjacent bridge segments. A simplified analytical model of two linear single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems is employed. To take into account the pounding, the laws of conservation of momentum and energy are applied. The analytical results are represented in the form of relative displacement response spectra with pounding effect. It is found that due to the pounding the relative displacement can be amplified, resulting in the requirement of a longer seat width to support a deck. The formulation of normalized relative displacement response spectra is presented together with an application example. It is found that the seat width determined from the relative displacement response spectra with pounding effect becomes close to the value specified in the Japanese design specifications for structures with large difference of natural periods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Investigated is the accuracy in estimating the response of asymmetric one‐storey systems with non‐linear viscoelastic (VE) dampers by analysing the corresponding linear viscous system wherein all non‐linear VE dampers are replaced by their energy‐equivalent linear viscous dampers. The response of the corresponding linear viscous system is determined by response history analysis (RHA) and by response spectrum analysis (RSA) extended for non‐classically damped systems. The flexible and stiff edge deformations and plan rotation of the corresponding linear viscous system determined by the extended RSA procedure is shown to be sufficiently accurate for design applications with errors generally between 10 and 20%. Although similar accuracy is also shown for the ‘pseudo‐velocity’ of non‐linear VE dampers, the peak force of the non‐linear VE damper cannot be estimated directly from the peak damper force of the corresponding linear viscous system. A simple correction for damper force is proposed and shown to be accurate (with errors not exceeding 15%). For practical applications, an iterative linear analysis procedure is developed for determining the amplitude‐ and frequency‐dependent supplemental damping properties of the corresponding linear viscous system and for estimating the response of asymmetric one‐storey systems with non‐linear VE dampers from the earthquake design (or response) spectrum. Finally, a procedure is developed for designing non‐linear supplemental damping systems that satisfy given design criteria for a given design spectrum. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Damping reduction factors and code‐based design equation for structures using semi‐active viscous dampers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Nikoo Kh. Hazaveh Geoffrey W. Rodgers Stefano Pampanin J. Geoffrey Chase 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(15):2533-2550
This study uses a semi‐active viscous damper with three different control laws to reshape the structural hysteresis loop and mitigate structural response, referred to as 1–4, 1–3 and 2–4 devices, respectively. The 1–4 control law provides damping in all four quadrants of the force‐displacement graph (it behaves like a standard viscous damper), the 1–3 control law provides resisting forces only in the first and third quadrants, and the 2–4 control law provides damping in the second and fourth quadrants. This paper first outlines the linear single degree of freedom structural performance when the three types of semi‐active viscous dampers are applied. The results show that simultaneous reduction in both displacement and base‐shear demand is only available with the semi‐active 2–4 device. To enable guidelines for adding a 2–4 device into the design procedure, damping reduction factors (RFξs) are developed, as they play an important role and provide a means of linking devices to design procedures. Three methods are presented to obtain RFξ and equivalent viscous damping of a structure with a 2–4 semi‐active viscous damper. In the first method, the relationship between RFξ and the damping of a semi‐active structure can be obtained by calculating the area under the force‐deformation diagram. The second and third method modified the Eurocode8 formula of RFξ and smoothed results from analysis, respectively. Finally, a simple method is proposed to incorporate the design or retrofit of structures with simple, robust and reliable 2–4 semi‐active viscous dampers using standard design approaches. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于随机振动理论确定桥梁地震碰撞的临界间隙 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
确定梁桥邻跨间避免地震碰撞的最小间隙,对于梁桥地震碰撞危险性预测及防地震碰撞措施的设计有着显著意义。本文基于随机振动理论建立梁桥地震碰撞邻跨临界间隙的计算方法,分析模型采用跨径不等的两跨简支梁桥,且考虑隔震支座非线性恢复力的影响。文中首先建立了系统的非线性运动方程;随后运用随机等效线性化理论将其线性化;最后在复模态空间推导了临界碰撞间隙的均值与方差的计算方法。人工地震动的非线性时程分析结果验证了本文算法的正确性。参数分析表明,临界间隙随邻跨长度比增大而增大,随支座屈服力与上部结构重量比值减小而增大,随隔震支座屈服位移增大而增大,随桥墩振动周期增大而增大。隔震支座屈服前后刚度比值对临界间隙大小影响很小。 相似文献
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Francesca Barbagallo Melina Bosco Edoardo M. Marino Pier Paolo Rossi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(13):2682-2707
A design procedure for seismic retrofitting of concentrically and eccentrically braced frame buildings is proposed and validated in this paper. Rocking walls are added to the existing system to ensure an almost uniform distribution of the interstorey displacement in elevation. To achieve direct and efficient control over the seismic performance, the design procedure is founded on the displacement‐based approach and makes use of overdamped elastic response spectra. The top displacement capacity of the building is evaluated based on a rigid lateral deformed configuration of the structure and on the ductility capacity of the dissipative members of the braced frames. The equivalent viscous damping ratio of the braced structure with rocking walls is calculated based on semi‐empirical relationships specifically calibrated in this paper for concentrically and eccentrically braced frames. If the equivalent viscous damping ratio of the structure is lower than the required equivalent viscous damping ratio, viscous dampers are added and arranged between the rocking walls and adjacent reaction columns. The design internal forces of the rocking walls are evaluated considering the contributions of more than one mode of vibration. The proposed design procedure is applied to a large set of archetype braced frame buildings and its effectiveness verified by nonlinear dynamic analysis. 相似文献
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Evaluation of a passive gap damper to control displacements in a shaking test of a seismically isolated three‐story frame 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Recent studies have indicated uncertainty about the performance limit states of seismically isolated buildings in very large earthquakes, especially if the isolator displacement demands exceed the seismic gap and induce pounding. Previous research has shown the benefit of providing phased supplemental damping that does not affect the isolation system response in a design event. A phased passive control device, or gap damper, was designed, fabricated, and experimentally evaluated during shake table testing of a quarter scale base‐isolated three‐story steel frame building. Identical input motions were applied to system configurations without a gap damper and with a gap damper, to directly assess the influence of the gap damper on displacement and acceleration demands. The gap damper was observed to reduce displacement demands by up to 15% relative to the isolated system without the gap damper. Superstructure floor accelerations increased substantially because of damper activation, but were limited to a peak of about 1.18 g. The gap damper reduces displacement most effectively if the ground motion contains one or more of the following characteristics: the spectral displacement increases with increasing period near the effective period of the isolation system, the motion is dominated by a single large pulse rather than multiple cycles at a consistent intensity, and the motion has a dominant component aligned with a major axis of the structure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献