共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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笔者于1996年间月初参加了在台北举办的海峡两岸航空气象与飞航服务研讨会。本文主要对在台北期间从台湾航空气象同行提供的资料及实地考察中了解到的有关情况作一综述。1航空气象业务管理及服务体系最高管理层是台湾民航局，其次是飞航服务总台；业务实际操作部门是隶属于飞航服务总台的台北气象中心（以下简称为民航台北气象中心）及其属下的机场气象台站，机构的框架体系如图1所示。豆．1管理层台湾民航局本部的航管组设置有专门从事航空气象业务发展、规划、标准制订部门，起到参谋作用的气象人员，为决策层出谋划策。飞航服务总台是一… 相似文献
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王润芝 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》1988,(3)
一、农业气象服务的地位与内涵党的十一届三中全会以来,实行开放、搞活的政策,促进了生产力的迅猛发展。而气象服务则突破了传统的单一的公益天气预报服务的方式,针对农业、航空、环境保护等众多专业的不同需要,开展各种专业气象服务,农业气象服务是这支服务队伍中的主力军。新疆的农业生产形势是比较好的, 相似文献
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航空气象保障是气象业务服务中最重要的领域之一,其中存在的一些问题也是大气科学领域所关注的难点。航空业的发展与气象条件密不可分,同时也为气象科技与业务提供了大量宝贵信息。文章通过对一些史实的回顾和分析,梳理了航空与气象发展的密切联系,揭示了一些重要事件发生的因果关系,并对当前和未来如何进一步加强航空与气象服务保障的关系和推进航空气象发展进行了探讨。 相似文献
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据统计,自然灾害中大多数是由于气象灾害造成的,为了减灾防灾,把自然灾害造成的损失减小到最低限度,就特别需要准确及时的天气预报,而专业气象服务的重要内容就是根据用户的不同特点和要求,有针对性的提供准确及时的天气预报和其他气象信息。由于各行各业的业务特点不同,要求气象部门提供气象信息的时效、内容、形式也各不相同,而公益气象服务远远不能满足各单位的业务需要,所以专业气象服务与各行各业的关系就显得更为密切。 相似文献
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引言全国第五次公共气象服务工作会议明确了专业气象服务的定位与内涵。专业气象服务是为经济社会特定行业和用户提供的有专门用途的气象服务。专业气象服务需要面向需求,进一步拓展服务领域,加强服务针对性和产品的科技含量,真正融入经济社会各领域,大力提高气象服务的经济社会效益[1]。 相似文献
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新西兰
新西兰政府从1861年就开始提供气象服务,1874年在海洋部建立了独立的预报服务系统。二次世界大战在1939年爆发时,气象服务又成为新西兰皇家空军的一项职责。军事和国内航空的发展,对于气象服务提出了大量的新需求。战后,气象与航空之间的这种联系就保持了下来,新西兰气象局（NZMS）成为具有部分航空职责的部门。从20世纪80年代起, 相似文献
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针对专业气象服务发展状况、服务产品、运行机制、体制改革等方面开展调查和研究,分析了广西专业气象服务工作现状,与先进省份存在的差距,提出了广西专业气象服务发展思路和对策建议,为全面提高专业气象服务能力和水平,推进广西专业气象服务更快更好发展提供决策依据。 相似文献
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民航气象业务运行能力水平高低对于保障飞行安全至关重要.结合民航气象业务特征和流程分析,基于系统理念从人员、设备、制度与规范和环境4个方面构建评估指标体系,设计评估流程并开发民航气象业务运行能力评估系统,通过系统测试和试评估验证了该评估体系指标构建合理.系统应用结果能反映被评估单位实际运行状况与标准规范要求之间的差距,以便制定整改计划;系统具备的统计分析功能还可以对不同被评估单位之间以及同一单位不同的评估活动进行横向纵向对比分析.该体系的构建对于提高现有民航气象业务运行能力水平,增强民航气象应对特殊天气变化能力,确保气象服务质量具有现实意义. 相似文献
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民用航空气象观测综述 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍了民用航空气象观测这一全球大气监测网中的重要观测平台的发展历史，航空气象资料的特点及其在气象业务与大气科学研究中的应用现状，详细分析了航空气象资料的获取、优势、存在的局限和未来的改进方向。指出民用航空飞机观测这一常规大气探测手段具有广阔的应用前景，受到了气象部门和航空业的共同重视，航空气象资料对提高天气预报准确率和气象服务水平将起到积极的促进作用，在未来的数值天气预报业务和大气科学研究中占据越来越重要的地位。 相似文献
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J. Clodman 《大气与海洋》2013,51(1):1-7
Although an official observatory was established in Toronto in 1839, governmental attempts to organize a national meteorological service were not begun until 1871. Storm warnings and general weather forecasts for Eastern Canada were instituted in 1876, and this service was extended across the West and throughout the settled portions of the country by the early years of the 20th century. Historical climatological data were published annually after 1871, but very little statistical data, delineating the climate of the country, were available prior to 1900. A beginning was made at expanding meteorological activities into the North before World War I, but it was not until the 1920's that a significant number of observing stations were located there. By 1930 the need for extensive aviation meteorological services was becoming apparent, but the economic depression prevented an expansion of both aviation and meteorological services. 相似文献
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At the beginning of the 1930's the demand for aviation meteorological services was increasing rapidly. Before the Meteorological Service of Canada could significantly expand, however, the economic depression forced the cancellation of contracts and programs in aviation and the demand diminished greatly. Continuing to provide general public and marine forecasts and routine climatological services, the Service inaugurated seasonal forestry and agricultural forecasts during the mid 1930's. Taking advantage of innovations in meteorological science abroad, the Service began participating with the University of Toronto in a postgraduate training program in meteorology, and undertook to adapt the new meteorological theories to North American weather. During the late 1930's the demand for aviation meteorological services intensified again, leading to the establishment of aviation forecast offices to serve Trans‐Canada Airlines at Vancouver, Winnipeg, Toronto and Montreal. In addition a trans‐Atlantic aviation forecast office was set up at Gander, Newfoundland. During the decade, the number of professional meteorologists in Canada increased from less than a dozen to more than 50, while the number of telegraphic reporting stations was nearly doubled from 70 to 135. 相似文献
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Aviation is a fast-growing sector, releasing more carbon dioxide per passenger kilometre than other transport modes. For climate change researchers, work-related travel – including for conferences and fieldwork – is a major carbon-emitting activity. At the same time, many argue that climate scientists have an important role in curbing their own aviation emissions to align their practices with their assertions in relation to emissions reduction. We examine the tensions between competing professional demands in relation to flying; measure levels of flying by climate and non-climate researchers; assess influences on choices and attitudes; and consider how information provision and structural changes might enable changes in practice. Study 1 entails a large, international survey of flying undertaken by climate change (including sustainability and environmental science) researchers and those from other disciplines (N = 1408). Study 2 tests effects of varying information provision on researchers’ behavioural intentions and policy support to reduce flying (N = 362). Unexpectedly, we find climate change researchers – particularly professors – fly more than other researchers, but are also more likely to have taken steps to reduce or offset their flying. Providing information about the impacts of aviation increases behavioural intentions and support for institutional policies to reduce flying, particularly amongst more pro-environmental respondents. However, while attitudinal factors (e.g., personal norm) predict willingness to reduce flying, structural/social factors (e.g., family commitments, location) are more important in predicting actual flying behaviour. Recent initiatives to develop a low-carbon and more inclusive research culture within climate science and the broader research community thus need to be supported by broader policies and technologies to encourage and enable low-carbon and avoided travel. 相似文献
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文章从系统结构、功能、维护等方面,阐述了民航乌海机场气象网络系统的构建,以及应用和维护中的一些问题,实现气象数据传输、资料分析、产品制作和服务的自动化和智能化,达到了可靠性高、结构简单、利于维护的目的,为航空飞行的安全提供了技术保障。 相似文献
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地形影响的飞机颠簸及其数值仿真实验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
首先利用中尺度数值模式ARPS模拟气流过山生成飞行数值仿真所需要的风场，然后利用飞机载荷因数变量方程进行飞机飞行的数值仿真试验。研究结果表明，气流过山产生的山脉重力波由于风切变临界层破碎，一方面能在对流层产生较强的湍流引起晴空飞机颠簸，另一方面也能在山脉背风面产生强烈下坡风，背风转子环流及低空湍流，影响飞机的起飞和着陆。揭示了飞机在过山脉地形背风面所产生的大气湍流中飞行时引起飞机颠簸的物理机制，有助于增强飞机颠簸的预测能力和飞行气象保障能力。 相似文献
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分析了热气球飞行的气象条件及泰山对热气球飞行的影响。利用１９８８－１９９５年９－１０月历史资料,对适宜热气球飞越泰山的气象条件进行了统计分析,在总结天气形势特征的基础上,针对热气球飞越泰山受诸多气象要素影响的特点,分析素选取相关性较好的因子,分别建立天空状况,低空风向,地面风速预报方程,最后制作综合预报。经１９９６年,１９９７年９－１０月试报效果较好。 相似文献