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1.
Shallow seismic reflection profiles and geological structure in the Benton Hills, southeast Missouri 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
J.R. Palmer D. Hoffman W.J. Stephenson J.K. Odum R.A. Williams 《Engineering Geology》1997,46(3-4):217-233
During late May and early June of 1993, we conducted two shallow, high-resolution seismic reflection surveys (Mini-Sosie method) across the southern escarpment of the Benton Hills segment of Crowleys Ridge. The reflection profiles imaged numerous post-late Cretaceous faults and folds. We believe these faults may represent a significant earthquake source zone.
The stratigraphy of the Benton Hills consists of a thin, less than about 130 m, sequence of mostly unconsolidated Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary sediments which uncomfortably overlie a much thicker section of Paleozoic carbonate rocks. The survey did not resolve reflectors within the upper 75–100 ms of two-way travel time (about 60–100 m), which would include all of the Tertiary and Quaternary and most of the Cretaceous. However, the Paleozoic-Cretaceous unconformity (Pz) produced an excellent reflection, and locally a shallower reflector within the Cretaceous (K) was resolved. No coherent reflections below about 200 ms of two-way travel time were identified.
Numerous faults and folds, which clearly offset the Paleozoic-Cretaceous unconformity reflector, were imaged on both seismic reflection profiles. Many structures imaged by the reflection data are coincident with the surface mapped locations of faults within the Cretaceous and Tertiary succession. Two locations show important structures that are clearly complex fault zones. The English Hill fault zone, striking N30°–35°E, is present along Line 1 and is important because earlier workers indicated it has Pleistocene Loess faulted against Eocene sands. The Commerce fault zone striking N50°E, overlies a major regional basement geophysical lineament, and is present on both seismic lines at the southern margin of the escarpment.
The fault zones imaged by these surveys are 30 km from the area of intense microseismicity in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ). If these are northeast and north-northeast oriented fault zones like those at Thebes Gap they are favorably oriented in the modern stress field to be reactivated as right-lateral strike slip faults. Currently, earthquake hazards assessments are most dependent upon historical seismicity, and there are little geological data available to evaluate the earthquake potential of fault zones outside of the NMSZ. We anticipate that future studies will provide evidence that seismicity has migrated between fault zones well beyond the middle Mississippi Valley. The potential earthquake hazards represented by faults outside the NMSZ may be significant. 相似文献
2.
Formation and shortening deformation of a back-arc rift basin revealed by deep seismic profiling, central Japan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hiroshi Sato Takaya Iwasaki Shinji Kawasaki Yasutaka Ikeda Nobuhisa Matsuta Tetsuya Takeda Naoshi Hirata Taku Kawanaka 《Tectonophysics》2004,388(1-4):47
The northern Fossa Magna (NFM) basin is a Miocene rift system produced in the final stages of the opening of the Sea of Japan. It divides the major structure of Japan into two regions, with north-trending geological structures to the NE of the basin and EW trending structures to the west of the basin. The Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line (ISTL) bounds the western part of the northern Fossa Magna and forms an active fault system that displays one of the largest slip rates (4–9 mm/year) in the Japanese islands. Deep seismic reflection and refraction/wide-angle reflection profiling were undertaken in 2002 across the northern part of ISTL in order to delineate structures in the crust, and the deep geometry of the active fault systems. The seismic images are interpreted based on the pattern of reflectors, the surface geology and velocities derived from refraction analysis. The 68-km-long seismic section suggests that the Miocene NFM basin was formed by an east dipping normal fault with a shallow flat segment to 6 km depth and a deeper ramp penetrating to 15 km depth. This low-angle normal fault originated as a comparatively shallow brittle/ductile detachment in a high thermal regime present in the Miocene. The NFM basin was filled by a thick (>6 km) accumulation of sediments. Shortening since the late Neogene is accommodated along NS to NE–SE trending thrust faults that previously accommodated extension and produce fault-related folds on their hanging wall. Based on our balanced geologic cross-section, the total amount of Miocene extension is ca. 42 km and the total amount of late Neogene to Quaternary shortening is ca. 23 km. 相似文献
3.
对四川理县杂谷脑“冰碛物”的地层结构进行了观察,对河湖相地层中的软沉积物变形构造进行了分析。综合研究表明,所谓杂谷脑晚更新世“冰碛物”是由泥石流、崩滑塌堆积物、堰塞湖沉积和河流相砂砾石层构成的多成因“混杂”堆积,湖相地层中发育的强烈褶皱和断裂是河岸陡壁岩石崩塌滑落导致古堰塞湖沉积物发生软沉积变形的结果。软沉积变形构造包括卷曲构造、液化泥块、阶梯状微断裂、球枕构造、火焰构造、落石沉陷构造、环状构造、同生断层和大型褶曲等。一次崩滑塌事件的典型沉积层序由崩塌体、不规则接触面和下伏的河湖相变形地层所组成。沿杂谷脑河上游发现的一系列大型崩塌褶曲构造以及伴生的多种典型的液化变形构造,指示可能是地震活动触发了群发性的崩塌、滑坡灾害事件。 相似文献
4.
B. Dehandschutter E. Vysotsky D. Delvaux J. Klerkx M. M. Buslov V. S. Seleznev M. De Batist 《Tectonophysics》2002,351(1-2)
Lake Teletskoye in the northeastern part of the Altai mountain range has attracted the attention of geo-scientists for a long time, because it fills an impressive tectonic depression. The lake is 77 km long and 4 km wide, and it has a maximum water depth of 325 m. The vertical offset of the basement surface is up to 3000 m. A multidisciplinary study of the Teletsk graben was carried out during the last few years, including satellite image and air photo analysis, bathymetric-, structural- and geomorphological mapping, high-resolution seismic profiling and seismic refraction. The structural study revealed that reactivation of preexisting weak basement zones is important in controlling the basin formation. These zones separate different tectonic terranes at the contact of which the Teletsk graben developed.This study identifies the significance of the basin in the regional neotectonic context. It shows that the major vertical movements are restricted to the basin itself, but do not characterize the whole region. Outside of the basin, recent tectonic structures have the same pattern as adjacent areas of Northeast Altai and West-Sayan. Quaternary glaciations have had no major influence on the basin formation.Two stages of faulting are identified. First, transpressive movements restricted to discrete (reactivated) fault zones controlled the opening of the basin. In the second stage, normal faulting is dominant and is responsible for the modern basin outline.An echo-sounding survey led to the recognition of several morphological characteristics of the lake bottom. In the southern part, the uppermost sediments seem slightly disturbed, whereas further north, transverse ridges and slope breaks are increasingly common. The deepest part of the lake is located in a highly disturbed zone of normal fault-bounded blocks. The structural difference between the southern and northern subbasins is supported by the interpretation of a deep seismic refraction profile which indicates a substantial increase of basement isochores in the area where the reactivated Teletsk (Paleozoic) shear zone crosses the lake.Correlation of high-resolution seismic profiles suggests that the Teletsk graben started to evolve during the Pleistocene, and that its present shape was formed in two stages. The first stage was responsible for the opening of the southern basin. It probably started in the Middle Pleistocene. A second kinematic stage induced by a sinistral reactivation of the NE striking West-Sayan fault initiated the opening of the different segments of the northern subbasin due to opposite movements between the reactivated Teletsk and West-Sayan faults. This second stage was active after the end of Late Pleistocene glaciations and during the Holocene. The recent lateral extension and the related N–S-trending normal faults result from a change in tectonic regime, with related extensional movements along the main reactivated fault zones. These recent movements result in the lateral escape of the lake borders and the collapse of the area between them. 相似文献
5.
为揭示白云凹陷文昌组构造演化与沉积充填间的耦合关系,基于三维地震数据和钻井、测井资料,采用层序原形结构剖面恢复、增强地震相分析、砂体地震扫描解释等新方法,对白云凹陷文昌组构造演化及其控制下的沉积充填过程进行了详细研究. 研究表明,响应于控凹断层“弱?极强?较强?弱”的活动过程,文昌组沉积期白云凹陷经历了初始断陷期（WCSQ1）、强断陷早期（WCSQ2）、强断陷晚期（WCSQ3）和弱断陷期（WCSQ4、WCSQ5）4个构造演化阶段. 相应地,白云主洼经历了河流?湖泊、超深湖发生、超深湖充填、深湖?浅湖发生等沉积演化过程. 其中旋转断块翘倾侧的北部缓坡带主要为河流?浅湖过渡环境,发育大?中型辫状河三角洲沉积体系;断块倾没侧的南部陡坡带主要为半深湖?深湖环境,发育近岸水下扇?扇三角洲沉积体系;湖盆中心为深湖?超深湖环境,以泥岩沉积为主,深湖区周缘发育湖底扇沉积;同时期白云东洼为陡坡+岩浆底侵形成的多隆洼地貌,以小型近岸水下扇?扇三角洲沉积体系为主,局部发育火山碎屑沉积. 文昌组沉积砂体的孔隙性受白云凹陷控凹断裂和岩浆的活动强度、物源体系及次级洼陷古地理特征等因素共同控制. 相似文献
6.
Joo Carvalho Joo Cabral Rui Gonalves Luís Torres Luís Mendes-Victor 《Tectonophysics》2006,418(3-4):277-297
The study region is located in the Lower Tagus Valley, central Portugal, and includes a large portion of the densely populated area of Lisbon. It is characterized by a moderate seismicity with a diffuse pattern, with historical earthquakes causing many casualties, serious damage and economic losses. Occurrence of earthquakes in the area indicates the presence of seismogenic structures at depth that are deficiently known due to a thick Cenozoic sedimentary cover. The hidden character of many of the faults in the Lower Tagus Valley requires the use of indirect methodologies for their study. This paper focuses on the application of high-resolution seismic reflection method for the detection of near-surface faulting on two major tectonic structures that are hidden under the recent alluvial cover of the Tagus Valley, and that have been recognized on deep oil-industry seismic reflection profiles and/or inferred from the surface geology. These are a WNW–ESE-trending fault zone located within the Lower Tagus Cenozoic basin, across the Tagus River estuary (Porto Alto fault), and a NNE–SSW-trending reverse fault zone that borders the Cenozoic Basin at the W (Vila Franca de Xira–Lisbon fault). Vertical electrical soundings were also acquired over the seismic profiles and the refraction interpretation of the reflection data was carried out. According to the interpretation of the collected data, a complex fault pattern disrupts the near surface (first 400 m) at Porto Alto, affecting the Upper Neogene and (at least for one fault) the Quaternary, with a normal offset component. The consistency with the previous oil-industry profiles interpretation supports the location and geometry of this fault zone. Concerning the second structure, two major faults were detected north of Vila Franca de Xira, supporting the extension of the Vila Franca de Xira–Lisbon fault zone northwards. One of these faults presents a reverse geometry apparently displacing Holocene alluvium. Vertical offsets of the Holocene sediments detected in the studied geophysical data of Porto Alto and Vila Franca de Xira–Lisbon faults imply minimum slip rates of 0.15–0.30 mm/year, three times larger than previously inferred for active faults in the Lower Tagus Valley and maximum estimates of average return periods of 2000–5000 years for M 6.5–7 co-seismic ruptures. 相似文献
7.
若尔盖-松潘盆地中、上三叠统沉积剖面研究表明以陆相沉积为主,只在东北部青山峪有浅海相碳酸盐岩沉积。盆地北部出现河流、浅湖相沉积,中部以浅湖相沉积为主,局部出现深湖相沉积,南部主要为深湖相沉积。中、上三叠统地层的变形构造以冲褶席(duplex)构造为特点,表现出从北向南应变强度减弱。深部构造反映了盆地位于扬子板块大陆壳基底之上,叠覆在扬子板块北缘的前陆褶皱冲断带上。大地构造位置、沉积相与构造特点,共同说明若尔盖-松潘盆地是三叠纪碰撞造山作用时期扬子板块北部北缘的前陆盆地。 相似文献
8.
嘉鱼断裂为已证实的隐伏断层。该断裂从洪湖老湾西南横切长江,沿近东西—北东东向延展,经嘉鱼县城东北马鞍山北缘向东延伸于斧头湖,长约40 km,该断裂东端已有明显出露,而断裂尾部并没有明显出露。由于区内小尺度物探资料的缺乏,使得该断裂的走向和活动性都缺少相关证据。本文利用浅层地震反射结合折射层析成像方法,采用2 m道间距接收人工地震波,利用多次覆盖技术和密集炮集折射记录,分别对数据进行反射处理和层析成像,获取了浅层地震反射剖面和高分辨率折射层析成像剖面,并参考相关区域地震安全性评价钻孔资料进行解译。综合研究结果表明：浅层地震反射和高分辨率折射联合应用可互补,尤其在外界干扰较为严重的区域,利用高分辨率折射层析成像可减少浅层地震反射对断层的误判。此外,研究结果证实了嘉鱼断裂的具体位置,其性质为北盘下降、南盘上升的正断层,且该断层错断了第四系沉积层。 相似文献
9.
F. Hauser V. Raileanu W. Fielitz A. Bala C. Prodehl G. Polonic A. Schulze 《Tectonophysics》2001,340(3-4):233-256
The VRANCEA99 seismic refraction experiment is part of an international and multidisciplinary project to study the intermediate depth earthquakes of the Eastern Carpathians in Romania. As part of the seismic experiment, a 300-km-long refraction profile was recorded between the cities of Bacau and Bucharest, traversing the Vrancea epicentral region in NNE–SSW direction.
The results deduced using forward and inverse ray trace modelling indicate a multi-layered crust. The sedimentary succession comprises two to four seismic layers of variable thickness and with velocities ranging from 2.0 to 5.8 km/s. The seismic basement coincides with a velocity step up to 5.9 km/s. Velocities in the upper crystalline crust are 5.9–6.2 km/s. An intra-crustal discontinuity at 18–31 km divides the crust into an upper and a lower layer. Velocities within the lower crust are 6.7–7.0 km/s. Strong wide-angle PmP reflections indicate the existence of a first-order Moho at a depth of 30 km near the southern end of the line and 41 km near the centre. Constraints on upper mantle seismic velocities (7.9 km/s) are provided by Pn arrival times from two shot points only. Within the upper mantle a low velocity zone is interpreted. Travel times of a PLP reflection define the bottom of this low velocity layer at a depth of 55 km. The velocity beneath this interface must be at least 8.5 km/s.
Geologic interpretation of the seismic data suggests that the Neogene tectonic convergence of the Eastern Carpathians resulted in thin-skinned shortening of the sedimentary cover and in thick-skinned shortening in the crystalline crust. On the autochthonous cover of the Moesian platform several blocks can be recognised which are characterised by different lithological compositions. This could indicate a pre-structuring of the platform at Mesozoic and/or Palaeozoic times with a probable active involvement of the Intramoesian and the Capidava–Ovidiu faults. Especially the Intramoesian fault is clearly recognisable on the refraction line. No clear indications of the important Trotus fault in the north of the profile could be found. In the central part of the seismic line a thinned lower crust and the low velocity zone in the uppermost mantle point to the possibility of crustal delamination and partial melting in the upper mantle. 相似文献
10.
冲绳海槽西部陆坡第四纪沉积地层划分 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
冲绳海槽西部陆坡是认识深海斜坡沉积的重要区域。通过对高分辨率地震资料的精细解释,结合已有的研究成果,在冲绳海槽西部陆坡海底以下识别出4个主要的地震层序界面,相应地划分出四个主要地震层序,各层序分别对应全新世沉积层(Q4)、晚更新世沉积层(Q3)、中更新世沉积层(Q2)和早更新世沉积层(Q1)。从陆坡上部往下由斜交前积反射结构过渡到杂乱的反射结构,在地震剖面上可识别出杂乱的丘形反射单元,是滑塌体和重力流沉积的典型地震反射特征,反映出一种高能的、极不稳定的沉积环境。海槽轴部以平行-亚平行的地震反射特征为主,显示了稳定的深海-半深海的沉积环境。地震反射结构的多样性反映了冲绳海槽西部陆坡沉积环境的复杂性和沉机作用类型的多样性,沉积地层结构是多种因素共同作用的结果。东海陆架和冲绳海槽发育相同的第四纪地层垂向序列,同时冲绳海槽西部陆坡与东海陆架第四纪沉积层在层序界面、沉积层厚度、变形程度和产状等方面存在着差异,单靠地震资料来进行两个地区的地层对比存在着不确定性。 相似文献
11.
E. A. Toto A. El Miloudi M. El Basri M. Hafid L. Zouhri S. El Mouraouah M. Benammi A. El Mouraouah A. Iben Brahim A. Birouk M. Kasmi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(8):2411-2422
Combining the results from field observations, high resolution 2D-electric resistivity and high resolution seismic refraction tomography, we have found new evidence for active faulting in the Dhar Doum area, northwestern Atlantic coast of Morocco. Qualitative interpretation of the inverted resistivity and seismic refraction data reveals the presence of two thrust faults that cut the topographic surface and displace the most recent sedimentary deposits. Furthermore, one of these seismically imaged faults strongly correlates with the Dhar Doum?CLalla Zahra fault. The steepening at the surface and the flattening with depth of this fault are likely to indicate an important strike-slip component associated with a major reverse component. If extended offshore to the west, the Dhar Doum fault could be a continuation of the southernmost deformational front of the Cadiz oceanic accretionary prism. Therefore, this structure is very likely to represent the actual active southern deformational front of the oceanic accretionary prism, as well as that of the Rif fold-and-thrust belt. The southward thickening of the growth strata composing the uppermost dune system and the occurrence of Plio-Quaternary conglomerates north of the Dhar Doum?CLalla Zahra fault suggest that the neotectonic activity may have started by the end of the Pliocene and have continued to the present as indicated by the folding-and-faulting of the most recent sedimentary deposits and the presence of high scarps. The identification of active faulting in the study area that may have a profound influence on seismic hazard analysis of the whole Rif foredeep basin. 相似文献
12.
In many parts of the world sedimentary horizons with potential for hydrocarbon are located below flood basalt provinces. However,
the presence of high velocity basaltic overburden makes delineation of sediments difficult due to the low velocity layer problem.
Electrical and electromagnetic methods have been used in such scenarios because of the good electrical conductivity contrast
between basalts and underlying sediments. However, mapping of the target sediments becomes difficult when the layer is thin
as the data errors due to inherent noise lead to equivalent solutions. To tackle such difficult situations, a joint inversion
scheme incorporating seismic reflection and refraction, magnetotelluric and deep electrical resistivity datasets is presented.
Efficacy of the scheme is tested for a model comprising a thin sedimentary layer sandwiched between a thick basalt cover and
a granitic basement. The results indicate that the parameters of the target sedimentary layer are either poorly resolved or
equivalent solutions are obtained by the inversion of individual datasets. Joint inversions of seismic reflection (RFLS) and
refraction (RFRS), or DC and MT dataset pairs provide improved results and the range of equivalent solutions is narrowed down.
Combination of any three of the above datasets leads to further narrowing of this range and improvements in mean model estimates.
Joint inversion incorporating all the datasets is found to yield good estimates of the structure. Resolution analysis is carried
out to appraise estimates of various model parameters obtained by jointly inverting different combinations of datasets. 相似文献
13.
ZHONG Ning LI Haibing JIANG Hanchao LU Haijian ZHENG Yong HAN Shuai YE Jiachan 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):176-188
With the objective of establishing a distinction between deformation structures caused by freeze/thaw cycles and those resulting from seismic activity, we studied three well–exposed alluvial deposits in a section at Dogai Coring, northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau. Deformation is present in the form of plastic structures(diapirs, folds and clastic dykes), brittle structures(micro–faults) and cryogenic wedges. These soft–sediment deformation features(except the micro–faults) are mainly characterized by meter–scale, non–interlayered, low–speed and low–pressure displacements within soft sediments, most commonly in the form of plastic deformation. Taking into account the geographic setting, lithology and deformation features, we interpret these soft–sediment deformation features as the products of freeze/thaw cycles, rather than of earthquake–induced shock waves, thus reflecting regional temperature changes and fluctuations of hydrothermal conditions in the uppermost sediments. The micro–faults(close to linear hot springs) are ascribed to regional fault activity; however, we were unable to identify the nature of the micro–faults, perhaps due to disturbance by subsequent freeze/thaw cycles. This study may serve as a guide to recognizing the differences between deformation structures attributed to freeze/thaw cycles and seismic processes. 相似文献
14.
Detailed reviews of multichannel seismic reflection, sparker, chirp and multibeam data that were collected on the southern Marmara Sea shelf revealed various shallow gas indicators and related sedimentary structures, including enhanced reflections, seismic chimneys, acoustic blanking, bright spots, pockmarks, mound-like features and seeps. Seismic attribute analyses were applied to characterise the existence of gas-bearing sediments. The distribution of shallow gas indicators provides important insights into their origin and the geological factors that control them. Prominent gas accumulations and seeps are observed along the profiles that cross the branches of the central segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, which indicates that the gas seeps are controlled by active faulting. This indicates that the faults act as conduits through the sedimentary column. The dense occurrences of gas directly off the river mouths along the shallow bays provide clues about the organic-rich carbon content of the sediments and biogenic methane generation. In some areas, the gas-related acoustic anomalies are mostly located in the upper sediments below the marine unit, which indicates that the gas emissions in these areas were terminated as a result of the increased overburden pressure after the Holocene sea level rise and the deposition of the marine unit. 相似文献
15.
利用反射地震剖面处理过程中获取的叠加速度得到庐枞（庐江-枞阳）矿集区地壳浅部的速度结构剖面,为研究庐枞矿集区近地表-上地壳的结构提供了新依据。地震剖面综合研究表明：郯庐断裂、罗河-缺口断裂、长江断裂是庐枞地区的3条重要的断裂,断裂深部均表现为低速异常。罗河-缺口断裂、长江断裂的发育深度和规模均不及郯庐断裂。火山岩出露地区表现为地震波速高和反射波组凌乱的特征;新生代沉积地层则表现为波速低和反射波组连续的地球物理特征。罗河矿区位于强、弱反射转换区,同时也是低、高速体的转换区。 相似文献
16.
利用反射地震剖面处理过程中获取的叠加速度得到庐枞(庐江-枞阳)矿集区地壳浅部的速度结构剖面,为研究庐枞矿集区近地表-上地壳的结构提供了新依据。地震剖面综合研究表明:郯庐断裂、罗河-缺口断裂、长江断裂是庐枞地区的3条重要的断裂,断裂深部均表现为低速异常。罗河-缺口断裂、长江断裂的发育深度和规模均不及郯庐断裂。火山岩出露地区表现为地震波速高和反射波组凌乱的特征;新生代沉积地层则表现为波速低和反射波组连续的地球物理特征。罗河矿区位于强、弱反射转换区,同时也是低、高速体的转换区。 相似文献
17.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):1315-1331
The Gulf of California is an excellent example of how new ocean basins form. Tectonically, the northern Gulf of California is an incipient ocean basin and studies on it have defined acoustic basement and reveal the presence of new oceanic crust and intrusive bodies. Some recent studies report fundamental differences between the basins of the northern and southern Gulf of California: that the latter have well-developed oceanic crust beneath a thin cover of sediments, whereas the northern basins show proto-ocean basins, which may reflect thermal insulation of the thick sedimentary cover, the presence of low-angle faults, and more diffuse and distributed deformation. During the 1970s, Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) undertook a 2D seismic reflection survey in the northern Gulf of California, over many active rift basins, including the Consag Basin. Through the processing and interpretation of these data, we describe the structural characteristics of the Consag Basin beyond 2 km depths. Using seismic reflection data, we identified an intrusion in the central part of this basin that may represent new oceanic crust buried by more than 4 km of sediments. 相似文献
18.
南沙海区礼乐盆地沉积地层与构造特征分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对地震剖面、钻井及拖网采样资料的分析,认为礼乐盆地发育有海相的中、新生代地层,存在晚白垩世与晚渐新世两个区域性不整合面,将沉积层分为三套构造层:下构造层较厚,为中生代地层,表现为翘倾断块和宽缓背斜两种构造样式;中构造层较薄甚至局部缺失,为古新世-早渐新世充填的张裂期沉积,表现为半地堑构造样式;上构造层为晚渐新统至第四系沉积,充填区域沉降期海相地层,地层较为平稳。在中构造层沉积过程中发育多排NE向控洼断裂,断裂倾向NW,形成多个半地堑,控制了新生代早期的沉积充填,同时也表现出礼乐盆地在新生代早期受明显的张裂作用。通过对各构造层的构造、沉积特征分析,认为礼乐盆地经历了挤压、拉张、漂移、区域沉降四个构造演化阶段,是一个以中生代地层为主的叠合盆地。 相似文献
19.
A seismic refraction profile and several seismic CDP reflection lines were recently occupied in the southwestern part of the Dead Sea. The seismic data, which are of good quality, give a clear picture of the structure of the area. The western flank of the rift comprises a series of step faults, downthrown to the east with a total throw of some 7 km at which depth the Cretaceous base of the post-Cretaceous fill is located. On the east—west lines the base of the fill dips to the east while on the north—south lines this complex dips to the south with a change in direction of dip being evident in the southern portion of this profile. The post-Cretaceous sediments reach a maximum thickness of 7 km but may be even thicker eastward near the main eastern rift fault. These sediments are gently folded, possibly due to differential compaction and are dislocated by small-magnitude adjustment faults. Lateral transition from bedded layers of salt in the graben fill to a diapir is clearly seen. 相似文献
20.
南海北部深水西区中中新世混合沉积模式及控制因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以新采集的地震资料为基础,对南海北部深水西区的混合沉积作了初步研究。混合沉积在地震剖面上表现为平行—亚平行,振幅强—中,频率中等及连续性中等的反射特征。混合沉积分布在研究区地震资料覆盖范围的西北角,发育规模较大,最大长度达44.7km,最大宽度33.2km,面积1084km2,最大厚度为138m,纵向上分布在中中新统梅山组。综合南海北部构造演化、地震勘探等研究成果,建立了混合沉积模式。该混合沉积分布于半深海沉积区,由其南东东方向的西沙—广乐台地提供碳酸盐岩碎屑(同时也提供部分硅质碎屑),由其西侧的中南半岛提供主要的硅质碎屑。在南海北部深水西区,控制混合沉积分布的主要因素为构造作用(包括海平面变化)、物源供给及水动力条件等三个方面,这三者之间又具有密切的内在联系。 相似文献