共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Optimum design of nailed soil slopes 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
In this paper, a generalized method of computer based optimum design of soil-nailed slopes is reported. A limit equilibrium formulation satisfying overall and internal equilibrium and considering the effect of tensile resistance of the reinforcement has been used in computing the stability of nailed slopes. The quantity of steel requirement for raising the factor of safety to a desired value is estimated. The location, size (length and diameter) and orientation of the nails and the location and shape of the critical shear surface have been treated as variables. The solutions have been isolated by formulating the problem as one of non-linear programming. The applicability of the developed method has been verified by comparing the predicted failure surfaces with those observed in model tests as well as in the field and also reported theoretical results. 相似文献
2.
一种基于强度折减法的次级滑动面分析方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传统强度折减法通常对整个边坡区域进行折减,因而只能得到最小安全系数及对应的最危险临界滑动面。但在工程实践中,边坡的治理范围不能局限于最危险滑动面所包围的区域,不满足规范要求的次级滑动面范围内的坡体亦应得到治理。为了克服传统强度折减法在搜索次级滑动面方面的缺陷,提出了一种新的强度折减法。一般而言,边坡的屈服区域主要集中在滑动面两侧附近,形成一个沿滑动面分布的剪切破坏带,因此,在用强度折减法进行边坡稳定性分析时,只需对剪切破坏带范围内的局部坡体进行折减,则可得到该滑动面的安全系数和滑动面。基于以上认识,假设剪切破坏带沿对数螺旋曲线分布,不断调整对数螺旋曲线的形状以得到不同范围的剪切破坏带,对各种不同的剪切破坏带范围内的坡体进行局部折减计算,即可得到不同的安全系数及对应的滑动面。通过两个边坡算例（单台阶、双台阶）验证了该方法的可行性,并最后讨论了剪切破坏带的宽度对结果的影响。两个算例的计算结果表明,该方法不仅可以得到最危险临界滑动面,亦可得到任意安全系数对应的滑动面。 相似文献
3.
阻滑桩加固土坡稳定性分析的上限解法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从极限分析机动学方法出发,利用土的抗剪强度折减系数概念,建立了土坡的极限平衡状态方程,由此确定土坡的临界稳定安全系数及其相应的潜在破坏模式.对于典型问题,通过与现有极限平衡解和有限元数值解的对比分析,验证了这种上限解法的合理性.进而对于在给定的荷载条件下不能满足抗滑稳定性要求的土坡,考虑采用阻滑桩加固方式,根据桩侧有效土压力的合理分布模式确定桩体与滑动面相交的截面上等效抗滑力和抗滑力矩,利用极限分析上限定理建立了阻滑桩加固土坡的极限平衡状态方程,将桩侧土压力作为目标函数,运用数学规划方法确定了极限平衡状态时的临界桩侧土压力,以此为土坡加固中阻滑桩设计提供依据.通过数值计算与分析探讨了阻滑桩加固位置的优化布置等问题. 相似文献
4.
基于极限分析上限定理与土的抗剪强度折减系数概念,考虑土的强度分布的非均质性与各向异性, 建立了土坡的极限平衡状态方程,由此确定土坡的稳定安全系数及其相应的潜在破坏模式。对于在给定的荷载条件下不能满足抗滑稳定性要求的土坡,考虑采用阻滑桩加固方式,根据桩侧有效土压力的合理分布模式确定桩体与滑动面相交的截面上等效抗滑力和抗滑力矩,考虑土的强度非均质性与各向异性的条件,利用极限分析上限定理建立阻滑桩加固土坡的极限平衡状态方程,将桩侧土压力作为目标函数,运用数学规划方法确定极限平衡状态时的临界桩侧有效土压力。通过大量的变动参数对比计算,探讨了土的强度的非均质性与各向异性等因素对阻滑桩桩侧极限抗力及最优加固位置的影响。 相似文献
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6.
In general, the determination of the factor of safety and the location of the critical slip surface are two major challenges in seismic slope stability analysis. In this paper, a new approach for determining the factor of safety and the corresponding critical slip surface of a layered rock slope subjected to seismic excitations is presented, through a case study based on the combination of the shear strength reduction technique and distinct element method. According to this proposed method, the seismic factor of safety and the critical slip surface of the slope are estimated and compared with those obtained by the pseudo-static approach, combined with the limit equilibrium method. It is found that the factor of safety obtained from the proposed method is slightly greater than that computed by the pseudo-static analysis, with a difference of 4.2%, and that the critical slip surface obtained from the two methods is identical, which confirms the reasonability and feasibility of the proposed method. 相似文献
7.
降雨入渗过程中孔隙水压力的升高与基质吸力的降低引起边坡稳定性的下降,是导致边坡滑塌的主要诱导因素。利用饱和-非饱和渗流有限元计算得到的孔隙水压力场,基于Fredlund提出的非饱和土抗剪强度理论,对边坡临界滑动场进行改进,提出可以考虑降雨过程的边坡临界滑动场数值模拟方法,能够方便、快速地计算出边坡局部、整体安全系数和相对应的临界滑动面在降雨过程中的变化历程。将该法用于一个典型均质边坡和一个非均质边坡在降雨过程中的稳定性计算,分析降雨持续时间、降雨强度和非饱和强度参数取值等因素对边坡稳定性的影响,并将计算结果与其他方法进行比较,结果表明临界滑动场方法能搜索任意形状最危险滑面,计算的安全系数合理。 相似文献
8.
在岩体边坡稳定性分析方法中,基于非线性Hoek-Brown准则的强度折减法,存在折减方案不统一或计算太复杂等问题。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于岩体抗压强度的广义Hoek-Brown准则强度折减法,比直接折减材料参数,更能体现强度衰减的物理意义。方案以岩体单轴抗压强度作为折减依据,对岩石单轴抗压强度sci和反映岩体结构特征的参数组合sa（s、a 均为模型参数）进行同比折减,分析该方案下抗剪切强度和抗拉强度的折减比例,并基于平均抗剪强度定义安全系数。应用该方案,对两个经典边坡算例进行稳定性分析,将所得安全系数、临界滑动面与局部线性化强度折减法、极限平衡法进行对比。结果表明,对于两算例,本方法所得安全系数与其他两种方法结果接近,相对误差低于2%;在算例1中,本方法得到的临界滑动面位置与其他两种方法结果一致性很高;在算例2中,本方案滑动面位置更接近于局部线性化法,且能同时反映剪切和拉伸破坏。以上结果验证了本强度折减方案和安全系数定义法的可靠性和合理性。 相似文献
9.
The effects of method of generating circular slip surfaces on determining the critical slip surface by particle swarm optimization 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
R. Kalatehjari N. Ali M. Kholghifard M. Hajihassani 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(4):1529-1539
The main objectives of slope stability analysis are evaluating factor of safety for a given slip surface and determining the critical slip surface for a given slope. Factor of safety is usually calculated by limit equilibrium method. The main steps to determine the critical slip surface are generating trial slip surfaces as probable solutions and searching among them to determine the one with the lowest factor of safety. Although the process of searching the critical slip surface received much attention between researchers, the significance of method of generating slip surfaces is seldom addressed in the literature. The authors believe that this ignorance can affect the accuracy of the results of slope stability analysis even in the simplest problems with circular slip surfaces. Consequently, this paper focused on the method of generating circular trial slip surfaces as the simplest mechanism of sliding and considered its effect on determining the critical slip surface. A new method of generating circular slip surface was presented, which is more efficient and less restricted than the conventional method. A computer program was also developed to determine the critical slip surface of slopes by using particle swarm optimization. The performances of the proposed method and developed computer program were verified during comparative studies and sensitivity analysis. Based on the results, the effect of method of generating circular slip surfaces on determining the critical slip surface was confirmed successfully. In all considered problems, the proposed method of generating circular slip surfaces led to the lower values of factor of safety compare with the conventional method. 相似文献
10.
填筑和开挖边坡的稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在有限元应力应变分析的基础上,采用以剪应力定义的安全系数和模式搜索的方法确定边坡的安全系数及最危险滑动面。在平面应变条件下,对土层均质的填筑和开挖边坡的稳定性进行了较为全面的研究,并同天然边坡的安全系数和破坏面进行比较,计算结果表明,这3类边坡滑动面的形状基本一致,天然边坡安全系数要高于填筑和开挖边坡;同时比较了采用有限元稳定评价方法和采用极限平衡方法计算结果的差别;最后分析研究了计算参数变化对填筑和开挖边坡稳定性的影响。 相似文献
11.
临界滑动面搜索是边坡稳定分析中很重要的内容,针对现有方法的不足,提出了一种新的搜索方法。基于边坡稳定性的整体分析法,建立了确定临界滑面的非线性优化模型。该模型将滑面离散点的纵坐标和安全系数都视为独立变量,目标函数取为安全系数本身,约束条件是平衡方程组和滑面凸性。由于目标函数是线性函数,约束条件至多是二次多项式,非线性程度较低,可采用经典优化算法和常见的非线性优化工具求解,比如Matlab。通过实例分析并与传统的滑面搜索方法进行对比表明,所建议的方法在数值稳定性及收敛性方面均具有优势。 相似文献
12.
针对基坑工程中岩土参数存在随机性和变异性的特点,基于响应面重构法、遗传算法和禁忌搜索方法研究了土钉墙边坡可靠性分析方法。考虑土钉的加固作用,建立了适用于土钉墙边坡任意形状滑面安全系数计算的改进Morgenstern-Price法。基于响应面原理,将改进Morgenstern-Price法取代传统响应面法中的有限单元法来随机抽样构造响应面函数,建立了一种近似的土钉墙边坡可靠度计算方法。以土体的抗剪强度指标 、 为随机变量,提出了一种能同时确定土钉墙边坡最小可靠度指标 及相应最危险滑面的全局优化计算方法--土钉墙可靠性分析自适应禁忌搜索遗传算法（ATSGA）。结合算例,分别以土钉墙边坡的最小可靠度指标和最小中值安全系数为目标函数,采用ATSGA法搜索其相应的最危险滑动面,结果表明,二者相差较大。 相似文献
13.
Slope stability analysis is one of the most intricate problems of geotechnical engineering because it is mathematically difficult to search the critical slip surface of earth slopes with complex strata owing to the involved multimodal function optimization problem. At present, a minimum factor of safety for a non-circular slip surface in a uniform and unreinforced earth slope can be calculated using several methods; however, for a reinforced soil slope, it cannot be easily calculated because of the additional effect of the reinforcement. One efficient method to search the critical slip surface is particle swarm optimization (PSO). PSO can solve complex non-differentiable problems, and its increasing ease of use has facilitated its application to multimodal function optimization problems in a variety of fields. However, the recommended PSO parameters to calculate the safety factors of unreinforced and reinforced soil slopes, namely the inertia and local and global best solution weighting coefficients, have not been sufficiently investigated. Moreover, the computational efficiency of PSO for safety factor calculation, including computational accuracy and time, has not been clarified. To calculate the unreinforced and reinforced soil slope safety factors, this study considers force and moment equilibriums, including the tensile force of the reinforcement. Firstly, the computational efficiency of the calculation process by PSO was shown to increase the maximum number of slip surface nodes in the calculation of the safety factor. Then, an analysis was carried out to investigate the safety factor sensitivity to the PSO parameters. Based on this analysis, appropriate PSO parameters for the safety factor calculation of unreinforced and reinforced soil slopes were proposed.
相似文献14.
参数反演是获得较为可靠的边坡强度参数的一种有效手段。本文在对边坡临界滑动面进行判别的情况下,以瑞典法为基础,通过建立强度参数之间及其与临界滑动面一一对应的关系推导得边坡强度参数反演的显式计算公式。然后,将反演结果用于锚索加固条件下的边坡稳定性研究。经工程算例分析验证了本文方法的可行性和实用性,并得到如下结论:(1)预应力锚索能对边坡形成有效的加固作用,且锚索在坡面上的位置越靠近滑动面的滑出点时其对边坡的稳定性越有利; (2)锚索的预应力越大则计算得到的安全系数越大,而锚索水平倾角的增大对计算得到的安全系数影响微小。 相似文献
15.
为评价采用抗滑桩支护后的边坡稳定性,从设计和验算两个角度着手,基于Morgenstern-Price（M-P）法建立了抗滑桩支护边坡的分析模型,进而得到了抗滑桩下滑力和边坡安全系数的表达式;通过引入自适应遗传优化算法,建立边坡稳定性分析优化模型,搜索采用抗滑桩支护边坡的非圆弧最危险滑动面;从确定安全系数求抗滑桩所受下滑力和确定抗滑桩抗力求边坡最小安全系数两种情况出发,探讨了抗滑桩位置对边坡稳定性的影响。结果表明：该方法可搜索出更加符合实际情况的边坡非圆弧最危险滑动面,并且能够得到抗滑桩的下滑力或边坡的最小安全系数,相同条件下抗滑桩应设置在边坡中部较为适合,才能最大发挥抗滑桩的加固作用。 相似文献
16.
This paper reports the limitation of the conventional Bishop's simplified method to calculate the safety factor of slopes stabilized with anchors, and proposes a new approach to considering the reinforcing effect of anchors on the safety factor. The reinforcing effect of anchors can be explained using an additional shearing resistance on the slip surface. A three‐dimensional shear strength reduction finite element method (SSRFEM), where soil–anchor interactions were simulated by three‐dimensional zero‐thickness elasto‐plastic interface elements, was used to calculate the safety factor of slopes stabilized with anchors to verify the reinforcing mechanism of anchors. The results of SSRFEM were compared with those of the conventional and proposed approaches for Bishop's simplified method for various orientations, positions, and spacings of anchors, and shear strengths of soil–grouted body interfaces. For the safety factor, the proposed approach compared better with SSRFEM than the conventional approach. The additional shearing resistance can explain the influence of the orientation, position, and spacing of anchors, and the shear strength of soil–grouted body interfaces on the safety factor of slopes stabilized with anchors. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
针对填埋场衬垫系统薄弱界面容易失稳,在加肋土工膜与砂土界面力学机制分析的基础上,改进了传统双楔体分析法,考虑了加肋土工膜肋块端部端承阻力对衬垫系统稳定性的影响,建立了加肋土工膜衬垫系统稳定性分析解析解。结合某实际工程初步设计,对加肋土工膜衬垫系统进行了稳定性分析,探讨了肋块形状、肋块高度和加肋间距对衬垫系统安全系数的影响。分析结果表明,该解析解能更好地计算加肋土工膜衬垫系统的安全系数。当加肋间距为20 mm时,肋块高度对安全系数的影响较大;当肋块高度一定时,安全系数随着加肋间距增加而逐渐减小;在加肋间距大于200 mm之后,加肋土工膜已接近光面土工膜的剪切特性。 相似文献
18.
多层边坡破坏机制数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过大量的多层边坡算例来分析FLAC3D强度折减法在不同强度、坡比和层厚的情况下所得安全系数与滑动面位置的变化规律,并与极限平衡法进行对比,探究强度折减法和极限平衡法所得结果产生差异的原因,揭示多层边坡的破坏机制。数值模拟计算结果表明:①对于上层土体强度较软的边坡,当上下层强度相差到一定程度,表现为上层破坏,强度折减法与极限平衡法的安全系数相对差值最大,达5%~7%;上层土体厚度h增加时,安全系数逐渐减小;上层土体位于地表以下时,滑动面通过坡趾,安全系数保持不变。②对于下层土体强度较软的边坡,当上下层强度相差到一定程度,强度折减法所得安全系数基本保持不变,但极限平衡法仍保持增长趋势,最大相对差值可达12%;上层土体厚度h增加时,安全系数也相应增大,h位于9~12 m,边坡表现为深层破坏;而h=12 m时,极限平衡法的滑动面却通过坡趾,但安全系数相差很小。当h的变化范围在3~5 m,两种方法的安全系数相对差值最大,达6%~10%。破坏区分布分析表明,边坡呈拉伸-剪切复合破坏,对于下层土体强度较软的边坡,复合破坏模式更显著,与单一剪切破坏模式相比,最大有10%左右的相对差值。 相似文献
19.
Vikas Duggal Asha Rani Rohit Mehra V. Balaram 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(1):77-81
In Shear strength reduction (SSR) technique, the factor of safety (FOS) is defined as the ratio of the material’s actual shear strength to the minimum shear strength required to prevent failure. Failure surface is found automatically through the zones within the material, where applied shear stresses cross the shear strength of the material. In this paper, a review of the technique is discussed in reference to FLAC. A brief background of the approach together with detailed procedure is presented.An attempt is made to exhibit the shear strength dependency of the strain. As stability of the slope is a function of the shear strength, the development of failure strain reflects the potential failure zone of slope. The shear strain developed in the slope increases with reduction in the shear strength and is reflected in the analysis. The concept of failure ratio (Rf) is incorporated in shear strength reduction technique and is demonstrated. Relationships between the critical shear strength reduction ratio and the safety factor are examined. 相似文献
20.
求解边坡矢量和安全系数的条分法 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
矢量和安全系数物理、力学意义明确,通常采用有限元计算得到的应力场来求解。提出一种简便的求解方法,在通用条分法（GLE）的基础上,满足力和力矩平衡的严格条件,推导了基于条分法的矢量和安全系数。采用广义简约梯度法（GRG）搜索临界滑面,在极限抗滑合力矢方向上求解矢量和安全系数。整个计算过程都在电子表格软件Excel内实现,易于在工程实践中推广。对于圆弧滑面边坡,其计算结果表明：①矢量和安全系数与代数和安全系数非常接近,对应的滑面位置也相近。②不同的条间力函数假设（常数和半正弦函数）对边坡的矢量和安全系数影响很小。③极限抗滑合力矢方向? 小于边坡坡角,其值与假定条间力平行时的条间力方向非常一致。在极限平衡分析框架内,计算方法可进一步简化为：假设条间力平行,将条间力方向作为矢量和安全系数的计算方向。对于非圆弧滑面边坡,其计算结果表明：①均质边坡的矢量和安全系数与代数和安全系数相对误差小于3 %,滑面位置接近,而软弱层边坡两种方法的计算结果有一定差别。②不同的条间力函数假设对边坡的矢量和安全系数影响很小。 相似文献