共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 781 毫秒
1.
在粤北石漠化地区运用面上调查、定位观测和模拟降雨试验相结合的方法,研究了石漠化地区植被退化特征及其与降雨截留量、土壤的相关性。结果表明：石漠化土地从轻度→中度→重度→极重度变化时,植物群落从草本+藤本+乔灌木→草本→苔藓变化,群落层片从4层→4层→2层→1层变化, 平均高度从87.06 cm→63.32 cm→42.13cm→6.21 cm变化,物种减少比例从0%→14%→46%→86%变化,植物优势种从黄连木+苎麻+黄荆+三裂叶野葛→黄连木+青蒿+野菊→五节芒+野古草+牛筋草→苔藓变化,Margalef丰富度指数从2.33 →2→1.25→0.33变化,Shannon-Wiener指数从2.96→2.31→1.94→0.42变化。植被退化特征与降雨和土壤理化性质都呈显著相关性。 相似文献
2.
广州的城市化与生态环境建设 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
广州市在现代化过程中 ,要建成山水城市 ,也即生态城市 ,首先要正确理解城市化 ,合理布局城镇体系 ,搞好生态环境建设 ,包括林业、农业、水体等环境建设 ,优化城市环境 ,形成具有良性循环的城乡经济—生态体系。为此 ,必须搞好土地利用总体规划和科学的城市规划 ,保证建立合理用地结构 相似文献
3.
湘鄂渝黔边旅游扶贫开发研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
文章论述了湘鄂渝黔边自然生态游、文化游等旅游开发项目;吸引贫困农民参与旅游开发、转变贫困地区人们观念和扩大就业的旅游产业带动;筹集旅游扶贫开发资金、建立旅游扶贫开发经济实体、解决发展旅游业所需人才问题;推进湘鄂渝黔边旅游产业一体化、建立旅游扶贫开发基金的政府扶持旅游业机制;转变旅游开发者观念、实施旅游收入绿色核算制度、建立旅游业可持续发展管理体制。 相似文献
4.
我国沙漠化地区贫困县经济发展探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
我国沙漠化地区涉及的212个县(旗市)中,有贫困县82个。82个贫困县经济基础薄弱,人民生活贫困,其原因为生产方式粗放,人口增长过快和素质低,自然生态条件差等。改变贫困面貌的途径在于依靠科技进步,整治生态环境,调整产业结构,开发资源,发展交通运输,扩大商品经济生产,控制人口数量和提高人口素质。本文还对不同地区的贫困县提出相应的经济发展意见。 相似文献
5.
我国山区农业发展急需转变战略思维 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：13
我国山区已基本解决温饱问题并向小康方向前进。山区农业发展急转变战略思维去适应新的形势；从因地制宜到因市制宜，从关心空间距离到关心时间距离，从农户经营以农庄规模经验，从重数量到重质量，从抓粮食到挣钱，从生存农业到生态农业，从经验到科学，从单一思想到复合思维。 相似文献
6.
Vegard Gundersen Bjørn Petter Kaltenborn Daniel R. Williams 《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2016,70(4):216-229
Local communities in the Gudbrandsdalen region in Norway are increasingly exposed to climate-induced hazards such as floods and landslides. A core question is how community members respond to climate change and what factors contribute to more resilient communities. The authors used a contextual approach to analyze data from semi-structured interviews along five dimensions. In Gaustad Muncipality they found that individuals’ motivation to adapt to climate change depended largely on subjective values such as identity, place attachment, cultural values, and social networks among individuals, which means it is crucial that strategic plans for adaptation to climate change at different policy levels are experienced as relevant by community members. While the studied community has experienced heavy floods in river systems and streams, little evidence of adaptation was observed. Instead, they appeared to adopt coping strategies. Landowners may have limited incentives to adapt to climate change due to contraproductive policy measures such as economic compensation for direct losses without requiring improved practices. Effective adaptation to climate change on the local level is likely to require making compensation mechanisms contingent upon landowners showing willingness to change from coping to adaptive practices, as well as a contextualized approach integrating local and scientific forms of knowledge. 相似文献
7.
Elana Wilson 《Area》2007,39(3):323-330
In this article, I trace the efforts of a development team working to promote a Canadian approach to natural resources management in the Russian North. These development workers used two communication strategies related to time and history to render Canadian knowledge mobile and applicable to a new location: (1) imagining today's Russian North as equivalent to the Canadian northern past and (2) reframing and idealising the Canadian past and present to make the governance export less discursively 'messy' for an outside audience. The relative failure of these communicative strategies points to the need for richer dialogue in efforts to move knowledge cross-culturally. 相似文献
8.
程鸿 《云南地理环境研究》1989,1(2):27-33
西南人口占全国五分之一,其农业情况,不仅关系到当地人民的生活与经济发展的前景,而且也关系到国家全局。近年来,西南农业发展缓慢,粮食短缺,形势严峻。本文着重讨论了西南农业发展中的四个主要问题:1.加强农田基本建设,提高耕地生产力,为粮食和其他农作物的大幅度增产打好基础。2.由于人口增长,粮食产需矛盾不断加深,增产任务艰巨,必须引起高度重视。排除干扰,及时采取切实措施,保证实现各省区不同水平的生产目标。3.进一步巩固和发挥经济作物、畜产品和生物资源的区域优势。4.把西南建成为国家强大的后续林业基地,改善环境质量,增产各种林产品。 相似文献
9.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(3-4):169-172
Abstract The new Advanced Placement (AP) human geography course is a wonderful opportunity to ensure the availability of high quality geographic education for high school students. As with any course, in addition to the students' interest and ability, their success is also closely linked to the teachers' preparation. In order to be as well prepared as possible, most AP human geography teachers want and need to know several things in addition to the course content. Questions addressed include how to promote the course, who to promote it to, necessary geographic background for both students and teachers, recommended texts and other resources, how to prepare students for the examination, and how to incorporate the course into the school curriculum. 相似文献
10.
11.
This paper examines how double exposure to economic and environmental stressors – and the interaction between the two – affect smallholder farmers in Mozambique's Limpopo River Basin. Studying two case study villages we find that people, in general, are resilient to environmental stressors. However, most households show less resilience to the socioeconomic stressors and shocks that have been introduced or intensified by economic globalisation. Our findings indicate that economic change brought about by structural adjustment policies pressures rural people to alter their approach to farming, which makes it more difficult for them to respond to environmental change. For example, smallholder farmers find it difficult to make a transition to commercial farming within the Limpopo Basin, in part because farming techniques that are well adapted to managing environmental variability in the region – such as seeding many small plots – are not well suited to the economies of scale needed for profitable commercial agriculture. People use a variety of strategies to cope with interactive environmental and economic stressors and shocks, but many face considerable constraints to profitably exploiting market-based opportunities. We conclude that economic stressors and shocks may now be causing small-scale agriculture to be less well adapted to ecological and climate variability, making smallholders more vulnerable to future climate change. Some local level policy interventions, including those that support and build on local environmental knowledge, could assist rural agricultural societies in adapting to future environmental change in the context of economic globalisation. 相似文献
12.
13.
根据泰尔系数和基尼系数可按地域和收入来源进行分解的特性,对我国1997—2009年间各省份农民收入时空差异进行地域和因子结构双重解析。结果表明,省际间农民收入呈小幅波动增大态势;三大地带内差异是构成农民收入差异的主导部分,尤其是中部地带内省际间差异和贡献居首要地位;因子结构分解则显示工资性收入对总体非均衡程度的贡献最高。着力加快中、西部地区的工业化、城镇化进程,推进农业剩余劳动力向城镇转移或向非农产业转移,提升其工资性收入水平,并从政策、财政和科技等方面支持落后地区加快发展家庭经营是缓解农村地区省际收入差距并促进农村经济区域协调发展的有效途径。 相似文献
14.
广东城市化进程的思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
认为广东至2010年的城市化目标以50%为宜，在城市化进程中，下列问题值得重视；加速发展中小城市；采取城乡一体化发展模式；逐步建立若干个大都市圈；依法做好土地利用规划；注意城市分质供水的发展趋势；建设多功能的城市；国家、企业、个人多元化参与城市化的进程。 相似文献
15.
Targeting seasonal climate forecasts for integration into household level decisions: the case of smallholder farmers in Lesotho 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Gina Ziervogel 《The Geographical journal》2004,170(1):6-21
Seasonal climate forecasts have been promoted as a means to increase the resilience of marginal groups in Africa. The manifestations of this are still to be seen. This paper argues that successful dissemination and adoption of the forecast requires an in-depth profile of the characteristics and needs of user groups. The case study of a mountainous village in southern Lesotho is used to highlight the decisions which one group of marginal users – smallholder farmers – might make in response to the forecast. A participatory role-play exercise explores what information households presently receive and how new climate forecast information could be integrated into seasonal decision making. Results show that there are a number of low-input options available to these farmers for responding to the forecast. Adoption, however, is going to require repeated exposure to the forecast in conjunction with forecast development that is suited to users' needs. The case study is linked back to the larger scale by suggesting paths that seasonal climate forecast development could take if it is to contribute to improving livelihood sustainability among marginal groups. 相似文献
16.
Fulong Wu 《Urban geography》2018,39(8):1177-1194
Housing privatization seems to suggest a process of state retreat. However, this is not always the case in China. This paper examines an estate that is mixed with work-unit housing and municipal public housing to understand its changing governance. It is intriguing to observe that the state has had to return to this neighborhood to strengthen its administration following housing privatization, because the attempt to transfer responsibility to commercial property management failed. The neighborhood governance, however, has transformed from one based on work-units to a government-funded administrative agency. The return of the state has been achieved through professional social workers, and it is struggling to operate, leading to the alienation and disempowerment of former state work-unit residents. The side effect of this approach to governance is that, through encouraging market provision and commercial operation which is not fully working, reciprocal activities are restrained. Since housing privatization, the neighborhood has deteriorated from a brand-new estate into an ‘old and dilapidated neighborhood’ in less than 25 years. 相似文献
17.
论述了我国中西部山区扶贫开发取得的成就和面临的问题,提出了增强扶贫开发的十项政策措施:搞好宏观调控,转变思想观念,实行优惠政策,加强基础设施建设,采取倾斜政策,开展横向联系,加快发展乡镇企业,搞好智力开发,强化社会化服务体系建设,积极开展扶贫济困活动。 相似文献
18.
西藏产业的可持续发展问题研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
西藏是中国自然资源最富集地区之一,但自然生态环境脆弱、经济发展至今仍相当落后。要保护改善生态环境、摆脱贫困落后、走向持续繁荣,就必须改变传统的产业发展模式,走产业可持续发展道路,努力实现产业的资源化、特色化、社会化与生态化。既要注重自然与人文资源的多元化综合开发,充分发挥资源优势构筑高原特色产业;又要推动各民族人民普遍参与共同繁荣,促进一、二、三产业的协调持续发展。只有这样,才有可能确保高原独特生态系统的良性循环,合理开发利用丰富资源,加快推进区域可持续发展的现代化进程。 相似文献
19.
城市生态环境形象设计的生态背景值研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
城市生态背景值包括自然生态背景值与人文生态背景值。城市生态背景值越高,城市生态环境形象建设与管理的成本就越低。通过城市生态背景值的相关因素分析与量化分等,在选择分析的中国14个特大城市中,生态背景值相差甚远。按综合分值分等,第一等空缺,第二等和第三等分别只有广州市和上海市,第四等有7个城市,第五等有3个城市,得分最低的第六等有兰州市和乌鲁木齐市。按自然生态背景值分值划分,第一等空缺,得分最高的第二等只有广州市,最低的第九等是乌鲁木齐市。按人文生态背景值分值划分,第一等空缺,第二等是北京市,其余为第三等和第四等。文章以城市生态背景值为依据,较为详细地分析了广州市何以在较短的时间内由一个"不适合居住"的城市变为"国际花园城市"的原因。 相似文献