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1.
Diaspora strategies in the sending states of Southeast Asia: Rights,skills and questions of value 
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下载免费PDF全文 Maureen Hickey 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(2):147-163
Over the past decade there has been a surge of academic and policy interest in the contributions of transnational migrants in furthering national development objectives in their ‘home’ countries. These approaches tend to be bifurcated into two distinct categories: (1) ‘diaspora strategies’ that target the participation in national development objectives of sought‐after elite, high‐skilled migrants and (2) migration‐as‐development strategies, which focus on facilitating and channeling the economic and social remittances of nonelite, low‐skilled migrants. Although these broad categorizations have never been entirely adequate in capturing the complexity of international migration flows, a conceptual division between them persists, with very real consequences for state policies in migrant‐sending countries in Southeast Asia. This paper explores the separation between diaspora strategies and migration‐as‐development frameworks through a focus on rights and skills, and questions of relative labour value. I argue that while diaspora strategies and migration‐as‐development frameworks cannot simply be merged, the academic separation between them should be challenged and more in‐depth theoretical engagement should be encouraged. I further suggest that migration policy makers should strive to evaluate their migration policies to address the increasing complexities of contemporary migration. 相似文献
2.
Ian G. Baird 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2009,30(3):298-311
Initiatives designed to bring about social and spatial change, whether implemented by governments, international agencies, nongovernment organizations or private companies, invariably have an impact on how people perceive ‘places’– defined as spaces with particular meanings. In southern Laos and northeastern Cambodia the ethnic Brao peoples are facing rapid social and spatial changes as a result of a wide range of initiatives, many of which are associated with ‘development’. Case studies on internal resettlement from the uplands to the lowlands, the redesigning of living spaces, and the implications of protected national park establishment and management are discussed in relation to a four‐point typology of what is required to constitute place. The role of social and spatial (re)organization on place amongst the Brao is considered, including how peoples' conceptions of place are being altered and how the Brao are variously responding to efforts to (re)organize them and reconstitute their places. 相似文献
3.
Joanna Tonge Susan A. Moore Maria M. Ryan Lynnath E. Beckley 《The Australian geographer》2013,44(2):143-160
Although there have been numerous studies of the meanings ascribed to terrestrial places, their applicability or otherwise to coastal and marine places has received limited attention. Through the process of photo-elicitation, the meanings ascribed to a remote coastal camping environment are examined, with the coastline of Ningaloo Marine Park in north-western Australia the focus for this study. Thirty participants were provided with digital cameras and the ascribed place meanings were explored when their photographs were discussed in subsequent in-depth interviews. Key meanings related to the physical environment providing opportunities for escape, participating in multiple marine-based activities, bonding with family and like-minded people, and offering a rewarding experience that makes everybody happy. This emergent meaning of ‘everybody's happy’ progresses the understanding of the affective elements of place, especially those realised by families and groups of friends. The paper traces important implications of this meaning, and provides a paradoxical perspective on isolation evident from the interviews, for managing coast-based recreation. 相似文献
4.
Judith Carney 《Geographical review》2017,107(3):433-451
Mangroves emerged a crucial habitat for Africans and their descendants during the transatlantic slave trade. Europeans avoided mangroves because of the deadly fevers that frequently claimed the lives of those who ventured there. Many were felled by lethal falciparum malaria, against which Africans alone carried genetic resistance. The transatlantic slave trade spread the disease‐causing plasmodium to New World Anopheles mosquitoes through infected bloodstreams, extending African mangroves’ pestilential reputation to the Neotropics. On both sides of the Atlantic, an environment Europeans feared provided Africans food, basic necessities, and sometimes, refuge from slavery. In Neotropical mangroves Africans largely replaced declining Amerindian populations, who were also immunologically vulnerable to the introduced plasmodium. Today, African descendants in Old and New World mangroves demonstrate longstanding human use of this ecosystem. Comparison of shellfish gathering and gendered collection patterns in mangroves recognizes Amerindian and African influences in Neotropical mangroves and illuminates the connections to transatlantic diasporic history. The discussion considers how a more‐than‐human geography shaped “place‐based knowledge” of mangrove swamplands that remained marginal to European territorializing during the colonial period. African and Afro‐descendant place‐making underscores the ways people, plants, insects, microbes, shellfish, and tides framed geography and diasporic identity at the periphery of the Atlantic world. 相似文献
5.
地方依恋对城市居民社区参与的影响研究 ——以广州为例 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
基于2015年广州市1 273份居民问卷调查和半结构性访谈数据,结合逐步LPM回归和中介效应模型,探讨地方依恋和社区参与两者关系中存在的中介效应及其传导机制,并系统对比本地居民与外来移民之间的差异。研究发现：① 社区居民的地方依恋能够直接提升其社区参与期望;② 社区参与行为作为一个中介变量,在地方依恋对社区参与期望的影响中发挥中介效应;③ 对比本地居民,外来移民的社区参与行为和期望程度相对较低;④ 外来移民的社区参与行为对其社区参与期望影响的中介效应相对较弱。揭示了中国城市居民社区参与中存在户籍制度壁垒,需要进一步通过社区公共服务均等化措施,提升居民尤其是外来移民的获得感、幸福感和安全感。 相似文献
6.
J.M. Powell 《The Australian geographer》1997,28(1):39-52
This exercise in a type of applied historiography begins by annotating aspects of reform in Western education from the 1880s to the 1930s, an interval which exhibits the responses of ‘new’ subjects to political and social demands for improved civics education, and encompasses the inauguration of a recognisably ‘academic’ geography in Australia. Designedly, since the nominated period also incorporates the early life and career of pioneering geographer Griffith Taylor, the discussion probes beneath the strata of obfuscatory generalisation to relate one individual's engagement with the vortex of change. More specifically, it extracts a few lessons from Taylor's approach to ‘Nation‐Planning’ to suggest an appropriate orientation to current reformism in Australian education. It is argued that, while this trend questions the civic utility of established disciplines, it has been badly served by a disturbing ignorance of the social and intellectual heritage of the subjects under challenge. 相似文献
7.
在剖析地域性认同双重内涵及其与土地利用关系的基础上,结合SoftGIS技术,研究构建土地利用地域性认同测度方法,并以荷兰为例进行实证分析。数据分析显示,传统GIS数据可与土地利用认知数据相融合,基于核密度修正法构建的土地利用地域性认同指数可测度地域性认同的空间差异,应用于土地利用评价或规划决策。结论表明,测度平台在问卷设计和调查空间尺度上具有灵活性,数据收集快捷,通过平台的高清卫星地图定位,调查对象可反馈空间准确、情景真实的土地利用地域性认同信息。 相似文献
8.
地球系统科学与地球信息科学 总被引：56，自引：7，他引：49
地球系统科学不是脱离社会而存在的一门科学,不是纯自然的科学。研究地球系统科学应该始终如一贯穿"顶天立地"的统一性原则:"顶天"即研究全球变化,"立地"则面向区域持续发展。区域模型和宏观调控信息系统依次作为两个中间层次,有机地将全球变化研究和区域持续发展联系起来,构成地球系统科学体系;时代进步和社会发展要求:地球系统科学研究要运用空间信息技术工具和手段,以服务区域持续发展为最终目标.区域持续发展要依靠宏观调控,宏观调控则依靠信息。地理信息系统作为空间信息技术组成部分,直接参与实现区域持续发展,成为地球系统科学的一个重要支柱。 相似文献
9.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(1):36-45
The paper presents empirical data on motivation for mountain biking in Norway. In the study a mountain biker was defined as a person who had cycled on rough trails or in difficult terrain more than ten times during the previous year. The research sought to establish the degree to which the motivation for the ‘modern’ activity of mountain biking differs from the motivation for more ‘traditional’ outdoor recreational activities. In 2002 two surveys were conducted among bikers to take into account two different ways of practising mountain biking. A factor analysis was undertaken with 27 items from the Recreation Experience Preference (REP) scales to establish the relative importance of various kinds of motivation. Participants rated the importance of the factors on a scale from 1 (not at all important) to 5 (very important). ‘Physical exercise’ scored a mean value of 4.46, ‘contemplation’ 3.91, ‘nature & place’ 3.52, ‘speed & excitement’ 3.43, ‘managing challenges’ 3.35, ‘social relations’ 2.49, and ‘equipment & appreciation’ 2.02. The paper concludes that a theoretical perspective which focuses on both change and stability in cultural development in the late-modern period is necessary for a nuanced understanding of the complexities of Norwegian outdoor recreation today. 相似文献
10.
“遗产化”是一个动态复杂的社会过程。基于在海南省琼海、文昌两市的田野调查,采用“自上而下”和“自下而上”相融合的研究路径,分析手抄南海航行路线指南《更路簿》“遗产化”路径和影响机制,以及交织在其中的复杂社会关系和地方影响因素。研究表明：“他者”和海南渔民在《更路簿》“遗产化”过程中会产生相互作用,其作用力量强于“我者”;《更路簿》由渔民家庭内部相传的用于出海作业的“秘本”转为公共领域的具有主权物证价值的“文化遗产”,渔民被赋予了南海“发现者” “经营者”的身份标签;文物收集和文化活动推进了“遗产化”并使不同群体产生互动,“我者”可在“他者”开展的遗产工作中干预“他者”的遗产认知和行为方式;《更路簿》可转化为旅游资源,但尚未形成强有力的“卖点”带动旅游业,居民在利用其带来的经济机会方面处于弱势;“遗产化”有助于《更路簿》记忆的复现和保存,但渔民的“个体记忆”被削弱,也使地方文化结构被重构;《更路簿》在琼海的植根性和“遗产化”效果强于文昌。 相似文献
11.
Nelson Turgo 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2013,34(3):373-389
Home‐based neighbourhood stores (locally known in the Philippines as sari‐sari stores) are a ubiquitous feature of most Philippine communities. They are small to medium‐size trade stores not unlike convenience stores in the West where people buy goods in small quantities. In the Philippines, these stores play a vital role in providing everyday economic sustenance to low‐income communities. But more than an economic hub, sari‐sari stores also function as a social hub that connects people and acts as eyes and ears of the community through the people who make use of their services. In a sense, sari‐sari stores are the community's ‘myopticon’ where people's day‐to‐day dealings with everyone in the community and its environs are reported and discursively brought under the gaze of the ‘entire community’. Being myopticon as opposed to Foucault's panopticon, surveillance in sari‐sari stores is partial, non‐hierarchicalized and could be resisted by people in the community. Nonetheless, regardless of the ‘myoptic’ features of sari‐sari stores, their presence in the community ‘interpellates’ everyone's daily existence and instantiates a discursive space from which a structure of informal social control is enacted among community members. Sari‐sari stores then are an important reminder of how our built environment is also about contestation and negotiation of everyday life as we make use of space and as the architectonics of space both constrain and empower our manoeuvring in places. 相似文献
12.
Matthew Wilhelm‐Solomon 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2016,37(3):378-395
In January 2012 the residents of an inner‐city tenement building in Doornfontein, Johannesburg, were evicted on a court order. The building was situated in a post‐industrial neighbourhood in which thousands of South Africans and foreign nationals, many blind or disabled, live in unlawfully occupied buildings without access to water, basic sanitation, electricity and waste management services. Such buildings are known in policy discourse as ‘bad buildings’, and informally as ‘dark buildings’, invoking both a sense of developmental failure and spiritual insecurity. In this paper I analyse how urban renewal policies created social divisions and alliances not only among the residents of Chambers, which were channelled along nationalist lines, but also between the able‐bodied and disabled, and produced new social alliances. In particular, I document how a group of blind Zimbabweans experienced threats of violence and accusations of betrayal, as they were offered alternate accommodation by the evicting company because of their disability. I argue here that the pressures of private‐sector housing developments intersected with the insecurities and divisions of inner‐city social spaces and also fostered new alliances. Following the work of Deleuze and Guattari, I invoke the concept of ‘decoding dispossession’, proposing that ongoing evictions and dispossessions are characterized by simultaneous movements of ‘decoding and deterritorialization’ and ‘overcoding‐reterritorialization’. 相似文献
13.
民族文化重构实践中的身份与地方认同——仡佬族祭祖活动案例 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
在文化转向思潮的引领下,新文化地理学从注重结果向注重过程转移,更强调地理事象所发生的空间过程及其内化在特殊地域系统中的社会关系。在这一过程中,景观的符号象征意义和表征作用得到重新解读。以民族文化为旅游吸引物的发展背景下,通过对贵州世居民族仡佬族官方祭祖活动的参与式观察和相关群体的深度访谈,发现民族精英为将务川树立为仡佬族族群的中心,重构了"九天天主"及其祭祖仪式和场所,地方意义由此发生了改变‘,小塘石笋’由自然景观变为仡佬族族群的文化中心景观。"仡佬之源"的地方中心性空间策略虽扩大了仡佬族的知名度,提升了地方影响力,但祭祀活动却呈现出精英的"台上"认同与民众"台下"认同的对立。这一分歧的根本原因是当地仡佬族模糊的身份记忆以及仡佬族作为散居族群的文化多元性所致。在仡佬族祭祖的文化实践中,精英通过各种社会关系和权力影响和重构了地方身份认同,而地方的民族身份认同又影响地方意义的重构。文章指出,没有民众的"自下而上"支持,悬置于族群之上的官方主导的文化重构实践具有很大的脆弱性。研究对完善地方感研究中主体性缺失及地方与认同研究中身份认同研究不足具有重要的理论意义。 相似文献
14.
Stephen Hill 《New Zealand geographer》2011,67(1):16-20
Geographers and psychologists both seek to understand people's behaviour and their cognitive and emotional lives so it is somewhat surprising that there has not been more theoretical cross‐fertilisation of the two disciplines. ‘On time, place and happiness’ is a rare but welcome exception, showing how research in social‐cognitive psychology might usefully clarify thinking about temporality, place and well‐being. This commentary examines several additional human memory phenomena that geographers might like to consider in their theorising about these matters. 相似文献
15.
Kay Anderson 《The Australian geographer》2005,36(3):267-282
This account sets itself against the binarism of physical versus cultural determinism that drives population–environment debate over people's place on the Australian continent. In reading back into colonial times, it evokes ‘our’ unresolved sense of relation to nature on a continent that has pressed awkward buttons since the time the botanist on Cook's Endeavour, Joseph Banks, first mused over the apparent contradiction on the east coast of human presence and uncultivated land. Australia's ‘state of nature’, including its inhabitants, elicited tensions in Anglo-Celtic peoples’ ambiguous relation with nature that have never gone away or been resolved. Indeed, I argue, against the background of what was considered in eighteenth-century Enlightenment thought to be a distinctly human separation from, and capacity to rise above, nature, that the Australian state of nature/native precipitated a crisis in prevailing ideas of ‘the human’. As consternation grew into the nineteenth century about the very capacity of Aboriginal people for improvement, and particularly for cultivation, I argue they challenged the basis upon which the unity of humankind had been assumed in Enlightenment thought. They could not be comprehended, according to the prevailing conception of racial difference, as a mere variety of the human. The radical idea of innate human difference may thus be understood as arising out of this incomprehension, as an attempt to account for the ontologically inexplicable difference of the Australian Aborigine. This lecture's excursion into the origins of ‘race’ is by way of highlighting the uncertainty of the divide between the human and non-human worlds. Imagining an entangled world of living things may help to craft fresh lines of debate about modes of environmental belonging and becoming on this continent that overcome the stale binaries and blind spots of Australia's population–environment debate. 相似文献
16.
Nicolas Lewis 《New Zealand geographer》2012,68(3):168-174
This review responds to Richard Peet's ‘policy regimes’ account of New Zealand's neoliberal experiment published in this volume of the New Zealand Geographer. It welcomes Peet's intervention, especially its comparative approach and its political economy focus, but suggests further insight may have been gained from closer engagement with the work of New Zealand geographers. The review argues that Peet misses opportunities to learn from the New Zealand case. The review subjects a ‘northern’ account of southern experience to a critique by ‘splitting’, a characteristically southern approach to analysing social change from the Antipodes that pays close attention to the situatedness of knowledge production. 相似文献
17.
“噪”起来：广州音乐现场的文化地理研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
将广州的音乐现场看作一个承载制造“噪音”的场所,以6个现场音乐酒吧为具体案例,通过定性分析的方法探讨音乐现场如何连结不同人和不同的地方,以及如何被建构成一个“动态”的空间和“越轨”的地方。研究结果表明：音乐现场作为一种动态的物质文化空间,由经营者、组织者、音乐人和乐迷通过社会实践共同建构而成,成为所有音乐演出参与者之间的关系及其与不同地理尺度之间关系的节点;音乐现场作为一个“越轨”的地方,将音乐现场的“局内人”和“局外人”区分。上述结论回应和丰富了现有音乐地理研究的内容和成果,并对中国超越“看的方式”进行文化地理研究提供了新的切入点。 相似文献
18.
选取并分析585篇与新动物地理学相关的西方文献,进一步梳理了理论起源及研究议题,发现：① 1995—2005年是新动物地理学的探索起步阶段,2005年至今则是蓬勃发展阶段;② 英国是该研究领域的中心地区;③ 当前新动物地理学研究主要通过“以人类为中心”（动物空间）和“以动物为中心”（兽性地方）两大线索展开,前者重点关注于人类世界,研究话题涉及人类社会不平等、作为人类社会生产要素的动物和人类对动物的生命管治,后者则在新的认识论与方法论的基础上,发展形成了其主要议题,包括动物主体性和能动性、动物伦理再思考以及人类动物和谐共存的实践探索。 相似文献
19.
综合采用质性和定量方法,从社会阶层、物质环境和消费方式等层面研究佛山岭南天地的旅游绅士化现象,并分析原住民在绅士化过程中的情感特征。结果发现,物质环境改造加速了地方社会阶层的更替,原住民大多被游客、中产阶级和房产投资者所替代,空间利用方式呈现出高度商业化特征。旅游绅士化虽有力地推动了地方的环境改造和经济发展,却衍生出阶层更替、社会排斥和空间隔离等副产品,使传统的本地化生活空间转变为“资本空间”与“消费空间”。城市历史街区改造不同于一般城市更新,街区更新应以地方性为落脚点,尊重原住民的情感与历史记忆,不应简单通过商业化手段推进历史街区更新。 相似文献
20.
Anne Godlewska 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):384-389
This article describes an experiment in learning with a course on “research and philosophies of place and space” in which students were repeatedly dislocated from an environment familiar to them and replaced in key locations about the city with local place experts as their guide. The article begins with a review of the meaning of place and the opportunities offered by the City of Kingston for reflective engagement. It briefly hints at some of the social trends devaluing place learning and the consequently political nature of this pedagogy. Finally, it summarizes the lessons learned in five of the ten classes. 相似文献