共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 188 毫秒
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研究了中高度（离地心３－４个地球半径）极隙区上行电子束流和上行氧离子（ｏ＋）锥引起的沿磁力线传播的电磁不稳定性．采用的物理模型假定：上行电子具有单能束流分布函数，而上行氧离子（ｏ＋）锥可用单能环－束分布函数来描述．结果表明，左旋和右旋圆偏振的低频电磁模是不稳定的，激发不稳定性的自由能源主要由上行电子束流提供，而上行氧离子（ｏ＋）锥因自由能太小只影响频率色散关系，上行粒子（电子和氧离子）与背景等离子体密度比的变化对电磁不稳定性有重要影响．这些结果对解释权隙区纬度地面站低频电磁波观测资料和理解极隙区动力学过程是很有益的． 相似文献
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本文研究了地球磁尾等离子体片边界层内由离子束流和等离子体密度梯度联合作用产生的静电不稳定性.模型等离子体由向尾流动的冷离子束流、向地球流动的暖离子束流和背景暖电子组成,等离子体密度是非均匀的,等离子体β（热压强与磁压强之比值）很小,电子等离子体频率与电子退旋频率之比。ωe/Ωe》1.结果表明,斜传播的静电快、慢离子束流-密度漂移模能够被激发。 相似文献
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等离子体波动与带电粒子的共振相互作用一直是磁层物理学的研究热点.作为一种常见的宽频、右旋极化等离子体波动,等离子体层嘶声在地球磁层电子的损失过程中起到了重要作用.其中,嘶声波对电子的回旋共振散射被认为是辐射带槽区形成的主要机制,而人们对嘶声波与电子的弹跳共振机制的理解却相对匮乏.本文旨在细致研究嘶声波与槽区电子的弹跳共振相互作用,明确其对槽区电子动态演化过程的影响.研究发现,嘶声波与电子的弹跳共振可以造成槽区电子在高投掷角(80°～90°)处明显的投掷角扩散.相比于低能(<～100 keV)电子,嘶声波引起的高能(>～100 keV)电子的弹跳共振效应明显更强.槽区电子的弹跳共振投掷角扩散系数对于L-shell、地磁活动条件和共振阶数都有着很强的依赖性.随着L-shell的增大和地磁活动的增强,嘶声波对电子的弹跳共振散射效应显著增强.对于低能电子,共振阶数对总散射系数的贡献随阶数的升高而增大;而对于低L-shell处的高能电子,共振阶数对总散射系数的贡献随阶数的升高而呈现先增大后减小的趋势.嘶声波与槽区电子的弹跳共振相互作用可以有效地将高投掷角电子散射到较低的投掷角上,进而... 相似文献
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本文利用MHD二维不可压模式,研究了地球磁层顶边界区剪切流引起的Kelvin-Helmholtz（K-H）不稳定性问题,得到了一个新的非线性微分方程组.理论和数值分析表明:该问题的非线性演化对初值非常敏感,而且在雷诺数和磁雷诺数给定的条件下,Alfven马赫数（MA）对K-H不稳定性的非线性演化起决定性作用.这组方程蕴含几个吸引子,如不动点,极限环和奇异吸引子等,这体现了磁层顶非线性系统的复杂性.文中还发现背景磁场在磁层顶K-H不稳定性的非线性演化过程中起很重要的作用. 相似文献
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P. V. Vatagin Yu. E. Charikov A. V. Stepanov I. V. Kudryavtsev 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2012,52(8):1015-1020
Unique measurements by a solar submillimeter radio telescope (SST) have been carried out in the sub-THz radiation at 212 and 405 THz over the past decade. The spectrum of RF radiation in this region increased with frequency for the three flares of November 2 and 4, 2003, and December 6, 2006, and the flux value reached 5 × 103?2 × 104 sfu at 405 GHz (Kaufman et al., 2009). In this work, we consider a set of nonlinear equations for an accelerated electrons beam and the Langmuir wave energy density. The distribution functions of the accelerated electron beam and wave energy density are calculated taking into account Coulomb collisions, electron scattering by waves, and wave scattering by plasma ions. In addition, the source of accelerated particles and the heat level of the Langmuir turbulence are specified. The beam and plasma parameters are chosen based on the aims of a problem. The plasma concentration varies from n = 1013 to 1015 cm?3, the electron plasma frequency f p = (3 × 1010?3 × 1011) Hz in this case. The ratio of plasma and beam concentrations, sufficient to explain the value of the radio flux at a frequency of 300 GHz, is n b/n = 10?3. The Langmuir turbulence is excited due to the instability of the accelerated electron beam with an initial distribution function of the ??bump-in-tail?? type. Then, the parameters of radiowaves are calculated in the sub-THz range under the assumption of coalescence of two plasma waves. The calculation results show that a sub-THz radio flux can be obtained under the condition of injection of accelerated electrons. The fine time structure of radio flux observed is easily simulated based on this statement by the pulsed time structure of electron beams and their dynamics in overdense plasma. X-ray and gamma radiation was recorded during the events under study. Hard X-ray radiation is bremsstrahlung radiation from accelerated electron beams. 相似文献
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N.L. Tsintsadze T.D. Kaladze L.V. Tsamalashvili 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(17-18):1858-1863
Interaction of high-frequency seismo-electromagnetic emissions with the weakly ionized gas of the ionospheric D-layer is considered. It is shown that through the earth's ionosphere weakly damped high-frequency electron cyclotron electromagnetic waves can propagate. These new type of waves easily reach the ionospheric D-layer where they interact with the existing electrons and ions. Acting on electrons ponderomotive force is taken into account and corresponding modified Charney equation is obtained. It is shown that only nonlinear vortical structures with negative vorticity (anticyclone) can be excited. The amplitude modulation of electromagnetic waves can lead to the excitation of Rossby waves in the weakly ionized gas. The corresponding growth rate is defined. Depending on the intensity of the pumping waves generated by seismic activity different stable and unstable branches of oscillations are found. Detection of the new oscillation branches and energetically reinforcing Rossby solitary vortical anticyclone structures may be serve as precursors to earthquake. 相似文献
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Low frequency electrostatic waves are studied in magnetized plasmas with an electron temperature which varies with position in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. For wave frequencies below the ion cyclotron frequency, the waves need not follow any definite dispersion relation. Instead a band of phase velocities is allowed, with a range of variation depending on the maximum and minimum values of the electron temperature. Simple model equations are obtained for the general case which can be solved to give the spatial variation of a harmonically time varying potential. A simple analytical model for the phenomenon is presented and the results are supported by numerical simulations carried out in a 2.5-dimensional particle-in-cell numerical simulation. We find that when the electron temperature is striated along B0 and low frequency waves (ci) are excited in this environment, then the intensity of these low frequency waves will be striated in a manner following the electron temperature striations. High frequency ion acoustic waves (ci) will on the other hand have a spatially more uniform intensity distribution. 相似文献
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A. V. Pavlov 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(2):176-182
In this paper we present the results of a study of the electron cooling rate, the production rates of vibrationally excited N2(v), and the production frequency of the N2 vibrational quanta arising from the collisions of electrons with unexcited N2(0) and vibrationally excited N2(1) molecules as functions of the electron temperature. The electron energy transfer rates for vibrational excitation of N2 have been calculated and fit to analytical expressions by use of the revised vibrationally excited N2 cross sections. These new analytical expressions are available to the researcher for quick reference and accurate computer modeling with a minimum of calculations. 相似文献
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The strong increase in the flux of relativistic electrons during the recovery phase of magnetic storms and during other active periods is investigated with the help of Hamiltonian formalism and simulations of test electrons which interact with whistler waves. The intensity of the whistler waves is enhanced significantly due to injection of 10–100 keV electrons during the substorm. Electrons which drift in the gradient and curvature of the magnetic field generate the rising tones of VLF whistler chorus. The seed population of relativistic electrons which bounce along the inhomogeneous magnetic field, interacts resonantly with the whistler waves. Whistler wave propagating obliquely to the magnetic field can interact with energetic electrons through Landau, cyclotron, and higher harmonic resonant interactions when the Doppler-shifted wave frequency equals any (positive or negative) integer multiple of the local relativistic gyrofrequency. Because the gyroradius of a relativistic electron may be the order of or greater than the perpendicular wavelength, numerous cyclotron, harmonics can contribute to the resonant interaction which breaks down the adiabatic invariant. A similar process diffuses the pitch angle leading to electron precipitation. The irreversible changes in the adiabatic invariant depend on the relative phase between the wave and the electron, and successive resonant interactions result in electrons undergoing a random walk in energy and pitch angle. This resonant process may contribute to the 10–100 fold increase of the relativistic electron flux in the outer radiation belt, and constitute an interesting relation between substorm-generated waves and enhancements in fluxes of relativistic electrons during geomagnetic storms and other active periods. 相似文献
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A. V. Pavlov 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(8):1007-1013
In this work I present the results of a study of the electron cooling rate, the production rates of vibrationally excited O2, and the production frequency of the O2 vibrational quanta arising from the collisions of electrons with O2 molecules as functions of the electron temperature. The electron energy transfer and cooling rates by vibrational excitation of O2 have been calculated and fitted to analytical expressions by use of the revised vibrationally excited O2 cross sections. These new analytical expressions are available to the researcher for quick reference and accurate computer modeling with a minimum of calculations. It is also shown that the currently accepted rate of electron energy loss associated with rotational transitions in O2 must be decreased by a factor of 13. 相似文献
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《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2000,62(17-18):1719-1733
Attention is focused here on the quasilinear and nonlinear physics of cyclotron interactions between magnetospheric whistler mode waves and energetic electrons on dipolar geomagnetic flux tubes. These interactions can lead to the generation of noise-like emissions or phase-coherent discrete signals in the frequency-time domain. In the magnetosphere noise-like emissions called hiss are accompanied by a smooth electron precipitation pattern. Examples of discrete emissions are ELF/VLF chorus or VLF emissions triggered by whistlers from lightning or by radio transmitters on the ground. The rapid temporal variations of these signals are associated with fine structure of the distribution function of the radiation belt electrons, such as a transient step-like deformation or a well-organized beam, which are prepared by initial noise-like emissions or by a quasimonochromatic whistler–wave packet, respectively. These cause the properties of the electrons, which may be observed on a satellite, to evolve rapidly in time and on relatively short spatial scales. Bursts of precipitating electrons occur, and can contribute significantly to depleting the radiation belts. Recent results on improvements in the theoretical understanding of such processes and on new observations of magnetospheric electrons and whistler-mode waves are presented. 相似文献
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Satellite measurements show that ion beams above the auroral acceleration region are heated to hundreds of eV in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. We show that ion acoustic waves may be responsible for much of this heating. Even in the absence of a positive slope in the velocity distribution of the beam ions, ion acoustic waves can be generated by a fan instability. We present analytical estimates of the wave growth rate and ion beam heating rate. These estimates, which are confirmed by particle simulations, indicate that the perpendicular temperature of the beam ions will increase by 30 eV/s, or by 1 eV in 20–25 km. From the simulations we also conclude that the heating saturates at a perpendicular temperature around 200 eV, which is consistent with observations. 相似文献