共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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考虑降雨的非饱和土边坡稳定性分析方法 总被引：49，自引：13，他引：49
降雨往往是引起热带和亚热带的膨胀土、残积土边坡失稳的主要促发因素。地处热带和亚热带的膨胀土、残积土往往是非饱和的，由于吸力的存在，土体抗剪强度较高，土坡是稳定的，一旦发生降雨，雨水将渗入土体，土体饱和度增加，吸力锐减并引起抗剪强度大幅度下降，当持续降雨的历时和强度超过一定程度时，则可导致土坡失稳。采用极限平衡分析方法，建立了一套能考虑水分入渗的非饱和土边坡的稳定性分析方法，该方法考虑在降雨后土坡水分为一分布场及抗剪强度参数为饱和度的函数。给出了一个计算实例。计算结果表明，降雨引起的土坡失稳往往为浅层破坏。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2015,(11):3128-3134
基于三剪统一强度准则和非饱和土双应力状态变量抗剪强度,考虑中间主应力效应、材料拉压不等特性和强度准则差异的影响,建立了非饱和土抗剪强度三剪统一解,并在此基础上推导了非饱和土条形地基太沙基极限承载力的计算公式。通过可行性分析及算例论证,验证了所推公式的正确性,探讨了中间主应力效应、强度准则、基质吸力、有效内摩擦角和有效黏聚力等参数对非饱和土条形地基极限承载力的影响规律。研究结果表明:中间主应力效应和强度准则对非饱和土条形地基太沙基极限承载力具有显著影响,中间主应力效应越显著,极限承载力越高,说明考虑中间主应力效应可以更加充分发挥材料的强度潜能,也说明强度准则差异对地基极限承载力的预测具有重要作用。基质吸力对非饱和土条形地基太沙基极限承载力具有双重影响:在低基质吸力范围内,极限承载力随基质吸力的增大线性提高;当基质吸力增大到进气值时,极限承载力达到峰值;在高基质吸力范围内,极限承载力随基质吸力的增大逐渐降低,最终趋于稳定。非饱和土条形地基太沙基极限承载力随有效内摩擦角和有效黏聚力的增大显著提高。非饱和土太沙基极限承载力三剪统一解包含了多种屈服准则下地基承载力的计算公式,具有较广泛的适用性,可为实际工程应用提供参考。 相似文献
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非稳定渗流条件下非饱和土边坡稳定分析 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
大量的滑坡灾害表明, 水的作用是影响边坡失稳的重要原因,合理地评价边坡的稳定性,需考虑边坡基质吸力场的变化与水的渗流作用。通过稳定与非稳定渗流条件下的非饱和土堤算例,探讨了Bishop和Fredlund非饱和土抗剪强度公式应用于强度折减有限元法的差异,并与极限平衡法的结果进行对比。结果表明,Bishop和Fredlund非饱和土抗剪强度公式的本质是相同的,而从非稳定渗流条件下的分析结果来看,强度折减有限元法分析的安全系数与极限平衡法分析临水坡和背水坡安全系数的最小值相当接近,强度折减有限元法更适合分析边坡的整体稳定性。此外,采用Bishop强度公式可以通过用饱和度代替基质吸力参数来体现基质吸力对强度的影响,在分析饱和度较高的非饱和土边坡稳定性时较为方便。 相似文献
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水位骤降时的非饱和坝坡稳定分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
从非饱和土抗剪强度理论出发,应用极限平衡法和以有限元应力计算为基础的极限平衡法,分别对库水位骤降时的坝坡稳定进行了计算。分析中采用非饱和-非稳定渗流理论,模拟了孔隙水压力的消散过程,并考虑基质吸力对土体抗剪强度的影响,将每个渗流分析结果调入稳定分析模块计算其稳定性。最后将两类极限平衡法稳定分析结果进行了比较,结果表明,库水位的骤降,易引起坝坡的滑动,随着超静孔隙水压力的消散,坝坡稳定性逐渐提高;随着孔压消散,基质吸力对抗剪强度的贡献增大。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2017,(3):678-684
采用常规直剪仪对干湿循环作用下的非饱和膨胀土进行了不排水剪切试验,获得了不同含水率试样的总应力抗剪强度指标,可采用总黏聚力和总内摩擦角来反映土体的不排水抗剪性能;采用滤纸法测定了剪切完成后试样固定剪切面的基质吸力,结合直剪试验结果建立了全吸力范围内非饱和膨胀土的抗剪强度模型,通过试验对比验证了模型的合理性。干湿循环会显著降低膨胀土的不排水抗剪强度,其中对土体总黏聚力的削弱程度远大于对总内摩擦角的削弱程度。总应力抗剪强度指标与基质吸力的对数值近似为线性关系,土体抗剪强度随着基质吸力的增加而非线性增大,增大速率逐渐减小。试验结果表明,采用常规直剪仪和滤纸法开展干湿循环条件下非饱和膨胀土的抗剪强度研究是可行的。 相似文献
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基质吸力的存在使得土的工程性状变得十分复杂.非饱和土的力学性质,不仅受基质吸力及竖向荷载等应力状态的影响,吸力路径也起着不可忽视的作用.为了探讨不同吸力路径对非饱和土应力-应变关系和强度的影响,采用非饱和土直剪仪对不同吸力路径固结平衡的非饱和土样进行直剪试验,获得其固结量及应力-应变关系,得到了不同吸力路径对非饱和土抗剪强度的影响规律.试验结果表明:在相同的竖向荷载条件下,非饱和土的抗剪强度随着吸力的增加明显增大.在相同吸力及竖向荷载条件下,经历过较高吸力历史的试样固结量和前期剪切强度明显增大. 相似文献
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非饱和土抗剪强度及土压力统一解 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
基于统一强度理论和非饱和土双应力状态变量抗剪强度,合理考虑中间主应力效应,建立了非饱和土双应力状态变量抗剪强度统一解,并与文献试验结果进行比较,验证了公式的正确性;进而考虑基质吸力的不同分布,得到非饱和土主动土压力和被动土压力统一解,克服了朗肯土压力的不足,并得出中间主应力和基质吸力对土压力的影响特性。研究结果表明,主动土压力随着统一强度理论参数和基质吸力的增大而不断减小,被动土压力则相反;当基质吸力沿深度线性减小时,主动土压力和被动土压力都不像基质吸力沿深度为常数时变化得那么快。该结果为非饱和土抗剪强度和土压力分析提供了理论依据,对工程设计有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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非饱和土粒间吸力是建立非饱和土有效应力原理和抗剪强度理论的基础前提,从各力的本质、概念、大小等不同角度出发,对目前非饱和土研究中常见的几种吸力进行了详细地对比和分析。基质吸力表示土壤吸水的趋势,强调的是土颗粒与水之间的相互作用,并非土颗粒间的相互作用,与有效应力概念的本质不符,是Bishop和Fredlund强度理论中分别存在着物理意义不明确参数x和φb的根本原因;广义吸力虽然考虑了结构吸力的作用,但仍将基质吸力作为有效应力的一部分,使原本“实用、简化”的目标更加复杂化;附加内压力将基质吸力以及表面张力的作用进行叠加,存在力作用大小上的重复,同时未考虑结构吸力的作用;张力吸力将表面张力沿两土颗粒连线方向的分量——张力吸力和基质吸力进行叠加,一是仍将基质吸力作为有效应力的一部分,二是同样未考虑结构吸力的作用;粒间吸力（湿吸力和结构吸力）考虑了因土体结构性引起的结构吸力作用,同时也考虑了气液界面上收缩膜的效应——湿吸力的作用,基于粒间吸力的非饱和土有效应力及强度理论不仅符合有效应力定义的本质,而且合理地解释了非饱和土中诸如收缩膜张力的方向性、土中应力概念的平均性、土体物理本质的唯一性、随含水率变化的连续性以及对不同类型土的适应性等众多现象。因此,从粒间吸力的角度出发来研究非饱和土的有效应力原理是正确、可行的。 相似文献
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非饱和土中土-水之间的相互作用可区分为毛细作用和吸附作用,已有的非饱和土力学特性的研究大都局限于较低吸力、毛细作用占优范围。实践中由于环境的变化,地表土体常经历干湿循环及处在低含水率、高吸力状态,此时吸附作用占优。针对高岭土-河砂配制的非膨胀性黏性土,采用饱和盐溶液蒸汽平衡法,从脱湿和吸湿两种吸力路径下对土体施加高吸力。测试了高吸力下土体的强度和变形特性,试验中选用了0（接近无侧限）、25、50、100 kPa共4组小围压。试验结果表明,高吸力下土体表现为应变软化型破坏和剪胀性。随着围压的施加,土体从沿纵向开裂的张裂破坏过渡为剪切破坏。验证了修正后的Bishop非饱和土强度公式不适用于描述高吸力时峰值抗剪强度的变化,得到了高吸力下峰值抗剪强度可用相对于净应力的临界状态强度和剪胀作用来表示。分析发现,高吸力时土体的抗剪强度和比表面积直接相关,吸力对土体抗剪强度的作用取决于土体集聚体组构的形成和发展程度及其导致的剪胀作用。 相似文献
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非饱和抗剪强度指标c、φ值与含水率w的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
非饱和土力学已经确认了基质吸力与非饱和土的强度指标有关,而基质吸力与含水率有着密切的关系。通过理论和三轴剪切试验分析,探讨了非饱和残积土抗剪强度指标c、φ与含水率ω变化的一般规律;同时结合已经推出的土水特征曲线关系,探讨抗剪强度指标c、φ与基质吸力μ的变化的一般规律。结果表明:随着非饱和土含水率ω增加、基质吸力μ的减小,黏聚力c有减少的趋势,内摩擦角φ变化不大。通过线性回归分析,黏聚力与含水率成半对数线性关系,黏聚力与基质吸力成线性关系。现有的非饱和土实用公式精确性较差,非饱和土抗剪强度指标有待进一步的研究与完善。 相似文献
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Strength reduction FEM in stability analysis of soil slopes subjected to transient unsaturated seepage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The instability of soil slopes induced by the fluctuation of water level or rainfall has received much attention in the literature recently and the failure mechanism is closely related to the change of matric suction of unsaturated soils. Such a change is basically induced by unsaturated transient seepage. The traditional approach for estimating the stability of slopes subjected to unsaturated transient seepage is based on the limit equilibrium method (LEM). The limit equilibrium approach is limited by assumptions about analysis method and failure mechanism. In order to overcome those limitations, a finite element method with shear strength reduction technique (SSRFEM) has been successfully applied to the slope stability analysis in absence of seepage. The main objective of this paper is to extend the use of the strength reduction FEM to include the effects of unsaturated transient seepage and some primary numerical results concerning the stability of an earth dam under rapid drawdown are presented. Emphasis has been given to comparison of the safety factors obtained by LEM and SSRFEM. Topics for the further research in this area are also suggested. 相似文献
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For the assessment of shallow landslides triggered by rainfall, the physically based model coupling the infinite slope stability
analysis with the hydrological modeling in nearly saturated soil has commonly been used due to its simplicity. However, in
that model the rainfall infiltration in unsaturated soil could not be reliably simulated because a linear diffusion-type Richards’
equation rather than the complete Richards’ equation was used. In addition, the effect of matric suction on the shear strength
of soil was not actually considered. Therefore, except the shallow landslide in saturated soil due to groundwater table rise,
the shallow landslide induced by the loss in unsaturated shear strength due to the dissipation of matric suction could not
be reliably assessed. In this study, a physically based model capable of assessing shallow landslides in variably saturated
soils is developed by adopting the complete Richards’ equation with the effect of slope angle in the rainfall infiltration
modeling and using the extended Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion to describe the unsaturated shear strength in the soil failure
modeling. The influence of rainfall intensity and duration on shallow landslide is investigated using the developed model.
The result shows that the rainfall intensity and duration seem to have similar influence on shallow landslides respectively
triggered by the increase of positive pore water pressure in saturated soil and induced by the dissipation of matric suction
in unsaturated soil. The rainfall duration threshold decreases with the increase in rainfall intensity, but remains constant
for large rainfall intensity. 相似文献
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考虑饱和-非饱和渗流的土坡极限分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
给出了均质土坝的下游坝坡的安全系数的计算方法。均质土坝的下游坝坡有可能会通过滑裂面发生破坏。土坝中的土坡通常处于非饱和状态。非饱和土坡的安全系数计算需要考虑吸力对抗剪强度的贡献以及土坡中的非饱和渗流。给出处于饱和-非饱和渗流状态下的土坡的安全系数,有助于评价均质土坝的安全系数。下游坝坡的安全系数计算方法有：极限平衡法、上限解法和下限解法,该算法适用于非饱和土坡,且是在饱和土坡安全系数的计算方法上修正得到的。算例中非饱和土坡安全系数的计算考虑了吸力对抗剪强度的贡献。考虑非饱和渗流理论的土坡安全系数计算方法通常更加接近现场实际情况,并且对于同一坝坡,考虑非饱和渗流计算出的土坡安全系数要比饱和渗流理论计算出的安全系数大。 相似文献
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Nouzari Mohammad Amin Jamshidi Chenari Reza Payan Meghdad Pishgar Faranak 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(2):943-956
There exist many structures founded on unsaturated soil deposits. Shear strength augmentation due to the evolution of the matric suction within the unsaturated porous media enhances the bearing capacity of the overlying foundation. This paper presents the evaluation of the pseudo-static seismic bearing capacity of the shallow foundations resting on unsaturated soil deposits using limit equilibrium method. Adopting the Coulomb failure mechanism and Bishop effective stress concept, the bearing capacity equations are solved. The distribution of the matric suction beneath the footing is assumed to be linear. The results of the bearing capacity evaluation are validated against some experimental data found in literature for the static condition. For the seismic loading consideration, the pseudo-static method is utilized. The dual effect of the earthquake acceleration vertical component is thoroughly discussed and a suction transition point is introduced in which the minimum bearing capacity is observed to bear the same value for both upward and downward directions. The increase in the matric suction throughout the soil deposit leads to the increase in the soil shear strength, thus posing more resisting forces as well as higher ultimate bearing capacity. The offered solution is deemed a consistent and useful tool for the accurate prediction of the seismic bearing capacity of shallow footings resting on unsaturated soil deposits.
相似文献18.
In this paper, the shear strength with respect to the matric suction of unsaturated soils was studied. For this purpose, unsaturated
triaxial testing procedures were applied to the undisturbed residual soil specimens. An apparatus for performing triaxial
tests was designed and constructed. In the tests, matric suction was controlled by using the axis translation technique, and
pore water volume changes were measured by means of a volume change transducer with 10−8 m3 sensitivity. The test results indicated that the matric suction contributes to the shear strength of unsaturated soil specimens,
and this contribution called suction strength varies non-linearly with respect to the matric suction. The logarithmic model
needing to know the air-entry value and the internal friction angle of a soil specimen for prediction of the suction strength
were presented and compared with the test results. It was found that suction strength values predicted from the proposed model
were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. 相似文献
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非饱和土应力状态是采用有效应力( –ua)和基质吸力(ua–uw)作为应力状态变量,相应的Mohr-Coulomb破坏包面是在有效应力、基质吸力和剪应力的三维坐标系中的曲面（通常在应用中假定为平面）。根据应变等效性原理定义损伤变量,由非饱和土给出损伤变量与偏应力的曲线,并得到非饱和土的损伤阈值与基质吸力呈指数函数关系。采用一非饱和土土坡开挖过程的算例,说明基于损伤演化描述的稳定性数值分析方法可行。 相似文献