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1.
Grove Mountains(GRV)051523是一块新发现的钙长辉长无球粒陨石,主要由粗粒辉石(62.9 vol%)和长石(34.2 vol%)以及少量不透明矿物(2.7vol%)组成,含很少量的二氧化硅晶屑和细粒富铁橄榄石(Fa75)。粗粒辉石包括易变辉石和普通辉石,两者均普遍具有出熔现象,出熔的晶片大部分宽1-3μm。不透明矿物为铬铁矿、钛铁矿和硫化物。该陨石受到强烈的撞击并角砾化,形成冲击熔脉。粗粒辉石晶体普遍存在微粒状或细针状铬铁矿,并具有定向分布特征,可能也与强烈的冲击变质有关。不同产状的辉石成分均一,表明该陨石经历过强烈的热变质,使其矿物化学组成基本达到平衡,因此将其岩石类型划分为5-6型。GRV 051523的发现为了解灶神星的物质组成、岩浆分异、以及多阶段撞击和热变质历史提供了新材料。 相似文献
2.
MIL090036是一块在南极新发现的月球陨石,属于斜长岩质月球角砾岩。本文对这块陨石开展了详细的岩石学、矿物学特征观察与研究。MIL090036月球陨石具有典型的碎屑结构。碎屑包括岩屑、矿屑和玻屑。岩屑类型有斜长岩岩屑、辉长质斜长岩岩屑、辉长岩岩屑、风化角砾岩岩屑、橄长岩岩屑、微斑熔融角砾岩岩屑、复合角砾岩岩屑等;矿屑有辉石、斜长石、橄榄石、钛铁矿等;玻屑主要为长石质。基质由玻璃质、重结晶的细粒矿物和矿屑胶结组成。辉长岩岩屑中的斜长石（An81-83）和斜长岩中的斜长石(An88-93)较其他碎屑中的斜长石(An90-98)贫钙。岩屑、矿屑和长石质玻屑中的辉石相对贫铁（Fs 12-35Wo3-44 En22-79）,而含玻璃质的辉长岩岩屑中的辉石（Fs37-65Wo10-29 En21-49）与基质中的辉石（Fs18-69Wo3-45 En14-50）相对富铁。辉长岩质斜长岩中辉石成分变化范围最小（Fs24-27Wo7-14 En59-69）。矿屑橄榄石和分布于基质中的橄榄石铁镁含量（Fo57-79）相对岩屑中的橄榄石(Fo67-77) 变化范围大。橄榄石Fe/Mn比值为47-83（平均76）、辉石Fe/Mn比值为76-112（平均73）,都与月球橄榄石和月球辉石一致。岩石结构、矿物模式组合和化学成分等特征表明MIL090036是来自Apollo和Luna采样范围外的样品。对MIL090036的矿物学、岩石学和化学成分的进一步研究将能够丰富我们对月表物质组成和演化的认识。 相似文献
3.
In recent years remagnetization of orogenic belts has been explained by fluid migration through rocks undergoing deformation. A laboratory study of remagnetization is presented in which varying amounts of iron (0-13.5 weight per cent Fe2 O3 ) are adsorbed onto smectite surfaces. All smectite samples contain structural Fe (III) which is located in octahedral sites and is thermally stable up to 700 C. An increase in the amount of iron adsorbed onto the clay surface leads to the formation of ferric nanophases in which parts are magnetic. Mineralogical changes that occur during thermal treatment between room temperature and 700 C were monitored using electron spin resonance (ESR), bulk susceptibility, acquisition of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) and Curie temperature analysis. After heating the samples to 250 C, a new ferrimagnetic phase is created as indicated by ESR and IRM acquisition. ESR spectra, IRM acquisition and Curie analyses suggest that magnetite is the predominant phase that is being created. These grains continue to be created and grow with heating up to 500 C. Above this temperature a decrease in the intensity of the IRM at 1T suggests that the phase is being transformed into haematite. The thermal experiments on iron-loaded smectites show that surface-induced processes can lead to the formation of new magnetic minerals under conditions characteristic of low-grade metamorphism. 相似文献
4.
GRV024237是第19次中国南极科学考察队在南极格罗夫山地区一号冰碛上发现的。主要由粗粒状橄榄石(60vol%)、易变辉石(30vol%)和不透明矿物(10vol%)组成,粗粒橄榄石辉石、颗粒边界呈120°接触角,无球粒,粗粒橄榄石具有明显的反环带结构,这些特征符合典型的橄辉无球粒陨石结构。薄片中橄榄石颗粒的边部到核部化学组成变化显著,边部富镁,Fa6.2—Fa17.5;易变辉石组成比较均一,Fs14.0—Fs15.5;基质不透明矿物富含碳质,充填于大颗粒的间隙及裂隙。岩石学和矿物化学组成两方面都表明GRV024237是一块橄辉无球粒陨石,且属于I型单矿角砾岩,中等FeO/MgO比值,冲击程度较弱,经历了部分熔融。 相似文献
5.
利用采自干旱区高山～新疆阿尔泰山的表层泥炭样品,以K-T曲线为主,结合J-T曲线、磁滞参数以及XRD等相关实验,探讨了应用热磁实验鉴别富含有机质的弱磁性物质磁性特征.结果表明:样品中磁化率的主要贡献者为低矫顽力的强磁性矿物-磁铁矿,磁铁矿的粒径为PSD(准单畴).加热过程中,含铁粘土矿物绿泥石分解生成新的磁铁矿,磁畴转变成MD(多畴),逐步加热的K-T曲线表明,利用K-T曲线分析含有大量有机质成分弱磁性物质的磁性特征具有一定的指导作用,泥炭样品受热生成的磁性矿物的类型与数量不仅受加热的最高温度控制,同时在加热到不同温度时由于有机质对磁性矿物的还原作用表现出差异性,使得泥炭样品加热到不同温度后的转化、改造及最终生成物亦变得异常复杂. 相似文献
6.
Reidar Løvlie 《Geophysical Journal International》1981,66(2):417-426
Summary. Palaeomagnetic investigation of 18 coast-parallel, alkaline dykes from the Sunnhordland region, western Norway, reveal the presence of multi-component magnetization in half of the dykes. The distribution of reversely magnetized directional end-points corresponds to a Kiaman (Permian) geomagnetic field direction, but the intersection of great circle trends coincide with the well-grouped and stable normal magnetization present in the remaining nine dykes. The stable remanence deviates significantly from any known palaeomagnetic field direction for western Europe and, although a non-dipole field/spot-reading origin cannot be ruled out, it is tentatively suggested that the magnetically stable dykes were intruded when the Sunnhordland area was affected by a temporary eastward tilt associated with a phase of crustal uplift over the adjacent North Sea area. A tilt-connection of 15° will bring the stable remanence directions in close agreement with the Triassic/Jurassic pole position for western Europe, implying a Kimmerian age of these intrusions. The range of reported K-Ar ages of some of the dykes is not in accordance with the palaeomagnetic results and is tentatively attributed to: (a) partial argon loss in the reversely magnetized dykes (Kiaman) caused by reheating during the intrusion of the assumed younger sequence of the magnetically stable and normally magnetized dykes, (b) excess argon in the assumed younger dykes, inherited from xenoliths present. A Kiaman intrusive age of all the dykes cannot be excluded, however, in which case a complete remagnetization of some of the dykes, occurring possibly during the proposed event of crustal uplift, was associated with partial loss of argon. 相似文献
7.
Gyroremanent magnetization and the magnetic properties of greigite-bearing clays in southern Sweden 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Ian F. Snowball 《Geophysical Journal International》1997,129(3):624-636
The acquisition of a gyroremanent magnetization (GRM) by single-domain (SD) greigite particles during alternating-field (AF) demagnetization is demonstrated. Previous palaeomagnetic studies failed to identify the presence of authigenic greigite in the glacio-marine clays studied. These clays formed the subject of an earlier debate about the validity of a Late Weichselian geomagnetic excursion (the Gothenburg Flip) in southern Sweden. The greigite carries a stable chemical remanent magnetization (CRM), which coexists with a detrital remanent magnetization (DRM) carried by magnetite. AF demagnetization could not isolate the primary remanence in the sediments where magnetite and greigite coexist, due to the overlapping coercivity spectra of the two minerals and the inability to determine the time lag between sediment deposition and CRM formation. Thermal demagnetization removed the CRM at temperatures below 400 C, but this method was hindered by the unconsolidated nature of the sediments and the formation of secondary magnetic minerals at higher temperatures. The results suggest that the low-coercivity DRM carried by magnetite was mistaken for a 'viscous' component in the earlier studies. Hence the former debate about the record of the Gothenburg Flip may have been based on erroneous palaeomagnetic interpretations or non-reproducible results. AF demagnetization procedures applied to samples suspected of bearing SD magnetic particles (such as greigite) should be carefully selected to recognize and account for GRM acquisition. 相似文献
8.
Studies of magnetic properties enable reconstruction of environmental conditions that affected magnetic minerals incorporated in sediments from Upper Klamath Lake. Analyses of stream sediment samples from throughout the catchment of Upper Klamath Lake show that alteration of Fe-oxide minerals during subaerial chemical weathering of basic volcanic rocks has significantly changed magnetic properties of surficial deposits. Titanomagnetite, which is abundant both as phenocrysts and as microcrystals in fresh volcanic rocks, is progressively destroyed during weathering. Because fine-grained magnetite is readily altered due to large surface-to-volume ratios, weathering causes an increase in average magnetic grain size as well as reduction in the quantity of titanomagnetite both absolutely and relative to hematite. Hydrodynamic mineralogical sorting also produces differences in magnetic properties among rock and mineral grains of differing sizes. Importantly, removal of coarse silicate and Fe-oxide grains by sorting concentrated extremely fine-grained magnetite in the resulting sediment. The effects of weathering and sorting of minerals cannot be completely separated. These processes combine to produce the magnetic properties of a non-glacial lithic component of Upper Klamath Lake sediments, which is characterized by relatively low magnetite content and coarse magnetic grain size. Hydrodynamic sorting alone causes significant differences between the magnetic properties of glacial flour in lake sediments and of fresh volcanic rocks in the catchment. In comparison to source volcanic rocks, glacial flour in the lake sediment is highly enriched in extremely fine-grained magnetite. 相似文献
9.
本文通过对南极半岛西北部海域23个表层沉积物中碎屑矿物分析研究,获得以下结果:1.主要矿物有单斜辉石、斜方辉石、角闪石、绿帘石、磁铁矿、钛铁矿、黄铁矿、白云母、黑云母、绿泥石、橄榄石,玄武闪石、石榴石、磷灰石、锆石、金红石及火山玻璃、斜长石、石英等;2.根据矿物分布特征和稀土元素特征本区可分为三个矿物区和三种矿物组合类型:①基性火山碎屑矿物沉积区,矿物组合类型为辉石-火山玻屑型;②中酸性火成矿物沉积区,矿物组合类型为辉石-绿帘石-角闪石-石英;③基性火山碎屑矿物和变质矿物混合沉积区。矿物组合类型为辉石-绿帘石-石榴石-石英-火山玻屑。 相似文献
10.
We report on a detailed palaeomagnetic study of the Miocene Farellones volcanic formation in the Chilean Andes near Santiago (two sections, 37 sites, about 400 orientated cores). Petrological observations show evidence of low-grade metamorphism increasing downwards through the volcanic sequence. Optical observations of opaque minerals and magnetic experiments suggest that in many cases maghemitization is associated with hydrothermal alteration. However, thermal demagnetization data indicate that the low-grade metamorphism did not significantly modify the direction of the primary remanent magnetization recorded at the time of emplacement of the volcanic lava flows. Four intervals of polarity with two intermediate palaeodirections were observed in the ~650-m-thick composite section. According to the dispersion of flow average directions, palaeosecular variation was slightly larger than that observed in general during the Upper Cenozoic. The site mean directions obtained in this study differ significantly from the expected Miocene direction. Clockwise rotations of up to 20° of small blocks are probably associated with the deformation of the Andean Cordillera since middle Miocene times. Geomagnetic palaeointensity data were obtained, using the Thellier method, on 24 samples from eight distinct lava flows. The flow mean VDM varies from 1.4 to 4.0 × 1022 A m−2 . Altogether, our data seem to suggest the existence of a relatively low geomagnetic field undergoing large fluctuations. Although a linear relationship was observed between the natural remanent magnetization and the thermal remanent magnetization acquired during the Thellier–Thellier experiments, undetected chemical alteration of the magnetic minerals during hydrothermalism may also explain the unusually low palaeointensity obtained. 相似文献
11.
J. Edwards 《Geophysical Journal International》1982,71(1):199-214
Summary. On the basis of existing theories of rotational remanent magnetization, it is predicted that a gyroremanent magnetization (GRM) might be induced in an isotropic specimen whose orientation is changed during the interval between successive alternating field treatments. An expression is derived, relating the relative magnitude of GRM to the angular displacement, θ of a specimen about an axis perpendicular to the alternating field axis. The predicted effects were observed for four of the five specimens investigated, and in each case GRM was of comparable magnitude to the corresponding partial rotational remanent magnetization. Hysteresis loop curves and characteristics are all consistent with a main magnetic component comprising magnetite grains. A possible connection between GRM and another form of GRM reported in the case of an anisotropic specimen is suggested. Demagnetization of isotropic (and anisotropic) samples by means of the multi-axis technique might be adversely affected by production of GRM. 相似文献
12.
A magnetic coupling occurring in partial self-reversal of magnetism and its association with increased magnetic viscosity in basalts 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
John Petherbridge 《Geophysical Journal International》1977,50(2):395-406
Summary. Samples of Rauher Kulm basalt containing titanomagnetite were heat treated to exhibit partial self-reversal caused by a CRM acquired by an exsolved or 'daughter' phase reversely coupled with the original or 'mother' phase. Alternation of thermal demagnetization with alternating field (AF) demagnetization from progressively higher values of peak AF showed that the two phases were mainly demagnetized together. The coercivity of the coupled. phases exceeded that of the natural sample.
Screening of the daughter phase by a shell of mother phase was demonstrated using large pieces of synthetic titanomagnetite with segregated magnetite and applying a field during the process of self-reversal. Saturation magnetization was measured to indicate the relative proportion of the phases.
Measurements of viscous magnetization of Rauher Kulm samples confirmed that heat treatment caused increased viscosity, but with anomalous anisotropy. After a certain time the viscosity coefficient changed sharply. Explained in terms of grains present such viscous growth initially involved growth of the two phases in opposition. Owing to its greater volume the mother phase growth, which involved low-energy domain wall barriers, was assumed to be the greater. When there were no more daughter phase nuclei of sub-critical volume available, the mother phase growth continued unopposed. Analysis of available growth curves showed that the magnetic viscosity coefficient of the daughter phase was related to the viscosity coefficient for this unopposed growth, which depended on the sum of the external field and the change of the back field produced by the daughter phase. Small granules within grains could be a factor in increasing viscosity due to domain wall movement. 相似文献
Screening of the daughter phase by a shell of mother phase was demonstrated using large pieces of synthetic titanomagnetite with segregated magnetite and applying a field during the process of self-reversal. Saturation magnetization was measured to indicate the relative proportion of the phases.
Measurements of viscous magnetization of Rauher Kulm samples confirmed that heat treatment caused increased viscosity, but with anomalous anisotropy. After a certain time the viscosity coefficient changed sharply. Explained in terms of grains present such viscous growth initially involved growth of the two phases in opposition. Owing to its greater volume the mother phase growth, which involved low-energy domain wall barriers, was assumed to be the greater. When there were no more daughter phase nuclei of sub-critical volume available, the mother phase growth continued unopposed. Analysis of available growth curves showed that the magnetic viscosity coefficient of the daughter phase was related to the viscosity coefficient for this unopposed growth, which depended on the sum of the external field and the change of the back field produced by the daughter phase. Small granules within grains could be a factor in increasing viscosity due to domain wall movement. 相似文献
13.
A theoretical and experimental comparison of the anisotropies of magnetic susceptibility and remanence in rocks and minerals 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Summary. Susceptibility, thermo-remanent magnetization (TRM) and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) anisotropy ellipsoids have been determined for several rock samples. The results indicate that the ellipsoid of initial susceptibility is less anisotropic than the TRM and low field IRM ellipsoids which are found experimentally to be of identical shape. This suggests that palaeomagnetic data for anisotropic rocks may be corrected by using the anisotropy ellipsoid determined from magnetically non-destructive low field IRM measurements. Such IRM measurements can also be used to obtain anisotropy axes of samples which are inherently anisotropic but which have a susceptibility which is too weak to be accurately measured. The results for a series of artificial anisotropic samples containing magnetite particles of different sizes (in the range 0.2–90 μm) were very similar to those for the rocks. In contrast, a comparison of the susceptibility and IRM ellipsoids for anisotropic samples containing particles from a magnetic tape gave very different results in accordance with theory. Such results imply that susceptibility and IRM ellipsoids could be used to determine whether anisotropic rocks contain uniaxial single-domain particles (magnetization confined to the easy axis) or whether the particles are essentially multidomain. 相似文献
14.
A. E. M. Nairn 《Geophysical Journal International》1957,7(6):308-313
Summary. Representative samples of Cretaceous and Jurassic arenaceous rocks and some Jurassic limestone samples were collected. The arenaceous rocks were generally either too weakly magnetized for the measurement of their remanent magnetization, or were unstable; higher intensities of magnetization were recorded in the limestones. The magnetic directions of the few reversed Jurassic limestones indicate a pole position near Omsk. X-ray analysis indicates that the detrital iron ore mineral present was goethite. It is concluded that the palaeomagnetic unsuitability of these Jurassic and Cretaceous deltaic deposits results from the weathering conditions in the source area. 相似文献
15.
EPR evidence for maghemitization of magnetite in a tropical soil 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Electron paramagnetic spectroscopy (EPR) was used in combination with standard rock magnetic methods to study magnetic minerals in a tropical soil. The susceptibility and hysteresis measurements showed magnetite grains with a Curie temperature near 850 K as the dominant magnetic remanence carriers in the soil. A minor Ti content in the magnetite was found by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. In order to get insight into the weathering status of the magnetite, different chemical treatments, including oxalate and citrate–bicarbonate–dithionite (CBD) extraction, were applied to the soil samples. The hysteretic properties exhibited no significant differences between the untreated and the CBD or oxalate treated samples. By contrast, the comparison of the EPR spectra revealed a significant broadening of the linewidth (δB) and a shift of the g -values ( g eff ) to lower fields after the CBD treatment. Furthermore, the spectral parameters g eff and δB exhibited an angular dependence. At low temperature, the CBD treated samples showed a jump in δB between 120 and 100 K, the temperature range characteristic for the Verwey transition in magnetite. The changes in the spectral properties after the CBD treatment, which dissolves ferric oxides, were attributed to the removal of maghemite formed by the oxidation of magnetite, that is, during the maghemitization of the magnetite grains. 相似文献
16.
出露在利文斯顿岛中部的中－晚白垩世火山碎屑岩为多源的角砾凝灰岩、角砾岩和集块碎屑岩，成分以安山质为主。橄榄玄武岩主要在史莱夫角出露，为全晶质斑状构造；主要出露在中利文斯顿和汉那角的安山岩、玄武安山岩多具细晶微斑构造。更新世至现代的火山岩为全晶质斑状的橄榄玄武岩和火山碎屑岩。熔岩的基本矿物组合大致相似，均为斜长石＋辉石（＋橄榄石）＋铁的氧化物，但矿物的含量比例因岩性不同而有所区别。岩石中的斜长石斑晶多具正环带；随着岩石ＳｉＯ２含量的增加，斜长石中Ｏｒ和Ａｂ组分增加而Ａｎ含量下降，斑晶边缘成分一般与基质里长石的成分相近。安山岩和玄武安山岩含有中长石－拉长石斑晶，玄武岩主要含拉长石斑晶，但橄榄玄武岩和粗玄岩中斜长石斑晶的核部为富钙的倍长石。更新世－现代的橄榄玄武岩，其所含斜长石斑晶和基质长石亦比较富钙。玄武安山岩中的辉石多为普通辉石，橄榄玄武岩和玄武岩中含有透辉石斑晶。辉石的Ｔｉ含量低，这是钙碱性火山岩的共同特点。史莱夫角的橄榄玄武岩含有贵橄榄石斑晶。粗玄岩中橄榄石成分与史莱夫角基质橄榄石成分相近。更新世至现代的橄榄玄武岩中既有正常结晶的橄榄石斑晶，还见到高Ｆｏ组分的深源捕掳晶。上述玄武岩中矿物组合的基本特征证明 相似文献
17.
Rock magnetic parameters are often used to recognize variations in the original magnetic mineralogy and for normalizing purposes in palaeointensity studies. Incipient weathering, however, is shown to have a profound but partly reversible influence on the rock magnetic properties of the marls of the Early Pliocene Trubi formation in southern Sicily (Italy). The remanence in the marls resides in single-domain (SD) magnetite grains, but the remanent coercive force (Hcr ) shows a strong variation and most values observed are anomalously high ( Hcr ) range 36–188 mT).
The enhanced coercivities are attributed to stress in the magnetite grains induced by surface oxidation at low temperature. Upon heating to 150 °C a reduction of coercivities occurs that can be explained by a stress reduction as a result of a reduction of Fe2- gradient due to a higher diffusion rate at elevated temperature. After heating to 150 °C, coercivities are quite uniform throughout the outcrop and the values are characteristic of SD magnetite (Hcr range 30–38 mT). The bulk susceptibility increases by 4–24 per cent, and the isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) decreases by 5–11 per cent. The increase in anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) is large: 20–242 per cent. The magnitude of the changes is related to the degree of weathering.
Another effect of heating the marl samples to 150 °C is a substantial reduction of the coercivities of the secondary overprint in the natural remanent magnetization. After heating. separation of the secondary and primary components by alternating-field demagnetization is more efficient. The usual difficulties of thermal demagnetization above 300 °C may thus be avoided by a combination of moderate heating to 150 °C and subsequent alternating-field demagnetization. 相似文献
The enhanced coercivities are attributed to stress in the magnetite grains induced by surface oxidation at low temperature. Upon heating to 150 °C a reduction of coercivities occurs that can be explained by a stress reduction as a result of a reduction of Fe
Another effect of heating the marl samples to 150 °C is a substantial reduction of the coercivities of the secondary overprint in the natural remanent magnetization. After heating. separation of the secondary and primary components by alternating-field demagnetization is more efficient. The usual difficulties of thermal demagnetization above 300 °C may thus be avoided by a combination of moderate heating to 150 °C and subsequent alternating-field demagnetization. 相似文献
18.
Doreen M. C. Walker 《Geophysical Journal International》1981,67(1):1-18
Summary. The Upper Mesozoic section from Northern Tunisia provided an Upper Jurassic palaeomagnetic pole of 65.2°S 20.3°E α95 = 6.1 calculated from the means of normal and reversely magnetized samples from the uppermost Callovian, Oxfordian, Kimmeridgian and Portlandian rocks. In general the only Cretaceous rocks to yield acceptable results were the few samples collected from fresh outcrops.
A polarity sequence can be established for the Upper Jurassic which can be correlated with the oceanic Keathley anomaly sequence. One consequence of the proposed correlation of the oceanic anomaly with the terrestrial palaeomagnetic sequence is to suggest a slightly different age for the Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian boundary. One interpretation of the frequent intermediate directions of magnetization in the Cretaceous sequence is that there may be a number of unrecognized short period reversals within the Cretaceous and, more particularly, during the so-called Cretaceous normal period. 相似文献
A polarity sequence can be established for the Upper Jurassic which can be correlated with the oceanic Keathley anomaly sequence. One consequence of the proposed correlation of the oceanic anomaly with the terrestrial palaeomagnetic sequence is to suggest a slightly different age for the Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian boundary. One interpretation of the frequent intermediate directions of magnetization in the Cretaceous sequence is that there may be a number of unrecognized short period reversals within the Cretaceous and, more particularly, during the so-called Cretaceous normal period. 相似文献
19.
A continental sequence of red beds and interbedded basaltic layers crops out in the Sierra Chica of Córdoba Province, Argentina (31.5°S, 64.4°W). This succession was deposited in a half-graben basin during the Early Cretaceous. We have carried out a palaeomagnetic survey on outcrops of this basin (147 sites in seven localities). From an analysis of IRM acquisition curves and detailed demagnetization behaviour, three different magnetic components are identified in the volcanic rocks: components A, B and X are carried by single- or pseudo-single-domain (titano) magnetite, haematite and multidomain magnetite, respectively. Component A is interpreted as a primary component of magnetization because it passes conglomerate, contact, tilt and reversal tests. The carrier of the primary magnetization, fine-grained (titano)magnetite, is present in basalts with a high degree of deuteric oxidation. This kind of oxidation is interpreted to have occurred during cooling. Components B and X are discarded because they are interpreted as recent magnetizations. In the sedimentary rocks, haematite and magnetite are identified as the carriers of remanence. Both minerals carry the same component, which passes a reversal test. The calculated palaeomagnetic pole, based on 55 sites, is Lat. 86.0°S, Long. 75.9°E ( A 95 =3.3, K =35). This palaeomagnetic pole supersedes four with anomalous positions reported in previous papers. 相似文献
20.
The time and temperature stability of various types of magnetic remanence has been measured in pottery samples containing magnetite and in a clay sample containing manganese ferrite. The time decay of rotational remanent magnetization (RRM), anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) and a low-field isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) has been measured. While the decay of the last two remanences is easily measurable at about 2 and 19 per cent per decade of time, respectively, the decay of RRM is too small to be measured, being less than about 0.1 per cent per decade of time. Thermal demagnetization of thermoremanent magnetization (TRM), ARM and RRM indicates that RRM is also the most thermally stable. The implications of these experiments are that rocks which exhibit gyromagnetic effects such as RRM contain highly stable particles and therefore are likely to be most suitable for palaeomagnetism. 相似文献