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苏锡常地区地裂缝地质灾害发生地区,大都具备地震勘探条件,一是地裂缝在水平方向上的延伸具有方向性,二是在垂向上具有可分辨的拓展深度。在遭受地裂缝破坏的地区,其地震时间剖面将会出现反射波同相轴错断、反射波能量转换、反射层产状变化和反射波增减等特征。根据该区资料试处理效果及有关处理参数的测试原则,确定了地裂缝三维地震勘查资料处理流程:在预处理阶段,着重做好道编辑、静校正和反褶积;在部分时间偏移(DMO)叠加阶段,重点做好速度分析,剩余静校正;在叠加之后偏移之前做好随机去噪及偏移方法的测试;在偏移之后作好反Q滤波,信号增强等处理。另外还可进行波阻抗、振幅层拉平等特殊处理及三瞬处理。通过上述各项资料处理工作,为探测研究地裂缝分布规律提供了可靠的解释依据。 相似文献
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地震资料分频处理的应用及效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在地震资料信噪比比较低,叠加次数比较低的情况下,常规处理效果不好,可以采用分频处理。各个不同频带的地震反射波周期差别较大,分别进行自动剩余静校正及互相关静校正,能准确求出剩余时差。在各个频带内做反Q补偿及自适应倾斜面之叠加,可以更好的进行频率补偿及相位补偿,增加叠加次数,提高处理质量。在上述处理基础上,将各频带的地震反射能量相加,获得最终叠加剖面,提高处理效果。 相似文献
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在地震地质条件复杂地区,因资料信噪比低,其勘探效果难以满足现代化矿井集约高效、安全高产的要求。大排列、小道距、高覆盖、高信噪比的精细地震勘探虽可提高勘探精度,但成本较高,为此针对煤炭行业的现状及现有经济技术条件提出了高信噪比(不小于2)、低覆盖次数(低于常规覆盖次数的1/3)的地震勘查方法。该方法在比现有市场单价稍高的情况下,也能获得高信噪比的原始资料。地震波激发技术是该方法的重要和关键环节,具体攻关方向为共振技术、载波技术等。该技术的应用效果比常规勘探具有一定的比较优势,除将显著提高煤炭地震勘探的精度外,其在陆上部分油气勘探领域、深部地震反射剖面探测、活断层探测中也会有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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地震勘探面临诸多挑战,地震成果的不确定性与多解性、短周期与高预期的矛盾、高生产率与低信噪比的矛盾等急待解决,其中开展宽频带采集已成为拓宽频带宽度、提高分辨能力的基础。全数字高密度三维地震勘探通过数字检波器单点接收,高密度采样的方式来实现地震勘探的宽方位角、小面元和高覆盖次数,因此,地震检波器作为野外数据采集过程中最为关键的采集前端设备,其性能的好坏及所采集的数据质量的优劣直接关系到后续的处理与解释等环节。为了对比数字检波器与模拟检波器的实际采集效果,并探讨在野外实际数据采集中数字与模拟检波器性能之间的不同,采用低、中、高不同固有频率的模拟检波器、单点数字检波器与室内数字检波器组合6种检波器进行接收试验,对不同类型检波器的地震记录进行频谱、信噪比等分析,发现数字检波器接收地震信号的频宽和信噪比优于模拟检波器,并且数字检波器室内组合之后频带宽度和信噪比均变大;在低、中、高固有频率的模拟检波器中,低频模拟检波器的频宽和信噪比效果好于中、高频模拟检波器;当高密度采集时,叠加达到一定次数时,剖面信噪比变化不大,因此,可以根据不同深度目的层信号选择合适的叠加次数。 相似文献
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三维地震勘探在干厚黄土浅煤层地区的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
干厚黄土覆盖地区表浅层黄土结构疏松、无潜水位，对地震波吸收强烈，难以开展三维地震勘探，特别是在煤层埋深浅的干厚黄土覆盖丘陵地区。在河东煤田某矿区，经多次试验，采取“高叠加次数、小炮检距、单深井激发、组合接收”等采集技术措施，使用绿山初至折射静校正方法及浮动基准面叠加方法的资料处理技术，最终有效地压制了干扰，提高了信噪比，使反射波更加突出，成像效果明显。 相似文献
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高密度采集技术在西部煤炭资源勘探中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
结合中国煤炭地质总局承担的国家重大产业技术开发专项“西部煤炭资源高精度三维地震勘探技术”依托工程的研究成果,介绍了高密度三维地震勘探的概念、技术特点和优势。高密度三维地震采集技术与常规三维地震技术相比,具有高覆盖次数、小空间采样间隔、宽（全）方位角、均匀炮检距道集等特点,在资料采集和处理过程中容易接收并保护宽频数据,实现高信噪比、高分辨率、高保真度。实例说明小网格和高覆盖次数可有效提高地震资料信噪比和地震反射波的连续性,提高小构造的检测能力。根据多个依托工程的实施情况,提出了高密度三维地震采集技术对设备及野外采集的要求。 相似文献
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随着超深储层的油气勘探力度不断加大,针对复杂的表层结构和地下地质构造地区,常规地震勘探方法难以获取信噪比较高的有效反射信息,地震资料成像效果差,地震剖面难以清楚刻画工区的地质构造。因此,基于大型低频可控震源激发技术,根据野外采集要求,结合地质任务,选择采用高密度二维广角反射地震观测系统进行地震资料采集,通过广角地震波数值模拟和野外试验工作,优选出适合本工区的野外采集参数。研究结果表明,基于大型低频可控震源的超深储层广角反射采集技术,能够获得较强能量的远偏移距处的弱反射地震信号,特别是深层的低频信息,有效地提高了地震资料信噪比。相对于常规地震叠加剖面,广角反射地震叠加剖面品质得到明显改善,同相轴连续,构造部位清晰可见,地震成像效果良好。野外生产实践证明,广角反射地震勘探技术对超深层油气勘探具有重要的应用价值。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献