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中等植被覆盖区金矿蚀变TM及JERS－1OPS遥感信息增强技术 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文分析了与金矿化相伴的蚀变矿物(铁氧化物、粘土矿物、碳酸盐矿物)的反射光谱吸收特征及金矿区上覆植被反射光谱对金矿化蚀变信息的干扰,同时介绍了利用植被指数法、比值-主成份变换法和植被掩模法对陆地卫星TM、JERS-1OPS等遥感图像进行处理,压抑植被反射光谱干扰信息和增强金矿化蚀变反射光谱信息的方法和效果。 相似文献
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相山盆地西部是目前相山铀矿田攻深找盲的重要潜力区域,其深部具体的蚀变分带仍有待进一步的研究。成像光谱岩心扫描技术为揭示深部蚀变信息提供了一种新的手段。通过对相山西部牛头山地区的科学深钻进行岩心成像光谱扫描和数据处理,完成了5类蚀变矿物的岩心填图,采用像元分类统计算法获得了整个钻孔的蚀变矿物相对含量编录曲线。通过与地质岩性编录和物探测井曲线的对比,印证了岩心成像光谱编录蚀变信息的可靠性。根据深钻岩心成像光谱编录结果,基底以上可划分为3个蚀变带:上——绿泥石化为主,中——高岭石+地开石化和伊利石(主要是短波伊利石)化为主,下——伊利石(长波伊利石多、短波伊利石少)化为主。钻孔上、下2段铀矿化具有明显不同的蚀变矿物组合特征,反映不同波长伊利石的形成环境具有相对差异性。短波伊利石形成于相对偏酸性的流体环境,与酸性蚀变主导的铀成矿密切相关,长波伊利石形成于相对偏碱性的流体环境,与铀成矿的相关性不高。深钻蚀变分带特征反映了偏酸性的流体活动晚于偏碱性的流体活动,并作用于后者之上,铀伴随着后期的钾交代和偏酸性的流体活动逐渐富集;深部碱交代作用的演化具有钠交代→钾交代→酸交代的总体演化规律。 相似文献
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基于ASTER数据的蚀变矿物信息提取——以哈密黄山铜镍矿区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析哈密黄山铜镍矿区典型地物波谱特征的基础上,设计了基于ASTER数据的蚀变信息提取流程,详细论述了对4组含不同离子或基团的常见蚀变矿物应用主成分分析(PCA)进行蚀变信息提取、采用光谱角制图法(spectral angle mapper,SAM)进行干扰异常筛选的“SAM去干扰异常主分量门限技术”.4组(9种)蚀变矿物包括:含Fe离子的矿物(针铁矿、赤铁矿)、含CO23-基团的矿物(方解石、白云石)、含Al - OH基团的矿物(白云母、蒙脱石、高岭石)以及含Mg - OH基团的矿物(绿泥石、绿帘石).蚀变矿物信息提取结果表明,“SAM去干扰异常主分量门限技术”方法可行,对ASTER数据的应用效果与实际情况比较吻合,充分证明ASTER在短波红外范围内具有很强的矿物刻画能力. 相似文献
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矿物光谱指数是利用比值的方法增强Fe和含OH矿物在可见光、短波红外区间的吸收特征,进而提取蚀变矿物信息的一种方法。由于斑岩型矿床的蚀变分带特征明显,西藏多龙矿集区中集中了斑岩型、浅成低温热液型等铜、金矿床,通过矿物光谱指数的计算提取相关蚀变信息,对该区域的下一步找矿具有指导意义。本文采用矿物光谱指数(5+7)/6、(6+9)/8等方法提取了镁、铝两类羟基及铝羟基类下的高岭石等蚀变信息,采用5/4、2/1的方法提取了二价铁、三价铁的蚀变信息。经过与OLI影像采用PCA方法及野外实地勘查采样,证实了利用本文方法所提取的蚀变信息有效。 相似文献
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层状硅酸盐矿物光谱曲线特征具有较大相似性,在以往可见光-近红外遥感中的区分提取难度较大。本文采用的加拿大先进的热红外航空成像光谱仪(Thermal Airborne Hyperspectral Imager,简称TASI),可获取具有高分辨率的热红外高光谱数据。基于TASI数据并利用热红外波段的发射率光谱可探测出矿物Si-O键振动特征的优势,可做到矿物亚类的区分识别和矿物丰度信息的提取,使硅酸盐矿物亚类中的层状硅酸盐矿物区分提取的精确性得以提高。本文对甘肃北山柳园工作区进行了基于发射率光谱特征的层状硅酸盐蚀变矿物提取实验。通过分析从图像获取的端元光谱曲线特征,并与ASU光谱库标准光谱曲线进行对比,确定目标端元,成功区分出了绿泥石、高岭石等层状硅酸盐矿物,经野外实地验证后,确认所提取信息精确性较高。 相似文献
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烃类微渗漏遥感探测技术是一种油气直接调查方法,主要依据油气藏上方地表的低价铁富集、粘土矿物丰度高和碳酸盐岩含量高等异常现象。通过分析高光谱遥感油气蚀变信息提取理论,研究了各种烃类蚀变矿物在天宫一号(TG-1)高光谱数据上的光谱响应特征;依照突出所需矿物并压制其他地物特征的思想,选取不同解译标志的强吸收和高反射波段,采用比值法进行特征信息增强与提取;开展甘肃省庆阳地区TG-1高光谱数据的油气微渗漏信息提取研究。研究结果表明,研究区地表蚀变遥感异常信息的分布与已有地质分析结果有较好的一致性,与实际的油气区吻合较好,验证了本文方法的可行性,显示了TG-1高光谱数据的油气探测潜力。 相似文献
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《国土资源遥感》2016,(1)
为了对甘肃省金昌市金川铜镍矿床外围地区进行遥感找矿预测,首先根据ASTER数据不同波段的特性分别提取岩性信息和蚀变信息,对热红外(TIR)波段,在采用波段比值法定量提取二氧化硅含量的基础上,利用波段比值计算的岩性指数(lithological index,LI)定量提取基性-超基性岩信息;对可见光-近红外(VNIR)及短波红外(SWIR)波段,运用主成分分析法定性提取高岭土-绢云母化、绿泥石化和蛇纹石化等矿化蚀变信息;然后在ArcGIS平台上,对所提取的矿化蚀变信息进行量化定级和叠加处理,制作综合矿化蚀变异常信息图(其反映的异常范围和强度与已知矿区十分一致);最后利用综合矿化蚀变异常信息,对金川铜镍矿床外围地区进行找矿预测,共圈定出3个找矿预测区,可为寻找同类型的矿床提供参考。 相似文献
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Ali M. Qaid H. T. Basavarajappa S. Rajendran 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(2):305-315
Laboratory reflectance spectra of 18 rock samples from the Precambrian basement of north east of Hajjah were measured and
analyzed using the instrument of FieldSpec3 with spectral range 0.250–2.500 μm. The aim of this study is to use the spectral
reflectance of rocks for mapping the mineral resources in the north east of Hajjah. The altered system in the study area comprises
of silicification, sericitification, oxidation, clay minerals and carbonatization. Silicified alteration is not distinguishable
in the regions of Visible-Near Infrared (VNIR) and Short wave Infrared (SWIR) of the electromagnetic spectrum, because of
lack of diagnostic spectral absorption features in silica in this wavelength. Although the arsenopyrite and pyrite are wide
spread in the whole study area their features do not appear in any range of spectra because they exhibit trans-opaque behavior
and often lack distinction in VNIR and SWIR. The entire spectral reflectance curves of samples show alteration. Based on the
examination of laboratory spectra all samples in the study area show promise in the field of mineral resources. 相似文献
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Y. Divya S. Sanjeevi K. Ilamparuthi 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(3):589-600
This paper examines the hyperspectral signatures (in the Visible Near Infrared (VNIR)-Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) regions) of soil samples with varying colour and minerals. 36 samples of sands (from river and beach) with differing clay contents were examined using a hyperspectral radiometer operating in the 350–2,500 nm range, and the spectral curves were obtained. Analysis of the spectra indicates that there is an overall increase in the reflectance in the VNIR-SWIR region with an increase in the content of kaolinite clay in the sand samples. As regards the red and black clays and sand mixtures, the overall reflectance increases with decreasing clay content. Several spectral parameters such as depth of absorption at 1,400 nm and 1,900 nm regions, radius of curvature of the absorption troughs, slope at a particular wavelength region and the peak reflectance values were derived. There exists a correlation between certain of these spectral parameters (depth, slope, position, peak reflectance, area under the curve and radius of the curve) and the compositional and textural parameters of the soils. Based on these well-defined relations, it is inferred that hyperspectral radiometry in the VNIR and SWIR regions can be used to identify the type of clay and estimate the clay content in a given soil and thus define its geotechnical category. 相似文献
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对沿南水北调中线工程邯郸—永年、南阳、平顶山等地区及襄樊、荆门钟祥地区采集的各类地表、近地表膨胀土样品55件,运用现代XRD定量方法和有机染料吸附方法测量了粘土矿物成分和蒙皂石含量,计算了有效蒙皂石含量,同时测定了它们的可见光短波红外光谱,并参量化计算了吸收光谱的位置、深度、宽度、对称性和面积,统计分析了光谱吸收参量与有效蒙皂石含量及胶粒、粘粒含量之间的关系。结果表明:根据蒙皂石2200nm,1900nm,1400nm吸收的相对强度,可以划分不同的膨胀土类型;根据膨胀土实验室光谱1900nm,1400nm吸收深度和吸收宽度可以估算膨胀土的有效蒙皂石含量及胶粒、粘粒含量;吸收对称性和面积不能运用于与有效蒙皂石含量及胶粒、粘粒含量的光谱估算;运用实验室光谱测量分析,可以在工程现场经济、方便、快捷地识别膨胀土、划分膨胀土类型、估算有效蒙皂石含量及胶粒、粘粒含量,能够产业化应用。 相似文献
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Spatial distribution of altered minerals in rocks and soils in the Gadag Schist Belt (GSB) is carried out using Hyperion data of March 2013. The entire spectral range is processed with emphasis on VNIR (0.4–1.0 μm) and SWIR regions (2.0–2.4 μm). Processing methodology includes Fast Line-of-sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral Hypercubes correction, minimum noise fraction transformation, spectral feature fitting (SFF) and spectral angle mapper (SAM) in conjunction with spectra collected, using an analytical spectral device spectroradiometer. A total of 155 bands were analysed to identify and map the major altered minerals by studying the absorption bands between the 0.4–1.0-μm and 2.0–2.3-μm wavelength regions. The most important and diagnostic spectral absorption features occur at 0.6–0.7 μm, 0.86 and at 0.9 μm in the VNIR region due to charge transfer of crystal field effect in the transition elements, whereas absorption near 2.1, 2.2, 2.25 and 2.33 μm in the SWIR region is related to the bending and stretching of the bonds in hydrous minerals (Al-OH, Fe-OH and Mg-OH), particularly in clay minerals. SAM and SFF techniques are implemented to identify the minerals present. A score of 0.33–1 was assigned for both SAM and SFF, where a value of 1 indicates the exact mineral type. However, endmember spectra were compared with United States Geological Survey and John Hopkins University spectral libraries for minerals and soils. Five minerals, i.e. kaolinite-5, kaolinite-2, muscovite, haematite, kaosmec and one soil, i.e. greyish brown loam have been identified. Greyish brown loam and kaosmec have been mapped as the major weathering/altered products present in soils and rocks of the GSB. This was followed by haematite and kaolinite. The SAM classifier was then applied on a Hyperion image to produce a mineral map. The dominant lithology of the area included greywacke, argillite and granite gneiss. 相似文献
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Yuanjin Xu Zhenfei Zhang Guangdao Hu 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(2):169-178
In order to accurately identify ground objects in the hyperspectral imagery by spectral matching, it is important to analyze
the absorption-band parameters. This paper presents a new spectral matching method which is based mainly on analysis of the
absorption-band position. A measured spectrum of a ground object can be subject to shifts from its real wavelength position;
meanwhile an absorption band in the spectrum can also be shifted relatively. Both these shifts are due to the environmental
effects. Our spectral matching method stresses the quantification of the total shift of the absorption-band position, thus
to get a possible offset range of the measured absorption bands. This offset range is taken as a constraint on the matching
process. The pixel spectrum in the image is then compared to each known reference spectrum in a spectral library previously
built, so that the ground object corresponding to the reference spectrum is identified. A case study is conducted in Pulang
Porphyry Copper deposit, Zhongdian county, Yunnan, China. Five types of ground objects were studied and it is shown that our
methods can get more accurate identification results than the approach which does not consider the shift ranges. 相似文献
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天宫一号高光谱数据是继美国Hyperion之后,另一种可应用于地质领域的成像光谱数据.面向地质应用特点与需求,针对反射率产品开展全面、定量的数据质量评价对于深化应用研究具有重要意义.但是,由于航天成像光谱数据与地面实测波谱空间尺度差异甚大,在荒漠戈壁区选取自然地物进行波谱测试,并对其开展评价,特别是定量评价,非常困难.本文以航空HyMap数据为传递,完成了天宫一号成像光谱数据质量的定量评价.结果表明,在矿物识别采用的主要短波红外谱段,天宫一号高光谱数据的信噪比明显优于Hyperion数据.采用2190—2230 nm、2310—2355 nm两个谱段的吸收深度初步对天宫一号高光谱短波红外数据真实性进行了评价,经过校正后,天宫一号数据Al-OH、Mg-OH/CO32-矿物大类或组合的漏提率从71%、67%减小至29%、28%,可有效提高弱信息的检出率. 相似文献
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A new approach to the analysis of hyperspectral data for the purpose of surface compositional mapping is presented in this paper. We use an interpolated value of the absorption band position and the absorption band depth for the diagnostic of mineral absorption features. Using thresholds for this depth and position, the data is transformed to indicator [0,1] values. By kriging these values, we obtain the probability of exceeding certain absorption depth and the probability of a pixel exhibiting absorption features within a specified wavelength region. Using Bayesian statistics, the indicator kriging derived probabilities are used to produce a hard classification result. By adapting the prior probabilities to the dominant mineralogy in the various alteration facies mapped, data stratification is achieved. The classification results are compared to results derived using the spectral angle mapper and maximum likelihood classification. In addition, the results are statistically compared to field spectral data classified into dominant mineralogy. The indicator approach and the spectral angle mapper produce favourable results relative to field data and in comparison to the maximum likelihood classifier. A data set from the Rodalquilar high-sulfidation epithermal gold system in SE Spain, consisting of HyMAP airborne imaging spectrometer data and ASD field spectra focusing on the key minerals alunite, kaolinite, illite and chlorite, is used to illustrate the methodology. 相似文献
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S. Rajendran A. Thirunavukkaraasu B. Poovalingaganesh K. Vinod Kumar G. Bhaskaran 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2007,35(2):153-162
The remote sensing community in geology is widely using the Multispectral Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data which has a wider
choice of spectral bands (six between 0.45 and 2.35 μm, plus a thermal infrared channel 10.4-12.5 urn). These were evaluated for low-grade magnetite ores mapping over the high-grade
granulite region of Kanjamalai area of Tamil Nadu state, India. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data (0.4-4.0
μm) for powders of the magnetite ores exposed with granulite rock and published spectral reflectance data were used as guides
in selecting TM band reflectance ratios, which maximize discrimination of magnetite ores on the basis of their respective
mineralogies. The study shows that the weathering mineralogy of magnetite ores causes absorption features in their reflectance
spectra which are particularly characteristic of the near infrared. Comparison of TM data with field and petrographic observations
shows the presence of magnetite and aluminosilicate minerals & show strong absorption at 0.7-1 μ.m wavelength spectral region
& increase in the product of two TM band ratios: band 5 (1.55-1.75 μm) to band 4 (0.76-0.9 μm) and band 3 (0.63-0.69 μm) to
band 4 (0.76-0.9 μm). Various computer image enhancement and data extraction techniques such as interactive digital image
classification techniques using color compositing stretched ratio, maximum likelihood and thresholding statistical approaches
using Landsat TM data are used to map the low-grade magnetite ores of the granulite region. The field traverses and local
verification enhanced to map the other rock types namely granulites and gneisses of the study area. 相似文献