共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Rowland RH 《Post-Soviet geography》1994,35(6):352-365
"The paper comprises an update of an earlier study...focused on towns with declining population during the 1959-1970 period. Based on recently published data on individual urban centers with 15,000 or more inhabitants reported in the 1979 and 1989 censuses, it identifies centers where population declined from 1970 to 1989. The study also assesses selected geographical aspects, economic functions, and size characteristics of such urban centers. Comparisons with data from the 1959-1970 period are made to arrive at a 30-year perspective." 相似文献
2.
Rowland RH 《Soviet geography》1989,30(9):635-669
"This article investigates national, macroregional, and economic regional population trends in the USSR during the 1979-89 intercensal period based on preliminary results from the 1989 census. The national total population growth rate during 1979-89 was roughly similar to that of 1970-79. However, the urban growth and urbanization processes slowed, while the rate of rural population change increased due chiefly to reduced rural-urban migration. Regional variations in rates of total, urban, and rural population change generally resembled those of 1970-79. Central Asia continued to exhibit the most rapid overall growth, although Siberia experienced a resurgence." 相似文献
3.
Zhukova TP 《Soviet geography》1982,23(5):311-321
"Demographic trends in Vologda Oblast are analyzed on the basis of 1979 census results as a case study of an oblast involved in the [development] program for the Nonchernozem Zone of the RSFSR. The trend in the 1970-79 intercensal period was for continuing growth of urban population, especially in the two major urban centers of Vologda and the iron and steel city of Cherepovets, and depopulation of rural areas. The age-sex structure is distinguished by a strong aging trend and sex imbalance, especially in rural areas. Despite the proclaimed aim of fostering abandonment of tiny rural places (with 25 residents or less), the number of places in that size class actually increased during the intercensal period (from 40% of all rural places in 1970 to 52 percent in 1979)." 相似文献
4.
Rowland RH 《Soviet geography》1982,23(8):557-583
"The related topics of regional net migration and ethnic Russian population redistribution and change in the USSR are investigated for the intercensal period 1970-79 in comparison to 1959-70 by economic regions and subdivisions. The results reveal that the main migration and Russian shifts continued to be from internal to peripheral regions. However, compared with the 1959-70 period, regional rates for 1970-79 were more equalized, and a south-to-north shift seemed to be occurring in both cases." The author notes that "aggregate measures...suggest that the traditional eastward movement of Russians is slowing. Correlation analysis indicates that migration and ethnic Russian change patterns are associated with selected indices of modernization. The south-to-north shift, in particular, has been fairly strong in relation to changes in capital investment. Prospects of a northward migration of Turkic Moslems from Central Asia are also discussed." 相似文献
5.
Pathak P 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1986,8(1-2):64-75
Some variation in the growth rates of towns is more or less a universally accepted phenomenon. But why some towns are not even able to sustain the population added due to natural increase in an overall rapidly urbanizing environment is the central theme of this paper. An analysis of slow growing towns in India, conducted at both macro- and micro-levels, reveals that 1) the slow growing towns are concentrated in a few states which are characterized by a high urbanization level; 2) practically all of them have suffered net out-migration, barring those whose slow growth was due to reduction in the territorial jurisdiction; and 3) their slow growth is attributed to a low administrative status, poor transport, connectivity, inadequate developmental efforts, and the fast growth of nearby towns. (author's) 相似文献
6.
Rowland RH 《Post-Soviet geography》1992,33(3):150-169
"This article investigates regional population trends in the city of Moscow during the intercensal period of 1979-1989. Results indicate that the Outer Zone grew more rapidly than the Inner Zone, which experienced population decline overall. As a result, the population of Moscow continued to shift to the Outer Zone. Although the Inner Zone still had a higher population density, the density gradient between the zones had flattened appreciably. Regional population growth rates were strongly and positively related to changes in housing space." 相似文献
7.
Rowland RH 《Post-Soviet geography》1992,33(1):34-48
"Based upon recently published data, this paper investigates urban settlement size trends in the former USSR and its republics during the intercensal periods of 1970-1979 and 1979-1989. Results indicate that although a trend toward largeness of the Soviet urban hierarchy continues, a slowing in this direction has occurred. Among republics, all had an increasing trend towards largeness on at least one and usually all three summary measures of urban settlement size structure. The RSFSR [Russia] and Armenia especially consistently evidenced a relatively high degree of largeness, while the former Baltic republics generally revealed a relative smallness." 相似文献
8.
Rowland RH 《Soviet geography》1990,31(9):657-678
"This article investigates economic region net migration patterns in the USSR during the 1979-89 intercensal period. Net in-migration and net migration rate increases (compared to 1970-79) occurred in both the western and eastern portions of the Northern USSR region, while net out-migration and rate declines occurred throughout the Southern USSR. Net in-migration again occurred to Siberia, especially Tyumen' Oblast, and there was a reduced rate of net out-migration from the Nonchernozem Zone and Central Chernozem Region of European RSFSR." 相似文献
9.
Rowland RH 《Post-Soviet geography》1995,36(7):436-445
This "article based on data for the last census of the former USSR and population estimates for 1993 for urban places of over 15,000 population in the Russian Federation surveys the regional distribution, economic functions, and size characteristics of urban settlements in Russia with declining population over the period 1989-93. Interesting comparisons are drawn with patterns prevailing during previous periods, revealing recent increases in the number of such towns in major manufacturing regions and the North and an increase in the number of large cities. Towns experiencing the very greatest percentage declines (-10.0 percent or more) also are investigated." 相似文献
10.
Okafor FC 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》1987,7(3):243-256
This paper measures farmland size per capita, fallow index and fragmentation index as indices of land resource depletion and population pressure in the heavily populated southeastern Awka-Nnewi of Nigeria. Population density in the area ranges from 574-2403 persons per square km, increasing annually at 3%. The soils are porous, sandy, with extensive gully erosion. Land is subdivided in each generation such that each male child receives a parcel of his father's land. There are other pressures on land parcels, notably for residential use. Soils have become depleted from intense cropping such that yams can no longer be grown and people subsist on cassava. Data were collected from 290 households in 36 towns and villages. The 3 variables were defined mathematically, and tabulated for each village. Then a correlation matrix was computed between the independent and dependent variables. All 3 variables, land per capita, fallow and land depletion, were significantly inversely correlated with population density (p.01), the fragmentation index to the greatest degree. All dependent variables were significantly and positively correlated. Scatter diagrams suggested that the worst hit areas were the central towns, and the least affected areas were the peripheral zones along the rivers and floodplains. Although federal regulations have been passed to make land redistribution easier, local custom makes it unlikely that people will resettle voluntarily to outlying areas because of traditions of land ownership. Similarly, government measures to encourage conservation and recovery of eroded land have not been successful, and food shortages are beginning to occur. 相似文献
11.
Stuart A. Hall 《Geophysical Journal International》1979,58(3):583-592
Summary. Estimates of the secular variation in the Red Sea over the period 1959 to 1972 have been obtained from an analysis of marine magnetic data. A total of 318 crossings of ships' tracks were used to determine the mean secular variation for the intervals 1959–72, 1959–65 and 1965–72. The mean secular variation 1959–72 shows a marked northward increase from approximately -10 nT/yr at 13°N to +27 nT/yr at 24°N. North of this, the data suggest a small decrease to + 25 nT/yr at 27° N. These values are consistent with the secular variation recorded at the nearby geomagnetic observatory at Helwan, Egypt, but less than those predicted by the 1965 IGRF for the same period.
Comparison of the mean secular variations for 1959–65 and 1965–72 yields a rough estimate of the secular acceleration of - 1.5 nT yr−2 . Analysis of the cross-over information, corrected for the latitude dependence of the secular variation, shows a regular decrease in the secular change over the period 1959–72 at all latitudes of about -1 nTyr−2 . This secular acceleration makes a substantial contribution to the overall secular change in the Red Sea and as such must be included in the correction of magnetic data covering more than a few years. 相似文献
Comparison of the mean secular variations for 1959–65 and 1965–72 yields a rough estimate of the secular acceleration of - 1.5 nT yr
12.
长江三角洲地区特色小镇地域类型及其适应性营造路径 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
特色小镇作为一种新型小城镇发展模式,具有重要的人口-产业-文化多维一体集聚与示范意义。选取长三角地区69个特色小镇为研究对象,运用ArcGIS10.5空间分析及SPSS20.0聚类分析等方法研究其空间特征及地域类型。研究发现：① 长三角地区特色小镇分布趋于集聚型,具多个密集区,集中在以上海为核心的江浙沪皖交界处,各市域特色小镇分布不均衡,空间形态呈一心多组团集聚格局,沿交通干线呈带状分布,并且多位于县际边缘区;② 特色小镇类型多样,地方特色资源与文化影响显著,长三角地区两批特色小镇中工业发展型特色居首,旅游发展型相对下降;地域类型呈现5类,其中平原地区工业发展型或农业服务型、河网或低山历史文化-旅游型地域本底条件优势显著。建议未来发展应考虑特色小镇区际异质性与邻近趋同性,注重毗邻县界多镇组团利用各自产业优势联动发展,提升整体竞争力。 相似文献
13.
Cole JP 《Soviet geography》1990,31(3):160-172
"An overview of the dynamics of Soviet cities of over 100,000 population for the period 1979-1989 is presented, based largely on maps and tables depicting five key 'subsets' or city groupings: (a) cities increasing by over 100,000 inhabitants; (b) the fastest growing cities in percentage terms; (c) their comparison with fastest growing cities, 1959-1979; (d) the slowest growing cities in percentage terms; and (e) their comparison with slowest growing cities, 1959-1979. The paper, by focusing on these parameters and utilizing extensively graphic and cartographic methods of data presentation, provides...insights into city growth trends...." 相似文献
14.
ANDREW BACH 《Geographical review》2002,92(2):192-212
ABSTRACT. Meltwater contributes to watershed hydrology by increasing summer discharge, delaying the peak spring runoff, and decreasing variability in runoff. High‐elevation snowshed meltwater, including glacier‐derived input, provides an estimated 26.9 percent of summer streamflow (ranging annually from 16 to 40 percent) in the Nooksack River Basin above the town of Deming, Washington, in the North Cascades Range. The Nooksack is a major spawning river for salmon and once was important for commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing, and in the past its flow met the demands of both human and aquatic ecosystems. But the river is already legally overallocated, and demand is rising in response to the rapidly growing human population. Variability in snowshed contributions to the watershed is considerable but has increased from an average of 25.2 percent in the 1940s to an average of 30.8 percent in the 1990s. Overall stream discharge shows no significant increase, suggesting that the glaciers are melting, and/or precipitation levels (or other hydrologic factors) are decreasing at about the same rate. If glaciers continue to recede, they may disappear permanently from the Cascades. If that occurs, their summer contribution to surface‐water supplies will cease, and water‐management policies will need drastic revision. 相似文献
15.
云南气候环境变化对辣木种植产业的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以适宜辣木种植的气候环境条件为基础,采用云南各气象台站1959-2012年逐月的气象观测资料和数据,分析研究了云南气候环境变化对辣木种植产业的影响.得到的结果为：云南适合大面积推广种植辣木,但在不同的区域推广种植辣木,其气候环境的适应性差异则是比较显著的.因此,云南辣木种植产业的健康推进和理性发展,要以市场经济规律为基础,根据云南气候环境变化的时空特征和规律来进行科学合理的规划、引导和实施. 相似文献
16.
《Urban geography》2013,34(4):345-361
This paper examines the gender ratios of the Statistical Metropolitan Areas (SMAs) of Bangladesh for the last intercensal period (1981-1991) and discusses the factors that are associated with the changing gender ratios of the SMAs. The latest population census of Bangladesh suggests that the gender ratios of its four SMAs decl ined markedly during the last decade. This decline is explained in terms of the decentralization of government administration, initiation of rural development programs, increased opportunities for over-seas employment, and openings of employment for rural women in the garment industries of the SMAs. 相似文献
17.
武汉城市圈内部空间联系及其轴-辐网络结构演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
轴-辐伺服网络是一种高效的网络类型,有利于降低要素流动成本,提高效率,并发挥规模效应。选取武汉城市圈内37个城镇作为网络节点,利用修正后的引力模型计算其1995—2015年空间联系并进行分析,之后根据联系强度分布构建空间联系网络,并运用Python第三方开源软件包Networkx对其轴-辐网络结构及演化进行评价,得到如下结论：① 城市间联系强度逐渐增强,由单极放射状向网状一体化渐次演化,总体联系呈现以武汉主城区为中心的核心—边缘格局。空间联系网络与联系强度同步发育,结构更加致密,同时关键节点的枢纽地位愈发凸显。② 关键轴心城镇与联系通道围绕武汉主城区逐步发育,最终形成覆盖武汉主城区东、北、南三向的多重连接环,构成辐点城镇与轴心城镇进行联系的主要路径。③ 整体网络形成以武汉主城区为一级轴心,部分地级城市主城区为二级轴心,其他城镇为辐点的轴—辐网络结构,形态则呈现点对式网络—初级轴-辐网络—层级轴-辐网络的演化过程,且仍处于继续发育中。 相似文献
18.
中国小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展的关联分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展的相互作用关系是城乡规划学和城市地理学的重要理论研究议题,也是科学制定促进小城镇发展政策、实施新型城镇化规划的关键。学术界普遍认为基础设施缺乏是制约中国小城镇社会经济发展的主要因素,但支撑这一论断的一手调查研究仍属空白。本文采用全国121个镇的调查数据,运用灰色关联分析法构建小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展的关联度模型,定量分析了中国小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展之间的关联度整体水平及其地域性差异和规模类型差异性,以及基础设施与社会经济发展的协调状态。研究结果表明：①中国小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展之间存在较强的关联作用,但社会经济发展对基础设施建设的促进作用较强,而基础设施对社会经济发展的支撑作用相对较弱;②两者之间的关联度存在地域差异,东北地区的小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展之间的联系比其他地区更加紧密;在远离大城市的小城镇,两者之间相互关联度要比距离大城市较近的镇更强;③不同人口规模和功能类型的镇二者相互作用强度也有所不同,人口规模较小和较大的镇基础设施与社会经济发展间的联系比人口规模中等的镇更加紧密;商贸主导型镇二者相互关联强度较高,而工业主导型镇较弱;④小城镇的基础设施与社会经济的协调发展主要表现为中低发展水平的协调,即低发展水平的基础设施和低发展水平的社会经济状况并存;但高发展水平协调发展较少,且主要集中在东部地区和到特大城市距离适中的镇;距离特大城市较近或者较远都会导致两者之间形成一种低发展水平的协调;⑤在导致低发展水平协调的机制中,基础设施建设滞后所产生的作用要强于社会经济发展不足所产生的作用,这在东部地区小城镇和大城市近郊小城镇表现得较为明显。本文研究结论对于指导小城镇规划具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
19.
Hausladen G 《Soviet geography》1984,25(4):229-247
"This paper examines the impact of satellite-city policies [in the USSR] during the period 1959-80. First, it traces the evolution of satellite-city policies that evolved in response to Khrushchev's interest in regulating the growth of large cities. Second, it examines the extent to which these policies have affected actual urban growth during the period 1959-80. The analysis suggests that, despite satellite-city policies designed to restrict their growth, large cities have become even more dominant in the Soviet Union." 相似文献
20.
以福建省155个旅游小镇为研究样本,运用空间统计分析法对其空间分布特征及影响因素进行研究。结果表明：① 福建省旅游小镇空间分布整体上趋于均匀状态,在各个地市的数量分布上也相对均衡;② 福建省旅游小镇核密度呈现出“东高、西低”的分布特征,生态人居型旅游小镇分布密度最大,特色产业型旅游小镇分布密度最小;③ 福建省旅游小镇发展以冷点区和次冷点区为主,冷点区和热点区空间差异明显;④ 经济基础、城镇化水平、人口密度、客源市场是福建省旅游小镇空间分布的主要影响因素。 相似文献