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1.
“面向区域”的GIS控件的设计与使用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文提出了一个“面向区域”GIS控件的概念———即以特定的地理区域为对象,将基础地理信息连同有关的GIS功能操作融合为一个可重用的程序模块,以Microsoft的COM(即“组件对象模型”)技术为基础,组织为“GIS化”的ActiveX控件。这种GIS控件,将面向对象技术中的“对象”扩展到了整个特定的地理区域空间,其核心思想是不仅封装了GIS的数据模型,必要的功能操作,而且封装了所有的基础地理信息。由于省去了对空间数据的处理,因而这种GIS控件可被广大非GIS专业的信息系统开发者灵活、简便地用于各种管理信息系统、办公自动化系统和决策支持系统的GIS功能扩充,也可用于构建一般的地理信息系统,因而有利于GIS技术应用的普及。文章最后给出了有关陕西省的应用实例 相似文献
2.
Public debate and prior scholarship tend to emphasize the link between gentrification and high-end chain retail, underscoring the importance of taste cultures tied to social class in making sense of gentrification’s impact on neighborhood identity. In this study, we present evidence from 10 years of change in the businesses of Brooklyn, New York City, a period of extensive gentrification across a wide variety of neighborhood and census-tract level contexts. Adopting census tracts clustered in neighborhoods as the units of analysis, we model the effects of institutional and demographic change on two separate outcomes: chain retail density and homogeneity in the types of goods and services available. We argue that changes in consumer culture embedded in broader processes of gentrification are neither “chaotic” nor “unitary” but are “segmented” according to local spatial and demographic context, taking two discrete forms: institutionally facilitated corporatization; lifestyle-driven homogenization. 相似文献
3.
基于活力特征分析的城市安置社区公共空间研究——以苏州城区6个安置社区为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
由“散居”到“集居”,安置社区面临社会关系重建的巨大压力。基于公共空间活力内涵,采用AHP-模糊综合评价法,构建了城市安置社区公共空间活力评价模型,以苏州市6个安置社区为例,对3种安置模式的社区公共空间活力特征进行定量评价和比较。发现：① 不同安置模式的社区公共空间活力存在明显差异。尽管异地安置社区的公共空间的设施完备、类型多样,但是其公共空间的社会活力度最低。对于公共空间活力提升,社区公共空间背后的社会属性比其物质属性更为重要。②公共空间因子活力度与关注度存在不匹配现象。基于“社会-空间”辩证互动逻辑,提出安置社区公共空间活力营造策略： 对于今后安置社区,适宜“村内小集居+跨村大聚居”的安置模式,通过最大程度维系原有“熟人社区”群体的社会边界,提升公共空间活力,减轻社区社会关系重建的压力;对于现有安置社区,可根据公共空间因子活力度和关注度的匹配关系,划分公共空间改造的优先级,采用差别化的改造策略,提升公共空间活力及其改造资金的使用效率。 相似文献
4.
PATRICIA NELSON LIMERICK 《Geographical review》1998,88(4):483-491
ABSTRACT. Adopting the persona of the nonacademic, J. B. Jackson was, nonetheless, a major influence on academic scholarship. Expertly and deftly, he played on his understanding of scholarly convention, pushing the boundaries of “legitimate” generalization and assertion. Careful observation of his style reveals eight strategies for testing, mocking, and challenging habits of mind that can unnecessarily constrict scholarly inquiry. From daring in the drawing of conclusions to the wily use of the pronoun “we,” from a refusal to defer to middle-class values to the baiting of environmentalists, Jackson at once had a good time and called much of academic propriety into question. An examination of his “game plan” gives scholars a chance to examine their own habitual practices. 相似文献
5.
JOHN WESTERN 《Geographical review》2008,98(4):532-550
ABSTRACT. Over the past quarter‐century academic geographers have interrogated the concept of “scale.” It had previously been conceived as an unproblematic and mechanical item in geographical representation, a device for moving “up” from the finely detailed to the general. Regular, commonsensical steps were supposed to move one from the corporeal scale to the global scale, each scale nested into the next higher. Such is the “Russian‐dolls” mode, whereby an individual considering his or her geographical identity—as in this study—would proceed hierarchically in scale from self, to city, to region, to nation, to continent. Ethnographic evidence from Strasbourg, France, however, reveals another mode: “scale skipping.” Here an individual, musing upon her or his identity, can plausibly make the leap from the individual to the supranational scale in one sentence. Instructive examples of both modes are furnished from two fifteen‐strong groups of Strasburgers, selected for their presumed attachment to the supranational‐scale ideal of “Europe.” The older group comprises professional Eurocrats; the younger group, college students returning to complete their studies in Strasbourg after attending universities elsewhere in the European Union through the Erasmus Program of study abroad. 相似文献
6.
Merrill Baker-Médard 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(6):723-737
Drawing on ethnographic case studies from Madagascar, this research shows that multiple marine conservation projects have institutionalized inequitable access to marine recourses along gendered lines. Despite discursive and institutional shifts toward more “collaborative” and “community-based” conservation programing, there is a deficiency of women’s nominal as well as effective participation in community management organizations. This research shows that conservation organizations’ focus on proximate drivers of marine resource use, or a politics of picking the “low-hanging fruit,” over ultimate drivers such as global commodity chains, places disproportionate emphasis on marine spatial enclosures and restricting specific, and gendered, harvest methods. To address gender bias concerning access to and control over natural resources, we must go beyond the rhetoric of “community involvement” to address gendered inequalities in conservation decision making, and whose interests are served by conservation projects. 相似文献
7.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(1):3-9
Abstract G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924), founding president of Clark University, was a leader in the child study movement and a significant figure in psychology and education in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Hall had pronounced opinions on many educational subjects, including the teaching of geography. His criticisms and program for the reform of school geography were based on a mix of European ideas of heimatkunde or “home geography,” developmental or “genetic” psychology, and his work in the child study and nature study movements. This article traces Hall's involvement with geographic pedagogy from the 1880s through World War I, including his sponsorship of the first American Ph.D. dissertation in the teaching of geography, completed at Clark in 1906. 相似文献
8.
Karen M. Morin 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):534-543
This article explores the “unpopular” archived life of Charles P. Daly, thirty-five-year president (1864–1899) of the New York–based American Geographical Society. This one-time highly prominent judge and civic leader popularized geography among professionals and the public alike. Daly's popular geography, along with his subsequent containment within the archives, suggests explanations for his dismissal among geographical audiences of today. It is a useful and necessary exercise to trace the neglect of Daly within histories of geography and recapture him for today's audiences, not only because of his influence on post–Civil War American geography but also because his story can shed light on how “disciplinary remembering” functions in geography. 相似文献
9.
HELEN LEFKOWITZ HOROWITZ 《Geographical review》1998,88(4):465-473
ABSTRACT. Understanding what the American landscape meant to J. B. Jackson requires an exploration of his background, education, and antagonism to the International Style. No full critique of modernism appears in Jackson's mature published work. However, knowledge that the first issues of Landscape magazine in 1951 and 1952 were the work of a single author leads to discovery of Jackson's pseudonyms, especially H. G. West, P. G. Anson, G. A. Feather, and A. W. Conway. This article examines Jackson's pseudonymous writings and links them to his well-known essays on the landscape: “The Westward-Moving House,” “Other-Directed Houses,” and “Southeast to Turkey.” 相似文献
10.
Maps are an increasingly used source of information and it is therefore essential to develop map skills in students. A fundamental factor affecting the choice of map skills and the way they are developed is the teacher and his/her concept of map work. Based on the results of a survey and semi-structured interviews among Czech teachers, this study identifies three basic conceptual types of teachers: “Navigators” and “Problem-Oriented” and “Source-Oriented” teachers. Similarities with teachers’ concepts of map-skill development identified in previous studies are discussed together with means of improvement. 相似文献
11.
WILLIAM A. KOELSCH 《Geographical review》2012,102(4):510-524
The conventional narrative regarding the American reception of George Perkins Marsh, author of Man and Nature (1864), is that his work and ideas were “lost,”“forgotten,” or “neglected” until Lewis Mumford “rediscovered” him and introduced him to geographers at the University of California‐Berkeley through The Brown Decades (Mumford [1931] 1955) and until Carl Sauer made him known to the profession at large beginning in 1938. This article upends the conventional narrative by looking at earlier references to Marsh's later versions of Man and Nature, which were published as The Earth as Modified by Human Action from 1874 to 1907. Analysis reveals that a number of geographers and historians cited these editions between 1875 and the early 1950s. Examining the legend of loss and rediscovery suggests the value of methods utilized in reception studies for research on the history of geography. 相似文献
12.
JOHN HARNER 《Geographical review》2002,92(3):354-371
ABSTRACT. Sales of muebles rústicos, or rustic wooden furniture made in Mexico, have grown rapidly in the United States since 1994. Analysis of the recent rise of the industry tracks manufacturing and marketing methods in major production areas of Mexico. Consumer taste for “authentic” handmade goods of simple design and the vogue of the “Santa Fe” style across the American Southwest mesh with Mexican producers' need to seek foreign markets during an economic crisis. Changing style preferences, along with the furniture's handcrafted appearance, its competitive cost, and the makers' flexible production methods, are reasons for the increased popularity of this folk commodity. 相似文献
13.
塔里木南缘绿洲“冷岛”效应时空变化研究——以于田地区为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
利用遥感技术，选取研究区TM/ETM热红外波段，反演了塔里木盆地南缘绿洲于田地区1989年、1999年、2002年的陆表温度（LST），构建了绿洲“冷岛”比例指数（OCRI），定量分析了于田地区14 a来，绿洲内部“冷岛”效应的时序变化，指出于田绿洲“冷岛”效应有减弱的趋势;并且通过对于田温度场的分析，总结了“冷岛”效应空间变化的特点：①于田县绿洲内外部温度差异变小，温度波动趋缓，“冷岛”效应减弱;②于田县城建成区面积的扩大减弱了“热岛”效应的强度和范围。 相似文献
14.
Dragos Simandan 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):363-368
In this introduction to the Focus Section “Learning as a Geographical Process,” I provide a context for the four articles that follow, by means of (1) making explicit the threefold rationale for this initiative; (2) relating this initiative with previous geographical scholarship on the problematic of learning; (3) highlighting the significance of the self-referential character of our work; (4) providing a brief outline of the articles that follow; and (5) pointing out the important fact that both “learning” and “geographical process” constitute semantically rich categories and that relating the two involves a many-to-many type of logical mapping. 相似文献
15.
公路交通可达性视角下山东省区域空间重构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《山东半岛蓝色经济区发展规划》、《济南都市圈发展规划》、《黄河三角洲高效生态经济区发展规划》和《鲁南经济带发展规划》是涉及山东省域范围的四个重要区域规划。四个规划所覆盖的区域范围重叠现象严重,这将导致重叠区域发展方向不明,进而会影响到区域的整体发展。明确区域规划合理范围,统筹协调区域发展成为山东省区域发展亟须解决的问题之一。本文以公路交通可达性和城市综合实力为切入点,计算出了山东省17个地级市的经济腹地,并遵循一定的原则对山东省区域发展进行空间重构,提出了"两核、四区、五轴"的区域空间发展结构。 相似文献
16.
This paper examines the fieldwork undertaken by the distinguished French geographer Pierre Gourou (1900–99) in the Tonkin Delta (Red River Delta) of northern Vietnam in the 1920s and 1930s, and his wider configuration of “the tropical world” as a distinct space of knowledge and radical otherness. Gourou's fieldwork endeavours in French Indochina are interpreted in the light of recent work on “tropicality”: the idea that “the tropics” need to be understood as a western cultural construction and colonising discourse that essentialised the hot, wet regions of the world, and exalted the temperate world over its tropical counterpart. The paper focuses on Gourou's monumental 1936 study Les paysans du delta tonkinois, étude de géographie humaine. It is argued that in this study, and his later comparative work on the tropics, Gourou elaborated a distinct geographical variant of tropicality, but one that, ultimately, reinforced the essentialist logic and momentum of this discourse. Particular attention is paid to the geographical ideas, fieldwork techniques and discursive strategies that Gourou used in his 1936 study, and the French colonial context in which he worked. The article shows how Gourou appealed to western reason and science as tools of study, identified overpopulation as the key problem facing the Tonkin Delta, and suggested that colonial practices of modernisation had a limited place and ineffectual role in the rice plains of the region. 相似文献
17.
水资源是制约区域发展特别是半干旱地区发展的决定性资源因素,合理配置有限水资源、实现水资源需求的"零增长"是促进半干旱地区可持续发展的关键。选取典型半干旱地区——内蒙古通辽市为案例地,利用系统动力学方法,研究其水资源的配置方式,找寻区域经济发展水资源需求"零增长"的时间节点,确定与之相对应的产业结构特点和发展趋势,为政府制定合理的经济社会发展政策提供理论参考。研究表明:通辽市社会经济发展将在2018年前后达到约束型的水资源"零增长";"三产引领发展模式"是有利于实现区域可持续发展的最优模式;"一产现代化发展模式"是符合通辽市社会经济基础的最可能模式。 相似文献
18.
Our paper reconciles dark tourism with phantasmal destination tourism in order to promote the potential for successfully marketing roadways numbered “666” as an economic development strategy appropriate to distressed localities in the USA. We focus our attention on the David Zeisberger Highway in rural Pennsylvania as a case study. We propose a routes 666 phantasmal tourism promotion that socially constructs a “magical reality” with niche tourism potential by tapping into what we identify as the already latent power of “The Beast” widespread in the public imagination as inspired by the Book of Revelation 13:18 (“Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.”). We combine the premises and conceptualizations set forth in dark tourism, phantasmal destination, applied tourism and rural geography, and rural tourism research with scientific insights provided by “the fallacy of selective thinking” to argue that 666 roadways can offer a marketable “looking for the Beast” experience. Our case study of Pennsylvania Route 666 envisions the potential of this roadway as a prototype “Route 666 looking for The Beast experience”. We find a synergy and new economic potential in the combination of dark tourism and phantasmal destination tourism concepts that inspire explorations of new frontiers in tourism for economic development. Our study is innovative in its conception and proposes a rational and specific plan for rural economic development involving niche tourism promotion. 相似文献
19.
Although 97% of U.S. farms are “family-owned,” little research examines how gender and sexual relationships – inherent in familial dynamics – influence farmers’ practices and livelihoods. Gender and sexual dynamics – shaped by race and class – affect who is considered a farmer, land management decisions, and access to resources like land, subsidies, and knowledge. We use feminist and queer lenses to illuminate how today’s agricultural gender and sexual relations are not “natural,” but when left uninterrogated are constructed in ways that harm women and queer farmers while limiting potential to develop sustainable practices. Women and queer farmers also resist, “re-orienting” gender and sexual relations in ways that expand possibilities for achieving food justice and ecological sustainability. We offer “relational agriculture” as a tool for making visible and re-orienting gender and sexual relations on farms. Relational agriculture brings sexuality into food justice and demonstrates the centrality of gender and sexuality to agricultural sustainability. 相似文献