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几种典型的油页岩干馏技术 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
介绍了当今世界典型的油页岩干馏技术。对油页岩气体热载体法干馏技术简要介绍了Petrosix技术,Kiviter技术,美国联合油SGR技术,日本Joseco技术和中国抚顺炉技术。重点介绍了固体热载体干馏技术中的Galoter技术,Tosco-Ⅱ技术,LR技术,ATP技术和DG技术。总结出在传统加工路线的基础上开发新工艺是今后的发展方向。在干馏技术选择阶段就应重点考虑有利于环境保护的技术。 相似文献
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随着社会的进步,经济的不断提升,推动了科学技术的更新与完善,出现了越来越多的先进技术,其中就包括了倾斜摄影测量技术,该技术的出现,为我国三维建模与工程测量起到了重要帮助。为了更好的对该技术进行应该用,本文对关于倾斜摄影测量技术的应用及发展前景进行了分析。首先,详细的介绍了倾斜摄影测量技术,增加人们对该技术的了解程度;然后,分析了倾斜摄影测量技术技术的应用与存在的挑战,掌握该技术的最新动态,为之后的发展前景打下良好基础;最后,根据我国科学研究事业的情况,对倾斜摄影测量技术的发展前景进行了探讨,为我国工程测量更好的发展贡献出自己的一份力量。 相似文献
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提出了活动式集雨场的技术方案,分析了该技术方案的优越性和可行性。利用活动式集雨场技术可以广泛增加雨水集蓄利用技术的使用空间,部分实现自压供水,并且能够节省土地,提高水质。高分子材料技术的发展为该项技术提供了可行性。该项技术的结构和操作简单易行,适宜在半湿润季风气候区应用,具有较高的经济和环境效益。 相似文献
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科学超深井钻探技术国内外现状 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
文章阐述了实施科学钻探的必要性,简要回顾了科学钻探技术发展历程。以前苏联科拉科学超深井钻探技术,联邦德国大陆深钻计划(KTB),中国大陆科学钻探工程(CCSD),美国卡洪山口项目钻探技术,美国夏威夷项目钻探技术,湖泊科学钻探技术等为例,介绍了世界各国在实施科学钻探工程过程中形成的特色技术以及取得的技术成就。论述了实施科学钻探工程前,进行人才队伍培养和关键技术准备的必要性。 相似文献
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非开挖技术现状及发展前景 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文综合报道了当今的非开挖技术,简要介绍了非开挖技术的国际规范分类,国内外工程概况,国内外技术差距以及国际上非开挖技术的教育,培训和协会组织等,并根据统计资料,对国内非开挖技术市场的前景进行了分析。8 相似文献
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结合工作经验,分析了高层建筑设计层技术的不足之处,阐述了增加技术层的层高计算方法,技术层的合理利用和技术层应注意的问题。 相似文献
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针对夏明生先生认为“Ma”及其派生单位(如“m/Ma”和“℃/Ma”)在地学期刊中属错误用法的观点,查阅了国家标准GB 3100-93和国际地学期刊有关规定。进而提出“Ma”和“Myr”均可表示“100万年”的观点,并指出这两个单位在国际期刊用法中的区别,即“Ma”用于表示某一地质事件距今的绝对年代(absolute dates),而“Myr”用于表示某一地质事件的延续时间或时间间隔(duration或interval)。另外,还提出了Ma”和“Myr”的派生单位供大家讨论。 相似文献
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西南地区岩溶水源地类型及开发技术条件 总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1
明确了岩溶水源地的定义,并提出了新的岩溶水源地分类方案。首先按岩溶含水层的埋藏分布、岩溶水出露状态,将岩溶水源地划分为天然出露的岩溶水源地及隐伏的岩溶水源地两大类。然后再根据岩溶水源地的岩溶含水介质特征（导水和赋水空间形态、结构及水动力特征）进一步将天然出露的岩溶水源地划分为暗河、泉、表层泉三个亚类,将隐伏的岩溶水源地划分为饱水带富水块段、表层带富水块段两个亚类。并研究评价了各个类型的岩溶水富集规律、动态特征、岩溶水资源、开发技术条件。 相似文献
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地球科学中大地构造理论假说争论的历史经历了山脉臆说的“实在论”与“唯名论”的探索、“塌陷说”与“隆起说”对立时期以及受“形而上学”和“自然哲学”的影响这一过程。“收缩说”统治时期,“机械唯物主义”阻碍了“自然辩证法”的指导;“活动论”兴起后,并未找到先进的地学哲学武器。中国古代有机论自然观蕴藏了丰富的地学哲学思想－有机论辩证唯物主义的天地生整体自然观。“立地之道,曰柔与刚”,“合乎谓之坤,辟乎谓之乾,一合一辟谓之变”,“刚柔相摩,八卦相摩,八卦相荡”等精辟论述。早已从地质哲学高度,把“威尔逊旋回”、“开合运动”等大地构造假说涵蓄其内。大地构造理论的未来发展必然由此获得新的启迪。 相似文献
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Kevin H. Johannesson W. Berry Lyons Suey Huey Georgia a. Doyle Eric E. Swanson Ed Hackett 《Aquatic Geochemistry》1997,3(1):61-97
Water samples were collected from the Truckee River-Pyramid Lake system, the Walker River-Walker Lake system, and the Carson River, all located in eastern California and western Nevada, U.S.A., at three different times (i.e., summer 1991, spring 1992, and autumn 1992) over a two year period. The concentrations of As, Na, Cl, PO4, and pH were measured in these river samples and the associated terminal lakes. Arsenic values ranged from below 13 nmol/kg near Truckee, California to 160 nmol/kg at Nixon, Nevada in the Truckee River, from 40 nmol/kg in the headwaters of both West and East Walker Rivers to 270 nmol/kg below Weber Reservoir on the main branch of the Walker River, and from <27 nmol/kg to 234 nmol/kg for the lower Carson River system. Arsenic concentrations in Steamboat Creek (0.91 mol/kg–1.80 mol/kg) in the Truckee River catchment are above the U.S. EPA drinking water maximum contaminant level of 0.67 mol/kg, as are the As concentrations in both Pyramid Lake (1.33 mol/kg–1.57 mol/kg ) and Walker Lake (13.7 mol/kg–18.7 mol/kg). Sources of As for all three rivers include weathering of As-rich rocks and/or regolith and input of high-As geothermal spring waters, both processes primarily, although not exclusively, adding As to the headwater regions of these rivers. Steamboat Hot Springs (29 mol/kg As 54.5 mol/kg), for example, is identified as a source of As to the Truckee River via Steamboat Creek. The high As concentrations in Pyramid and Walker Lakes are likely due to (1) desorption of arsenate from aquatic particulate matter in these high pH waters (9.0 pH 9.5), (2) limited biologic uptake of arsenate, and (3) evaporative concentration of the lake waters. Evaluation of molar PO4}/As ratios of river waters and geothermal spring waters (e.g., Steamboat Hot Springs), indicates that phosphate is substantially enriched in Steamboat Creek as well as the mid to lower reaches of the Walker and Carson Rivers. These regions of each river are dominated by agricultural interests and, additionally, in the case of Steamboat Creek, residential areas and golf courses. Our data strongly imply that phosphate-rich agricultural return flow has likely added P to these streams and, consequently, increased their respective P:As ratios. 相似文献
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Ritsuo Morishita 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(4):409-434
The concept of an ideal rock texture, in which crystals are distributed randomly in space, is proposed for use in general analysis of rock textures. The spatial correlation function for the ideal rock texture was examined and the function, a specific kind of spatial correlation function, is related to crystal size distribution and to some extent to crystal boundaries. The function is unity at distance zero, and monotonically decreases with increasing distance for the ideal texture. This behavior of the function is observed for any size distribution. In an ideal texture, the function is directly related to crystal size distribution and crystal shape. It is important in stereology because the crystal size distribution in three dimensions may be deduced from analyzing a function that is obtained from analyzing two-dimensional section images. Crystal shape is also related to the function. If crystals are concave in shape, or have inclusions of other phases, the function may show a hump or plateau when plotted against distance. However, the crystal shape effect cannot produce values smaller than zero. If values become negative, the texture is no longer considered ideal. The ideal textures for two model size distributions—step and delta functions—are considered. The rate of decrease of values is more strongly dependent on size distribution than on system dimension. 相似文献
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从地震剖面显示塔里木盆地发育为手风琴式演化史,大体上形成三层"断-坳"结构:(l)震旦系的"断",古生界—三叠系的"坳";(2)侏罗系的"断",白垩系的"坳";(3)古近系的"断",新近系的"坳"。断陷与坳陷分别由拉张与挤压应力场所致,这种应力场的变化是由相邻洋壳板块俯冲倾角由小到大的变化所引起的。由于地壳的多旋回运动,多次发生构造沉积演变,构成了多套生储盖组合,多领域、多种圈闭类型的油气藏,从震旦系—古生界—中生界—新生界,各断陷-坳陷结构的盆地都具有可能形成油气藏的地质条件。 相似文献
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中二叠世茅口组中-下部发育一种特殊的眼球状灰岩, 眼球部分通常为颜色较浅, 富含生屑颗粒的灰岩; 而眼皮部分通常为颜色较暗的泥灰岩。其成因一直存在分歧。本文通过对重庆南川大铺子剖面茅口组底部眼球状灰岩的野外观察和室内研究, 认为陆源输入的改变导致眼球和眼皮部分泥质含量的差异; 在成岩过程中, 碳酸盐沉积物为主的眼球部分因为胶结作用而没有被机械和压实作用破坏, 泥质含量较多的眼皮部分则受到强烈的压实。因此, 该地区眼球状灰岩的形成是沉积和成岩过程相互作用的结果, 为浅海陆棚沉积环境。 相似文献
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Twenty-eight samples of groundwater from bedrock boreholes in three distinct Norwegian geological provinces have been taken and analyzed for content of Rn, U, and Th, together with a wide variety of minor and major species. Median values of 290 Bq/1, 7.6 g/1, and 0.02 g/1 were obtained for Rn, U, and Th respectively, while maximum values were 8500 Bq/1, 170 g/1, and 2.2 g/1. Commonly suggested drinking water limits range from 8 to 1000 Bq/1 for radon and 14 to 160 g/1 for uranium. Radioelement content was closely related to lithology, the lowest concentrations being derived from the largely Caledonian rocks of the Trøndelag area, and the highest from the Precambrian Iddefjord Granite of southeast Norway (11 boreholes) where median values of 2500 Bq/1, 15 g/1 and 0.38 g/1, respectively, were obtained. The Iddefjord Granite is not believed to be unique in Norway in yielding high dissolved radionuclide contents in groundwaters, and several other granitic aquifers warrant further investigation in this respect. 相似文献
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本文讨论了“拉疏隆起－压缩凹陷”－不稳定孕震体特性和形成机理,通过对丽江７．０级地震前滇西地区的地壳形变资料,进一步证实本区有强震发生及发震的地点;讨论了孕震体由“僵硬闭锁”到“不同步加速”,“分离反向”“不均匀掀斜”再度“停滞平衡”甚至“颤抖”等多态不稳变化,是地壳形变的短临地震前兆特征; 相似文献
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Summary A proposal is under consideration to construct a dam on an experimental basis by a cast (or directional) blasting technique, DBT. The dam site is located at Bharari Khad, a tributary of the Sutlaz river in Himachal Pradesh. Site investigations have been completed and a large scale blast has been designed for construction of the experimental dam.The paper describes the basic design concept of DBT and application of throw and caving methods for construction of dams. The preliminary tests required to design the blasting pattern are detailed. The technique has a great potential because it reduces construction cost and time particularly in inaccessible mountain regions. 相似文献