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1.
不同的高程异常模型求解的正常高是有差异的,为了获取临沂市最优的高程异常模型,通过临沂市均匀分布的离散高程异常点,利用插值和拟合的方式生成高程异常曲面;并以临沂市的GPS精化高程作为检测点,分析了各种模型之间的差别。 相似文献
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全球高程基准统一是继全球大地测量坐标系及其参考基准统一之后,大地测量学科面临和亟待解决的一个重要问题,也是全球空间信息共享与交换的基础。本文针对区域高程基准与全球高程基准间基准差异确定的理论、方法及实际问题开展研究。利用物理大地测量高程系统的经典理论方法,给出了高程基准差异的定义,并推导了计算基准差异的严密公式,该公式可将高程基准差异确定的现有3种方法统一起来。在此基础上,分析顾及了不同椭球参数对于计算基准差异的影响及量级,同时,高程异常差法还需考虑全球高程基准重力位与模型计算大地水准面位值不一致引起的零阶项改正。利用青岛原点附近152个GPS水准点数据,分别选择GRS80、WGS-84、CGCS2000参考椭球以及EGM2008、EIGEN-6C4、SGG-UGM-1模型,采用位差法和高程异常差法,确定了我国1985高程基准与全球高程基准的差异。其中,EIGEN-6C4模型计算的我国高程基准与WGS-84参考椭球正常重力位U0定义的全球高程基准之间的差异约为-23.1cm。也就是说,我国高程基准低于采用WGS-84参考椭球正常重力位U0定义的全球高程基准,当选取基于平均海面确定的Gauss-Listing大地水准面作为全球高程基准时,我国1985高程基准高于全球基准约21.0cm。从计算结果还可看出,当前重力场模型在青岛周边不同GPS/水准点的精度差别依然较大,这会导致选择不同数据对确定我国85国家高程基准与全球基准之间的差异影响较大,因此,若要实现厘米级精度区域高程基准与全球高程基准的统一,全球重力场模型的精度和可靠性还需要进一步提高。 相似文献
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ASTER GDEM与SRTM3高程差异影响因素分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
作为最新发布的全球地形数据,ASTER GDEM比目前常用的SRTM3数据有着更高的分辨率和更广的覆盖范围,对于相关地学分析具有重要意义。本文以华中地区为研究区域,对ASTER GDEM与SRTM3数据进行了比较,重点分析了坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、土地利用类型、植被覆盖度、生成ASTER GDEM栅格点高程数据所用的ASTER DEM影像数等因素对2种DEM数据高程差异的影响。结果表明,在研究区域内,ASTER GDEM高程比SRTM3高程平均低5.42 m,两种DEM数据高程差异的RMS值为16.90 m;ASTER GDEM与SRTM3之间的高程差异随着坡度、地形起伏度、植被覆盖度的增大而增大,而ASTER DEM影像数越大,高程差异越小;坡向、土地利用类型对高程差异也有影响。 相似文献
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阐述了GPS共视法的基本原理,讨论了利用重力频移法通过GPS共视观测数据确定重力位差和高程差的方法。利用国际权度局(BIPM)发布的时间序列数据,选取了4个守时台站之间的时间差序列进行实验。结果表明,受目前GPS共视法精度所限,高程差计算值与理论值之间的平均差异和标准差在几十m的量级水平。 相似文献
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针对传统基于多个轨道上获得的不同星载SAR图像提取场景区域高程信息的方法具有系统复杂度较大的问题,该文提出一种利用星载SAR单轨多角度地距图像之间像点偏移量进行高程提取的方法。像点偏移是由星载SAR观测航迹的弯曲带来的。根据距离-多普勒原理,不同角度的地距子孔径图像之间存在与高程相关的像点偏移。文中推导了星载几何下高程值和像点偏移量之间的关系式,并得出了高程值和像点偏移量是近似线性关系这一结论,最后通过仿真实验验证了该方法。结果表明,该方法提取成像场景区域的高程信息是可行的。 相似文献
7.
《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2020,(1)
全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)与水准是获取垂直形变量的重要手段,由于不同的仪器、误差模型、数据处理方法等因素,GNSS、水准两类高程变化结果之间存在系统偏差问题,由此提出了一种GNSS与水准高程变化的自适应融合方法。首先利用自适应最小二乘配置建立GNSS与水准重合点两类高程变化量之间的转换模型;然后利用转换模型修正其他GNSS控制点的高程变化量;最后利用反距离加权法建立区域高程变化速度格网模型。实验以山东省水准网与GNSS控制网数据为例,利用高程变化较一致的60个GNSS水准点建立高程变化转换模型,实现了GNSS与水准高程变化的有效融合,削弱了GNSS大地高变化与正常高变化之间的系统偏差,提高了山东省区域高程变化分析的可靠性。 相似文献
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分析了网络RTK中基准站和流动站间气象元素、基线长度、高程差异和模型差异等因素对对流层延迟误差的影响,得出气象元素的大小和基线长度等与单差对流层延迟之间存在线性关系,由基准站和流动站的对流层模型差异造成的差值与高差之间也存在线性关系,且利用网络RTK内插法只可消除其中大部分的误差.这对利用网络RTK算法生成流动站的误差改正数具有重要的参考价值. 相似文献
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局部区域GPS水准计算方法的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据 GPS大地高与正常高之间的关系 ,讨论了 GPS测量与水准测量相结合确定正常高的几种计算方法 ,并对几种方法的拟合精度进行了比较分析。得出了把移动法的原理加入到其它方法中确为有效的结论 相似文献
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The effect of EGM2008-based normal, normal-orthometric and Helmert orthometric height systems on the Australian levelling network 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
This paper investigates the normal-orthometric correction used in the definition of the Australian Height Datum, and also computes and evaluates normal and Helmert orthometric corrections for the Australian National Levelling Network (ANLN). Testing these corrections in Australia is important to establish which height system is most appropriate for any new Australian vertical datum. An approximate approach to assigning gravity values to ANLN benchmarks (BMs) is used, where the EGM2008-modelled gravity field is used to ‘re-construct’ observed gravity at the BMs. Network loop closures (for first- and second-order levelling) indicate reduced misclosures for all height corrections considered, particularly in the mountainous regions of south eastern Australia. Differences between Helmert orthometric and normal-orthometric heights reach 44 cm in the Australian Alps, and differences between Helmert orthometric and normal heights are about 26 cm in the same region. Normal-orthometric heights differ from normal heights by up to 18 cm in mountainous regions >2,000 m. This indicates that the quasigeoid is not compatible with normal-orthometric heights in Australia. 相似文献
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We propose a methodology for the combination of a gravimetric (quasi-) geoid with GNSS-levelling data in the presence of noise
with correlations and/or spatially varying noise variances. It comprises two steps: first, a gravimetric (quasi-) geoid is
computed using the available gravity data, which, in a second step, is improved using ellipsoidal heights at benchmarks provided
by GNSS once they have become available. The methodology is an alternative to the integrated processing of all available data
using least-squares techniques or least-squares collocation. Unlike the corrector-surface approach, the pursued approach guarantees
that the corrections applied to the gravimetric (quasi-) geoid are consistent with the gravity anomaly data set. The methodology
is applied to a data set comprising 109 gravimetric quasi-geoid heights, ellipsoidal heights and normal heights at benchmarks
in Switzerland. Each data set is complemented by a full noise covariance matrix. We show that when neglecting noise correlations
and/or spatially varying noise variances, errors up to 10% of the differences between geometric and gravimetric quasi-geoid
heights are introduced. This suggests that if high-quality ellipsoidal heights at benchmarks are available and are used to
compute an improved (quasi-) geoid, noise covariance matrices referring to the same datum should be used in the data processing
whenever they are available. We compare the methodology with the corrector-surface approach using various corrector surface
models. We show that the commonly used corrector surfaces fail to model the more complicated spatial patterns of differences
between geometric and gravimetric quasi-geoid heights present in the data set. More flexible parametric models such as radial
basis function approximations or minimum-curvature harmonic splines perform better. We also compare the proposed method with
generalized least-squares collocation, which comprises a deterministic trend model, a random signal component and a random
correlated noise component. Trend model parameters and signal covariance function parameters are estimated iteratively from
the data using non-linear least-squares techniques. We show that the performance of generalized least-squares collocation
is better than the performance of corrector surfaces, but the differences with respect to the proposed method are still significant. 相似文献
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Nazan Yilmaz 《地球空间信息科学学报》2008,11(3):209-214
Geopotential, dynamic, orthometric and normal height systems and the corrections related to these systems are evaluated in this paper. Along two different routes, with a length of about 5 kilometers, precise leveling and gravity measurements are done. One of the routes is in an even field while the other is in a rough field. The magnitudes of orthometric, normal and dynamic corrections are calculated for each route. Orthometric, dynamic, and normal height differences are acquired by adding the corrections to the height differences obtained from geometric leveling. The magnitudes of the corrections between the two routes are compared. In addition, by subtracting orthometric, dynamic, and normal heights from geometric leveling, deviations of these heights from geometric leveling are counted. 相似文献
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H. Nahavandchi 《Journal of Geodesy》2002,76(6-7):345-352
It is suggested that a spherical harmonic representation of the geoidal heights using global Earth gravity models (EGM) might
be accurate enough for many applications, although we know that some short-wavelength signals are missing in a potential coefficient
model. A `direct' method of geoidal height determination from a global Earth gravity model coefficient alone and an `indirect'
approach of geoidal height determination through height anomaly computed from a global gravity model are investigated. In
both methods, suitable correction terms are applied. The results of computations in two test areas show that the direct and
indirect approaches of geoid height determination yield good agreement with the classical gravimetric geoidal heights which
are determined from Stokes' formula. Surprisingly, the results of the indirect method of geoidal height determination yield
better agreement with the global positioning system (GPS)-levelling derived geoid heights, which are used to demonstrate such
improvements, than the results of gravimetric geoid heights at to the same GPS stations. It has been demonstrated that the
application of correction terms in both methods improves the agreement of geoidal heights at GPS-levelling stations. It is
also found that the correction terms in the direct method of geoidal height determination are mostly similar to the correction
terms used for the indirect determination of geoidal heights from height anomalies.
Received: 26 July 2001 / Accepted: 21 February 2002 相似文献
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卫星测高沿轨海面高的精细结构及其应用技术初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
首先介绍了频域和多尺度域中的两种沿轨测高海面高精细结构，进而提出了利用沿轨测高海面高精细结构计算平均海面高与海平面距平的新方法，最后进一步讨论了沿轨平均海面高和海平面距平的频谱和多尺度分解，以及它们随时间的变化特性。 相似文献
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本文针对几何方法在山区存在的局限性,提出了一种考虑地形起伏影响的几何方法。试验结果表明,在山区应用该方法可以获得与平原地区精度相当的高程异常。文中推导了GPS网正常高求解的数学模型,并分析了正常高求解结果的精度。 相似文献
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针对EGM2008重力场模型辅助跨障碍GPS高程传递控制网布设方案进行研究,分别对GPS高程传递控制网进行不同点数的椭球高约束计算,将传递高程与实测高程进行比较,结果表明:跨越2~3 km的障碍GPS高程传递的精度能够达到0.010 m,GPS高程传递控制网中以约束一点椭球高为宜,增加椭球高约束个数并不能提高高程传递的精度。 相似文献