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现在,脉冲星被普遍认为是在超新星爆发中产生的中子星,本文就此观点综述了超新星遗迹和脉冲星关系的研究状况。观测资料表明,流行的观点不足以解释脉冲星和超新星遗迹在成协性、诞生率和分布上的分歧。文中对这些分歧的各种可能的解释作了讨论。 相似文献
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在脉冲星发现以前 ,就有科学家预言超新星爆发可以产生中子星。目前已经在银河系中发现千颗以上的脉冲星 ,可是自 1 7世纪发明天文望远镜以来 ,还没有在银河系中发现一次超新星爆发 ,仅仅是从古代的观天记录中确认了八九次超新星爆发。1 967年发现脉冲星后不久 ,相继在船帆座超新星遗迹和蟹状星云中发现脉冲星 ,这极大地支持了中子星源于超新星爆发的理论 ,也解决了蟹状星云能源之谜。但是 1 572年爆发的第谷超新星和 1 667年的仙后座超新星都比蟹状星云超新星年轻得多 ,在它们的遗迹中却怎么也找不到脉冲星。目前银河系中已发现近 2 0 0个… 相似文献
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对银道面附近(|b|<5°)未证认的伽玛射线源和年龄小于106年的银河系年轻脉冲星之间的成协的可能性进行了统计研究.结果表明,年轻脉冲星可能说明大多数未证认EGRET源,它们和超新星遗迹以及OB星协在位置上成协.其表现为有2/3是年轻射电宁静脉冲星,1/3是年轻射电脉冲星.对这些未证认γ射线源的变化性的研究发现,它们中的大部分都是不变的.同时我们预期,GLAST的空间探测将可能在银道面附近(|b|<5°)中检测到≈80N100颗射电脉冲星和≈1100N100颗未证认γ射线源,这里N100是以100年为单位的中子星生成率. 相似文献
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一般认为超新星遗迹是银河系内高能宇宙线粒子的主要源,粒子(轻子和强子)在超新星遗迹中通过扩散激波加速机制被加速到极相对论性能量.近年来,越来越多的观测特别是X射线和γ射线波段的观测支持了这一观点.阐述了超新星遗迹多波段非热辐射的含时模型的研究情况,并将模型应用于4颗超新星遗迹G347.3-0.5,G266.2-1.2,G8.7-0.1和G23.3-0.3,结果显示模型可以很好地解释这4颗SNRs的多波段观测. 相似文献
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本文研究了在１９９３年３月２８日之前发现的８９９颗超新星（ＳＮｅ）的样本。其中２７７颗ＳＮｅ被用来研究超新星在其母星系中的径向分布。我们研究了四个星系样本中超新星在产生单个超新星（称为一般超新星）的星系及在产生多个超新星（称为多重超新星）的星系中的径向分布。这四个星系样本为：总旋涡星系样本，Ｓｂ￣Ｓｂｃ星系样本，Ｓｃ星系样本，Ｓｃ￣Ｓｄ星系样本。研究的结果表明：多重超新星比一般超新星在其母星系中具 相似文献
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本文研究了在1993年3月28日之前发现的899颗超新星（SNe）的样本．其中277颗SNe被用来研究超新星在其母星系中的径向分布．我们研究了四个星系样本中超新星在产生单个超新星（称为一般超新星）的星系及在产生多个超新星（称为多重超新星）的星系中的径向分布．这四个星系样本为：总旋涡星系样本，Sb～SbC星系样本，SC星系样本，Sc～Sd星系样本．研究的结果表明：一多重超新星比一般超新星在其母星系中具有更集中于星系核心（大多数恒星形成发生的地方）的倾向，说明星系中心的恒星形成活动会影响多重超新星事件的发生从而影响超新星的频率分布 相似文献
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脉冲星是一种颇具魅力和挑战性的特殊天体,它是一种具有超高密度、超强磁场等极端物理特性的中子星。现已公认大多数中子星是在超新星爆发中产生的,其最好证据就是在超新星遗迹蟹状星云和船帆座星云中相继发现了脉冲星。 蟹状星云被国际公认为我国古籍有详细记载的、公元1054年的一次超新星爆发的遗留物,光学图像呈螃蟹状,故称蟹状星云。蟹状星云脉冲星的名字是PSRO531 21,前3个英文字母代表脉冲星,后面的数字是脉冲星的位置,由赤道坐标系的赤经、赤纬表示。这颗星处 相似文献
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B. W. Stappers B. M. Gaensler † S. Johnston 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,308(3):609-617
Using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) we have imaged the fields around five promising pulsar candidates to search for radio pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). We have used the ATCA in its pulsar-gating mode; this enables an image to be formed containing only off-pulse visibilities, thereby dramatically improving the sensitivity to any underlying PWN. Data from the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope were also used to provide sensitivity on larger spatial scales. This survey found a faint new PWN around PSR B0906−49; here we report on non-detections of PWNe towards PSRs B1046−58, B1055−52, B1610−50 and J1105−6107. Our radio observations of the field around PSR B1055−52 argue against previous claims of an extended X-ray and radio PWN associated with the pulsar. If these pulsars power unseen, compact radio PWNe, upper limits on the radio flux indicate that a fraction of less than 10−6 of their spin-down energy is used to power this emission. Alternatively, PSRs B1046−58 and B1610−50 may have relativistic winds similar to other young pulsars and the unseen PWN may be resolved and fainter than our surface brightness sensitivity threshold. We can then determine upper limits on the local interstellar medium (ISM) density of 2.2×10−3 and 1×10−2 cm−3 , respectively. Furthermore, we derive the spatial velocities of these pulsars to be ∼450 km s−1 and thus rule out the association of PSR B1610−50 with supernova remnant (SNR) G332.4+00.1 (Kes 32). Strong limits on the ratio of unpulsed to pulsed emission are also determined for three pulsars. 相似文献
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W. W. Tian M. Haverkorn † H. Y. Zhang 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,378(4):1283-1286
New images of the supernova remnant (SNR) G351.7+0.8 are presented based on 21-cm H i -line emission and continuum emission data from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey. SNR G351.7+0.8 has a flux density of 8.4 ± 0.7 Jy at 1420 MHz. Its spectral index is 0.52 ± 0.25 ( S = v −α ) between 1420 and 843 MHz, typical of adiabatically expanding shell-like remnants. H i observations show structures possibly associated with the SNR in the radial velocity range of −10 to −18 km s−1 , and suggest a distance of 13.2 kpc and a radius of 30.7 pc. The estimated Sedov age for G351.7+0.8 is less than 6.8×104 yr . A young radio pulsar PSR J1721−3532 lies close to SNR G351.7+0.8 on the sky. The new distance and age of G351.7+0.8 and recent proper motion measurements of the pulsar strongly argue against an association between SNR G351.7+0.8 and PSR J1721−3532. There is an unidentified, faint X-ray point source 1RXS J172055.3−353937 which is close to G351.7+0.8. This may be a neutron star potentially associated with G351.7+0.8. 相似文献
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Giant pulses (GPs) have been detected from the pulsar PSR B0656 + 14. A pulse that is more intense than the average pulse by a factor of 120 is encountered approximately once in 3000 observed periods of the pulsar. The peak flux density of the strongest pulse, 120 Jy, is a factor of 630 higher than that of the average pulse. The GP energy exceeds the energy of the average pulse by up to a factor of 110, which is comparable to that for other known pulsars with GPs, including the Crab pulsar and the millisecond pulsar PSR B1937+21. The giant pulses are a factor of ～6 narrower than the average pulse and are clustered at the head of the average pulse. PSR B0656+14 along with PSR B0031-07, PSR B1112+50, and PSR J1752+2359 belong to a distinctive group of pulsars in which GPs have been detected without any extremely strong magnetic field on the light cylinder. 相似文献
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A statistical study of 233 pulsar proper motions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G. Hobbs D. R. Lorimer A. G. Lyne M. Kramer 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,360(3):974-992
We present and analyse a catalogue of 233 pulsars with proper motion measurements. The sample contains a wide variety of pulsars including recycled objects and those associated with globular clusters or supernova remnants. After taking the most precise proper motions for those pulsars for which multiple measurements are available, the majority of the proper motions (58 per cent) are derived from pulsar timing methods, 41 per cent using interferometers and the remaining 1 per cent using optical telescopes. Many of the one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) speeds (referring to speeds measured in one coordinate only and the magnitudes of the transverse velocities, respectively) derived from these measurements are somewhat lower than earlier estimates because of the use of the most recent electron density model in determining pulsar distances. The mean 1D speeds for the normal and recycled pulsars are 152(10) and 54(6) km s−1 , respectively. The corresponding mean 2D speeds are 246(22) and 87(13) km s−1 . PSRs B2011+38 and B2224+64 have the highest inferred 2D speeds of ∼1600 km s−1 . We study the mean speeds for different subsamples and find that, in general, they agree with previous results. Applying a novel deconvolution technique to the sample of 73 pulsars with characteristic ages less than 3 Myr, we find the mean three-dimensional (3D) pulsar birth velocity to be 400(40) km s−1 . The distribution of velocities is well described by a Maxwellian distribution with 1D rms σ= 265 km s−1 . There is no evidence for a bimodal velocity distribution. The proper motions for PSRs B1830−08 and B2334+61 are consistent with their proposed associations with the supernova remnants W41 and G114.3+0.3, respectively. 相似文献
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Bi-Ping Gong Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing bpgong@nju.edu.cn 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2005,5(4):379-398
There are two ways of expressing the precession of orbital plane of a binary pulsar system, given by Barker & O'Connell, Apostolatos et al. and Kidder, respectively. We point out that these two ways actually come from the same Lagrangian under different degrees of freedom. Damour & Schafer and Wex & Kopeikin applied Barker & O'Connell's orbital precession velocity in pulsar timing measurement. This paper applies Apostolatos et al.'s and Kidder's orbital precession velocity. We show that Damour & Schafer's treatment corresponds to negligible Spin-Orbit induced precession of periastron, while Wex & Kopeikin and this paper both found significant (but not equivalent) effects. The observational data of two typical binary pulsars, PSR J2051-0827 and PSR J1713+0747, apparently support a significant Spin-Orbit coupling effect. Specific binary pulsars with orbital plane nearly edge on could discriminate between Wex & Kopeikin and this paper: if the orbital period derivative of the double-pulsar system PSRs J0737-3039 A and B, with orbital inclination angle i = 87.7129 deg, is much larger than that of the gravitational radiation induced one, then the expression in this paper is supported, otherwise Wex & Kopeikin's is supported. 相似文献
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Simon Johnston Bärbel Koribalski Joel M. Weisberg Warwick Wilson 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,322(4):715-722
We have measured 21-cm absorption and emission spectra in the direction of a further seven southern pulsars with the Parkes telescope to derive their kinematic distances and to study the interstellar medium. For the first time we have successfully obtained H i absorption measurements for PSRs J1602–5100, J1740–3015 and J1745–3040. We have also significantly improved the sensitivity and resolution on PSRs J1600–5044, J1752–2806 and J1825–0935, the spectra of which have previously been measured, and have corrected an error in the published distance to PSR J1824–1945.
Since the Frail & Weisberg summary of pulsar distances in 1990, a further 23 pulsars now have measured H i distances, mainly through the efforts of the current group. We discuss the Taylor & Cordes electron density model in light of these new measurements and find that, although the model towards the Galactic Centre appears good, the line of sight through the Carina spiral arm is poorly fitted by the model. 相似文献
Since the Frail & Weisberg summary of pulsar distances in 1990, a further 23 pulsars now have measured H i distances, mainly through the efforts of the current group. We discuss the Taylor & Cordes electron density model in light of these new measurements and find that, although the model towards the Galactic Centre appears good, the line of sight through the Carina spiral arm is poorly fitted by the model. 相似文献
17.
In this paper we argue that the PSR B 1849+00 and SNR G33.6+0.1 are possibly associated, because (1) there is only a small probability of chance superposition in this sky region; (2) although the estimates of the distance and the age of the two objects contain a high degree of uncertainty, they are not inconsistent; (3) the implied transverse velocity of the pulsar is also quite reasonable according to the measured distribution of pulsar velocities. The association could be verified by measuring the proper motion of PSR B 1849+00, which is estimated to be about 10 mas·yr–1. 相似文献
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The recently discovered young supernova remnant (SNR) RX J0852.0−4622 has attracted much interest since its discovery because of the possibility that it may have been generated by the nearest supernova in recent history. We note the presence of two Parkes Multibeam Survey pulsars within the boundary of the remnant. We discuss the properties of the two pulsars and the likelihood of either of them being physically linked to the SNR. We tentatively suggest that, given the current uncertainties in the distance to RX J0852.0−4622, one of these pulsars, the 65-ms period PSR J0855−4644 could indeed be the compact remnant of this supernova explosion. If the pulsar birth site is at the geometrical centre of the nebula, then, for the transverse pulsar velocity to be reasonable, the SNR must be nearby (around 250 pc) and no younger than about 3000 yr old. 相似文献
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Amongst the sources seen in very high gamma-rays several are associated with Pulsar Wind Nebulae (“TeV plerions”). The study
of hard X-ray/soft gamma-ray emission is providing an important insight into the energetic particle population present in
these objects. The unpulsed emission from pulsar/pulsar wind nebula systems in the energy range accessible to the INTEGRAL satellite is mainly synchrotron emission from energetic and fast cooling electrons close to their acceleration site. Our
analyses of public INTEGRAL data of known TeV plerions detected by ground based Cherenkov telescopes indicate a deeper link between these TeV plerions
and INTEGRAL detected pulsar wind nebulae. The newly discovered TeV plerion in the northern wing of the Kookaburra region (G313.3+0.6
powered by the middle aged PSR J1420-6048) is found to have a previously unknown INTEGRAL counterpart which is besides the Vela pulsar the only middle aged pulsar detected with INTEGRAL. We do not find an INTEGRAL counterpart of the TeV plerion associated with the X-ray PWN “Rabbit” G313.3+0.1 which is possibly powered by a young pulsar. 相似文献
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We have developed a method for analyzing the kinematic association of isolated relativistic objects-possible remnants of disrupted
close binary systems. We investigate pairs of fairly young radio pulsars with known proper motions and estimated distances
(dispersion measures) that are spaced no more than 2–3 kpc apart. Using a specified radial velocity distribution for these
objects, we have constructed 100–300 thousand trajectories of their possible motion in the Galactic gravitational field on
a time scale of several million years. The probabilities of their close encounters at epochs consistent with the age of the
younger pulsar in the pair are analyzed. When these probabilities exceed considerably their reference values obtained by assuming
a purely random encounter between the pulsars under consideration, we conclude that the objects may have been gravitationally
bound in the past. As a result, we have detected six pulsar pairs (J0543+2329/J0528+2200, J1453-6413/J1430-6623, J2354+6155/J2321+6024,
J1915+1009/J1909+1102, J1832-0827/J1836-1008, and J1917+1353/J1926+1648) that are companions in disrupted binary systems with
a high probability. Estimates of their kinematic ages and velocities at binary disruption and at the present epoch are provided. 相似文献